Wake Forest » Wake McCarty and Miller Aff

Wake McCarty and Miller Aff

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	GSU Aff Tournament: Sample Tournament \| Round: 1 \| Opponent: Sample Team \| Judge: Sample Judge KUse the second box for WYSIWYG editing, or pasting straight from Word. Click the pencil to the right to edit entries. Click the Red X to delete this sample entry. Contention One Is Terrorism Al Qaeda is regrouping in Yemen – gearing up for new attacks Al-Arashi ‘11 [Fakhri Al-Arashi, Publisher & Chief Editor “Yemen Gives Wounded Al Qaeda A Chance To Regroup”, National Yemen, http://nationalyemen.com/2011/06/07/yemen-gives-wounded-al-qaeda-a-chance-to-regroup/, June 6, 2011] War in Yemen would hand al Qaeda’s boldest militants greater scope to attack the West and repair the group’s morale after … sophisticated explosives, and producing compelling online propaganda that instigates attacks by others.. Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, or AQAP, is rapidly becoming a transnational threat – they have become the most potent branch of Al Qaeda Miller and Finn ‘10 [Miller and Peter Finn, Washington Post Staff Writers, “CIA sees increased threat from al-Qaeda in Yemen”, Tuesday, August 24, 2010, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/08/24/AR2010082406553_pf.html For the first time since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, CIA analysts see one of al-Qaeda's offshoots - …, an American-born cleric whose command of English and militant ambition have helped transform the Yemen organization into a transnational threat. Philip Mudd, a former senior official at the CIA and the FBI, argues in a forthcoming article that the threat of a Sept. 11-style attack has been supplanted by a proliferation of plots by AQAP and other affiliates. " Yemen is the key linchpin of global Al Qaeda– they’re key to funding, recruiting, training, deployment, and are the refuge of last resort Scheuer ‘8 [Michael Scheuer is a former CIA intelligence officer, American blogger, historian, foreign policy critic, and political analyst. He is currently an adjunct professor at Georgetown University's Center for Peace and Security Studies, “Yemen’s Role in al-Qaeda’s Strategy”, Terrorism Focus Volume: 5 Issue: 5, February 7, 2008, http://www.jamestown.org/programs/gta/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=4708&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=246&no_cache=1] Yemen has long figured prominently in the conduct of the defensive jihad in terms of manpower and geographic importance. Yemenis, for example, have had significant representation in al-Qaeda …, Yemen has long been regarded by Western and Muslim commentators as a possible refuge-of-last-resort if bin Laden ever has to flee South Asia—bin Laden also has stated such a possibility—and for this reason al-Qaeda must seek to maintain a viable presence in the country. Al Qaeda is on the verge of massive WMD attacks – leaked documents prove they have the capability Blake et al. 11 [Heidi Blake et al. is an investigative reporter for The Daily Telegraph. She was nominated for Young Journalist of the Year and Scoop of the Year in the 2010 British Press Awards Daily Telegraph, “WikiLeaks: al-Qaeda 'is planning a dirty bomb'”, February 2011, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/wikileaks/8296956/WikiLeaks-al-Qaeda-is-planning-a-dirty-bomb.html] Al-Qaida is on the verge of producing radioactive weapons after sourcing nuclear material and recruiting rogue scientists … security of the world’s only two declared smallpox stores in Atlanta, America, and Novosibirsk, Russia, has repeatedly been called into doubt by “a growing chorus of voices” at meetings of the World Health Assembly documented in the leaked cables. The alarming disclosures come after Barack Obama, the U.S. president, last year declared nuclear terrorism “the single biggest threat” to international security with the potential to cause “extraordinary loss of life”. Terrorism causes full scale nuclear conflict- preemption and miscalculation Ayson 10 – Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington (Robert, July. “After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects.” Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, Vol. 33, Issue 7. InformaWorld.) But these two nuclear worlds—a non-state actor nuclear attack and a catastrophic interstate nuclear exchange—are not necessarily separable. It is just possible that some sort of terrorist attack, and especially an act of nuclear terrorism, could precipitate a chain of events leading to a massive exchange of nuclear weapons … Moscow and/or China might mistakenly read this as a sign of U.S. intentions to use force (and possibly nuclear force) against them. In that situation, the temptations to preempt such actions might grow, Terrorism escalates to full scale nuclear war- retaliation and false flag attacks Hellman ‘8 (Martin E. Hellman* * Martin E. Hellman is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University. His current project applies risk analysis to nuclear deterrence Nuclear proliferation and the specter of nuclear terrorism are creating additional possibilities for triggering a … might even attempt to catalyze a full-scale nuclear war by disguising their act to look like an attack by the U.S. or Russia. Perception of US leadership against terrorism is key to the nuclear taboo- prevents nuclear war Bin ‘9 (5-22-09 About the Authors Prof. Li Bin is a leading Chinese expert on arms control and is currently the director of Arms Control Program at the Institute of International Studies, Tsinghua University. He received his Bachelor and Master Degrees in Physics from Peking University before joining China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP) to pursue a doctorate in the technical aspects of arms control. He served as a part-time assistant on arms control for the Committee of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND).Upon graduation Dr. Li entered the Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics (IAPCM) as a research fellow and joined the COSTIND technical group supporting Chinese negotiation team on Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). He attended the final round of CTBT negotiations as a technical advisor to the Chinese negotiating team. Nie Hongyi is an officer in the People’s Liberation Army with an MA from China’s National Defense University and a Ph.D. in International Studies from Tsinghua University, which he completed in 2009 under Prof. Li Bin. ) The nuclear taboo is a kind of international norm and this type of norm is supported by the promotion of the norm through international social exchange. … caused by conflict, the nuclear taboo can also help both countries reduce suspicions about the nuclear weapons problem, avoid miscalculation and thereby reduce the danger of a nuclear war. AQAP is looking to acquire and use CBWs Baldor ’11 [Lolita C. Baldor, Associated Press, “U.S. Plans to Train Yemeni Counter-Terrorism Unit” Monday, February 14, 2011, http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/us-plans-train-yemeni-counter-terrorism] Senior U.S. intelligence officials told Congress Thursday that AQAP is committed to obtaining weapons of mass destruction, including chemical and biological agents. And the group is still focused on inspiring homegrown American militants to launch their own attacks from within the U.S. "The likelihood of obtaining a biological weapon is more likely than obtaining or producing a yield-producing nuclear device," National Counterterrorism Center director Michael Leiter said during a hearing Thursday. "I do think that the smaller-scale lone wolf attack with conventional weapons still stands out as the far more likely event." U.S. officials repeatedly have warned that AQAP is the most significant and immediate threat to America, largely through smaller-scale attacks. Leaders of the insurgent group post persistent threats online saying they intend to continue to plot and execute attacks, and urge others to do the same. CBW attacks are growing exponentially more likely and will cause ensure multiple scenarios for extinction Kellman ‘8 [Barry Kellman is the director of the International Weapons Control Center, “Bioviolence: A Growing Threat”, The Futurist, May-June 2008, http://www.wfs.org/March-April09/MJ2008_Kellman.pdf] . For exampl e , highly dangerous agents can be made resistant to vaccines or antibiotics…. Failing to do the right thing in response to these challenges could have dire consequences for all humanity. Independently, weaponized smallpox causes extinction Singer ‘1 [Clifford E. Singer, professor of nuclear engineering and director of the Program in Arms Control, Disarmament, and International Security - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001, Will Mankind Survive the Millennium?, p. http://www.acdis.uiuc.edu/research/S&Ps/2001-Sp/S&P_XIII/Singer.htm] There are, however, two technologies currently under development that may pose a more serious threat to human survival. The first and most immediate is biological warfare combined with genetic engineering. Smallpox is the most fearsome of natural biological warfare agents …, and thus the survival of a globally connected human family may be in question when and if this is achieved. And, collapse of genetic diversity causes extinction Fowler and Mooney ’90 [Cary Fowler and Pat Mooney, Rural Advancement Fund International, Shattering: Food, Politics, and the Loss of Genetic Diversity, 1990, p. ix] While many may ponder the consequences of global warming, perhaps the biggest single environmental catastrophe in human history is unfolding in the garden…. Reducing the diversity of life, we narrow our options for the future and render our own survival more precarious. CBW attack causes nuclear war from retaliation Conley ‘3 [Lt Col Harry W. Conley, USAF, “Not with Impunity: Assessing US Policy for Retaliating to a Chemical or Biological Attack”, Air & Space Power Journal - Spring 2003, http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj03/spr03/conley.html] . However, what if the casualty count was around 300,000? Such an unthinkable result …, nuclear retaliation would be more than just a possibility, whatever promises had been made.”48 A successful terrorist attack would cause full scale US intervention in Yemen – that crushes hegemony Terrill ’11 [Dr. W. Andrew Terrill is a research professor at the U.S. Army War College, Carlisle Barracks PA, “Preventing Yemen from Becoming Fallujah”, November 1, 2010, http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/index.cfm/articles/Preventing-Yemen-from-Becoming-Fallujah/2010/11/1] This requirement may be especially clear when one considers the chain of events that could be set off if AQAP is eventually able to implement a spectacular terrorist event. … AQAP leaders clearly maintain a special hatred of the United States and they will seek to strike again soon. Decline causes nuclear great power conflict - empirical studies prove Khalilzad 11 (Zalmay, Former US Ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the UN and Former Director of Policy Planning @ the DOD, “The Economy and National Security,” February 8th, http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/259024/economy-and-national-security-zalmay-khalilzad?page=3) The stakes are high. In modern history, the longest period of peace among the great powers has been the era of U.S. leadership. …, hostile states would be emboldened to make aggressive moves in their regions. Our approach in Yemen is the litmus-test of future counter-terrorism strategy – the time is right for a strategy shift Cilluffo and Watts 2011 [Frank J. Cilluffo is the director of the Homeland Security Policy Institute at The George Washington University and Clinton Watts is a principal consultant at PA Consulting Group and a Senior Fellow at the Homeland Security Policy Institute. He is a former U.S. Army Officer and former Special Agent with the FBI., Homeland Security Policy Institute, “Yemen & Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula: Exploiting a Window of Counterterrorism Opportunity”, June 24, 2011, http://www.gwumc.edu/hspi/policy/issuebrief203_yemenAQAP.cfm] Debates over the legality of pursuing AQAP in Yemen through drones and SOF create unnecessary seams in our nation’s fight against … litmus test for creating a new long-run counterterrorism strategy in a post-bin Laden world. However, the present window of opportunity will close quickly – the U.S. must act now to prevent an inevitable attack from AQAP. The plan would be a shift to a more comprehensive approach – that’s critical to successful international cooperation Boyle and Scmid ‘9 (A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by the The New Ideas Fund, 2009 One of the greatest challenges currently facing the United States concerns how it should establish and manage global cooperation for key counter-terrorism goals. … The new Obama Administration has an unprecedented opportunity to shape international cooperation for years to come on key issues surrounding counter-terrorism This shift is critical to larger multilateral cooperation – there is a unique spillover effect Boyle and Scmid ‘9 (A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by the The New Ideas Fund, 2009 The war on terror has failed to become the dominant frame for American foreign policy, in part because these criticisms unsettled even steadfast American allies, … counter-balancing effects of American unilateralism would render even modest attempts at cooperation over security matters more difficult than it would have otherwise been. Only multilateral cooperation prevents great power wars that make extinction inevitable Gwynne Dyer, former senior lecturer in war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, 12/30/2004, The End of War, The Toronto Star, p. lexis The "firebreak" against nuclear weapons use that we began building after Hiroshima and Nagasaki has held for well over half a century now. … If they are obliged to play the traditional great-power game of winners and losers, then history will repeat itself and everybody loses. Yemeni based AQAP will strike Saudi oil facilities Murphy ’10 (AQAP’s Growing Security Threat to Saudi Arabia Jun 03, 2010 Caryle Murphy Caryle Murphy is an independent journalist based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A former reporter for the Washington Post, she was awarded the 1990 Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting. She is the author of Passion For Islam. AQAP is now a major security threat to Saudi Arabia, … it could be capable of planning and carrying out any atrocity—targeting oil facilities, residential compounds or targeting an official as they are threatening…This is their danger.” Attack on Saudi oil causes a global oil shock Sokolski ‘5 (Sokolski, Executive Director of the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center, 2005 (Henry, Testimony before the House International Relations Committee, 2/16, http://www.internationalrelations.house.gov/archives/109/sok021605.pdf) Iran also has a history of supporting terrorist activity in Saudi Arabia. Although only roughly 10 percent of Saudi Arabia’s population is Shia, this sect constitutes an overwhelming majority of the population living in Saudi Arabia’s key northern oil-producing region. Any terrorist action anywhere in Saudi Arabia, tho… cripple the world’s capacity to meet increased demand for oil internationally. Oil shock causes extinction Henderson ‘7 (Climate Change, Peak Oil And Nuclear War By Bill Henderson 24 February, 2007 Countercurrents.org A steep spike in the price of oil, … with a beginning arms race and tactical confrontation over weapons in space and even serious talk of pre-emptive nuclear attack. AQAP is gearing up for CBW attacks in India – they will be successful Roychowdhury 9/6 [Gen. Shankar Roychowdhury is a former Chief of Army Staff and a former member of Parliament, “India needs a 360° terror appraisal”, September 6, 2011, Deccan Chronicle, http://www.deccanchronicle.com/editorial/dc-comment/india-needs-360%C2%B0-terror-appraisal-659] . In this context, Al Qaeda and its emerging connections in Yemen have become very relevant for India. … target list, through local proxies like the LeT in Pakistan, including possible “ricin bomb” operations. So even as Mr Hazare wrestles with the threat of corruption to ensure good governance, India must take due note of other threats as well and exercise the requisite caution. Al Qaeda attacks in India will spark an Indo-pak war Dreazen ’10 [Yochi J. Dreazen, “Gates Warns of Militants in South Asia”, Wall Street Journal January 21, 2010, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704320104575014752587809016.html] NEW DELHI—U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates said al Qaeda is working with an array of local militant groups to … militants were trying to carry out strikes within India in hopes of provoking an Indian counterattack that could escalate into a new conflict between the two nations. Terrorism sparks Indo-pak nuclear war and causes extinction Zarate ’11 [Juan C. Zarate, Sunday, February 20, 2011, “An alarming South Asia powder keg”, Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/18/AR2011021805662.html] In 1914, a terrorist assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo - unleashing geopolitical forces and World War I. Today, while the United States rightly worries about al-Qaeda targeting the homeland, the most dangerous threat may be another terrorist flash point on the horizon. Lashkar-i-Taiba holds the match that could spark a conflagration between nuclear-armed … needs to disrupt the terrorist group's fundraising and planning. The focus should be on unearthing names and disrupting cells outside Pakistan that are tied to Lashkar-i-Taiba, Contention Two is Solvency Only law enforcement solves- studies and experts agree that law enforcement is key to short and long term success against AQAP Knoetgne ’11 [Peter Knoetgne, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, “Chaos and Terrorism: How to Fight al-Qaeda in Yemen Amid Political Turmoil”, May 16, 2011, http://www.cejiss.org/columns/chaos-and-terrorism-how-fight-al-qaeda-yemen-amid-political-turmoil, ] Any post-Saleh government will face a significant challenge in keeping the country from plunging into … agencies which truly understand policing operations should take the lead, with military or intelligence experts providing cultural, regional and international expertise. Only US action solves – critical to reverse Anti-Americanism which is the only way to defeat AQAP Green ’11 (Daniel Green, Soref fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, focusing on Yemen, al-Qaeda, counterinsurgency, and stability operations, “The American Moment in Yemen”, http://fikraforum.org/2011/04/the-american-moment-in-yemen/, April 18, 2011, LEQ) If the United States adopts a new approach to Yemen following President Saleh’s departure … the less likely al-Qaeda will have a safe haven within which to launch attacks against the United States. US law enforcement training is essential to information exchange- this is the only way to prevent terrorism Millar and Rosland ‘7 [Alistair Millar is the director of the Center on Global Counterterrorism Cooperation and Eric Rosand is a senior fellow at the Center on Global Counterterrorism Cooperation in New York and a non-resident fellow at New York University’s Center on International Cooperation, “Building Global Alliances in the Fight against Terrorism”, November 2007, http://www.globalct.org/images/content/pdf/reports/better_world.pdf] In the international effort to combat terrorism, it has become utterly … adapt to changing conditions as terrorists alter their tactics, and to track the activity of terrorist networks to thwart attacks in the planning stage before they can be executed. That information exchange mechanism is essential to succeeding against Al Qaeda Reveron ‘6 [Derek Reveron is an associated professor at the Naval War College, an editorial board member of the Defense Intelligence Journal, and a long-time intelligence analyst, “Old Allies, New Friends: Intelligence Sharing in the War on Terror”, Summer 2006, http://derekreveron.com/Documents/su04-reveron.pdf] Intelligence is the first line of defense against terrorirsm. … (arrest, interrogation, or kill). The United States simply does not have the resources or expertise to fight itself a long, complex war waged by terrorists with a global reach; a coalition offers the means to manage the “paradox of plenty” that the information revolution created. This is particularly true in Yemen – current US efforts will only succeed with information exchange Barfi ’10 [Barak Barfi is an independent analyst who has worked with ABC News affiliates in the Middle East, “How attacking AQAP influenced its strategy”, 2010, http://www.nato.int/docu/review/2010/Yemen/Yemen_AQAP/EN/] AQAP’s ability to survive the American-Yemeni campaign stems from a number of factors. Chief among them is the poor intelligence … America need to concentrate less on increasing firepower and more on cultivating manpower in the form of competent military allies and reliable local intelligence assets. Plan The Plan: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase its support for civil law enforcement in Yemen.	01/04/12
