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Contention One is the Advocacy:
We affirm a schizoanalytic and rhizomatic method of micropolitics.

The 1AC simultaneously defends two interpretations of political strategy.  There is a plan-oriented pragmatic strategy which surrounds the one sentence traditional plan text.  There is also a bottom-up movement which takes the form of radical politics described in the 1AC solvency evidence.  We defend the micropolitical process that reject the goals-oriented form of politics which constructs the plan.
Conley in 2006 (Verena Andermatt, professor of literature at Harvard, “Borderlines; Deleuze and the Contemporary World, 95-100)

Over the last few decades, AND any generalized transformation would be impossible. 

Disconnect yourself from the state, from collectives, from everything bigger than our agency.  It is only when desire is confined and controlled, added to some larger pool, that we lose sight of our ability to form unique judgments and come to unique conclusions.  Recognizing this individualism is necessary to challenge fascism
Deleuze and Guattari, 1987 [A Thousand Plateaus pg 158-159]
We have come to the gradual AND and I have believed in them.”

Contention Two is Competition
They have to defend the plan as the outcome of their political process.
First is neg ground – our best offense is to the ways their philosophy can be applied to the topic.  Everyone would agree in the abstract that fascism is bad but how we politicize that advocacy is where we get link ground

Second is predictability – they read a plan text in the 1AC and its context is left unexplained.  Our pre-round and pre-tournament prep assumes the defense of the plan – pre-round prep is our only chance to develop contextual strategies against shady critical affs – damage to it outweighs because the alternative is another boring framework debate

Third is severance - New framework explanations in the 2AC which eliminate the plans importance are severance out of the only stable 1AC advocacy.  Unfair because the 1NC strategy is predicated off of the plans existence which creates a moving target where we can’t ever generate offense.

Contention Three is the Net Benefits

Link 1 is the Fixidity of the Plan – Rhizomatic politics form possibilities but the plan is a certainty – regardless of the process which results in the plan, it stands as a transcendent monument to the future goals of the movement.  Because the plan dictates what the possible outcomes of rhizomatic politics can and cannot be, it has already sacrificed the ability to think creatively which is necessary to overcome the states attempt at counter-revolution
Goddard in 2k6 (July 6th, 2006: The Encounter between Guattari and Berandi and the Post – Modern Era “Felix and Alice in Wonderland”; http://www.generation-online.org/p/fpbifo1.htm)
What this type of radio achieved AND to outline projections of societal change.”

Link 2- It’s basically a prisoners dilemma – the state will adapt and follow your politics.  It is worthless to challenge the state in a race to control – they have the lead and will copy our strategies before they can become successful.  Their political strategy is doomed to failure.
Dixit and Nalebuff 1993 (Avinash, John F. Sherrard University Professor of Economics at Princeton and Barry, Professor of economics and management at the yale school of organization and management.  "Thinking Stategically")
After the first four races in AND in the merits of their course. 

Link Three is the Agency Trade-off DA: their focus on the government as the site for transformative politics trades-off with immediate micropolitical activism. Waiting for the rev to gain momentum ignores the power we already have to create change.  Your role is to dismiss the promise of future change to affirm already existing struggles
Deleuze and Parnet 87 (Gilles and Claire, profs of philosophy: Dialogues II: p. 146-147)
What characterizes our current situation is AND every level, in every place.

Link Four is Goals versus the Process - The status quo is paranoiac even in its attempt at counter culture.  Status quo methodology confines experimentation to only processes with set goals in mind, destroying these movements from the beginning.  We must instead abandon these final goals and embrace free thought.
Deleuze and Guattari 1972, Anti-Oedipus, 370-1
The codes and their signifiers , AND -art as "experimentation.'  

Link 5 is the conflation of causality - Desire manifests itself at the local level – the unconscious – and resonates into a group order, powering politics.  Failure to investigate motivations at the level of desire abandons any possibility of understanding how political formations come to be and ensures serial policy failure
Ballantyne 2007 (Andrew, Tectonic Cultures Research Group at Newcastle University , "Deleuze and Guattari for Architects" 27-28)

So these habits of thought, AND , to have an inaccurate aspect.

Versus Kentucky Egypt Relgious Freedom Affirmative

1nc-Consult NATO, Egypt Offsets CP, KORUS, Orientalism K
2nc/1nr-Egypt Offsets CP, Politics, All of Case, Consult NATO
2nr-Egypt Offsets CP + Politics

CONSULT NATO
Text: The United States federal government should enter into prior binding consultation with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization over a policy to provide assistance for the promotion of religious freedom in Egypt

Genuine consultation key to NATO.
Moore 7 – prof polisci @ Concordia, Rebecca NATO’s New Mission:  Projecting Stability in a Post- Cold War World, p. 133-134
Despite the Bush administration's professed interest AND culture of dialogue and dispute."113 

Nuclear war.
O’Sullivan 98 - Editor of the National Review and founder of the New Atlantic, John, American Spectator, June
Some of those ideasnotablyAND the main guarantor of European stability.

Says yes.
NATO Parliamentary Assembly 11 - THE “ARAB SPRING”, MISSILE DEFENCE, AFGHANISTAN
AND EMERGING SECURITY CHALLENGES TOP THE AGENDA OF THE NATO
PA’S SPRING SESSION, 5-30,
The NATO Parliamentary Assembly held the AND Egypt after their forthcoming parliamentary elections.

EGYPT OFFSETS CP
TEXT: The United States Federal Government should redirect funding of civil society organizations officially approved by the government of Egypt to provide assistance for the promotion of religious freedom in Egypt.

Redirecting funds from Mubarak’s NGOs prevents democratic backsliding and solves case.
Schenker 11 – David is the Aufzien fellow and director of the Program on Arab Politics at The Washington Institute. Previously, he served as Levant country director, the Pentagon’s top policy aide on the Arab countries of the  Levant, in the Office of the Secretary of Defense; in that capacity he was responsible for advising the secretary and  other senior Pentagon leadership on the military and political affairs of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and the Palestinian  territories., Egypt’s Enduring  Challenges, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, April, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/pubPDFs/PolicyFocus110.pdf
Reallocate financing for civil society. AND 58 billion between 2000 and 2008.

Egyptian backsliding causes nuclear war.
Byman 11 - Daniel Byman is a Professor in the Security Studies Program at Georgetown University and the Research Director of the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at Brookings, Israel’s Pessimistic View of the Arab Spring, The Washington Quarterly, Summer, http://www.twq.com/11summer/docs/11summer_Byman.pdf
Israel’s fears are much more likely AND escalation that could spiral into disaster.

KORUS
SKFTA will pass but political capital is key and increased spending will collapse the deal
ABC News September 8 ("Commerce Confident Trade Agreements Will Pass" http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/09/commerce-confident-trade-agreements-will-pass/)

As the battle of the job AND in support of Trade Adjustment Systems.”

Multilateral trade liberalization is impossible absent passage of SKFTA.
Cooper et al, 2010
[William, Mark E. Manyin, Specialist in Asian Affairs, Remy Jurenas, Specialist in Agricultural Policy, Michaela D. Platzer, Specialist in Industrial Organization and Business, Specialist in international trade and finance coordinator, “The Proposed U.S.-South Korea Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA): Provisions and Implications” http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34330.pdf, p.45-6, accessed 2-4-11, TP] 

Since the early 2000s, UAND economic ties with major trading partners. 

Trade is the number one factor that contributes to peace
O’Driscoll 03 Gerald P O’driscoll jr  is senior fellow at the Cato Institute. Sara Fitzgerald is a trade policy analyst at the Heritage Foundation. Orange County Register, Feb. 11, 2003
A report by the World Bank AND decades of peace in Western Europe.

Orientalism K
The 1AC representations of the Middle East are rooted in binary systems of exclusion which culminate in violence against the Other who occupies the devalued position in this system.
Hirchi, Mohammed '07, "Media Representations of the Middle East," WACC.  World Assoc. for Christian Communication.  Online.

This marking of difference is articulated AND and incapable of embracing cultural emancipation. 

Orientalist discourse creates unrestricted imperialism in the Middle East which results in mass killings.
Falk, '05. Richard "Imperial vibrations, 9/11, and the ordeal of the Middle East," Paper 23, U of Cali. http://repositories.cdlib.org /gis/23 

No matter how these issues are AND And so we are wisely instructed! 

Rejecting specific policies which embody the security paradigm is key.  The act of voting not-aff is necessary to find a world post-security
Burke 02 (Anthony, Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Alternatives 27)

 It is perhaps easy to AND what its shimmering possibilities might be.  

*CASE*
Advantage 1 – Middle East Stability

No middle east war – multiple reasons
Shaoxian, 2001 (Li, senior researcher in the Institute of Contemporary International relations, “A Whirlwind of Palestine-Israel Violence: Where is it going?” August, http://www.china.org.cn/english/2001/Aug/17671.htm)
Li: Although the situation in AND the capablities or means for war.  

Mideast groups are pragmatic – negotiations are coming and will stabilize the region
Khouri, 2010 (Rami G., “It’s obvious, go to the Islamists,” The Daily Star, July 3, http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=10&categ_id=5&article_id=116660#axzz0sfuv9AIu)
The report says that while Hizbullah AND so long to embrace the obvious? 

No terrorism
Mueller ‘6 – Prof. PolSci @ Ohio State, John, “Is There Still a Terrorist Threat?: The Myth of the Omnipresent Enemy”, Foreign Affairs, Sep./Oct., http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20060901facomment85501-p0/john-mueller/is-there-still-a-terrorist-threat-the-myth-of-the-omnipresent-enemy.html
One reason al Qaeda and "AND than one percent after the attack.

No terror threat – we already beat al-Qaeda
Gardiner ‘8 /Nile, Director of the Margaret Thatcher Centre for Freedom at the Heritage Foundation, “George W Bush: winning the war on terror,” 12-26, telegraph.co.uk/
The success of the surge in AND of its close ties to Washington. 

No risk of nuclear terrorism.
Mueller 9 – Prof Political Science @ Ohio State University, John, “The Atomic Terrorist?”, Paper Prepared for the International Commission on Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament, April 30, http://www.icnnd.org/research/Mueller_Terrorism.pdf
Thus far terrorist groups seem to AND side effects, are generally desirable.

Advantage 2 – Religion
Zero risk of Russia war.
Graham 7 - Senior advisor on Russia in the US National Security Council staff 2002-2007, Thomas, " The Dialectics of Strength and Weakness”, Russia in Global Affairs, July, http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/numbers/20/1129.html
An astute historian of Russia, AND long-term relations with Russia.
No impact to war—Russian arsenal won’t work.
Payne 9 – CEO and President, National Institute of Public Policy, Keith, House Foreign Affairs Committee Hearing, “The July Summit and Beyond: Prospects for U.S.-Russia Nuclear Arms Reductions”, 6/24, ln
 Why so? Because Russian AND steeply with or without arms control. 

No scenario for asian war.
Pempel, Prof. PoliSci @ UC Berkley, 2010
TJ, “More Pax, Less Americana in Asia”, International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 10.3
Without much imagination a wealth of AND relegated to the policymaking back burners.

China won’t be revisionist.  
Dyer, 05 (PhD in Military History, Gwynne, “China unlikely to engage in military confrontation,” March 12,The Jakarta Post, http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2005/03/12/china-unlikely-engage-military-confrontation.html)
Given America's monopoly or huge technological AND of impending war in East Asia.

No risk of Korean war or escalation.
Meyer 3- Editor of G2Military, Carlton, “The Mythical North Korea Threat”, G2Military, http://www.g2mil.com/korea.htm
When Pentagon officials talk about the AND against China’s traditional enemy - Japan.

You can't externally measure value to life
Steven Schwartz, Vice-Chancellor of Brunel University, London, member of the Council of Academic Advisors of The Centre for Independent Studies, 2004.  A Value to Life:  Who Decides and How?  Medical Ethics, Ch. 6, p. 109,
Those who choose to reason on AND rational and as ends in themselves. 

There’s no one root cause of war
Sharp 8 – senior associate deputy general counsel for intelligence at the US Department of Defense, Dr. Walter, “Democracy and Deterrence”, Air Force University Press, May, http://aupress.maxwell.af.mil/Books/sharp/Sharp.pdf
While classical liberals focused on political AND explaining the cause of war.37

Util good
Gvosdev 5 – executive editor of The National Interest (Nikolas, The Value(s) of Realism, SAIS Review 25.1, pmuse
As the name implies, realists AND been roundly condemned on moral grounds. 

Turn—responsibility for body counts prevents genocidal mentality
Chernus 3 – Professor of Religious Studies, Colorado, Ira, Bring Back the Body Count, http://www.alternet.org/story/15545/
What I fear is a world AND history, to our own humanity.

Refusing to calculate masks the most totalitarian calculations. Refusal to be responsible for all the potential outcomes of our actions is the worst for violence and totally unethical
Campbell, Professor of International Politics at the University of Newcastle, 1999
(David, “The Deterritorialization of Responsibility,” Moral Spaces, Eds. Michael J. Shapiro & David Campbell, p. 45-7)
That undecidability resides within the decision, AND-at least not without treating it too lightly and forming the worst complicities."96>

1NC-KORUS, NATO, SAUDI RELATIONS DA, DETERRENCE K. CASE-Defense/Hege Bad

2NC/1NR-Deterrence K, Both Advantages, Saudi Relations. 

2NR-Deterrence K, Both Advantages

1NC-Cites:

KORUS
SKFTA will pass but political capital is key and increased spending will collapse the deal
ABC News September 8 ("Commerce Confident Trade Agreements Will Pass" http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/09/commerce-confident-trade-agreements-will-pass/)

As the battle of the job AND in support of Trade Adjustment Systems.”

SKFTA solves Korean war
Wharton, 1-12-11. “U.S.-South Korea Trade Pact: A Turning Point for American Exports?” Wharton – Knowledge (UPenn), http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=2671. 

Last March, when President AND has put his reputation on the line

Extinction
Hayes and Green 2009 (Peter Hayes & Michael Hamel-Green on December 14, 2009 (Professor of International Relations at RMIT University; Dean of and Professor in the Faculty of Arts, Education and Human Development at Victoria University, “Denuclearizing The Korean Peninsula And Northeast Asia,” Asian Pacific Journal)
The international community is increasingly aware AND priority consideration from the international community.

NATO
Text: The United States federal government should enter into prior binding consultation with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization over a policy to expand the United States Department of Defense’s engagement with groups in Bahrain to facilitate broader distribution of access to public resources.

Genuine consultation key to NATO.
Moore 7 – prof polisci @ Concordia, Rebecca NATO’s New Mission:  Projecting Stability in a Post- Cold War World, p. 133-134
Despite the Bush administration's professed interest AND culture of dialogue and dispute."113 

Nuclear war.
O’Sullivan 98 - Editor of the National Review and founder of the New Atlantic, John, American Spectator, June
Some of those ideasnotablyAND the main guarantor of European stability.

SAUDI RELATIONS
Unique Link - pushing democracy assistance will collapse US-Saudi relations
Tarpley 2011 (Press TV interview with Webster Griffin Tarpley, author, journalist and lecturer from Washington, June 18, "Saudi Arabia alarmed by US intentions" http://www.presstv.com/detail/189582.html, SRM)
Webster Griffin Tarpley: Well, AND are means to destabilize the kingdom. 

Relations decline over the Arab Spring will drive the Saudis to proliferate
Guzansky July 1st, 2011 (Yoel Guzansky is a research fellow at the Institute for National Security Studies at Tel Aviv University. He joined INSS after serving at Israel's National Security Council; "TEHRAN TESTS SAUDIS' NERVE ON NUKES", LEXIS, SRM)
UNTIL recently it appeared that US AND of more than $US300 billion.

Saudi prolif leads to fast regional prolif
Center for Contemporary Conflict 2004  (“Conference on WMD Proliferation in the Middle East: Directions and Policy Options in the New Century” http://www.ciaonet.org/olj/si/si_3_8/si_3_8_ruj01.pdf)
James Russell from the Naval Postgraduate AND ensure U.S. engagement?

Rapid prolif causes pre-emptive nuclear war.
Heurlin 2005 (Jean Monnet Professor of European Security and Integration at the Department of Political Science of the University of Copenhagen, and Sten Rynning, "Missile defence", p 162-3)
Arms control and non-proliferation AND the cost-enhancing MD project.

DETERRENCE KRITIK
The policy of deterrence invokes an epistemology of preemption which co-opts the affirmative into an excuse for first striking with nuclear weapons
Massumi 07 (Brian, Communication Department of the Université de Montréal , “Potential Politics and the Primacy of Preemption”) 

It is certain that there will AND achieve life-defining mutuality.

Their strategy of maintaining hegemony exaggerates threats and mandates continuous intervention.  Means no risk of the case impact and the kritik turns the case
Layne 97 (Christopher Layne is Visiting Associate Professor at Naval Postgraduate school, “From Preponderance to Offshore Balancing: America's Future Grand Strategy”, International Security, Vol.22 Issue. 1 Summer 1997)
The security/interdependence nexus results AND maintaining U.S. credibility.
The alternative is to reject the security logic of the 1AC

Rejecting specific policies which embody the security paradigm is key.  The act of voting not-aff is necessary to find a world post-security
Burke 02 (Anthony, Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Alternatives 27)

 It is perhaps easy to AND what its shimmering possibilities might be.  

DEMOCRACY ADVANTAGE
Syria is an alt cause-

US isn’t key to democracy promotion-Movements are inevitable─
Beinart, 2011 (Peter, senior political writer for The Daily Beast and associate professor of journalism and political science at City University of New York and a senior fellow at the New America Foundation, “Tunisia shows democracy can spread without America,” The Daily Beast, January 19, http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2011-01-19/tunisia-shows-democracy-can-spread-without-america/)
But Tunisia suggests that may not AND young Arabs want it even more.