	GSU Doubles Tournament: GSU \| Round: D \| Opponent: \| Judge: eat aq weak Still a huge threat Brookes 9/13 [Peter Brookes is a Heritage Foundation senior fellow and a former deputy assistant secretary of defense, “Al-Qaeda neither down nor out globally”, Tuesday, September 13, 2011, http://www.bostonherald.com/news/opinion/op_ed/view/2011_0913al-qaeda_neither_down_nor_out_globally/] On the eve of Sunday’s 9/11 AND complacent about al-Qaeda or its cronies. AT – T – Democracy Assistance We meet – Counter interpretation – American democracy assistance includes aid for rule of law, civil society, elections and good governance McMahon ‘2, -Director, Center on Democratic Performance Department of Political Science Binghamton University-2 The Impact of U.S. Democracy and Governance Assistance in Africa: Benin Case Study http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PCAAB068.pdf U.S. Democracy Assistance Donor agencies AND a result of U.S. assistance. We meet – we are rule of law Timothy E. Wirth, Under Secretary Of State For Global Affairs, Prepared Statement Before The House International Relations Committee, December 1, 1995, http://www.archive.org/stream/democracyruleofl00unit/democracyruleofl00unit_djvu.txt At times, Mr. Chairman, the AND economy or protect the rights of its citizens. We meet – we’re governance The National Committee on American Foreign, Saltzman Institute of War and Peace at Columbia, The Atlantic Council-‗2008 ENHANCING DEMOCRACY ASSISTANCE http://www.acus.org/files/publication_pdfs/65/Enhancing%20Democracy%20Assistance.pdf For illiberal democracies, this report highlights the AND focus on democratic policing and human rights training. AT – EU CP Perm – Do both Perm – Do the CP Independently, our Boyle and Scmid evidence indicates that strategy shift is key to sustaining relations with the EU, Russia and China; Alliances prevent nuclear war Ross, Winter 1998/1999 (Douglas – professor of political science at Simon Fraser University, Canada’s functional isolationism and the future of weapons of mass destruction, International Journal, p. lexis) Thus, an easily accessible tax base has AND of avoiding warfare involving nuclear or other WMD. EU can’t solve intelligence cooperation or effective terrorism training Muller-Wille ‘8 [Björn Müller-Wille, Department of Defence and International Affairs, “The Effect of International Terrorism on EU Intelligence Co-operation”, JCMS 2008 Volume 46. Number 1. pp. 49–71, http://content.ebscohost.com/pdf19_22/pdf/2008/CMS/01Jan08/27785359.pdf?T=P&P=AN&K=27785359&S=R&D=bth&EbscoContent=dGJyMNXb4kSep7I40dvuOLCmr0mep7ZSs6e4S7WWxWXS&ContentCustomer=dGJyMPGutk2xrbNNuePfgeyx44Dt6fIA] International terrorism seems to have had very little AND , not a solution to the terrorist threat. Al Qaeda is gearing up for Cyber-attacks – they have the capability Leghari ’11 [Faryal Leghari is Assistant Editor (Opinion) of Khaleej Times, “Hit C for cyberterrorism”, Jan 29, 2011, http://www.yobserver.com/opinions/10020698.html] The defining word for the new age is AND it is time to shape our defenses accordingly. Cyber-terrorism causes multiple pathways to nuclear war Fritz ‘9 – researcher for International Commission on Nuclear Nonproliferation and Disarmament, former Army officer and consultant, and has a master of international relations at Bond University (Jason, “Hacking Nuclear Command and Control,” July, http://www.icnnd.org/latest/research/Jason_Fritz_Hacking_NC2.pdf) This paper will analyse the threat of cyber AND need for compromising command and control centres directly. AT – EU Soft Power EU Soft power high now – Libya proves Denyer 9/16 [Simon Denyer, Washington Post / September 16, 2011, “French, British leaders vow to help Libyans” http://www.boston.com/news/world/europe/articles/2011/09/16/sarkozy_cameron_vow_to_support_libya_help_find_khadafy/] TRIPOLI, Libya - President Nicolas Sarkozy of AND help had not come with any strings attached. No impact - EU’s lack of military power constrains soft power Gross, Institute for European Studies Research Fellow, 2008 [Dr. Eva, At the IES, she heads the research cluster 'EU foreign and security policy'. She also coordinates the University of Southern California (USC) Brussels Program 'Contemporary Issues in European Foreign and Security Policy'., "The limits of european soft power", google] When it comes to the growing profile and AND well as the political will to use them. AT: multiplank cp Turn – CP backfires – empirically it only makes AQAP stronger Gregory Johnsen is a former Fulbright Fellow in Yemen, is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University, “Drones Instead Of A Strategy”, July 21, 2011, http://bigthink.com/ideas/39394 As I understand the argument Cilluffo and Watts AND these individuals were easily replaced by new recruits. Links to politics – each plank - dems Seriously this would not even close to work Gude ’11 [Ken Gude, June 14, 2011, Misfiring at Al Qaeda in Yemen, Center for American Progress, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/06/yemen_drones.html] The Wall Street Journal and The Washington Post AND above risks making an already serious problem worse. The plan is key to training local law enforcement to prevent and respond to terror threats Thompson No Date [Bennie G. Thompson, Congressman “A Law Enforcement Assistance And Partnership (Leap) Strategy”, No Date, http://epic.org/privacy/fusion/leap.pdf] Second, major city law enforcement executives agree AND related costs associated with this public safety mission. This intelligence is crucial to thwarting agro-terrorism in the US – the impact is the collapse of agriculture and the economy Knowles et al. 2005 [“NIJ Research Report Defining Law Enforcement’s Role in Protecting American Agriculture from Agroterrorism”, Prepared for: National Institute of Justice, Washington, D.C., 30 June 2005, Researched and Written by: Terry Knowles Kansas Bureau of Investigation James Lane Ford County Sheriff’s Office Dr. Gary Bayens Washburn University Dr. Nevil Speer Western Kentucky University Dr. Jerry Jaax Kansas State University Dr. David Carter Michigan State University Dr. Andra Bannister Wichita State University] American agriculture represents a "soft" target AND enforcement's role in addressing threats targeting American agriculture. Collapse of ag causes great power wars Calvin ’98 (William, Theoretical Neurophysiologist – U Washington, Atlantic Monthly, January, Vol 281, No. 1, p. 47-64) The population-crash scenario is surely the AND lost the extra warming from the North Atlantic. Walter Russell Mead, NPQ's Board of Advisors, New Perspectives Quarterly, Summer 1992, p.30 What if the global economy stagnates-or AND than Germany and Japan did in the '30s. At skfta Asian leadership impossible- SKFTA can’t solve Chaulia ’11 (China Business Jul 30, 2011 Share \| More US opens regional trade gambit in Asia By Sreeram Chaulia Sreeram Chaulia is Professor and Vice Dean of the Jindal School of International Affairs in Sonipat, India, and the author of the new book, International Organizations and Civilian Protection: Power, Ideas and Humanitarian Aid in Conflict Zones (I.B. Tauris, London) The dysfunction of a divided government, wherein AND learnt, not taught, by the Americans. No Asian war Richard A. Bitzinger, Senior Fellow at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies and Barry Desker, Dean of the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies and Director of the Institute of Defense and Strategic Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 2009. Survival vol. 50 no. 6, “Why East Asian War is Unlikely,” p. Proquest Yet despite all these potential crucibles of conflict AND Asia – while not inconceivable – is unlikely. No US-China War – Economics Thomas Barnett, 2004, a former Professor and senior military analyst at the U.S. Naval War College, and a top advisor to SecDef Donald Rumsfeld, 2004, ("The Pentagon's New Map: War and Peace In The Twenty-First Century," Why China will never Risk War with the US over Taiwan...) (the following excerpt shows why war in AND of civilizations to clash with, does it. Solyndra thumps your disad. The Hill 9-18-11. Political fury over a failed $535 million AND believes is a political liability for President Obama. Political capital theory is wrong Dickinson, 09 – professor of political science at Middlebury College and taught previously at Harvard University where he worked under the supervision of presidential scholar Richard Neustadt (5/26/09, Matthew, Presidential Power: A NonPartisan Analysis of Presidential Politics, “Sotomayor, Obama and Presidential Power,” http://blogs.middlebury.edu/presidentialpower/2009/05/26/sotamayor-obama-and-presidential-power/, JMP) As for Sotomayor, from here the path AND power that cannot be measured through legislative boxscores. Not intrinsic – a logical policy maker can do the plan and pass skfta Jobs costing capital now FoxNews, 9/18 (GOP Frustration Grows With Obama Approach to Jobs, Deficit. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/09/18/gop-frustration-grows-with-obama-approach-to-jobs-deficit/) Republican frustration is growing with President Obama's revamped AND take a new tack before it's too late. Jobs is first on the docket after the recess The Hill, 9/18 (9/18/11, John T. Bennett, “Durbin: Senate likely won’t act on Obama’s jobs bill until Oct.” http://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/scheduling/182173-durbin-senate-likely-wont-act-on-obamas-jobs-bill-until-oct) The Senate likely will not take up President AND ,” he said, “and poised.” That’s before skfta Yonhap News, 9/16 (“(2nd LD) Free trade pact with U.S. introduced in parliamentary committee.” http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2011/09/16/78/0301000000AEN20110916010600315F.HTML) On Friday, Rep. Nam Kyung- AND ratify the pacts once they are submitted. No link – The plan wouldn’t be controversial – our evidence assumes the current climate Gard 9/7 [Lt. General Robert Gard's op-ed, "A funding cut that endangers America" was originally published in The Baltimore Sun on September 7, 2011, http://armscontrolcenter.org/policy/nuclearterrorism/a_funding_cut_that_endangers_america/] In a time of great political gridlock, AND terrorist groups that are actively seeking nuclear weapons. Fiat solves the link – plan passes immediately, no capital needed Winners win Singer 9 – editor of MyDD.com, J.D. candidate (Jonathan, 3/3. “By Expending Capital, Obama Grows His Capital.” http://mydd.com/2009/3/3/by-expending-capital-obama-grows-his-capital) Peter Hart gets at a key point. AND energy reform to ending the war in Iraq. Winners win outweighs everything Orstein ‘1 (Norman Ornstein (resident scholar, American enterprise institute) 9/10/2001 Roll Call In a system where a President has limited AND win and losers lose more often than not. Vote no – voting neg means the plan is introduced and voted down, Obama spends PC inevitably Turn – Leahy loves the plan Ken Dilanian, USA Today, “Yemen hasn't received as much U.S. aid as its neighbors” 1/5/2010, http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2010-01-05-yemen-aid_N.htm Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt AND priority to find effective ways to support them." Controls the agenda Laws, No Date [“ Who Is Patrick Leahy”, http://government-programs.laws.com/congress/senate/state-senator/patrick-leahy] Patrick Leahy is a Democratic Senator who was AND be the chairman of the Foreign Operations subcommittee. No link – plan goes to the bottom of the docket AT – Saudi Arabia DA Palestine vote thumps the disad Calabresi 9/13 [Massimo Calabresi, “Saudi Threatens U.S. Over Palestinian Statehood Veto”, September 13, 2011, Time Magazine, http://swampland.time.com/2011/09/13/saudi-threatens-u-s-over-palestinian-statehood-veto/?iid=sl-main-lede] Last night’s GOP presidential debate and the Eurozone AND with Washington in Afghanistan and Yemen as well.” Civil Society Assistance to Lebanon thumps the link. Galey 9-16. [Patrick, reporter based in Beirut, Lebanon, writing on security, environmental and social development issues, “USAID promises to empower civil society groups” Daily Star] The United States will focus its regional financial AND of $75 million provided by the organization. Egyptian aid should trigger the link Haas 9-14. [Lawrence, senior fellow for U.S. foreign policy at the American Foreign Policy Council, “LAWRENCE J. HAAS: Should the United States try to bring democracy to Libya?” Sacramento Bee] Recently, Washington has played an important role AND from Freedom House, a private nonprofit organization. No link – Saudi wouldn’t perceive the plan as a lurch towards democracy, rather an attempt to stop terrorism – they’d like that Saudi Arabia supports Saleh transition Horton ’11 (Michael Horton is a Senior Analyst for Arabian Affairs at The Jamestown Foundation where he specializes on Yemen and the Horn of Africa. He also writes for Jane’s Intelligence Review, Intelligence Digest, Islamic Affairs Analyst, and the Christian Science Monitor. Mr. Horton studied Middle East History and Economics at the American University of Cairo and Arabic at the Center for Arabic Language and Eastern Studies in Yemen. Michael frequently travels to Yemen, Ethiopia, and Somalia, The Jamestown Foundation, “The Unseen Hand: Saudi Arabian Involvement in Yemen”, http://global-security-news.com/2011/04/07/the-unseen-hand-saudi-arabian-involvement-in-yemen/, April 7, 2011, LEQ) The future of Yemen is inextricably linked to AND -Aziz ibn Saud are certainly worth remembering. 1AR Saudi Arabia would like the plan- they have turned their back on Saleh as a liability – this also proves our Saudi advantage Haykel ’11 (Bernard Haykel, Foreign Affairs, professor of Near Eastern Studies and the director of the Institute for the Transregional Study of the Contemporary Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia at Princeton University, “Saudi Arabia’s Yemen Dilemma”, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67892/bernard-haykel/saudi-arabias-yemen-dilemma, June 14, 2011, LEQ) Saudi Arabia, perpetually in fear of chaos AND will it work to establish in his place? US funding Yemen security forces now Sadeq Al-Wesabi, “The absence of effective counterterrorism legislation contributed to Yemen’s appeal as a safe haven for terrorists”, 8/29/2011, Yemen Times, http://www.yementimes.com/defaultdet.aspx?SUB_ID=36532 SANA’A, Aug 28 — A recent report AND the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP),” said the report Peaceful Reunification Now – no risk of conflict Ross ‘6 (Robert S. Ross, 2006, Professor of Political Science at Boston College and an Associate at the John King Fairbank Center for East Asian Research at Harvard University, March/April 2006, (Foreign Affairs, Taiwan's Fading Independence Movement, p. Lexis) Political developments in Taiwan over the past year AND security or threatening U.S. interests. Our studies are better – not key to the economy Chan, 12/7/2010 (Sewell, South korea trade deal unlikely to add jobs soon, New York Times, p. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/08/business/global/08korea.html?src=busln) The revised free-trade agreement with South AND grow slightly as a result of the agreement. Alliance is resilient – overcome major hurdles before Snyder 2008 -- director of the Center for U.S.-Korea Policy and senior associate of Washington programs in the International Relations program of The Asia Foundation (Scott, ASIAN PERSPECTIVE, Vol. 32, No. 2, 2008, pp. 93-113. “THE FUTURE OF U.S.-ROK RELATIONS: THE U.S. APPROACH.”) CMR Despite having experienced both a change in international AND cases managing these challenges has not been easy. No Asian prolif Dr. Christopher W. Hughes, Associate Professor @ University of Warwick “North Korea’s Nuclear Weapons: Implications for the Nuclear Ambitions of Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan,” Asia policy, number 3, January 2007, pg. 75–104 The above has analyzed how Japan, South AND withdrawing its extended deterrent from such potential proliferators. SKFTA will be done late october Yonhap News, 9/16 (“(2nd LD) Free trade pact with U.S. introduced in parliamentary committee.” http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2011/09/16/78/0301000000AEN20110916010600315F.HTML) On Friday, Rep. Nam Kyung- AND ratify the pacts once they are submitted. Err aff on uniqueness- future always uncertain for SKFTA Flake ’8-17 (L. Gordon Flake is the Executive Director of The Maureen and Mike Mansfield Foundation. Troy Stangarone is Director of Congressional Affairs and Trade for the Korea Economic Institute. By L. Gordon Flake & Troy Stangarone August 17, 2011 On more than one occasion over the past AND there are few certainties in the current Congress. Obama is already pushing jobs even if it isn’t first on the docket- still spending capital. US News & World Report, 9/12/11, http://www.usnews.com/opinion/articles/2011/09/12/will-congress-pass-obamas-jobs-bill Thursday evening, President Obama spoke to both AND we appear ready to hand him a win?" Econ policy thumps your da – ALL his pol cap will be spent due to partisan infighting PI 9/8 [Philedelphia Inquirer, “POINT: Don't expect miracles on job growth: Some steps could help, but don't expect miracles”, September 08, 2011, http://articles.philly.com/2011-09-08/news/30130709_1_jobs-plan-american-economy-rare-tax] The solution is to pump more money into AND get it will spend every penny of it. Econ concerns will drain Obama’s capital – its on the top of the docket PI 9/8 [Philedelphia Inquirer, “POINT: Don't expect miracles on job growth: Some steps could help, but don't expect miracles”, September 08, 2011, http://articles.philly.com/2011-09-08/news/30130709_1_jobs-plan-american-economy-rare-tax] The solution is to pump more money into AND get it will spend every penny of it. SKFTA not a priority for Obama – other things come first Bacchus 8/26 [James Bacchus, Former Member of Congress, “Export Drop Shows Need for New Trade Strategy”, 8/26/11, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/james-bacchus/export-drop-shows-need-fo_b_935478.html] To cite one example of why we need AND than a high priority for the current Administration. Everything thumps SKFTA – Jobs bill especially Kim 9/6 [Sukhan Kim senior partner specializing in international trade at Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP "Pushing the FTA to the finish line" koreajoongangdaily.joinsmsn.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2941157] There have been other political impediments to the AND these bills will further distract from the FTA. Plan would be spun as necessary to defeat Al Qaeda – no opposition Adam Entous and Siobhan Gorman, August 25, 2010, “U.S. Weighs Expanded Strikes In Yemen”, Wall Street Journal, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704125604575450162714867720.html Al Qaeda's central leadership and affiliates in Yemen AND a campaign against extremists that began last year. Winners win outweighs everything Orstein ‘1 (Norman Ornstein (resident scholar, American enterprise institute) 9/10/2001 Roll Call In a system where a President has limited AND win and losers lose more often than not. More evidence - lame duck proves Crowley 1/25 (Michael Crowley 1/25/11 (staff writer, TIME, " State of the Union Preview: Obama's Unofficial 2012 Kickoff ", http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2044249,00.html) That doesn't mean they aren't important. The AND (See pictures of Barack Obama's college years.)	01/04/12