It’s inevitable
Deudney and Ikenberrey 9 – Daniel, Professor of Political Science at Johns Hopkins University, John, Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton,“The Myth of the Autocratic Revival: Why Liberal Democracy Will Prevail”, Foreign Affairs, Jan, ebsco
Fortunately, this newconventional wisdom about AND international cooperation regardless of regime type.

No terrorism
Mueller ‘6 – Prof. PolSci @ Ohio State, John, “Is There Still a Terrorist Threat?: The Myth of the Omnipresent Enemy”, Foreign Affairs, Sep./Oct., http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20060901facomment85501-p0/john-mueller/is-there-still-a-terrorist-threat-the-myth-of-the-omnipresent-enemy.html
One reason al Qaeda and "AND than one percent after the attack.

No terror threat – we already beat al-Qaeda
Gardiner ‘8 /Nile, Director of the Margaret Thatcher Centre for Freedom at the Heritage Foundation, “George W Bush: winning the war on terror,” 12-26, telegraph.co.uk/
The success of the surge in AND of its close ties to Washington. 

No risk of nuclear terrorism.
Mueller 9 – Prof Political Science @ Ohio State University, John, “The Atomic Terrorist?”, Paper Prepared for the International Commission on Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament, April 30, http://www.icnnd.org/research/Mueller_Terrorism.pdf
Thus far terrorist groups seem to AND side effects, are generally desirable.

FIFTH FLEET ADVANTAGE

Agreement extended to 2016
Fifield and Dhabi, ’11 [Anna Fifield in Washington and Camilla Hall in Abu Dhabi, 9/1/11, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/6bdc0118-d40b-11e0-b7eb-00144feab49a.html#axzz1XUbBP6OE]
The US and Bahrain secretly extended AND , pushing it out until 2016.

No move—logistically impossible despite desire to move
Tomlinson, ’11 [Hugh Tomlinson, The Australian, 7/21/11, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/us-fleet-may-quit-troubled-bahrain/story-e6frg6so-1226098580227]
THE US Navy is looking at AND potential move remains some years off.

Not moving—Pentagon won’t budge and Bahrain’s an ally
European Phoenix, ’11 [7/21/11, http://europeanphoenix.com/en/component/content/article/35-politica/278-us-fifth-fleet-unwilling-to-move-out-of-bahrain.html]
Washington and Al-Khalifa regime AND -Khalifa’s already-damaged reputation.

No impact—Any fleet move will still be in the region—ensures continued deterrence
Glaser ’11 [John Glaser, US Navy’s Fifth Fleet Could Abandon Bahrain Rights record may send America in search of other options, 7/20/11, http://news.antiwar.com/2011/07/20/us-navys-fifth-fleet-could-abandon-bahrain/.]
Possible relocation sites include the United AND close to 30,000 personnel.

IRAN SCENARIO-
Iran can’t cause any harm in Iraq, Afghanistan or the Straights of Hormuz
Gerecht, 2010 (Reuel Marc, Contributing editor to The Weekly Standard and senior fellow at the Foundation for defense of Democracies, “Should Israel Bomb Iran?” The Weekly Standard, Volume 15, Number 42, July 26)
American fear of Iranian capabilities in AND will be this addle-headed. 

No chance of aggression escalating
Walt, 2010 (Stephen M., genius and Harvard professor, “More hype about Iran?” Foreign Policy, http://walt.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2010/04/20/more_hype_about_iran)
One of the more remarkable features AND at some point in the future).  

POWER PROJECTION SCENARIO

Collapse of hegemony will be peaceful.
MacDonald and Parent 11 – Asst Prof. of PoliSci @ Williams College and Parent, Asst Prof. PoliSci @ U of Miami, Paul and Joseph, “Graceful Decline?” International Security, 35.4, Project MUSE
Implications for Sino-U.AND of power transitions and hegemonic change.

Decline of hegemony forces US retrenchment – solves war.
MacDonald and Parent 11 – Asst Prof. of PoliSci @ Williams College and Parent, Asst Prof. PoliSci @ U of Miami, Paul and Joseph, “Graceful Decline?” International Security, 35.4, Project MUSE
Paul and Joseph, “Graceful Decline?”, International Security, 35.4, Project MUSE
In this article, we question AND failed to retrench recovered their relative position

Heg fails causes nuclear war with china.
Layne 6 CHRISTOPHER LAYNE, PROF INTL RELATIONS AT TEXAS A&M, 2006
THE PEACE OF ILLUSIONS,. 167-8
As China’s military power—conventional AND important it is to defend it.

Hegemonic decline inevitable and causes multilateral institutions to fill in—prevents extinction.
Feffer 9 – Co-Director of FPIF, John, “A Multipolar Moment?”, Foreign Policy in Focus, 2-17, http://www.fpif.org/articles/a_multipolar_moment
The neoconservative movement thrilled to what AND of dirt hitting a coffin lid?

Hegemony causes prolif, makes collapse and war inevitable.
Jervis 9 – Professor of international politics at Columbia University, Robert, World Politics, 61.1, Jan, MUSE
Failure would not mean that the AND leaders. [End Page 213]

NOTE: The Allegory is never the same 1NC, but typically follows this pattern

ALLEGORY OF THE SQUIRREL 1NC ROUND 6 @ KENTUCKY

1. The Universe is expanding.  BUT WHAT IS IT EXPANDING INTO?  This is a fundamental metaphysical question that must be answered by the 2AC or you should vote negative on presumption because that shit freaks me out.

2.  When problems overwhelm, us and sadness smothers us, where do we find the will and the courage to continue? Well, the answer may come in the caring voice of a friend, a chance encounter with a book, or from a personal faith. For Janet help came from her faith, but it also from a squirrel. Shortly after her divorce, Janet lost her father, then she lost her job. She had mounting money problems. But Janet not only survived, she worked her way out of despondency and now she says, life is good again. How could this happen? She told me that late one Autumn day when she was at her lowest she watched a squirrel storing up nuts for the winter, one at a time he would take them to the nest. And she thought, if that squirrel can take care of himself with the harsh winter coming along, then so can I. Once I broke my problems into small pieces I was able to carry them, just like those acorns, one at a time. – That was in a White Stripes song (Little Acorns)

3. None of the aff matters in the grand scheme of geological time
Justin Bieber 2011 (The Onion, "Your Obsessive Love Or Hatred Of Me Means Nothing In The Grand Scheme Of Geological Time" http://www.theonion.com/articles/your-obsessive-love-or-hatred-of-me-means-nothing,19707/)

As the undisputed No. 1 AND for.  There is no God. 

4. Listening to their bullshit will waste your life, instead you should go read a book or bungee jump because doing anything is better than listening to this
The Onion 2011 ("Open-Minded Man Grimly Realizes How Much Life He's Wasted Listening To Bullshit" http://www.theonion.com/articles/openminded-man-grimly-realizes-how-much-life-hes-w,19273/?utm_source=recentnews)

CLEVELAND—During an unexpected moment AND a trip to Europe right there."  

5. We control uniqueness on hegemony - last time I checked, this was America
The Onion 2010 (June 5, Last Time Sources Checked This Still America, http://www.theonion.com/articles/last-time-sources-checked-this-still-america,17545/)
WASHINGTON—All across the countryAND . Love it or leave it."

6. Every debate round presents us with both difference and repetition.  We believe there is no value in that repetition.  There is nothing to gain in the regurgitation of information already read a thousand times over.  Rather, value is found in difference, specifically in the extrapolation of arguments and their application in the debate round.  We want more rebuttals and fewer constructives
Colebrook 2002 (Claire, "Understanding Deleuze", pg. 45-)

By contrast, Deleuze produces a AND that precedes and governs the intensities.

7. laugh, don’t cry
Holcomb 2009 (Justine Schuchard, "In the Culture of Truthiness: Comic Criticism and the Performative Politics of Stephen Colbert" (2009). Communication Theses. Paper 51.)

Burke describes differing "frames of  AND view in search of a dialectical, holistic understanding of problems and opportunities.

8. The teleological end of the 1AC is a transcendent politics determined to hierarchize the political.  Their method of organization seeks to vampirically drain all value from immanent politics, fascistically enforcing predetermined order onto the revolutionary and negating effective challenges to power
Deleuze and Guattari, 1987 [A Thousand Plateaus pg 158-159]
We have come to the gradual AND and I have believed in them.”

9. Live now, die later.
Lambert 2010 (Gregg, Dean’s Professor of the Humanities and Founding Director of the Humanities Centre, Syracuse University, New York “The War-Machine and “a people who revolt””, Theory and Event)
In conclusion, I will risk AND means adapted to that machine.”42 

1NC 1

We begin with the advocacy:
Vote negative to embrace rhizomatic micropolitics

Rhizomatic politics is horizontal – it produces offshoots at the local level and disconnects itself from the state-apparatus as a locus of solvency.  Rhizomatic politics is at odds with the transcendent attempts of the 1AC to seek the state as a means of effecting political change.  Only our advocacy can solve the desire for racism which inhabits the status quo.
Conley in 2006 (Verena Andermatt, professor of literature at Harvard, “Borderlines; Deleuze and the Contemporary World, 95-100)

Over the last few decades, AND any generalized transformation would be impossible. 

Link 1 is the Fixidity of the Plan – Rhizomatic politics form possibilities but the plan is a certainty – regardless of the process which results in the plan, it stands as a transcendent monument to the future goals of the movement.  Because the plan dictates what the possible outcomes of rhizomatic politics can and cannot be, it has already sacrificed the ability to think creatively which is necessary to overcome the states attempt at counter-revolution
Goddard in 2k6 (July 6th, 2006: The Encounter between Guattari and Berandi and the Post – Modern Era “Felix and Alice in Wonderland”; http://www.generation-online.org/p/fpbifo1.htm)
What this type of radio achieved AND to outline projections of societal change.”

Link Two is the Agency Trade-off DA: their focus on the government as the site for transformative politics trades-off with immediate micropolitical activism. Waiting for the rev to gain momentum ignores the power we already have to create change.  Your role is to dismiss the promise of future change to affirm already existing struggles
Deleuze and Parnet 87 (Gilles and Claire, profs of philosophy: Dialogues II: p. 146-147)
What characterizes our current situation is AND every level, in every place.

Our discussion must begin with Desire.  It is worthless to talk of state politics without recognizing our responsibility in shaping our current political landscape.  Fascism is not handed down from the USFG to the masses, rather fascism originates in the desires of the masses.  Before change can take place at the macrolevel we must challenge the very fascist inside of us.
Deleuze and Guattari 1980 (A Thousand Plateaus 214-215)
It is not sufficient to define AND with molecules both personal and collective.

Directing our policies and desires towards the state prevents change and recreates oppression, turns the case.  
Holloway, 2010 (John, Professor in the Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades of the Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla in Mexico, Crack Capitalism, 60-61)

But then what do we say AND at the core of this movement.

1NC 2

TEXT: The USAID Office of Democracy and Governance should conduct a qualitative appraisal of democracy assistance in order to determine if the United States federal government should make political party support available for Egyptian political parties regardless of their religious affiliation and submit the results of the appraisal to congress. The United States federal government should implement the policy recommendations of the appraisal. 

It competes – CP results in less worlds plan could happen. “Should” means “must”, which implies unconditionality, that’s dictionary.com. 

Prior appraisal is key to good democracy assistance policy.
Burnell 8 - Peter Burnell, Department of International Studies, University of Warwick, From Evaluating Democracy Assistance to Appraising Democracy Promotion, POLITICAL STUDIES: 2008 VOL 56, 414 – 434, http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic920402.files/Evaluating%20Democracy%2008.pdf
Organisations involved in delivering international democracy AND the high politics of policy-making 

Lack of prior appraisal guarantees congressional resistance to plan, CP guarantees plan approval.
Burnell 8 - Peter Burnell, Department of International Studies, University of Warwick, From Evaluating Democracy Assistance to Appraising Democracy Promotion, POLITICAL STUDIES: 2008 VOL 56, 414 – 434, http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic920402.files/Evaluating%20Democracy%2008.pdf
In the United States Thomas Carothers AND link between programming and political analysis’.

1NC 3
SKFTA will pass, top of the docket but capital is key
Financial News 9-24 (“U.S. Senate clears one hurdle to FTA with S. Korea” http://www.davidsoncompanies.com/indv/a_pinnacor/news/newsstory_detail.cfm?finnewsstory=go&storyID=6dbf28fbe9e3ae69&finnews=go)
The U.S. SenateAND trip by President Lee into consideration."

Plan costs capital – even if congress likes the idea of plan they hate funding it.
Paul Richter, staff writer @ LA Times, 4-12-2011 (Debt worries stymieing U.S. financial aid to help Arab nations in transition, Los Angeles Times, p. articles.latimes.com/2011/apr/12/world/la-fg-mideast-aid-20110413)
Reporting from Washington — The Obama AND appropriators in Congress, aides say.

SKFTA solves North Korean adventurism and the alliance.
Wharton, 1-12-11. “U.S.-South Korea Trade Pact: A Turning Point for American Exports?” Wharton – Knowledge (UPenn), http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=2671. 

Last March, when President AND put his reputation on the line.

Extinction
Hayes and Green 2009 (Peter Hayes & Michael Hamel-Green on December 14, 2009 (Professor of International Relations at RMIT University; Dean of and Professor in the Faculty of Arts, Education and Human Development at Victoria University, “Denuclearizing The Korean Peninsula And Northeast Asia,” Asian Pacific Journal)
The international community is increasingly aware AND priority consideration from the international community.

Our impacts aren’t constructed until they prove it.
Yudkowsky 6 – Eliezer Yudkowsky, Research Fellow at the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence that has published multiple peer-reviewed papers on risk assessment. Cognitive biases potentially affecting judgment of global risks Forthcoming in Global Catastrophic Risks, eds. Nick Bostrom and Milan Cirkovic. August 31, 2006.
Every true idea which discomforts you AND take your eye off the ball.

Case
Evolutionary psychology makes realism falsifiable and scientific – human nature proves realists are right
Thayer, 2000
Bradley A., Former Research Fellow, International Security Program, Associate Professor of Defense & Strategic Study, Missouri State University, International Security, 01622889, Fall2000, Vol. 25, Issue 2 “"Bringing in Darwin: Evolutionary Theory, Realism, and International Politics"
Evolutionary theory provides a better foundation AND the scientific foundation it has lacked.
Third, realists can use evolutionary AND solidarity and mobilizing a society's resources. 

The kritik can’t change this
Mearsheimer , professor at the University of Chicago, 2001
(John, “The Tragedy of Great Power Politics,” www.wwnorton.com/catalog/fall01/002025excerpt.htm)
The optimists' claim that security competition AND states in each region at peace. 

Modernity isn’t the root cause of violence—it’s always proximately caused. The alternative leaves us unable to deal with any global problems.
Curtler 97 – PhD Philosophy, Hugh, “rediscovering values: coming to terms with postnmodernism” 44-7
The second and third concerns, AND we have dug for ourselves. 

Discursive focus trades off with focus on structural change—it becomes a psychological substitute for action.
Kidner 2k – psychology professor, David, Nature and Psyche, p 66-7
Noam Chomsky has noted that if AND " and abandons nature to industrialism. 

Predictions are good – even if we can’t predict the future with certainty, it means we must be even more wary of future crises
Kurasawa, Assistant Professor of Sociology at York University, Toronto, and a Faculty Associate of the Center for Cultural Sociology at Yale, 2004
(Fuyuki, “Cautionary Tales,” Constellations Volume 4 No. 11, December)
When engaging in the labor of AND sources of harm to our successors. 

Prefer the politics DA—The sheer magnitude of extinction justifies deliberation of policies to prevent it
Matheny, ‘7 [Jason G. Matheny, Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg one might begin to address these problems. School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University ,“Reducing the Risk of Human Extinction,” Risk Analysis, 27:5]
We may be poorly equipped to AND the costs of mitigating them.20

No slippery slope to genocide
O’Kane 97  (“Modernity, the Holocaust, and politics”, Economy and Society, February, ebsco)
Chosen policies cannot be relegated to AND in the way of modern genocides.

The Opera 1NC

This Chorus for the debate Charles Bukowski's 'Hug the Dark' :

turmoil is the god
 madness is the god

permanent living peace is permanent living death.

agony can kill
 or
 agony can sustain life
 but peace is always horrifying
 peace is the worst thing
 walking
 talking
 smiling,
seeming to be.

don't forget the sidewalks
 the whores,
 betrayal,
 the worm in the apple,
 the bars, the jails,
 the suicides of lovers.

here in America
 we have assassinated a president and his brother,
 another president has quit office.

people who believe in politics
 are like people who believe in god:
 they are sucking wind through bent straws.

there is no god
 there are no politics
 there is no peace
 there is no love
 there is no control
 there is no plan

stay away from god
 remain disturbed

slide.

Our first link argument - When faced with the murky gray area of morality and the will to life, the aff takes what Nietzsche would call “The Weak Christian” approach: for them, the here and now, earthly existence, the body and our life is not ultimate.  Life is temporary, a staging ground, a training ground.  Happiness and eternity are elsewhere in the beyond with god.

Here we introduce the Ascetic Ideal – the aff believes in a utopian vision of the future in which conflict is not inevitable and the US manages to eliminate violence and conflict from the world.  But what happens when we believe in this utopian world and we strive for it, but it never comes?  This utopian vision becomes the affirmatives Divine God in which they place hope.  Unfortunately, the aff is unable to deal with the death of God, they are unable to deal with the possibility that the future will be in no way better than today.

Scott 1990 (Charles E., professor of Philosophy at Pennsylvania State University, “The Question of Ethics: Nietzsche, Foucault, Heidegger,” Ed. John Sallis, p. 173-174)

Our Second link argument is Slave Morality – We are not responsible for the suffering of the world.  Believing we are morally responsible to fix things outside of our agency creates a deep form of self hatred when we are unable to effect change

Kain 7 (Phillip J., Professor of Philosophy at Santa Clara University "Nietzsche and the Horror of Existence", The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, Issue 33, Spring 2007)

Nietzsche simply dismisses the designed cosmosAND “Anti-Nature,” 6).