	Kentucky-Round 5-1AC Tournament: Kentucky \| Round: 5 \| Opponent: Liberty GW \| Judge: L. Hill Plan The Plan: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase its support for civil law enforcement in Yemen. Indo-Pak 1AC – KY Contention One is Indo-Pak Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, or AQAP, is strong and planning attacks – Awlaki’s death had little effect on their operational capacity Ackerman 9/30 [Spencer Ackerman, “Qaida’s YouTube Preacher Is Killed In Yemen”, September 30, 2011, http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2011/09/awlaki-dead-yemen/] An American citizen responsible for … attacks in the US are expected.” AQAP is rapidly becoming a transnational threat – they have become the most potent branch of Al Qaeda Miller and Finn ‘10 [Miller and Peter Finn, Washington Post Staff Writers, “CIA sees increased threat from al-Qaeda in Yemen”, Tuesday, August 24, 2010, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/08/24/AR2010082406553_pf.html For the first time since the Sept. 11, 2001, … new options for carrying out strikes when a target is found. Yemen is the key linchpin of global Al Qaeda– they’re key to funding, recruiting, training, deployment, and are the refuge of last resort Scheuer ‘8 [Michael Scheuer is a former CIA intelligence officer, American blogger, historian, foreign policy critic, and political analyst. He is currently an adjunct professor at Georgetown University's Center for Peace and Security Studies, “Yemen’s Role in al-Qaeda’s Strategy”, Terrorism Focus Volume: 5 Issue: 5, February 7, 2008, http://www.jamestown.org/programs/gta/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=4708&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=246&no_cache=1] Osama bin Laden has always had a very soft … greatly affected by religious discourse” AQAP is gearing up for major attacks in India – they’ll be successful Roychowdhury 9/6 [Gen. Shankar Roychowdhury is a former Chief of Army Staff and a former member of Parliament, “India needs a 360° terror appraisal”, September 6, 2011, Deccan Chronicle, http://www.deccanchronicle.com/editorial/dc-comment/india-needs-360%C2%B0-terror-appraisal-659] In this context, Al Qaeda and its … well and exercise the requisite caution. India will retaliate by invading Pakistan – Abbottabad set a precedent Riedel ’11 [Bruce Riedel, “New Delhi's Abbottabad Mission”, June 22, 2011, National Interest, http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/new-delhis-abbottabad-mission-5508] President Obama was right and … Obama changed the ground rules on May 2, 2011. This scenario ensures escalation to nuclear war Zarate ’11 [Juan C. Zarate, Sunday, February 20, 2011, “An alarming South Asia powder keg”, Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/18/AR2011021805662.html] In 1914, a terrorist … flash points for broader geopolitical crises may be the greatest threat we face from terrorism. India Pakistan nuclear escalation is the most probable – next few years are key to prevent failure of deterrence Ricks ’11 (Senior fellow, Center for a New American Security, a bipartisan think tank that studies national security issues * Contributing editor, Foreign Policy magazine * Special military correspondent, the Washington Post * Author, Fiasco and The Gamble, about Iraq Graduated from Yale in 1977. The most likely apocalypse in our future: An Indian-Pakistani nuclear exchange Posted By Thomas E. Ricks Tuesday, March 8, 2011 - 10:42 AM Share) The point that all three panelists …enough next time. This is a global problem. Best new studies prove this would cause extinction Starr ’11 (Consequences of a Single Failure of Nuclear Deterrence by Steven Starr February 07, 2011 * Associate member of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation * Senior Scientist for PSR Only a single failure of nuclear … deployed U.S. and Russian nuclear forces. This scenario is the most likely scenario for escalation – US diplomacy wouldn’t solve Yusuf ’11 [Moeed Yusuf is South Asia adviser at the U.S. Institute of Peace, where he manages the institute’s Pakistan program. Previously, he was a research fellow at the Mossavar-Rahmani Center at Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government and a fellow at the Frederick S. Pardee Center at Boston University, “Banking on an Outsider: Implications for Escalation Control in South Asia”, June 2011, Arms Control Association, http://www.armscontrol.org/act/2011_06/Yusuf] The potential for confrontation between …to expect the worst from the other.[22] Escalation and nuclear use is likely – MAD doesn’t check Kapur ‘8 [S. Paul Kapur is Associate Professor in the Department of National Security Affairs at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School and a Faculty Affiliate at Stanford University’s Center for International Security and Cooperation. , “Ten Years of Instability in a Nuclear South Asia”, International Security, Vol. 33, No. 2 (Fall 2008), pp. 71–94] As noted above, nuclear weapons … dangers on the subcontinent in years to come. Tensions make Afghanistan instability and NATO failure inevitable Felbab-Brown ‘9 [Vanda Felbab-Brown, “The Implications of the Mumbai Attacks for Afghanistan,” Brookings/Tehran Times, December 3, 2009, at http://www.tehrantimes.com/Index_view.asp?code=183925] The bloody terrorist attacks in … Taliban, the disarmament of the various warlords. Failure in Afghanistan sparks multiple nuclear wars Carafano ’10 (Con: Obama must win fast in Afghanistan or risk new wars across the globe By JAMES JAY CARAFANO Saturday, Jan. 2, 2010 James Jay Carafano is a senior research fellow for national security at The Heritage Foundation and directs its Allison Center for Foreign Policy Studies. There’s little chance Kabul will become …is an easy option. Wars never are. Strategy Shift 1AC – KY Contention 2 is Strategy Shift Our approach in Yemen is the litmus-test of future counter-terrorism strategy – the time is right for a strategy shift Cilluffo and Watts ‘11 [Frank J. Cilluffo is the director of the Homeland Security Policy Institute at The George Washington University and Clinton Watts is a principal consultant at PA Consulting Group and a Senior Fellow at the Homeland Security Policy Institute. He is a former U.S. Army Officer and former Special Agent with the FBI., Homeland Security Policy Institute, “Yemen & Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula: Exploiting a Window of Counterterrorism Opportunity”, June 24, 2011, http://www.gwumc.edu/hspi/policy/issuebrief203_yemenAQAP.cfm] Debates over the legality of pursuing … must act now to prevent an inevitable attack from AQAP. Yemen will be the model going forward – experts agree Baldor ‘10 – Associated Press (Lolita C., 09/08, “US terror training in Yemen reflects wider program,” http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/politics/2012835332_apususterrorismtraining.html) At stake is the stability of a troubled, …. ebb and flow as terror incidents with a Yemen tie occur. A new focus on law enforcement cooperation is critical to successful international cooperation Boyle and Scmid ‘9 (A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by the The New Ideas Fund, 2009 One of the greatest challenges …counter-terrorism cooperation thus far. This shift is critical to larger multilateral cooperation – there is a unique spillover effect Boyle and Scmid ‘9 (A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by the The New Ideas Fund, 2009 The war on terror has failed to … than it would have otherwise been. Only multilateral cooperation prevents great power wars that make extinction inevitable Gwynne Dyer, former senior lecturer in war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, 12/30/2004, The End of War, The Toronto Star, p. lexis The "firebreak" against nuclear … history will repeat itself and everybody loses. Second is Southeast Asia Shifting strategies is critical to engaging Malaysia and Indonesia – absent a law enforcement focus they refuse to cooperate with us Comer ’11 [Charles "Ken" Comer, “The Parting of the Sulawesi Sea: U.S. Strategy and Transforming the Terrorist Transit Triangle”, March 2011, http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/call/docs/11-23/ch_13.asp] The need for multilateral cooperation … necessary resources to sustain it. That’s key to solve attacks on the strait of Malacca Garcia ‘4 [García, David U.S. Security Policy And Counter-Terrorism In Southeast Asia UNISCI Discussion Papers, Núm. 5, mayo-sin mes, 2004, pp. 1-12 Universidad Complutense de Madri, http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc/pdf/767/76712467003.pdf] U.S. counter-terrorist strategy is to …in Iraq and the tortures scandal 15 . Malacca disruption causes China conflict and kills relations Zubir ‘5 (Straits of Malacca disruption kills US-China relations The Straits of Malacca: the Rise of China, America’s Intentions and the Dilemma of the Littoral States by Mokhzani Zubir Researcher Centre for Maritime Security & Diplomacy Mohd Nizam Basiron Fellow Centre for Coastal & Marine Environment Maritime Institute of Malaysia April 2005 Perhaps, herein lies the real reason …Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Extinction Ratliff ’95 (William Ratliff, senior research fellow at the Hoover Institution, July 31, 1995, The Washington Times, “Long-term U.S.-China interests,” p. A21 Much of the growth and … essential to the prosperity if not the survival of the world. Contention Three is Solvency Only law enforcement solves- studies and experts agree that law enforcement is key to short and long term success against AQAP Knoetgne ’11 [Peter Knoetgne, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, “Chaos and Terrorism: How to Fight al-Qaeda in Yemen Amid Political Turmoil”, May 16, 2011, http://www.cejiss.org/columns/chaos-and-terrorism-how-fight-al-qaeda-yemen-amid-political-turmoil, ] If the Yemeni terror threat had …regional and international expertise. Only US action solves – key to reverse Anti-Americanism, critical to defeating AQAP Green ’11 (Daniel Green, Soref fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, focusing on Yemen, al-Qaeda, counterinsurgency, and stability operations, “The American Moment in Yemen”, http://fikraforum.org/2011/04/the-american-moment-in-yemen/, April 18, 2011, LEQ) If the United States adopts a …against the United States. US law enforcement training is essential to information exchange- this is the only way to prevent terrorism Millar and Rosland ‘7 [Alistair Millar is the director of the Center on Global Counterterrorism Cooperation and Eric Rosand is a senior fellow at the Center on Global Counterterrorism Cooperation in New York and a non-resident fellow at New York University’s Center on International Cooperation, “Building Global Alliances in the Fight against Terrorism”, November 2007, http://www.globalct.org/images/content/pdf/reports/better_world.pdf] In the international effort to … the globe could have devastating ripples into the United States. That information exchange mechanism is essential to succeeding against Al Qaeda Reveron ‘6 [Derek Reveron is an associated professor at the Naval War College, an editorial board member of the Defense Intelligence Journal, and a long-time intelligence analyst, “Old Allies, New Friends: Intelligence Sharing in the War on Terror”, Summer 2006, http://derekreveron.com/Documents/su04-reveron.pdf] Intelligence is the first …. information revolution created. This is particularly true in Yemen – current US efforts will only succeed with information exchange Barfi ’10 [Barak Barfi is an independent analyst who has worked with ABC News affiliates in the Middle East, “How attacking AQAP influenced its strategy”, 2010, http://www.nato.int/docu/review/2010/Yemen/Yemen_AQAP/EN/] AQAP’s ability to survive the American-AND on cultivating manpower in the form of competent military allies and reliable local intelligence assets	01/04/12
	USC Round 5 - 1AC Tournament: USC \| Round: 5 \| Opponent: Harvard DT \| Judge: Harrigan Contention 1 is Instability Current street protests are inevitable and will escalate – SCAF’s heavy hand is not sustainable Cook 11/22 [Steven A. Cook is the Hasib J. Sabbagh Senior Fellow for Middle Eastern Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations., November 22, 2011, Revolution 2.0, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/11/21/egypt_clashes_tahrir_scaf?page=full, AM] Yet even though some … could be the SCAF's own undoing. These protests make Egyptian instability inevitable Paciello ’11 [Maria Cristina Paciello is researcher for Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) in Rome and lecturer in Economic and Political Geography of Development at La Sapienza University of Rome, “Egypt: Changes and Challenges of Political Transition”, MEDPRO Technical Report No. 4/May 2011, http://www.ceps.eu/book/egypt-changes-and-challenges-political-transition] While the … that is Egypt’s transition to democracy, appear thus unpredictable. That makes regional war in the Middle East and Horn of Africa inevitable Copley 11 (Gregory O., Editor – Global Information System and Defense & Foreign Affairs Strategic Policy, “Strategic Ramifications of the Egyptian Crisis”, World Tribune, 2-1, http://www.worldtribune.com/worldtribune/ WTARC/2011/me_egypt0088_02_01.asp) In the preface to the … its partnership in the peace process with Israel; and so on. Horn of Africa instability causes major power wars Glick ‘7 (Dec. 10, 2007 Caroline Glick , THE JERUSALEM POST) The Horn of Africa … the states of Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan and Kenya. Middle East war causes extinction Russell 9 (Senior Lecturer in the Department of National Security Affairs @ Nava Postgraduate School (James, “Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prosepects for Nuclear War and Escalation in the Middle East,” Online) Strategic stability in the … region, with substantial risk for the entire world. Their defense is optimistic and based on out-dated assumptions London ’10 [Herbert I. London, President Emeritus of Hudson Institute, “The Coming Crisis in the Middle East”, June 23, 2010, http://www.hudson.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=publication_details&id=7101&pubType=HI_Opeds] The gathering storm in the …, Muslim and Maronite tend to believe in its veracity. That is a truly bad sign. Instability ensures oil spikes – that crashes the economy and causes war Katusa 12/6 [Marin Katusa, Chief Energy Investment Strategist, “Instability in the Middle East = Expensive Oil for the World”, 12/6/11, http://www.caseyresearch.com/cdd/instability-middle-east-expensive-oil-world] Egypt is the most populous and internationally … would be fleeting, though, because the only way to ride out a storm is to understand what drives it. Extinction Kemp ’10 [Geoffrey Kemp, Director of Regional Strategic Programs at The Nixon Center, served in the White House under Ronald Reagan, special assistant to the president for national security affairs and senior director for Near East and South Asian affairs on the National Security Council Staff, Former Director, Middle East Arms Control Project at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2010, “The East Moves West: India, China, and Asia’s Growing Presence in the Middle East”, p. 233-4] The second scenario, called … for two-thirds of the planet’s population. Judicial exchanges with the SCC are crucial to upholding global norms of Judicial Independence Slaughter ‘4 [Anne-Marie Slaughter, “A New World Order”, 2004, P. 99, http://books.google.com/ebooks/reader?id=WzG5qJM0AekC&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&pg=GBS.PR4, AM] Perhaps the clearest illustration … communications was the reminder: “I am not alone.”171 Judicial Independence is essential to stability in the short and long term- solves protests and genuine commitment to human rights treaties like the ICC IBAHRI ’11 [Justice at a Crossroads: The Legal Profession and the Rule of Law in the New Egypt, November 2011, Report of the International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI), Supported by the Open Society Institute, International Bar Association, accessed online, AM] Egypt’s judicial process since the revolution … the right to an independent and impartial judiciary under the ICCPR. Genuine endorsement of the ICC ensures long term stability Tawab ’11 [Ziad Abdel Tawab is an International Advocacy Adviser to the Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies and a member of its board of directors, Why Egypt should join the ICC, 4/12/11, http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/396347] One of underlying messages of the 2011 Egyptian … and political and economic prosperity. Towards this end, the ratification of the Rome Statute can be a crucial first step. US exchanges are key – only US influence is steeped in a deep rooted tradition of judicial independence Gur-Arie ‘9 [Mira Gur-Arie is director of the International Judicial Relations Office of the Federal Judicial Center, the education and research agency for the U.S. federal courts, 15 Oct 2009, “Judges Coming Together: International Exchanges and the U.S. Judiciary”, http://www.uspolicy.be/headline/judges-coming-together, AM] Visitors to the U.S. courts from … role of court administrators in the U.S. judiciary. The signal of the plan is sufficient to solve Kersch ‘6 [8/8/2006 The Supreme Court And International Relations Theory Ken I. Kersch* Assistant Professor of Politics, Princeton University] Many foreign policy liberals have … order with the emerging international one.77 Contention 2 is Judicial Leadership Judicial leadership has waned – judicial exchanges to Egypt are essential to reinvigorate global influence and solve Egyptian stability Suto ’11 [Ryan Suto is the Regional President of the American Constitution Society and recently moderated a panel discussion on the issue of WikiLeaks and the Constitution, Friday, July 15, 2011, “Judicial Diplomacy: The International Impact of the Supreme Court”, http://jurist.org/dateline/2011/07/ryan-suto-judicial-diplomacy.php, AM] The reasons for the American … and defend key legal concepts. This is an opportunity that should not be wasted. Action towards Egypt now is uniquely key – it’s the center of the judicial world IBAHRI ’11 [Justice at a Crossroads: The Legal Profession and the Rule of Law in the New Egypt, November 2011, Report of the International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI), Supported by the Open Society Institute, International Bar Association, accessed online] 20. Egypt has one of … in an ordinary Egyptian jail. Engaging Egyptian courts spills over – builds up global influence the court can use to influence other issues Obiyo ’11 [Chuki Obiyo runs a Finance & Strategy Practice at Corporate Executive Board, Jun-10-11, “Judicial Return on Investment”, http://myafricanplan.com/2011/06/judicial-return-on-investment/, AM] This paper argues that the … include passing a new law or signing a treaty that limits the potency of the ATS. Judicial leadership on the rule of law is key to terrorism, alliances, the economy, failed states, and hegemony Feldman ‘8 [Noah Feldman, a contributing writer for the magazine, is a law professor at Harvard University and an adjunct senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, When Judges Make Foreign Policy, September 25, 2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/28/magazine/28law-t.html?pagewanted=all, AM] Looking at today’s problem … often done the world over. Alliances prevent nuclear war Ross ’99 [Douglas Ross – professor of political science at Simon Fraser University, Winter 1998/1999, Canada’s functional isolationism and the future of weapons of mass destruction, International Journal, p. lexis] Thus, an easily accessible … nuclear or other WMD. Failed states cause multiple scenarios for extinction TI ‘7 [Transnational Institute A report prepared by: The African Studies Centre, Leiden, The Transnational Institute, Amsterdam, The Peace Studies Group (CES, University of Coimbra), and The Peace Research Center- CIP/FUHEM, Madrid “Failed and Collapsed States in the International System,” April] In the malign scenario of … attacks on their national security Terrorism sparks full scale nuclear wars Hellman ‘8 (Martin E. Hellman* * Martin E. Hellman is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University. His current project applies risk analysis to nuclear deterrence Nuclear proliferation … by the U.S. or Russia. Judicial Influence is critical to overall influence – absent participation, the US can’t project power effectively Frank ‘7 [Constitutional Interpretation Revisited: The Effects of a Delicate Supreme Court Balance on the Inclusion of Foreign Law in American Jurisprudence Danielj Frank* J.D. Candidate, The University of Iowa College of Law, 2007; B.A., Carleton College, 2001] Conservative politicians … appear to be a realistic option. Effective hegemony prevents nuclear war Barnett ’11 [Thomas Barnett, Professor, Warfare Analysis and Research Dept – U.S. Naval War College, 3/7/11, “The New Rules: Leadership Fatigue Puts U.S., and Globalization, at Crossroads,” http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8099/the-new-rules-leadership-fatigue-puts-u-s-and-globalization-at-crossroads] Events in Libya are a … from state-based conflicts. Judicial leadership is critical to the establishment of democracies globally – that solves all war Kersch ‘6 [8/8/2006 The Supreme Court And International Relations Theory Ken I. Kersch* Assistant Professor of Politics, Princeton University] Liberal theories of international … the question of how to integrate the domestic constitutional order with the emerging international one.77 Democracy prevents extinction Diamond ’95 (Larry Diamond, Hoover Institution senior fellow, co-editor of the Journal of Democracy, December 1995, A Report to the Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, “Promoting Democracy in the 1990s: Actors and Instruments, Issues and Imperatives,” http://wwics.si.edu/subsites/ccpdc/pubs/di/1.htm OTHER THREATS This hardly … prosperity can be built. Judicial influence is critical to effective US leadership on Climate Change Long ‘8 [Andrew Long, Assistant Professor of Law, Florida Coastal School of Law, Fall, 2008, 33 Wm. & Mary Envtl. L. & Pol'y Rev. 177, “Symposium Issue 1: Emission Not Accomplished: The Future of Carbon Emissions in a Changing World: Symposium Article: International Consensus and U.S. Climate Change Litigation”, accessed via lexus, AM] Enhancing U.S. International Leadership … international climate regime. US judicial leadership is crucial to avoid extinction from climate change Stephens ’10 (Tuesday 12 October 2010 Dr Tim Stephens, Faculty of Law, University of Sydney Launch of David Leary and Balakrishna Pisupati (eds), The Future of International Environmental Law (United Nations University Press, Tokyo, 2010) We are at a critical turning… in areas beyond national jurisdiction. Warming is real and anthropogenic EDF ‘9 [Environmental Defense Fund, a US-based nonprofit environmental advocacy group, “Global Warming Myths and Facts,” 1/13/2009, http://mrgreenbiz.wordpress.com/2009/01/13/global-warming-myths-and-facts-2/] There is no debate among … emissions in order to identify the most likely range for future climatic change. The United States Supreme Court should substantially increase its judicial exchanges with the Egyptian Supreme Constitutional Court.	01/04/12
	USC - Octos - New Plan Tournament: \| Round: \| Opponent: \| Judge: The United States federal judiciary should substantially increase its judicial exchanges with the Egyptian Supreme Constitutional Court.	01/07/12