All of this breeds ressentiment, a hatred of the inability of the self to reach an imaginary threshold which symbolizes greatness and perfection.

Nietzsche 1887

(German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, On the Genealogy of Morals, pg89-90, KV)

If we leave aside the ascetic ideal, then man, -AND-man will sooner will nothingness than not will . . .

Democracy is rooted in ressentiment which acts only in reaction to hatred of strength – this requires hatred of otherness and is a denial of life

Newman, 2000 (Saul, Postdoctoral Fellow at Macquarie University, “Anarchism and the Politics of Ressentiment,” Theory and Event, Volume 4, Issue 3)

Political values also grew from this AND like anarchism, that advocate it.

Here we introduce The Fable

Friedrich Nietzsche in On Truth and Lies in an Extra-Moral Sense (accessible online at )

In some remote corner of the AND if the world pivoted around it.  

Our argument is about belief.  Nietzsche is famous for his proclamation that God is dead, but he didn’t mean that literally.  For Nietzsche the death of god is the conclusion of objective, transcendent, morality.  There is no higher power, there is no set of rules dropped from above, there is no monolithic mandate to drive humanity. 

Now that god is dead we have three options:

1. 
   
2. Fumble in the darkness with no hope and no meaning and no sense of morality.  This is Nihilism.  We are not this, so take those cards out of the 2AC order
3. The remaking of God by interjecting divinity into a new form of power.  For the aff, this higher power is Democracy Assistance and the glorious power of the USFG.  We are criticizing that.  (AND)
4. The Gay Science: a new and scarcely describable light.  For us, the death of god is exhilarating.  God is an enormous burden who brings Truth, foreclosing new forms of knowledge.  Because God is dead there is no rulebook to describe morality or truth.  Because God is dead, we can seek value in the here and now.  Life is all we have, so we have to enjoy it.  Just do it.

Turnali, 03 (The Journal of Nietzsche Studies 26 (2003) 55-63, Nietzsche and the Later Wittgenstein: An Offense to the Quest for Another World, Aydan Turanli, Professor, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Istanbul Technical

University).

Nietzsche questions idealization in ethics-AND- The only world we have is the world of sensations, change, and contradiction.

A great quote that describes our advocacy: “It’s not the destination that matters, but the journey. It’s not about where you go but how you get there.”

Also; “One day we reach our goal, and now point with pride to the long travels we undertook to reach it. In fact, we were not even aware of traveling. But we got so far because we fancied at every point that we were at home.”   - that was Nietzsche in the Gay Science.

We believe in the endless beauty of the Eternal Return.  We must imagine life will repeat itself infinitely.  We recognize the suffering of the world and its inevitability.  But when suffering is intrinsic to life, and we can recognize that, it becomes possible to overthrow the guilt and pain of suffering.  When suffering is life, we can use it to be stronger.  And in that strength, we can learn to reject those who try to alleviate our suffering.

Kain 7 (Phillip J., Professor of Philosophy at Santa Clara University "Nietzsche and the Horror of Existence", The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, Issue 33, Spring 2007) MZ

We have seen that in Nietzsche’s AND has succeeded in imposing on it.

Violence is weakness taking the form of eliminating the opponent.  Agonism requires a respect for the Other but does not preclude struggle between ideals

Hatab, 02 (Prospects For A Democratic Agon: Why We Can Still Be Nietzscheans, Lawrence J. Hatab, The Journal of Nietzsche Studies 24 (2002) 132-147, Professor of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Old Dominion University).

In the light of Nietzsche's appropriation of the two forms of Eris-AND- not connote a deterioration of a social disposition and can thus be extended to political relations.

Power cannot be broken down or created anew. We come from a world of power, it is not acted upon us, power is merely the relationship of forces between actors.  The affirmatives demand ignores the interplay of actions which make domination possible.  Simply rejecting institutions of power makes a recursion of domination inevitable.

Instead, we should accept our inevitable involvement in power and play within the WILL to power.  Recognizing the power inherent to our agency is necessary to move beyond ressentiment and open a new form of democracy which solves the impacts to the 1AC

Newman, 2000 (Saul, Postdoctoral Fellow at Macquarie University, “Anarchism and the Politics of Ressentiment,” Theory and Event, Volume 4, Issue 3)

Nietzsche believes that this attempt to AND words, an anarchism without ressentiment.

Debate is fundamentally a choice about the creation of community.  The Sacred order defines itself through fixity and confidence in the truth of one’s identities and of one’s national stories.  The Sacred order necessitates domination and the eradication of the profane other.  The Holy Community seeks self transcendence through the recognition of multiple truths and the affirmation of human dignity.

Fasching and deChant 2001(Darrell J., Professor of Religious Studies at the University of South Florida, Dell, Director of Religious Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of South Florida, Comparative Religious Ethics: A Narrative Approach, Pp. 10)

Human religiousness is defined by two AND share my identity and my stories.

Democracy assistance is the sacred order.  The affirmative provides assistance only in so far as recipient countries can be of utility to the United States.  This approach to democracy assistance guarantees domination and reification of sovereign violence

Ghannoushi 2011 (Soumaya, is a researcher in the history of ideas at the School of Oriental and African Studies. "Obama, hands off our spring" May 26 2011 www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/may/26/obama-hands-off-arab-spring)

The US wants to turn the AND , while occupying and aiding occupation.

The apologetic theology of the sacred order embodied in the affirmatives Democracy Assistance accepts the other as a means of converting that other to sameness.  This approach to the stranger guarantees extinction through nuclear apocalypse.

The alternative is alienated theology.

The alternative is key to bring about the Holy Community by rejecting our own version of truth and instead seeking truth through difference and the experience of the stranger.

Fasching1993(Darrell J. Fasching is a Professor of Religious Studies at the University of South Florida, The Ethical Challenge of Aushwitz and Hiroshima, Pp. 5-8)

The best way to describe the AND apocalypse that such a path risks.

***SAUDI DISAD CARDS***

1NC

Saudi relations are high. 

Coker 11 - BILL SPINDLE and MARGARET COKER, The New Cold War, Wall Street Journal, 4-16, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704116404576262744106483816.html

Saudi officials say that despite the ….disintegrate into chaos."

Democracy assistance crushes Saudi relations – independently causes them to intervene against the plan, turning case and causing war with Iran.

Nasr 5-23-11 – Vali, Will the Saudis Kill the Arab Spring?, Bloomberg, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-05-23/will-the-saudis-kill-the-arab-spring-.html

Saudi rulers have made clear that …the middle of the conflict.

US support for democracy has put the alliance on the brink – plan causes Saudi proliferation.

Rozen 11 – Chief foreign policy reporter for Politico, quoting Patrick Clawson, a Persian Gulf expert at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and Marc Lynch, a Middle East expert at George Washington University, 4/18, “Arab spring setbacks in the shadow of complicated U.S.-Saudi alliance”, Yahoo News,  http://news.yahoo.com/s/yblog_theenvoy/20110418/ts_yblog_theenvoy/optimism-for-arab-spring-fades-in-face-of-complicated-u-s-saudi-alliance

Riyadh, alarmed by the Obama administration's …of the bill" for Pakistan's nuclear program.

Nuclear war.

Russell 2006 (Richard L., Research associate in Georgetown University’s institute for the study of diplomacy and professor in Georgetown’s security studies program,  Military Review, “Military Planning for a Middle East Stockpiled with Nuclear Weapons” SRM)

How would the Middle East be affected ….the one that exists in Pakistan today.

Impact – prolif (no other war)

Probability – Deterrence is stable among great powers due to mutual second strike capabilities. Saudi prolif would be uniquely unstable. 

Edelman et al 11 – Distinguished Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; he was U.S. Undersecretary of Defense for Policy, President of the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, *Research Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, Eric S. Edelman, Andrew Krepinevich, Evan Montgomery, Foreign Affairs, “The dangers of a nuclear Iran”, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67162/eric-s-edelman-andrew-f-krepinevich-jr-and-evan-braden-montgomer/the-dangers-of-a-nuclear-iran

Regardless of India’s reaction, any decision ….weapons vulnerable to attack or theft.

Petro Dollar

Relations solve prevent petro-dollar switch and global economic collapse.

Freeman 2004 (Chas, Middle East Policy Council President, Federal News Service, p. lexis)

The second matter, and far more grave in… and this is not a minor, minor matter.

Growth controls all conflicts – guarantees global peace.  

Gartzke and Rohner 10 – Erik Gartzke Prof PoliSci @ UC San Diego, Dominic Rohner University of Zurich, “To Conquer or Compel: War, Peace, and Economic Development, “, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics University of Zurich Working Paper No. 511, 9-24, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1684000

To assess the relationship between

… if partial and incomplete, will eventually follow.

Relations key to solvency

Saudi relations solve anti-Americanism and regional credibility.

Lazazzero 8 – Junior Fellow @ the center for the study of the presidency and congress, Joseph, The U.S.-Saudi Alliance: A Necessary Shift toward Peace, Center for the Study of the Presidency and Congress, www.thepresidency.org/storage/documents/Fellows2008/Lazazzero.pdf

Strengthening the U.S.-Saudi partnership would …step toward negotiations (Morris & Khalaf, 2006). 

Saudi influence blocks solvency, even without military intervention.

Boucek 11 – Fellow @ Carnegie ME Program, Christopher, U.S.-Saudi Relations in the Shadow of the Arab Spring, Carnegie, 6-12, http://carnegieendowment.org/2011/06/21/u.s.-saudi-relations-in-shadow-of-arab-spring/1il

Since the onset of the Arab Spring, one of the ….status quo is the most important thing.

Saudi Arabia will go all in to roll back the plan

Ahrari 11 - Professor of National Security and Strategy of the Joint and Combined Warfighting School at the Armed Forces Staff College, Viewing the Arab Awakening from the saudi perspectives, Strategic Paradigms, 6-23, http://www.ehsanahrari.com/2011/06/23/viewing-the-arab-awakening-from-the-saudi-perspectives/

The Arab awakening’s aspirations to bring …suppressed immediately and unequivocally.

Saudis hate the plan – influence means Bahrain says no, turns the case

Desmukh 11 – Pakistan based journalist [FAHAD DESMUKH, Pakistan based journalist and former Bahrain blogger, Bahrain doesn’t want stability, Foreign Affairs, 6/22/11, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/06/22/bahrain_doesn_t_want_stability?page=0,2]

Buoyed by the backing of Saudi …last 40 years. Why change now?

Link proves Saudi Arabia will block solvency

Aziz and Musalem 11 – Institute for Social Policy and Understanding

[Sahar Aziz is a legal fellow at the institute for social Policy and understanding, an associate professor of law at Texas Wesleyan University School of Law and has served as a senior policy advisor at the office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties at the U.S. Department of Homeland security and Abdullah Musalem holds degrees in sociology as well as Middle eastern language and cultures and grew up in Bahrain, “Citizens not subjects,” Institute for Social Policy and Understanding (an independent, nonpartisan, research organization dedicated to research about pressing issues, especially those related to Muslims around the world), July 2011]

This pro-democracy movement faces significant ….the Bahraini ruling family.

Uniqueness

US approach to Bahrain determines Saudi relations – US is mending tensions now by stepping back from reform. 

Bremmer 11 – Ian, president of Eurasia Group and author of ‘The End of the Free Market’, Washington’s Stark Choice, Financial Times, 3-17,  http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/493c8dd0-50b7-11e0-9227-00144feab49a.html#axzz1ZKQW5n77

Saudi Arabia needs good relations with the …Saudis openly hedge their bets.

Despite recent tensions, relations are high.

The Frontier Post, 9-9-2011 (King Abdullah sends message to Obama, p. www.thefrontierpost.com/?p=53417)

Saudi Arabia’s King Abdullah has ….Donilon’s description of Obama’s message to the king.

Relations good - Diplomacy has resolved previous tensions over the arab spring.

AFP 9-16-11 – US, Saudi relationship in good shape: top US official

WASHINGTON — The key diplomatic relationship between …relationship" between Obama and King Abdullah.

A2 Palestine

Link controls the direction of uniqueness—as long as the US has credibility with Saudi Arabia, interests in the alliance can outweigh and compensate for pressures on Palestine. 

World Future Online 9-22-11 - Saudi Official: US Veto for Palestinian State Will Cost Saudi Alliance, http://wfol.tv/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=171:saudi-official-us-veto-for-palestinian-state-will-cost-saudi-alliance

The Saudi Arabian government will …Saudi's in their quest for a homeland!

Palestine dispute won’t escalate as long as Saudis believe the US is a credible ally.

Tobin 9-12-11 – Senior Online Editor of Commentary magazine, Jonathan, Saudi Bluff on Palestenians Fools No One, Commentary, http://www.commentarymagazine.com/2011/09/12/saudis-obama-bluff-veto/

Al-Faisal’s threats are patently absurd. The …for the sake of pique over the Palestinians.

Empirically Saudis aren’t willing to break the relationship over Palestine

Ottaway 9-23-11 – PhD, Senior Scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, David, Uncle Sam and the Saudi Split, Foreign Policy, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/09/23/uncle_sam_and_the_saudi_split

But Saudi Arabia and the United States ….their relations effectively froze anyway.

2nc Resiliency

Democracy assistance directly triggers Saudi prolif by destroying faith in the US security guarantee – other forms of relations are irrelevant.

Guzansky 7-1-11 – Research fellow at the Institute for National Security Studies at Tel Aviv University, Yoel, “Tehran tests Saudis' nerve on nuclear weapons” , The Australian, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/tehran-tests-saudis-nerve-on-nuclear-weapons/story-e6frg6ux-1226085108555

UNTIL recently it appeared that US security …that help guarantee the continuity of the regime.

Link overwhelms – plan undermines the strategic trust that is the foundation for all cooperation—causes abandonment of US security assurances.

Takeyh 11 – PhD is an Iranian-American Middle East scholar, former United States Department of State official, and a Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations.[1] He is also an Adjunct Professor at Georgetown University, Ray, “A Post-American Day Dawns in the Mideast”, 6-8, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/09/opinion/09iht-edtakeyh09.html?_r=2

For nearly 60 years, Saudi Arabia predicated its ….likely to be seriously contemplated in the House of Saud.

Emotional responses outweigh rational incentives for cooperation.

Molavi 11 – New American Foundation Middle East scholar, Afshin, “The state of the Saudi-U.S. relationship”, 3-22, http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2011/03/22/the-state-of-the-saudi-u-s-relationship/

At the bureaucratic level, the Saudi-U.S. …to be loyal to Mubarak.

Yes Prolif

Loss of credible US security guarantees causes Saudi prolif.

Bowman 2008 (Bradley L. is a Military Academy Social Sciences Assistant Professor,  term member of the Council on Foreign Relations, conducted his fellowship at the Senate Foreign Relations Committee., “Chain Reaction: Avoiding A Nuclear Arms Race In The Middle East,” Council on Foreign Relations, http://www.saudi-us-relations.org/fact-book/documents/2008/080315-arms-race.pdf SRM)

Those who believe Saudi Arabia would not ….by pursuing an independent nuclear deterrent

NPT can’t stop saudi prolif

Crimi 11 – Frank, Saudi Up the Nuclear Ante, Front Page Magazine, 7-22, http://frontpagemag.com/2011/07/22/saudis-up-the-nuclear-ante/

Fearful that he will soon face a nuclear-armed …step in the development of a nuclear weapons program.

Links

Plan collapses Saudi relations – they perceive US supported reform in Bahrain as an existential threat.

Ottaway 11 – Fellow @ Carnegie, Marina, Bahrain: Between the United States and Saudi Arabia, Carnegie, 4-4, http://carnegie-mec.org/publications/?fa=43416#

Attempts to solve the current crisis in … should take precedence right now.

US action in Bahrain ends Saudi relations – it makes us look like a bad partner which shifts all previous calculations, overcomes resiliency

NPR 11 – Quoting Jon Alterman, Director of Middle East project @ CSIS, Response To Arab Uprisings Causes U.S.-Saudi Rift, 4-6, http://www.npr.org/2011/04/06/135183927/response-to-arab-uprisings-causes-u-s-saudi-rift

Bahrain is a particular concern, he says.  "The Saudis saw ….environment, and it will act in its interest."

Bahrain overwhelms resiliency of Saudi relations

ICG 2011 - International Crisis Group, “Popular Protest In North Africa And The Middle East (Viii): Bahrain’s Rocky Road To Reform”, 7-28, http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/Middle%20East%20North%20Africa/Iran%20Gulf/Bahrain/111%20Popular%20Protest%20in%20North%20Africa%20and%20the%20Middle%20East%20VII%20%20Bahrains%20Rocky%20Road%20to%20Reform.pdf

Following on the heels of the Tunisian and …movements in Libya and Syria, but not in Bahrain.

Saudis view any US backing of reform in Bahrain as an existential threat – nothing could repair the damage to relations. Backlash independently collapses the economy.

Cooper 11 - HELENE COOPER and MARK LANDLER, Interests of Saudi Arabia and Iran Collide, With the U.S. in the Middle, NYT, 3-17, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/18/world/18diplomacy.html

Relations between the United States and Saudi ….the path to Mubarak’s fate.”

**Case**

No Pullout

Saudi crackdown makes the Bahrain regime resilient – blocks any change.

Stratfor 6-30-11 - The Greater Game in Bahrain, http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2011/06/30/the_greater_game_in_bahrain_99573.html

According to rumors cited by anonymous ….largest Shiite opposition group, Al Wefaq.

No 5^th fleet kick out.