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- Contention One Is Terrorism
  Al Qaeda is regrouping in Yemen – gearing up for new attacks
  Al-Arashi ‘11 [Fakhri Al-Arashi, Publisher & Chief Editor “Yemen Gives Wounded Al Qaeda A Chance To Regroup”, National Yemen, http://nationalyemen.com/2011/06/07/yemen-gives-wounded-al-qaeda-a-chance-to-regroup/, June 6, 2011]
  War in Yemen would hand al Qaeda’s boldest militants greater scope to attack the West and repair the group’s morale after … sophisticated explosives, and producing compelling online propaganda that instigates attacks by others..
  Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, or AQAP, is rapidly becoming a transnational threat – they have become the most potent branch of Al Qaeda
  Miller and Finn ‘10 [Miller and Peter Finn, Washington Post Staff Writers, “CIA sees increased threat from al-Qaeda in Yemen”, Tuesday, August 24, 2010, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/08/24/AR2010082406553_pf.html
  For the first time since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, CIA analysts see one of al-Qaeda's offshoots - …, an American-born cleric whose command of English and militant ambition have helped transform the Yemen organization into a transnational threat. Philip Mudd, a former senior official at the CIA and the FBI, argues in a forthcoming article that the threat of a Sept. 11-style attack has been supplanted by a proliferation of plots by AQAP and other affiliates. "
  Yemen is the key linchpin of global Al Qaeda– they’re key to funding, recruiting, training, deployment, and are the refuge of last resort
  Scheuer ‘8 [Michael Scheuer is a former CIA intelligence officer, American blogger, historian, foreign policy critic, and political analyst. He is currently an adjunct professor at Georgetown University's Center for Peace and Security Studies, “Yemen’s Role in al-Qaeda’s Strategy”, Terrorism Focus Volume: 5 Issue: 5, February 7, 2008, http://www.jamestown.org/programs/gta/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=4708&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=246&no_cache=1]
  Yemen has long figured prominently in the conduct of the defensive jihad in terms of manpower and geographic importance. Yemenis, for example, have had significant representation in al-Qaeda …, Yemen has long been regarded by Western and Muslim commentators as a possible refuge-of-last-resort if bin Laden ever has to flee South Asia—bin Laden also has stated such a possibility—and for this reason al-Qaeda must seek to maintain a viable presence in the country.
  Al Qaeda is on the verge of massive WMD attacks – leaked documents prove they have the capability
  Blake et al. 11 [Heidi Blake et al. is an investigative reporter for The Daily Telegraph. She was nominated for Young Journalist of the Year and Scoop of the Year in the 2010 British Press Awards Daily Telegraph, “WikiLeaks: al-Qaeda 'is planning a dirty bomb'”, February 2011, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/wikileaks/8296956/WikiLeaks-al-Qaeda-is-planning-a-dirty-bomb.html]
  
  Al-Qaida is on the verge of producing radioactive weapons after sourcing nuclear material and recruiting rogue scientists … security of the world’s only two declared smallpox stores in Atlanta, America, and Novosibirsk, Russia, has repeatedly been called into doubt by “a growing chorus of voices” at meetings of the World Health Assembly documented in the leaked cables. The alarming disclosures come after Barack Obama, the U.S. president, last year declared nuclear terrorism “the single biggest threat” to international security with the potential to cause “extraordinary loss of life”.
  Terrorism causes full scale nuclear conflict- preemption and miscalculation
  Ayson 10 – Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington (Robert, July. “After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects.” Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, Vol. 33, Issue 7. InformaWorld.)
  
  But these two nuclear worlds—a non-state actor nuclear attack and a catastrophic interstate nuclear exchange—are not necessarily separable. It is just possible that some sort of terrorist attack, and especially an act of nuclear terrorism, could precipitate a chain of events leading to a massive exchange of nuclear weapons … Moscow and/or China might mistakenly read this as a sign of U.S. intentions to use force (and possibly nuclear force) against them. In that situation, the temptations to preempt such actions might grow,
  Terrorism escalates to full scale nuclear war- retaliation and false flag attacks
  Hellman ‘8 (Martin E. Hellman* * Martin E. Hellman is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University. His current project applies risk analysis to nuclear deterrence
  Nuclear proliferation and the specter of nuclear terrorism are creating additional possibilities for triggering a … might even attempt to catalyze a full-scale nuclear war by disguising their act to look like an attack by the U.S. or Russia.
  
  Perception of US leadership against terrorism is key to the nuclear taboo- prevents nuclear war
  Bin ‘9 (5-22-09 About the Authors Prof. Li Bin is a leading Chinese expert on arms control and is currently the director of Arms Control Program at the Institute of International Studies, Tsinghua University. He received his Bachelor and Master Degrees in Physics from Peking University before joining China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP) to pursue a doctorate in the technical aspects of arms control. He served as a part-time assistant on arms control for the Committee of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND).Upon graduation Dr. Li entered the Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics (IAPCM) as a research fellow and joined the COSTIND technical group supporting Chinese negotiation team on Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). He attended the final round of CTBT negotiations as a technical advisor to the Chinese negotiating team. Nie Hongyi is an officer in the People’s Liberation Army with an MA from China’s National Defense University and a Ph.D. in International Studies from Tsinghua University, which he completed in 2009 under Prof. Li Bin. )
  The nuclear taboo is a kind of international norm and this type of norm is supported by the promotion of the norm through international social exchange. … caused by conflict, the nuclear taboo can also help both countries reduce suspicions about the nuclear weapons problem, avoid miscalculation and thereby reduce the danger of a nuclear war.
  AQAP is looking to acquire and use CBWs
  Baldor ’11 [Lolita C. Baldor, Associated Press, “U.S. Plans to Train Yemeni Counter-Terrorism Unit” Monday, February 14, 2011, http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/us-plans-train-yemeni-counter-terrorism]
  Senior U.S. intelligence officials told Congress Thursday that AQAP is committed to obtaining weapons of mass destruction, including chemical and biological agents. And the group is still focused on inspiring homegrown American militants to launch their own attacks from within the U.S. "The likelihood of obtaining a biological weapon is more likely than obtaining or producing a yield-producing nuclear device," National Counterterrorism Center director Michael Leiter said during a hearing Thursday. "I do think that the smaller-scale lone wolf attack with conventional weapons still stands out as the far more likely event." U.S. officials repeatedly have warned that AQAP is the most significant and immediate threat to America, largely through smaller-scale attacks. Leaders of the insurgent group post persistent threats online saying they intend to continue to plot and execute attacks, and urge others to do the same.
  CBW attacks are growing exponentially more likely and will cause ensure multiple scenarios for extinction
  Kellman ‘8 [Barry Kellman is the director of the International Weapons Control Center, “Bioviolence: A Growing Threat”, The Futurist, May-June 2008, http://www.wfs.org/March-April09/MJ2008_Kellman.pdf]
  . For exampl e , highly dangerous agents can be made resistant to vaccines or antibiotics…. Failing to do the right thing in response to these challenges could have dire consequences for all humanity.
  Independently, weaponized smallpox causes extinction
  Singer ‘1 [Clifford E. Singer, professor of nuclear engineering and director of the Program in Arms Control, Disarmament, and International Security - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001, Will Mankind Survive the Millennium?, p. http://www.acdis.uiuc.edu/research/S&Ps/2001-Sp/S&P_XIII/Singer.htm]
  There are, however, two technologies currently under development that may pose a more serious threat to human survival. The first and most immediate is biological warfare combined with genetic engineering. Smallpox is the most fearsome of natural biological warfare agents …, and thus the survival of a globally connected human family may be in question when and if this is achieved.
  And, collapse of genetic diversity causes extinction
  Fowler and Mooney ’90 [Cary Fowler and Pat Mooney, Rural Advancement Fund International, Shattering: Food, Politics, and the Loss of Genetic Diversity, 1990, p. ix]
  While many may ponder the consequences of global warming, perhaps the biggest single environmental catastrophe in human history is unfolding in the garden…. Reducing the diversity of life, we narrow our options for the future and render our own survival more precarious.
  CBW attack causes nuclear war from retaliation
  Conley ‘3 [Lt Col Harry W. Conley, USAF, “Not with Impunity: Assessing US Policy for Retaliating to a Chemical or Biological Attack”, Air & Space Power Journal - Spring 2003, http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj03/spr03/conley.html]
  . However, what if the casualty count was around 300,000? Such an unthinkable result …, nuclear retaliation would be more than just a possibility, whatever promises had been made.”48
  A successful terrorist attack would cause full scale US intervention in Yemen – that crushes hegemony
  Terrill ’11 [Dr. W. Andrew Terrill is a research professor at the U.S. Army War College, Carlisle Barracks PA, “Preventing Yemen from Becoming Fallujah”, November 1, 2010, http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/index.cfm/articles/Preventing-Yemen-from-Becoming-Fallujah/2010/11/1]
  This requirement may be especially clear when one considers the chain of events that could be set off if AQAP is eventually able to implement a spectacular terrorist event. … AQAP leaders clearly maintain a special hatred of the United States and they will seek to strike again soon.
  Decline causes nuclear great power conflict - empirical studies prove
  Khalilzad 11 (Zalmay, Former US Ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the UN and Former Director of Policy Planning @ the DOD, “The Economy and National Security,” February 8th, http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/259024/economy-and-national-security-zalmay-khalilzad?page=3)
  The stakes are high. In modern history, the longest period of peace among the great powers has been the era of U.S. leadership. …, hostile states would be emboldened to make aggressive moves in their regions.
  Our approach in Yemen is the litmus-test of future counter-terrorism strategy – the time is right for a strategy shift
  Cilluffo and Watts 2011 [Frank J. Cilluffo is the director of the Homeland Security Policy Institute at The George Washington University and Clinton Watts is a principal consultant at PA Consulting Group and a Senior Fellow at the Homeland Security Policy Institute. He is a former U.S. Army Officer and former Special Agent with the FBI., Homeland Security Policy Institute, “Yemen & Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula: Exploiting a Window of Counterterrorism Opportunity”, June 24, 2011, http://www.gwumc.edu/hspi/policy/issuebrief203_yemenAQAP.cfm]
  Debates over the legality of pursuing AQAP in Yemen through drones and SOF create unnecessary seams in our nation’s fight against … litmus test for creating a new long-run counterterrorism strategy in a post-bin Laden world. However, the present window of opportunity will close quickly – the U.S. must act now to prevent an inevitable attack from AQAP.
  The plan would be a shift to a more comprehensive approach – that’s critical to successful international cooperation
  Boyle and Scmid ‘9 (A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by the The New Ideas Fund, 2009
  
  One of the greatest challenges currently facing the United States concerns how it should establish and manage global cooperation for key counter-terrorism goals. … The new Obama Administration has an unprecedented opportunity to shape international cooperation for years to come on key issues surrounding counter-terrorism
  This shift is critical to larger multilateral cooperation – there is a unique spillover effect
  Boyle and Scmid ‘9 (A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by the The New Ideas Fund, 2009
  
  The war on terror has failed to become the dominant frame for American foreign policy, in part because these criticisms unsettled even steadfast American allies, … counter-balancing effects of American unilateralism would render even modest attempts at cooperation over security matters more difficult than it would have otherwise been.
  Only multilateral cooperation prevents great power wars that make extinction inevitable
  Gwynne Dyer, former senior lecturer in war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, 12/30/2004, The End of War, The Toronto Star, p. lexis
  The "firebreak" against nuclear weapons use that we began building after Hiroshima and Nagasaki has held for well over half a century now. … If they are obliged to play the traditional great-power game of winners and losers, then history will repeat itself and everybody loses.
  
  Yemeni based AQAP will strike Saudi oil facilities
  Murphy ’10 (AQAP’s Growing Security Threat to Saudi Arabia Jun 03, 2010 Caryle Murphy Caryle Murphy is an independent journalist based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A former reporter for the Washington Post, she was awarded the 1990 Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting. She is the author of Passion For Islam.
  AQAP is now a major security threat to Saudi Arabia, … it could be capable of planning and carrying out any atrocity—targeting oil facilities, residential compounds or targeting an official as they are threatening…This is their danger.”
  Attack on Saudi oil causes a global oil shock
  Sokolski ‘5 (Sokolski, Executive Director of the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center, 2005 (Henry, Testimony before the House International Relations Committee, 2/16, http://www.internationalrelations.house.gov/archives/109/sok021605.pdf)
  Iran also has a history of supporting terrorist activity in Saudi Arabia. Although only roughly 10 percent of Saudi Arabia’s population is Shia, this sect constitutes an overwhelming majority of the population living in Saudi Arabia’s key northern oil-producing region. Any terrorist action anywhere in Saudi Arabia, tho… cripple the world’s capacity to meet increased demand for oil internationally.
  Oil shock causes extinction
  Henderson ‘7 (Climate Change, Peak Oil And Nuclear War By Bill Henderson 24 February, 2007 Countercurrents.org
  
  A steep spike in the price of oil, … with a beginning arms race and tactical confrontation over weapons in space and even serious talk of pre-emptive nuclear attack.
  AQAP is gearing up for CBW attacks in India – they will be successful
  Roychowdhury 9/6 [Gen. Shankar Roychowdhury is a former Chief of Army Staff and a former member of Parliament, “India needs a 360° terror appraisal”, September 6, 2011, Deccan Chronicle, http://www.deccanchronicle.com/editorial/dc-comment/india-needs-360%C2%B0-terror-appraisal-659]
  . In this context, Al Qaeda and its emerging connections in Yemen have become very relevant for India. … target list, through local proxies like the LeT in Pakistan, including possible “ricin bomb” operations. So even as Mr Hazare wrestles with the threat of corruption to ensure good governance, India must take due note of other threats as well and exercise the requisite caution.
  Al Qaeda attacks in India will spark an Indo-pak war
  Dreazen ’10 [Yochi J. Dreazen, “Gates Warns of Militants in South Asia”, Wall Street Journal January 21, 2010, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704320104575014752587809016.html]
  NEW DELHI—U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates said al Qaeda is working with an array of local militant groups to … militants were trying to carry out strikes within India in hopes of provoking an Indian counterattack that could escalate into a new conflict between the two nations.
  Terrorism sparks Indo-pak nuclear war and causes extinction
  Zarate ’11 [Juan C. Zarate, Sunday, February 20, 2011, “An alarming South Asia powder keg”, Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/18/AR2011021805662.html]
  In 1914, a terrorist assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo - unleashing geopolitical forces and World War I. Today, while the United States rightly worries about al-Qaeda targeting the homeland, the most dangerous threat may be another terrorist flash point on the horizon. Lashkar-i-Taiba holds the match that could spark a conflagration between nuclear-armed … needs to disrupt the terrorist group's fundraising and planning. The focus should be on unearthing names and disrupting cells outside Pakistan that are tied to Lashkar-i-Taiba,
  Contention Two is Solvency
  Only law enforcement solves- studies and experts agree that law enforcement is key to short and long term success against AQAP
  Knoetgne ’11 [Peter Knoetgne, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, “Chaos and Terrorism: How to Fight al-Qaeda in Yemen Amid Political Turmoil”, May 16, 2011, http://www.cejiss.org/columns/chaos-and-terrorism-how-fight-al-qaeda-yemen-amid-political-turmoil, ]
  Any post-Saleh government will face a significant challenge in keeping the country from plunging into … agencies which truly understand policing operations should take the lead, with military or intelligence experts providing cultural, regional and international expertise.
  Only US action solves – critical to reverse Anti-Americanism which is the only way to defeat AQAP
  Green ’11 (Daniel Green, Soref fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, focusing on Yemen, al-Qaeda, counterinsurgency, and stability operations, “The American Moment in Yemen”, http://fikraforum.org/2011/04/the-american-moment-in-yemen/, April 18, 2011, LEQ)
  If the United States adopts a new approach to Yemen following President Saleh’s departure … the less likely al-Qaeda will have a safe haven within which to launch attacks against the United States.
  