NYT 11 - Pentagon Watching Unrest in Bahrain, 2-17

And thus far, Navy officers are quick to …of the base or those piers,” she said.

No kickout.

Stimson 11 - Anchors Away: The Future Of The US Navy’s Fifth Fleet In Bahrain, July 21, stimson center, http://www.stimson.org/spotlight/the-us-fifth-fleet-in-bahrain/

As of mid-July, the situation in Bahrain …these scenarios from materializing.

No 5^th fleet pullout.

Haass 11 – HuffPost Reporter, Samuel, Navy Staying in Bahrain, State Department Says, Huffington Post, 7-21, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/07/21/navy-bahrain-state-department_n_906193.html

WASHINGTON -- American officials are ….necessary reforms,” the State Department official said.

No risk of pullout – Agreement extended to 2016

Fifield and Dhabi, ’11 [Anna Fifield in Washington and Camilla Hall in Abu Dhabi, 9/1/11, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/6bdc0118-d40b-11e0-b7eb-00144feab49a.html#axzz1XUbBP6OE]

The US and Bahrain secretly extended their …years in 2002, pushing it out until 2016.

Pentagon blocks US withdrawal.

European Phoenix 11 - US Fifth Fleet Unwilling to Move out of Bahrain, 7-21, http://europeanphoenix.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=278%3Aus-fifth-fleet-unwilling-to-move-out-of-bahrain&catid=35%3Apolitica&lang=en

Although a number of politicians in …already-damaged reputation.

Other places solve

Fifth fleet presence not necessary – alternatives solve.

Koplovsky 6 - Michael Koplovsky, Joint Military Operations Department at the US Naval War College, “Precipitating the Inevitable:  The Surprisingly Benign  Impact of Losing Basing Rights in Bahrain”, October 23, http://dodreports.com/pdf/ada463412.pdf

Despite adamant arguments outlining the ….operating  base in the Persian Gulf.  

Regional allies compensate loss of the 5^th fleet.

Gresh 10 – research fellow and doctoral candidate at The Fletcher School  of Law and Diplomacy, Geoffrey, Traversing the Persian Gauntlet:  U.S. Naval Projection and the  Strait of Hormuz, the fletcher forum of world affairs, 34.1, http://ui04e.moit.tufts.edu/forum/archives/pdfs/34-1pdfs/34-1_Gresh.pdf

Instead of maintaining a strong naval …operational support.

NAVAL POWER DEFENSE

No impact to naval power

Rhodes 5 - Dr. Edward Rhodes is dean for the Social and Behavioral Sciences at Rutgers University.

A former International Affairs Fellow of the Council on Foreign Relations, he has

served in the Strategy and Concepts Branch of the Navy Staff, “. . . From the Sea” and Back Again

Naval Power in the Second American Century, Naval War College Review, Spring 1999, Vol. 52, No. 2, http://www.usnwc.edu/Publications/Naval-War-College-Press/Newport-Papers/Documents/24-pdf.aspx, p. 172-6

The lack of evidence in support of a …..interests of either the nation or the Navy.

Short term shift is possible – gulf allies will adopt burden sharing to handle the fifth fleet.

Gundun 11 – political scientist and counterinsurgency analyst, James, Winds of Change Rocking Bahrains Fifth Fleet, The Trench (blog), 7-22, http://hadalzone.blogspot.com/2011/07/winds-of-change-rocking-bahrains-fifth.html

Two sites under consideration in the ….sense logistically and geopolitically.

Alternative force postures quickly solve.

Koplovsky 6 - Michael Koplovsky, Joint Military Operations Department at the US Naval War College, “Precipitating the Inevitable:  The Surprisingly Benign  Impact of Losing Basing Rights in Bahrain”, October 23, http://dodreports.com/pdf/ada463412.pdf

Large, permanent, forward U.S. bases (MOBs) are ….place and  at the right time to succeed.

Empirically proven—bahrain not key.

Jones 11 – Toby C. Jones is assistant professor of history at Rutgers University. He is author of Desert Kingdom: How Oil and Water Forged Modern Saudi Arabia and an editor at Middle East Report, Time to Disband the Bahrain-Based U.S. Fifth Fleet, The Atlantic, June 10, http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/06/time-to-disband-the-bahrain-based-us-fifth-fleet/240243/2/?single_page=true

There are a number of reasons why the Fifth Fleet may ….would be a good place to start.

Other gulf allies solve case.

Koplovsky 6 - Michael Koplovsky, Joint Military Operations Department at the US Naval War College, “Precipitating the Inevitable:  The Surprisingly Benign  Impact of Losing Basing Rights in Bahrain”, October 23, http://dodreports.com/pdf/ada463412.pdf

The United States has other forward presence ….inside the Strait of Hormuz chokepoint.

No Impact to Heg

Constraints on hegemony will force peaceful drawdown of commitments – solves great power wars.

MacDonald and Parent 11 – Asst Prof. of PoliSci @ Williams College and Parent, Asst Prof. PoliSci @ U of Miami, Paul and Joseph, “Graceful Decline?” International Security, 35.4, Project MUSE

Implications for Sino-U.S. Relations Our findings ….transitions and hegemonic change.

Our evidence uses the best data.

MacDonald and Parent 11 – Asst Prof. of PoliSci @ Williams College and Parent, Asst Prof. PoliSci @ U of Miami, Paul and Joseph, “Graceful Decline?” International Security, 35.4, Project MUSE

Paul and Joseph, “Graceful Decline?”, International Security, 35.4, Project MUSE

In this article, we question the logic and ….that failed to retrench recovered their relative position

No transition wars—Regional geography and co-operation checks.

Press et al 97 – Eugene Gholz and Daryl G. Press are doctoral candidates in the Department of Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Harvey M. Sapolsky is Professor of Public Policy and Organization in the Department of Political Science at M.I.T. and Director of the M.I.T. Defense and Arms Control Studies (DACS) Program. This paper began as a project for the DACS Working Group on Defense Politics, “Come home, America”, International Security, Spring97, Vol. 21, Issue 4

The selective engagers' strategy is wrong for two ….someone else's faraway great power war.

1nc can’t say substantial

A. you can’t say substantial in the plan – it’s unacceptable for policy debates

Nagin, 2004

(Stephen E., Attorney for Respondents before the Federal Trade Comission: Basic Research, A.G. Waterhouse, Klein-Becker USA, Nutrasport, SÖVAGE DERMALOGIC LABORATORIES, Ban, Dennis Gay, Daniel B. Mowrey, “United states of America Before Federal Trade Commission,” June 28, http://www.ftc.gov/os/adjpro/d9318/040628respmodefinitestmnt.pdf)

The Commission’s failure to define ….people and prosecutors alike.’”).

B. this is a voting issue

1. ground – it’s impossible to know what the plan means, that’s obviously the minimum requirement for our answers to it.  Also kills education because they don’t know what the plan does.

2. no solvency – Nagin says the plan would be declared unconstitutional.

1nc t – democracy assistance

Democracy assistance is direct material and technical support to democratic institutions and initiatives. That is distinct from overseeing transition

Lappin 10 – Ph .D . candidate at the Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies  at the University of Leuven in Belgium . Richard has participated in over a dozen democracy  assistance missions with the UN, EU, OSCE and Carter Center, Richard, What We Talk About When We Talk About Democracy Assistance: The Problem of Definition in Post-Conflict Approaches to Democratization, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, 4.1, http://www.cejiss.org/sites/default/files/8.pdf

Democracy assistance can be most ….a broader democracy  promotion paradigm

Prefer it

A. Limits – they cause a completely new topic: allowing sanctions, conditioning, diplomacy and military action. This makes in-depth neg research impossible because there are too many affs.

B. Precision – our interpretation is the only predictable one with intent to define democracy assistance.

Topicality is a voter, it tells people what to prepare for.

1NC fasching

Debate is fundamentally a choice about the creation of community.  The Sacred order defines itself through fixity and confidence in the truth of one’s identities and of one’s national stories.  The Sacred order necessitates domination and the eradication of the profane other.  The Holy Community seeks self transcendence through the recognition of multiple truths and the affirmation of human dignity.

Fasching and deChant 2001(Darrell J., Professor of Religious Studies at the University of South Florida, Dell, Director of Religious Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of South Florida, Comparative Religious Ethics: A Narrative Approach, Pp. 10)

Human religiousness is defined by two ….not share my identity and my stories.

Democracy assistance is the sacred order.  The affirmative provides assistance only in so far as recipient countries can be of utility to the United States.  This approach to democracy assistance guarantees domination and reification of sovereign violence

Ghannoushi 2011 (Soumaya, is a researcher in the history of ideas at the School of Oriental and African Studies. "Obama, hands off our spring" May 26 2011 www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/may/26/obama-hands-off-arab-spring)

The US wants to turn the Arab revolutions…. while occupying and aiding occupation.

The apologetic theology of the sacred order embodied in the affirmatives Democracy Assistance accepts the other as a means of converting that other to sameness.  This approach to the stranger guarantees extinction through nuclear apocalypse.

The alternative is alienated theology.