  US law enforcement training is essential to information exchange- this is the only way to prevent terrorism
  Millar and Rosland ‘7 [Alistair Millar is the director of the Center on Global Counterterrorism Cooperation and Eric Rosand is a senior fellow at the Center on Global Counterterrorism Cooperation in New York and a non-resident fellow at New York University’s Center on International Cooperation, “Building Global Alliances in the Fight against Terrorism”, November 2007, http://www.globalct.org/images/content/pdf/reports/better_world.pdf]
  In the international effort to combat terrorism, it has become utterly … adapt to changing conditions as terrorists alter their tactics, and to track the activity of terrorist networks to thwart attacks in the planning stage before they can be executed.
  That information exchange mechanism is essential to succeeding against Al Qaeda
  Reveron ‘6 [Derek Reveron is an associated professor at the Naval War College, an editorial board member of the Defense Intelligence Journal, and a long-time intelligence analyst, “Old Allies, New Friends: Intelligence Sharing in the War on Terror”, Summer 2006, http://derekreveron.com/Documents/su04-reveron.pdf]
  Intelligence is the first line of defense against terrorirsm. … (arrest, interrogation, or kill). The United States simply does not have the resources or expertise to fight itself a long, complex war waged by terrorists with a global reach; a coalition offers the means to manage the “paradox of plenty” that the information revolution created.
  This is particularly true in Yemen – current US efforts will only succeed with information exchange
  Barfi ’10 [Barak Barfi is an independent analyst who has worked with ABC News affiliates in the Middle East, “How attacking AQAP influenced its strategy”, 2010, http://www.nato.int/docu/review/2010/Yemen/Yemen_AQAP/EN/]
  AQAP’s ability to survive the American-Yemeni campaign stems from a number of factors. Chief among them is the poor intelligence … America need to concentrate less on increasing firepower and more on cultivating manpower in the form of competent military allies and reliable local intelligence assets.
  Plan
  The Plan: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase its support for civil law enforcement in Yemen.

01/04/12

GSU Doubles
- Tournament: GSU | Round: D | Opponent: | Judge:
- eat aq weak
  Still a huge threat
  Brookes 9/13 [Peter Brookes is a Heritage Foundation senior fellow and a former deputy assistant secretary of defense, “Al-Qaeda neither down nor out globally”, Tuesday, September 13, 2011, http://www.bostonherald.com/news/opinion/op_ed/view/2011_0913al-qaeda_neither_down_nor_out_globally/]
  On the eve of Sunday’s 9/11
  AND
  complacent about al-Qaeda or its cronies.
  AT – T – Democracy Assistance
  We meet –
  Counter interpretation – American democracy assistance includes aid for rule of law, civil society, elections and good governance
  McMahon ‘2, -Director, Center on Democratic Performance Department of Political Science Binghamton University-2 The Impact of U.S. Democracy and Governance Assistance in Africa: Benin Case Study
  http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PCAAB068.pdf
  
  U.S. Democracy Assistance Donor agencies
  AND
  a result of U.S. assistance.
  We meet – we are rule of law
  Timothy E. Wirth, Under Secretary Of State For Global Affairs, Prepared Statement Before The House International Relations Committee, December 1, 1995, http://www.archive.org/stream/democracyruleofl00unit/democracyruleofl00unit_djvu.txt
  At times, Mr. Chairman, the
  AND
  economy or protect the rights of its citizens.
  We meet – we’re governance
  The National Committee on American Foreign, Saltzman Institute of War and Peace at Columbia, The Atlantic Council-‗2008 ENHANCING DEMOCRACY ASSISTANCE http://www.acus.org/files/publication_pdfs/65/Enhancing%20Democracy%20Assistance.pdf
  
  For illiberal democracies, this report highlights the
  AND
  focus on democratic policing and human rights training.
  AT – EU CP
  Perm – Do both
  Perm – Do the CP
  Independently, our Boyle and Scmid evidence indicates that strategy shift is key to sustaining relations with the EU, Russia and China;
  Alliances prevent nuclear war
  Ross, Winter 1998/1999 (Douglas – professor of political science at Simon Fraser University, Canada’s functional isolationism and the future of weapons of mass destruction, International Journal, p. lexis)
  Thus, an easily accessible tax base has
  AND
  of avoiding warfare involving nuclear or other WMD.
  EU can’t solve intelligence cooperation or effective terrorism training
  Muller-Wille ‘8 [Björn Müller-Wille, Department of Defence and International Affairs, “The Effect of International Terrorism on EU Intelligence Co-operation”, JCMS 2008 Volume 46. Number 1. pp. 49–71, http://content.ebscohost.com/pdf19_22/pdf/2008/CMS/01Jan08/27785359.pdf?T=P&P=AN&K=27785359&S=R&D=bth&EbscoContent=dGJyMNXb4kSep7I40dvuOLCmr0mep7ZSs6e4S7WWxWXS&ContentCustomer=dGJyMPGutk2xrbNNuePfgeyx44Dt6fIA]
  International terrorism seems to have had very little
  AND
  , not a solution to the terrorist threat.
  Al Qaeda is gearing up for Cyber-attacks – they have the capability
  Leghari ’11 [Faryal Leghari is Assistant Editor (Opinion) of Khaleej Times, “Hit C for cyberterrorism”, Jan 29, 2011, http://www.yobserver.com/opinions/10020698.html]
  The defining word for the new age is
  AND
  it is time to shape our defenses accordingly.
  Cyber-terrorism causes multiple pathways to nuclear war
  Fritz ‘9 – researcher for International Commission on Nuclear Nonproliferation and Disarmament, former Army officer and consultant, and has a master of international relations at Bond University (Jason, “Hacking Nuclear Command and Control,” July, http://www.icnnd.org/latest/research/Jason_Fritz_Hacking_NC2.pdf)
  This paper will analyse the threat of cyber
  AND
  need for compromising command and control centres directly.
  AT – EU Soft Power
  EU Soft power high now – Libya proves
  Denyer 9/16 [Simon Denyer, Washington Post / September 16, 2011, “French, British leaders vow to help Libyans” http://www.boston.com/news/world/europe/articles/2011/09/16/sarkozy_cameron_vow_to_support_libya_help_find_khadafy/]
  TRIPOLI, Libya - President Nicolas Sarkozy of
  AND
  help had not come with any strings attached.
  No impact - EU’s lack of military power constrains soft power
  Gross, Institute for European Studies Research Fellow, 2008
  [Dr. Eva, At the IES, she heads the research cluster 'EU foreign and security policy'. She also coordinates the University of Southern California (USC) Brussels Program 'Contemporary Issues in European Foreign and Security Policy'., "The limits of european soft power", google]
  When it comes to the growing profile and
  AND
  well as the political will to use them.
  AT: multiplank cp
  Turn – CP backfires – empirically it only makes AQAP stronger
  Gregory Johnsen is a former Fulbright Fellow in Yemen, is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University, “Drones Instead Of A Strategy”, July 21, 2011, http://bigthink.com/ideas/39394
  As I understand the argument Cilluffo and Watts
  AND
  these individuals were easily replaced by new recruits.
  Links to politics – each plank - dems
  Seriously this would not even close to work
  Gude ’11 [Ken Gude, June 14, 2011, Misfiring at Al Qaeda in Yemen, Center for American Progress, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/06/yemen_drones.html]
  
  The Wall Street Journal and The Washington Post
  AND
  above risks making an already serious problem worse.
  The plan is key to training local law enforcement to prevent and respond to terror threats
  Thompson No Date [Bennie G. Thompson, Congressman “A Law Enforcement Assistance And Partnership (Leap) Strategy”, No Date, http://epic.org/privacy/fusion/leap.pdf]
  
  Second, major city law enforcement executives agree
  AND
  related costs associated with this public safety mission.
  This intelligence is crucial to thwarting agro-terrorism in the US – the impact is the collapse of agriculture and the economy
  Knowles et al. 2005 [“NIJ Research Report Defining Law Enforcement’s Role in Protecting American Agriculture from Agroterrorism”, Prepared for: National Institute of Justice, Washington, D.C., 30 June 2005, Researched and Written by: Terry Knowles Kansas Bureau of Investigation James Lane Ford County Sheriff’s Office Dr. Gary Bayens Washburn University Dr. Nevil Speer Western Kentucky University Dr. Jerry Jaax Kansas State University Dr. David Carter Michigan State University Dr. Andra Bannister Wichita State University]
  American agriculture represents a "soft" target
  AND
  enforcement's role in addressing threats targeting American agriculture.
  Collapse of ag causes great power wars
  Calvin ’98 (William, Theoretical Neurophysiologist – U Washington, Atlantic Monthly, January, Vol 281, No. 1, p. 47-64)
  The population-crash scenario is surely the
  AND
  lost the extra warming from the North Atlantic.
  Walter Russell Mead, NPQ's Board of Advisors, New Perspectives Quarterly, Summer 1992, p.30
  What if the global economy stagnates-or
  AND
  than Germany and Japan did in the '30s.
  At skfta
  Asian leadership impossible- SKFTA can’t solve
  Chaulia ’11 (China Business   Jul 30, 2011 Share | More   US opens regional trade gambit in Asia By Sreeram Chaulia Sreeram Chaulia is Professor and Vice Dean of the Jindal School of International Affairs in Sonipat, India, and the author of the new book, International Organizations and Civilian Protection: Power, Ideas and Humanitarian Aid in Conflict Zones (I.B. Tauris, London)
  The dysfunction of a divided government, wherein
  AND
  learnt, not taught, by the Americans.
  No Asian war
  Richard A. Bitzinger, Senior Fellow at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies and Barry Desker, Dean of the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies and Director of the Institute of Defense and Strategic Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 2009. Survival vol. 50 no. 6, “Why East Asian War is Unlikely,” p. Proquest
  Yet despite all these potential crucibles of conflict
  AND
  Asia – while not inconceivable – is unlikely.
  No US-China War – Economics
  Thomas Barnett, 2004, a former Professor and senior military analyst at the U.S. Naval War College, and a top advisor to SecDef Donald Rumsfeld, 2004, ("The Pentagon's New Map: War and Peace In The Twenty-First Century," Why China will never Risk War with the US over Taiwan...)
  (the following excerpt shows why war in
  AND
  of civilizations to clash with, does it.
  Solyndra thumps your disad.
  The Hill 9-18-11.
  Political fury over a failed $535 million
  AND
  believes is a political liability for President Obama.
  Political capital theory is wrong
  Dickinson, 09 – professor of political science at Middlebury College and taught previously at Harvard University where he worked under the supervision of presidential scholar Richard Neustadt (5/26/09, Matthew, Presidential Power: A NonPartisan Analysis of Presidential Politics, “Sotomayor, Obama and Presidential Power,” http://blogs.middlebury.edu/presidentialpower/2009/05/26/sotamayor-obama-and-presidential-power/, JMP)
  As for Sotomayor, from here the path
  AND
  power that cannot be measured through legislative boxscores.
  Not intrinsic – a logical policy maker can do the plan and pass skfta
  Jobs costing capital now
  FoxNews, 9/18 (GOP Frustration Grows With Obama Approach to Jobs, Deficit. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/09/18/gop-frustration-grows-with-obama-approach-to-jobs-deficit/)
  Republican frustration is growing with President Obama's revamped
  AND
  take a new tack before it's too late.
  Jobs is first on the docket after the recess
  The Hill, 9/18 (9/18/11, John T. Bennett, “Durbin: Senate likely won’t act on Obama’s jobs bill until Oct.” http://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/scheduling/182173-durbin-senate-likely-wont-act-on-obamas-jobs-bill-until-oct)
  The Senate likely will not take up President
  AND
  ,” he said, “and poised.”
  That’s before skfta
  Yonhap News, 9/16 (“(2nd LD) Free trade pact with U.S. introduced in parliamentary committee.” http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2011/09/16/78/0301000000AEN20110916010600315F.HTML)
  On Friday, Rep. Nam Kyung-
  AND
  ratify the pacts once they are submitted.
  No link – The plan wouldn’t be controversial – our evidence assumes the current climate
  Gard 9/7 [Lt. General Robert Gard's op-ed, "A funding cut that endangers America" was originally published in The Baltimore Sun on September 7, 2011, http://armscontrolcenter.org/policy/nuclearterrorism/a_funding_cut_that_endangers_america/]
  In a time of great political gridlock,
  AND
  terrorist groups that are actively seeking nuclear weapons.
  Fiat solves the link – plan passes immediately, no capital needed
  Winners win
  Singer 9 – editor of MyDD.com, J.D. candidate (Jonathan, 3/3. “By Expending Capital, Obama Grows His Capital.” http://mydd.com/2009/3/3/by-expending-capital-obama-grows-his-capital)
  Peter Hart gets at a key point.
  AND
  energy reform to ending the war in Iraq.
  Winners win outweighs everything
  Orstein ‘1 (Norman Ornstein (resident scholar, American enterprise institute) 9/10/2001 Roll Call
  In a system where a President has limited
  AND
  win and losers lose more often than not.
  Vote no – voting neg means the plan is introduced and voted down, Obama spends PC inevitably
  Turn – Leahy loves the plan
  Ken Dilanian, USA Today, “Yemen hasn't received as much U.S. aid as its neighbors” 1/5/2010, http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2010-01-05-yemen-aid_N.htm
  Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt
  AND
  priority to find effective ways to support them."
  Controls the agenda
  Laws, No Date [“ Who Is Patrick Leahy”, http://government-programs.laws.com/congress/senate/state-senator/patrick-leahy]
  Patrick Leahy is a Democratic Senator who was
  AND
  be the chairman of the Foreign Operations subcommittee.
  No link – plan goes to the bottom of the docket
  AT – Saudi Arabia DA
  Palestine vote thumps the disad
  Calabresi 9/13 [Massimo Calabresi, “Saudi Threatens U.S. Over Palestinian Statehood Veto”, September 13, 2011, Time Magazine, http://swampland.time.com/2011/09/13/saudi-threatens-u-s-over-palestinian-statehood-veto/?iid=sl-main-lede]
  Last night’s GOP presidential debate and the Eurozone
  AND
  with Washington in Afghanistan and Yemen as well.”
  Civil Society Assistance to Lebanon thumps the link.
  Galey 9-16. [Patrick, reporter based in Beirut, Lebanon, writing on security, environmental and social development issues, “USAID promises to empower civil society groups” Daily Star]
  The United States will focus its regional financial
  AND
  of $75 million provided by the organization.
  Egyptian aid should trigger the link
  Haas 9-14. [Lawrence, senior fellow for U.S. foreign policy at the American Foreign Policy Council, “LAWRENCE J. HAAS: Should the United States try to bring democracy to Libya?” Sacramento Bee]
  Recently, Washington has played an important role
  AND
  from Freedom House, a private nonprofit organization.
  No link – Saudi wouldn’t perceive the plan as a lurch towards democracy, rather an attempt to stop terrorism – they’d like that
  Saudi Arabia supports Saleh transition
  Horton ’11 (Michael Horton is a Senior Analyst for Arabian Affairs at The Jamestown Foundation where he specializes on Yemen and the Horn of Africa. He also writes for Jane’s Intelligence Review, Intelligence Digest, Islamic Affairs Analyst, and the Christian Science Monitor. Mr. Horton studied Middle East History and Economics at the American University of Cairo and Arabic at the Center for Arabic Language and Eastern Studies in Yemen. Michael frequently travels to Yemen, Ethiopia, and Somalia, The Jamestown Foundation, “The Unseen Hand: Saudi Arabian Involvement in Yemen”, http://global-security-news.com/2011/04/07/the-unseen-hand-saudi-arabian-involvement-in-yemen/, April 7, 2011, LEQ)
  The future of Yemen is inextricably linked to
  AND
  -Aziz ibn Saud are certainly worth remembering.
  1AR
  Saudi Arabia would like the plan- they have turned their back on Saleh as a liability – this also proves our Saudi advantage
  Haykel ’11 (Bernard Haykel, Foreign Affairs, professor of Near Eastern Studies and the director of the Institute for the Transregional Study of the Contemporary Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia at Princeton University, “Saudi Arabia’s Yemen Dilemma”, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67892/bernard-haykel/saudi-arabias-yemen-dilemma, June 14, 2011, LEQ)
  
  Saudi Arabia, perpetually in fear of chaos
  AND
  will it work to establish in his place?
  US funding Yemen security forces now
  Sadeq Al-Wesabi, “The absence of effective counterterrorism legislation contributed to Yemen’s appeal as a safe haven for terrorists”, 8/29/2011, Yemen Times, http://www.yementimes.com/defaultdet.aspx?SUB_ID=36532
  SANA’A, Aug 28 — A recent report
  AND
  the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP),” said the report
  Peaceful Reunification Now – no risk of conflict
  Ross ‘6 (Robert S. Ross, 2006, Professor of Political Science at Boston College and an Associate at the John King Fairbank Center for East Asian Research at Harvard University, March/April 2006, (Foreign Affairs, Taiwan's Fading Independence Movement, p. Lexis)
  Political developments in Taiwan over the past year
  AND
  security or threatening U.S. interests.
  Our studies are better – not key to the economy
  Chan, 12/7/2010 (Sewell, South korea trade deal unlikely to add jobs soon, New York Times, p. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/08/business/global/08korea.html?src=busln)
  The revised free-trade agreement with South
  AND
  grow slightly as a result of the agreement.
  Alliance is resilient – overcome major hurdles before
  Snyder 2008 -- director of the Center for U.S.-Korea Policy and senior associate of Washington programs in the International Relations program of The Asia Foundation (Scott, ASIAN PERSPECTIVE, Vol. 32, No. 2, 2008, pp. 93-113. “THE FUTURE OF U.S.-ROK RELATIONS: THE U.S. APPROACH.”) CMR
  Despite having experienced both a change in international
  AND
  cases managing these challenges has not been easy.
  No Asian prolif
  Dr. Christopher W. Hughes, Associate Professor @ University of Warwick “North Korea’s Nuclear Weapons: Implications for the Nuclear Ambitions of Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan,” Asia policy, number 3, January 2007, pg. 75–104
  The above has analyzed how Japan, South
  AND
  withdrawing its extended deterrent from such potential proliferators.
  SKFTA will be done late october
  Yonhap News, 9/16 (“(2nd LD) Free trade pact with U.S. introduced in parliamentary committee.” http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2011/09/16/78/0301000000AEN20110916010600315F.HTML)
  On Friday, Rep. Nam Kyung-
  AND
  ratify the pacts once they are submitted.
  Err aff on uniqueness- future always uncertain for SKFTA
  Flake ’8-17 (L. Gordon Flake is the Executive Director of The Maureen and Mike Mansfield Foundation. Troy Stangarone is Director of Congressional Affairs and Trade for the Korea Economic Institute. By L. Gordon Flake & Troy Stangarone August 17, 2011
  On more than one occasion over the past
  AND
  there are few certainties in the current Congress.
  Obama is already pushing jobs even if it isn’t first on the docket- still spending capital.
  US News & World Report, 9/12/11, http://www.usnews.com/opinion/articles/2011/09/12/will-congress-pass-obamas-jobs-bill
  Thursday evening, President Obama spoke to both
  AND
  we appear ready to hand him a win?"
  Econ policy thumps your da – ALL his pol cap will be spent due to partisan infighting
  PI 9/8 [Philedelphia Inquirer, “POINT: Don't expect miracles on job growth: Some steps could help, but don't expect miracles”, September 08, 2011, http://articles.philly.com/2011-09-08/news/30130709_1_jobs-plan-american-economy-rare-tax]
  
  The solution is to pump more money into
  AND
  get it will spend every penny of it.
  Econ concerns will drain Obama’s capital – its on the top of the docket
  PI 9/8 [Philedelphia Inquirer, “POINT: Don't expect miracles on job growth: Some steps could help, but don't expect miracles”, September 08, 2011, http://articles.philly.com/2011-09-08/news/30130709_1_jobs-plan-american-economy-rare-tax]
  
  The solution is to pump more money into
  AND
  get it will spend every penny of it.
  SKFTA not a priority for Obama – other things come first
  Bacchus 8/26 [James Bacchus, Former Member of Congress, “Export Drop Shows Need for New Trade Strategy”, 8/26/11, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/james-bacchus/export-drop-shows-need-fo_b_935478.html]
  
  To cite one example of why we need
  AND
  than a high priority for the current Administration.
  Everything thumps SKFTA – Jobs bill especially
  Kim 9/6 [Sukhan Kim senior partner specializing in international trade at Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP "Pushing the FTA to the finish line" koreajoongangdaily.joinsmsn.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=2941157]
  
  There have been other political impediments to the
  AND
  these bills will further distract from the FTA.
  Plan would be spun as necessary to defeat Al Qaeda – no opposition
  Adam Entous and Siobhan Gorman, August 25, 2010, “U.S. Weighs Expanded Strikes In Yemen”, Wall Street Journal, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704125604575450162714867720.html
  
  Al Qaeda's central leadership and affiliates in Yemen
  AND
  a campaign against extremists that began last year.
  Winners win outweighs everything
  Orstein ‘1 (Norman Ornstein (resident scholar, American enterprise institute) 9/10/2001 Roll Call
  In a system where a President has limited
  AND
  win and losers lose more often than not.
  More evidence - lame duck proves
  Crowley 1/25 (Michael Crowley 1/25/11 (staff writer, TIME, " State of the Union Preview: Obama's Unofficial 2012 Kickoff ", http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2044249,00.html)
  That doesn't mean they aren't important. The
  AND
  (See pictures of Barack Obama's college years.)

01/04/12

Kentucky-Round 5-1AC
- Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 5 | Opponent: Liberty GW | Judge: L. Hill
- Plan
  
  The Plan: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase its support for civil law enforcement in Yemen.
  
  Indo-Pak 1AC – KY
  
  Contention One is Indo-Pak
  
  Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, or AQAP, is strong and planning attacks – Awlaki’s death had little effect on their operational capacity
  Ackerman 9/30 [Spencer Ackerman, “Qaida’s YouTube Preacher Is Killed In Yemen”, September 30, 2011, http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2011/09/awlaki-dead-yemen/]
  
  An American citizen responsible for … attacks in the US are expected.”
  
  AQAP is rapidly becoming a transnational threat – they have become the most potent branch of Al Qaeda
  Miller and Finn ‘10 [Miller and Peter Finn, Washington Post Staff Writers, “CIA sees increased threat from al-Qaeda in Yemen”, Tuesday, August 24, 2010, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/08/24/AR2010082406553_pf.html
  
  For the first time since the Sept. 11, 2001, … new options for carrying out strikes when a target is found.
  
  Yemen is the key linchpin of global Al Qaeda– they’re key to funding, recruiting, training, deployment, and are the refuge of last resort
  Scheuer ‘8 [Michael Scheuer is a former CIA intelligence officer, American blogger, historian, foreign policy critic, and political analyst. He is currently an adjunct professor at Georgetown University's Center for Peace and Security Studies, “Yemen’s Role in al-Qaeda’s Strategy”, Terrorism Focus Volume: 5 Issue: 5, February 7, 2008, http://www.jamestown.org/programs/gta/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=4708&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=246&no_cache=1]
  
  Osama bin Laden has always had a very soft … greatly affected by religious discourse”
  
  AQAP is gearing up for major attacks in India – they’ll be successful
  Roychowdhury 9/6 [Gen. Shankar Roychowdhury is a former Chief of Army Staff and a former member of Parliament, “India needs a 360° terror appraisal”, September 6, 2011, Deccan Chronicle, http://www.deccanchronicle.com/editorial/dc-comment/india-needs-360%C2%B0-terror-appraisal-659]
  
  In this context, Al Qaeda and its … well and exercise the requisite caution.
  
  India will retaliate by invading Pakistan – Abbottabad set a precedent
  Riedel ’11 [Bruce Riedel, “New Delhi's Abbottabad Mission”, June 22, 2011, National Interest, http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/new-delhis-abbottabad-mission-5508]
  
  President Obama was right and … Obama changed the ground rules on May 2, 2011.
  
  This scenario ensures escalation to nuclear war
  Zarate ’11 [Juan C. Zarate, Sunday, February 20, 2011, “An alarming South Asia powder keg”, Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/18/AR2011021805662.html]
  
  In 1914, a terrorist … flash points for broader geopolitical crises may be the greatest threat we face from terrorism.
  
  India Pakistan nuclear escalation is the most probable – next few years are key to prevent failure of deterrence
  Ricks ’11 (Senior fellow, Center for a New American Security, a bipartisan think tank that studies national security issues * Contributing editor, Foreign Policy magazine * Special military correspondent, the Washington Post * Author, Fiasco and The Gamble, about Iraq Graduated from Yale in 1977. The most likely apocalypse in our future: An Indian-Pakistani nuclear exchange Posted By Thomas E. Ricks Tuesday, March 8, 2011 - 10:42 AM Share)
  
  The point that all three panelists …enough next time. This is a global problem.
  
  Best new studies prove this would cause extinction
  Starr ’11 (Consequences of a Single Failure of Nuclear Deterrence by Steven Starr February 07, 2011      * Associate member of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation     * Senior Scientist for PSR
  
  Only a single failure of nuclear … deployed U.S. and Russian nuclear forces.
  
  This scenario is the most likely scenario for escalation – US diplomacy wouldn’t solve
  Yusuf ’11 [Moeed Yusuf is South Asia adviser at the U.S. Institute of Peace, where he manages the institute’s Pakistan program. Previously, he was a research fellow at the Mossavar-Rahmani Center at Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government and a fellow at the Frederick S. Pardee Center at Boston University, “Banking on an Outsider: Implications for Escalation Control in South Asia”, June 2011, Arms Control Association, http://www.armscontrol.org/act/2011_06/Yusuf]
  
  The potential for confrontation between …to expect the worst from the other.[22]
  
  Escalation and nuclear use is likely – MAD doesn’t check
  Kapur ‘8 [S. Paul Kapur is Associate Professor in the Department of National Security Affairs at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School and a Faculty Affiliate at Stanford University’s Center for International Security and Cooperation. , “Ten Years of Instability in a Nuclear South Asia”, International Security, Vol. 33, No. 2 (Fall 2008), pp. 71–94]
  
  As noted above, nuclear weapons … dangers on the subcontinent in years to come.
  
  Tensions make Afghanistan instability and NATO failure inevitable
  Felbab-Brown ‘9 [Vanda Felbab-Brown, “The Implications of the Mumbai Attacks for Afghanistan,” Brookings/Tehran Times, December 3, 2009, at http://www.tehrantimes.com/Index_view.asp?code=183925]
  
  The bloody terrorist attacks in … Taliban, the disarmament of the various warlords.
  
  Failure in Afghanistan sparks multiple nuclear wars
  Carafano ’10 (Con: Obama must win fast in Afghanistan or risk new wars across the globe By JAMES JAY CARAFANO   Saturday, Jan. 2, 2010 James Jay Carafano is a senior research fellow for national security at The Heritage Foundation and directs its Allison Center for Foreign Policy Studies.
  
  There’s little chance Kabul will become …is an easy option. Wars never are.
  
  Strategy Shift 1AC – KY
  
  Contention 2 is Strategy Shift
  
  Our approach in Yemen is the litmus-test of future counter-terrorism strategy – the time is right for a strategy shift
  Cilluffo and Watts ‘11 [Frank J. Cilluffo is the director of the Homeland Security Policy Institute at The George Washington University and Clinton Watts is a principal consultant at PA Consulting Group and a Senior Fellow at the Homeland Security Policy Institute. He is a former U.S. Army Officer and former Special Agent with the FBI., Homeland Security Policy Institute, “Yemen & Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula: Exploiting a Window of Counterterrorism Opportunity”, June 24, 2011, http://www.gwumc.edu/hspi/policy/issuebrief203_yemenAQAP.cfm]
  
  Debates over the legality of pursuing … must act now to prevent an inevitable attack from AQAP.
  
  Yemen will be the model going forward – experts agree
  Baldor ‘10 – Associated Press (Lolita C., 09/08, “US terror training in Yemen reflects wider program,” http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/politics/2012835332_apususterrorismtraining.html)
  
  At stake is the stability of a troubled, …. ebb and flow as terror incidents with a Yemen tie occur.
  
  A new focus on law enforcement cooperation is critical to successful international cooperation
  Boyle and Scmid ‘9 (A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by the The New Ideas Fund, 2009
  
  One of the greatest challenges …counter-terrorism cooperation thus far.
  
  This shift is critical to larger multilateral cooperation – there is a unique spillover effect
  Boyle and Scmid ‘9 (A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by the The New Ideas Fund, 2009
  
  The war on terror has failed to … than it would have otherwise been.
  
  Only multilateral cooperation prevents great power wars that make extinction inevitable
  Gwynne Dyer, former senior lecturer in war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, 12/30/2004, The End of War, The Toronto Star, p. lexis
  
  The "firebreak" against nuclear … history will repeat itself and everybody loses.
  
  Second is Southeast Asia
  
  Shifting strategies is critical to engaging Malaysia and Indonesia – absent a law enforcement focus they refuse to cooperate with us
  Comer ’11 [Charles "Ken" Comer, “The Parting of the Sulawesi Sea: U.S. Strategy and Transforming the Terrorist Transit Triangle”, March 2011, http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/call/docs/11-23/ch_13.asp]
  
  The need for multilateral cooperation … necessary resources to sustain it.
  
  That’s key to solve attacks on the strait of Malacca
  Garcia ‘4 [García, David U.S. Security Policy And Counter-Terrorism In Southeast Asia UNISCI Discussion Papers, Núm. 5, mayo-sin mes, 2004, pp. 1-12 Universidad Complutense de Madri, http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc/pdf/767/76712467003.pdf]
  
  U.S. counter-terrorist strategy is to …in Iraq and the tortures scandal 15 .
  
  Malacca disruption causes China conflict and kills relations
  Zubir ‘5 (Straits of Malacca disruption kills US-China relations The Straits of Malacca: the Rise of China, America’s Intentions and the Dilemma of the Littoral States by Mokhzani Zubir Researcher Centre for Maritime Security & Diplomacy Mohd Nizam Basiron Fellow Centre for Coastal & Marine Environment Maritime Institute of Malaysia April 2005
  
  Perhaps, herein lies the real reason …Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
  
  Extinction
  Ratliff ’95 (William Ratliff, senior research fellow at the Hoover Institution, July 31, 1995, The Washington Times, “Long-term U.S.-China interests,” p. A21
  
  Much of the growth and … essential to the prosperity if not the survival of the world.
  
  Contention Three is Solvency
  
  Only law enforcement solves- studies and experts agree that law enforcement is key to short and long term success against AQAP
  Knoetgne ’11 [Peter Knoetgne, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, “Chaos and Terrorism: How to Fight al-Qaeda in Yemen Amid Political Turmoil”, May 16, 2011, http://www.cejiss.org/columns/chaos-and-terrorism-how-fight-al-qaeda-yemen-amid-political-turmoil, ]
  
  If the Yemeni terror threat had …regional and international expertise.
  
  Only US action solves – key to reverse Anti-Americanism, critical to defeating AQAP
  Green ’11 (Daniel Green, Soref fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, focusing on Yemen, al-Qaeda, counterinsurgency, and stability operations, “The American Moment in Yemen”, http://fikraforum.org/2011/04/the-american-moment-in-yemen/, April 18, 2011, LEQ)
  
  If the United States adopts a …against the United States.
  
  US law enforcement training is essential to information exchange- this is the only way to prevent terrorism
  Millar and Rosland ‘7 [Alistair Millar is the director of the Center on Global Counterterrorism Cooperation and Eric Rosand is a senior fellow at the Center on Global Counterterrorism Cooperation in New York and a non-resident fellow at New York University’s Center on International Cooperation, “Building Global Alliances in the Fight against Terrorism”, November 2007, http://www.globalct.org/images/content/pdf/reports/better_world.pdf]
  
  In the international effort to … the globe could have devastating ripples into the United States.
  
  That information exchange mechanism is essential to succeeding against Al Qaeda
  Reveron ‘6 [Derek Reveron is an associated professor at the Naval War College, an editorial board member of the Defense Intelligence Journal, and a long-time intelligence analyst, “Old Allies, New Friends: Intelligence Sharing in the War on Terror”, Summer 2006, http://derekreveron.com/Documents/su04-reveron.pdf]
  
  Intelligence is the first …. information revolution created.
  
  This is particularly true in Yemen – current US efforts will only succeed with information exchange
  Barfi ’10 [Barak Barfi is an independent analyst who has worked with ABC News affiliates in the Middle East, “How attacking AQAP influenced its strategy”, 2010, http://www.nato.int/docu/review/2010/Yemen/Yemen_AQAP/EN/]
  
  AQAP’s ability to survive the American-AND on cultivating manpower in the form of competent military allies and reliable local intelligence assets

01/04/12

USC Round 5 - 1AC
- Tournament: USC | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harvard DT | Judge: Harrigan
- Contention 1 is Instability
  
  Current street protests are inevitable and will escalate – SCAF’s heavy hand is not sustainable
  Cook 11/22 [Steven A. Cook is the Hasib J. Sabbagh Senior Fellow for Middle Eastern Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations., November 22, 2011, Revolution 2.0, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/11/21/egypt_clashes_tahrir_scaf?page=full, AM]
  
  Yet even though some … could be the SCAF's own undoing.
  
  These protests make Egyptian instability inevitable
  Paciello ’11 [Maria Cristina Paciello  is researcher for Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) in Rome and lecturer in Economic and Political Geography of Development at La Sapienza University of Rome, “Egypt: Changes and Challenges of Political Transition”, MEDPRO Technical Report No. 4/May 2011, http://www.ceps.eu/book/egypt-changes-and-challenges-political-transition]
  
  While the … that is Egypt’s transition to democracy, appear thus unpredictable.
  
  That makes regional war in the Middle East and Horn of Africa inevitable
  Copley 11 (Gregory O., Editor – Global Information System and Defense & Foreign Affairs Strategic Policy, “Strategic Ramifications of the Egyptian Crisis”, World Tribune, 2-1, http://www.worldtribune.com/worldtribune/ WTARC/2011/me_egypt0088_02_01.asp)
  
  In the preface to the … its partnership in the peace process with Israel; and so on.
  
  Horn of Africa instability causes major power wars
  Glick ‘7 (Dec. 10, 2007 Caroline Glick , THE JERUSALEM POST)
  
  The Horn of Africa … the states of Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan and Kenya.
  
  Middle East war causes extinction
  Russell 9 (Senior Lecturer in the Department of National Security Affairs @ Nava Postgraduate School (James, “Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prosepects for Nuclear War and Escalation in the Middle East,” Online)
  
  Strategic stability in the … region, with substantial risk for the entire world.
  
  Their defense is optimistic and based on out-dated assumptions
  London ’10 [Herbert I. London, President Emeritus of Hudson Institute, “The Coming Crisis in the Middle East”, June 23, 2010, http://www.hudson.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=publication_details&id=7101&pubType=HI_Opeds]
  
  The gathering storm in the …, Muslim and Maronite tend to believe in its veracity. That is a truly bad sign.
  
  Instability ensures oil spikes – that crashes the economy and causes war
  Katusa 12/6 [Marin Katusa, Chief Energy Investment Strategist, “Instability in the Middle East = Expensive Oil for the World”, 12/6/11, http://www.caseyresearch.com/cdd/instability-middle-east-expensive-oil-world]
  
  Egypt is the most populous and internationally … would be fleeting, though, because the only way to ride out a storm is to understand what drives it.
  
  Extinction
  Kemp ’10 [Geoffrey Kemp, Director of Regional Strategic Programs at The Nixon Center, served in the White House under Ronald Reagan, special assistant to the president for national security affairs and senior director for Near East and South Asian affairs on the National Security Council Staff, Former Director, Middle East Arms Control Project at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2010, “The East Moves West: India, China, and Asia’s Growing Presence in the Middle East”, p. 233-4]
  
  The second scenario, called … for two-thirds of the planet’s population.
  
  Judicial exchanges with the SCC are crucial to upholding global norms of Judicial Independence
  Slaughter ‘4 [Anne-Marie Slaughter, “A New World Order”, 2004, P. 99, http://books.google.com/ebooks/reader?id=WzG5qJM0AekC&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&pg=GBS.PR4, AM]
  
  Perhaps the clearest illustration … communications was the reminder: “I am not alone.”171
  
  Judicial Independence is essential to stability in the short and long term- solves protests and genuine commitment to human rights treaties like the ICC
  IBAHRI ’11 [Justice at a Crossroads: The Legal Profession and the Rule of Law in the New Egypt, November 2011, Report of the International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI), Supported by the Open Society Institute, International Bar Association, accessed online, AM]
  
  Egypt’s judicial process since the revolution … the right to an independent and impartial judiciary under the ICCPR.
  
  Genuine endorsement of the ICC ensures long term stability
  Tawab ’11 [Ziad Abdel Tawab  is an International Advocacy Adviser to the Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies and a member of its board of directors, Why Egypt should join the ICC, 4/12/11, http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/396347]
  
  One of underlying messages of the 2011 Egyptian … and political and economic prosperity. Towards this end, the ratification of the Rome Statute can be a crucial first step.
  
  US exchanges are key – only US influence is steeped in a deep rooted tradition of judicial independence
  Gur-Arie ‘9 [Mira Gur-Arie is director of the International Judicial Relations Office of the Federal Judicial Center, the education and research agency for the U.S. federal courts,  15 Oct 2009, “Judges Coming Together: International Exchanges and the U.S. Judiciary”, http://www.uspolicy.be/headline/judges-coming-together, AM]
  
  Visitors to the U.S. courts from … role of court administrators in the U.S. judiciary.
  
  The signal of the plan is sufficient to solve
  Kersch ‘6 [8/8/2006 The Supreme Court And International Relations Theory Ken I. Kersch* Assistant Professor of Politics, Princeton University]
  
  Many foreign policy liberals have … order with the emerging international one.77
  
  Contention 2 is Judicial Leadership
  
  Judicial leadership has waned – judicial exchanges to Egypt are essential to reinvigorate global influence and solve Egyptian stability
  Suto ’11 [Ryan Suto is the Regional President of the American Constitution Society and recently moderated a panel discussion on the issue of WikiLeaks and the Constitution, Friday, July 15, 2011, “Judicial Diplomacy: The International Impact of the Supreme Court”, http://jurist.org/dateline/2011/07/ryan-suto-judicial-diplomacy.php, AM]
  
  The reasons for the American … and defend key legal concepts. This is an opportunity that should not be wasted.
  
  Action towards Egypt now is uniquely key – it’s the center of the judicial world
  IBAHRI ’11 [Justice at a Crossroads: The Legal Profession and the Rule of Law in the New Egypt, November 2011, Report of the International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI), Supported by the Open Society Institute, International Bar Association, accessed online]
  
  20. Egypt has one of … in an ordinary Egyptian jail.
  
  Engaging Egyptian courts spills over – builds up global influence the court can use to influence other issues
  Obiyo ’11 [Chuki Obiyo runs a Finance & Strategy Practice at Corporate Executive Board, Jun-10-11, “Judicial Return on Investment”, http://myafricanplan.com/2011/06/judicial-return-on-investment/, AM]
  
  This paper argues that the … include passing a new law or signing a treaty that limits the potency of the ATS.
  
  Judicial leadership on the rule of law is key to terrorism, alliances, the economy, failed states, and hegemony
  Feldman ‘8 [Noah Feldman, a contributing writer for the magazine, is a law professor at Harvard University and an adjunct senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, When Judges Make Foreign Policy, September 25, 2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/28/magazine/28law-t.html?pagewanted=all, AM]
  
  Looking at today’s problem … often done the world over.
  
  Alliances prevent nuclear war
  Ross ’99 [Douglas Ross – professor of political science at Simon Fraser University, Winter 1998/1999, Canada’s functional isolationism and the future of weapons of mass destruction, International Journal, p. lexis]
  
  Thus, an easily accessible …  nuclear or other WMD.
  
  Failed states cause multiple scenarios for extinction
  TI ‘7 [Transnational Institute A report prepared by: The African Studies Centre, Leiden, The Transnational Institute, Amsterdam, The Peace Studies Group (CES, University of Coimbra), and The Peace Research Center- CIP/FUHEM, Madrid “Failed and Collapsed States in the International System,” April]
  
  In the malign scenario of … attacks on their national security
  
  Terrorism sparks full scale nuclear wars
  Hellman ‘8 (Martin E. Hellman* * Martin E. Hellman is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University. His current project applies risk analysis to nuclear deterrence
  
  Nuclear proliferation … by the U.S. or Russia.
  
  Judicial Influence is critical to overall influence – absent participation, the US can’t project power effectively
  Frank ‘7 [Constitutional Interpretation Revisited: The Effects of a Delicate Supreme Court Balance on the Inclusion of Foreign Law in American Jurisprudence Danielj Frank* J.D. Candidate, The University of Iowa College of Law, 2007; B.A., Carleton College, 2001]
  
  Conservative politicians … appear to be a realistic option.
  
  Effective hegemony prevents nuclear war
  Barnett ’11 [Thomas Barnett, Professor, Warfare Analysis and Research Dept – U.S. Naval War College, 3/7/11,  “The New Rules: Leadership Fatigue Puts U.S., and Globalization, at Crossroads,” http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8099/the-new-rules-leadership-fatigue-puts-u-s-and-globalization-at-crossroads]
  
  Events in Libya are a … from state-based conflicts.
  
  Judicial leadership is critical to the establishment of democracies globally – that solves all war
  Kersch ‘6 [8/8/2006 The Supreme Court And International Relations Theory Ken I. Kersch* Assistant Professor of Politics, Princeton University]
  
  Liberal theories of international … the question of how to integrate the domestic constitutional order with the emerging international one.77
  
  Democracy prevents extinction
  Diamond ’95 (Larry Diamond, Hoover Institution senior fellow, co-editor of the Journal of Democracy, December 1995, A Report to the Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, “Promoting Democracy in the 1990s: Actors and Instruments, Issues and Imperatives,” http://wwics.si.edu/subsites/ccpdc/pubs/di/1.htm
  
  OTHER THREATS This hardly … prosperity can be built.
  
  Judicial influence is critical to effective US leadership on Climate Change
  Long ‘8 [Andrew Long, Assistant Professor of Law, Florida Coastal School of Law, Fall, 2008, 33 Wm. & Mary Envtl. L. & Pol'y Rev. 177, “Symposium Issue 1: Emission Not Accomplished: The Future of Carbon Emissions in a Changing World: Symposium Article: International Consensus and U.S. Climate Change Litigation”, accessed via lexus, AM]
  
  Enhancing U.S. International Leadership … international climate regime.
  
  US judicial leadership is crucial to avoid extinction from climate change
  Stephens ’10 (Tuesday 12 October 2010 Dr Tim Stephens, Faculty of Law, University of Sydney Launch of David Leary and Balakrishna Pisupati (eds), The Future of International Environmental Law (United Nations University Press, Tokyo, 2010)
  
  We are at a critical turning… in areas beyond national jurisdiction.
  
  Warming is real and anthropogenic
  EDF ‘9 [Environmental Defense Fund, a US-based nonprofit environmental advocacy group, “Global Warming Myths and Facts,” 1/13/2009, http://mrgreenbiz.wordpress.com/2009/01/13/global-warming-myths-and-facts-2/]
  
  There is no debate among … emissions in order to identify the most likely range for future climatic change.
  
  The United States Supreme Court should substantially increase its judicial exchanges with the Egyptian Supreme Constitutional Court.

01/04/12

USC - Octos - New Plan
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
- The United States federal judiciary should substantially increase its judicial exchanges with the Egyptian Supreme Constitutional Court.

01/07/12

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Created by on 2011/09/17 12:02

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