The alternative is key to bring about the Holy Community by rejecting our own version of truth and instead seeking truth through difference and the experience of the stranger.

Fasching1993(Darrell J. Fasching is a Professor of Religious Studies at the University of South Florida, The Ethical Challenge of Aushwitz and Hiroshima, Pp. 5-8)

The best way to describe the …. cloud of a nuclear apocalypse that such a path risks.

Fifth Fleet

Saudi crackdown makes the Bahrain regime resilient – blocks any change.

Stratfor 6-30-11 - The Greater Game in Bahrain, http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2011/06/30/the_greater_game_in_bahrain_99573.html

According to rumors cited by anonymous Bahraini and Saudi government sources on Tuesday, the 1,000-plus Saudi-led Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) force, deployed to ….Shiite opposition group, Al Wefaq.

No 5^th fleet kick out.

NYT 11 - Pentagon Watching Unrest in Bahrain, 2-17

And thus far, Navy officers are quick to point ….the base or those piers,” she said.

No kickout.

Stimson 11 - Anchors Away: The Future Of The US Navy’s Fifth Fleet In Bahrain, July 21, stimson center, http://www.stimson.org/spotlight/the-us-fifth-fleet-in-bahrain/

As of mid-July, the situation in Bahrain has ….scenarios from materializing.

Fifth fleet presence not necessary – alternatives solve.

Koplovsky 6 - Michael Koplovsky, Joint Military Operations Department at the US Naval War College, “Precipitating the Inevitable:  The Surprisingly Benign  Impact of Losing Basing Rights in Bahrain”, October 23, http://dodreports.com/pdf/ada463412.pdf

Despite adamant arguments outlining …forward operating  base in the Persian Gulf.  

Regional allies compensate loss of the 5^th fleet.

Gresh 10 – research fellow and doctoral candidate at The Fletcher School  of Law and Diplomacy, Geoffrey, Traversing the Persian Gauntlet:  U.S. Naval Projection and the  Strait of Hormuz, the fletcher forum of world affairs, 34.1, http://ui04e.moit.tufts.edu/forum/archives/pdfs/34-1pdfs/34-1_Gresh.pdf

Instead of maintaining a strong naval ….Gulf with minimal U.S.  operational support.

No impact to naval power

Rhodes 5 - Dr. Edward Rhodes is dean for the Social and Behavioral Sciences at Rutgers University.

A former International Affairs Fellow of the Council on Foreign Relations, he has

served in the Strategy and Concepts Branch of the Navy Staff, “. . . From the Sea” and Back Again

Naval Power in the Second American Century, Naval War College Review, Spring 1999, Vol. 52, No. 2, http://www.usnwc.edu/Publications/Naval-War-College-Press/Newport-Papers/Documents/24-pdf.aspx, p. 172-6

The lack of evidence in support of a ….of either the nation or the Navy.

Iran’s regional hegemony is collapsing – they can’t influence Bahrain.

Khalaji 11 – Sr Fellow @ Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Mehdi, Iran's Policy Confusion About Bahrain, Real Clear World, 6-28, http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2011/06/28/irans_policy_confusion_about_iran_99568.html

CONFUSION ABOUT BAHRAIN  The protests ….event of confrontation with their governments.

Hegemony

Constraints on hegemony will force peaceful drawdown of commitments – solves great power wars.

MacDonald and Parent 11 – Asst Prof. of PoliSci @ Williams College and Parent, Asst Prof. PoliSci @ U of Miami, Paul and Joseph, “Graceful Decline?” International Security, 35.4, Project MUSE

Implications for Sino-U.S. Relations Our ….of power transitions and hegemonic change.

Retrenchment prevents extended deterrence breakdowns and nuclear war with Russia.

Bandow 2009 -  Senior Fellow @ Cato Institute and Former Special Adviser to Reagan, Doug, “More Friends, More War”, Cato Institute, July 13, http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=10348

Today, however, Washington hands out security …would have to be on the United States.

Hegemony destroys effective institutions global public goods. 

Ikenberry et al 9 - G. John Ikenberry is a professor of politics and international affairs at Princeton University, Michael Mastanduno is a professor of government and associate dean for social sciences at Dartmouth College, William C. Wohlforth is a professor of government at Dartmouth College, “Unipolarity, State Behavior, and Systemic Consequences”, World Politics, 61.1, Jan, MUSE

Unipolarity and Revisionism: Is the Unipole a ….attempts to mask the actual pursuit of private goods.

Extinction.

DC 4 – Magazine for Development and Cooperation, funded by Germany’s Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Where Markets Fail, March, http://www.inwent.org/E+Z/content/archive-eng/03-2004/edit_art1.html

There are also public goods at the global ….successful they might turn out.

Hegemony causes prolif, makes collapse and war inevitable.

Jervis 9 – Professor of international politics at Columbia University, Robert, World Politics, 61.1, Jan, MUSE

Failure would not mean that the …scholars and national leaders. [End Page 213]

Hegemonic decline causes a concert of power – solves instability.

Lind 2006 – JD, Guest Lecturer @ Harvard, President of the New America Foundation, Michael, The American Way of Strategy, p. 187-8

A concert of power strategy serves ….strength, not to encourage their weakness.

Concert of interests is probable—great powers have aligned interests.

Lind 7- JD, Guest Lecturer @ Harvard, Sr Fellow @ New America foundation, “Beyond American Hegemony”, New America Foundation, May, http://www.newamerica.net/publications/articles/2007/beyond_american_hegemony_5381

A concert-of-power strategy would …terrorism, anarchy and aggression by lesser states.

Email Mgonzalez911@gmail.com

This wiki hasn't been good to me lately, I will send you anything you need as long as it isn't the day before the tournament.

Neg: Trinity GM

Round 2 Shirley

VS: Mary Washington MM

JudgeL Sherry Hall

Off case args:
 Saudi Relations

Egypt Offsets CP

Fashing K

Case Args:
 SCAF Backlash

Egypt Transition Wars

Block Strategy:

Fasching

Saudi

Case with no offense

2NR:

Fasching

Trinity GM Neg

Round # 5 Harvard

Vs Team: Wake BC

Judge: Eric Morris

Case Args:

Defense

Off Case Args:

T – Substantial = Vague

Politics – Payroll Tax

Saudi SOI DA

Fear/Anxiety K

Block Strategy:

K

Saudi DA

Case

2nr Strategy:

K

Additionally, Truth Commissions are designed to exorcize the ghost of the past which haunts our present  day policies and events, always reminding us of the atrocities we committed.

Bevernage 10

[Berber Bevernage. Research Fellow at the University of Ghent and currently (2009-2010) a Visiting Professor at the Free University of Amsterdam. “Writing the Past Out of the Present: History and the Politics of Time in Transitional Justice” History Workshop Journal. 2010. Project Muse]

While the use of modern historical AND order to put to death'.80

This inevitably corrupts the implementation of the Truth Commission. Commissioners aren’t able to promote genuine forgiveness because they coerce victims into reconciling with the perpetrators.

Bevernage 10

[Berber Bevernage. Research Fellow at the University of Ghent and currently (2009-2010) a Visiting Professor at the Free University of Amsterdam. “Writing the Past Out of the Present: History and the Politics of Time in Transitional Justice” History Workshop Journal. 2010. Project Muse]

In South Africa, for exampleAND work towards progress and development.'

2NC Knowing the Other

The Affirmative assumes that they want to forgive us – this attempt at knowing the Other produces mass violence.

Brasher, 2001 (Stephen, “The Unassimilated Other: A Levinasian Critique of Phenomenological Ontology,” Honors Thesis for The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Department of Philosophy and Religion, April 2, http://www.utc.edu/Administration/DepartmentalHonors/BrasherS.pdf)

The inherent philosophical problem with this AND different from that of his predecessors.

This manifests itself in the scapegoating and violence against those who refuse to forgive us.

Bevernage 10

[Berber Bevernage. Research Fellow at the University of Ghent and currently (2009-2010) a Visiting Professor at the Free University of Amsterdam. “Writing the Past Out of the Present: History and the Politics of Time in Transitional Justice” History Workshop Journal. 2010. Project Muse]

Very little is known about the AND the future progress of the nation.

1nc

A. you can’t say substantial in the plan – it’s unacceptable for policy debates

Nagin, 2004

(Stephen E., Attorney for Respondents before the Federal Trade Comission: Basic Research, A.G. Waterhouse, Klein-Becker USA, Nutrasport, SÖVAGE DERMALOGIC LABORATORIES, Ban, Dennis Gay, Daniel B. Mowrey, “United states of America Before Federal Trade Commission,” June 28, http://www.ftc.gov/os/adjpro/d9318/040628respmodefinitestmnt.pdf)

The Commission’s failure to define the term “substantial

AND

 ‘the words ‘substantial portion’ are so vague as to be meaningless to doctors, lay people and prosecutors alike.’”).

B. this is a voting issue

1. ground – it’s impossible to know what the plan means, that’s obviously the minimum requirement for our answers to it.  Also kills education because they don’t know what the plan does.

2. no solvency – Nagin says the plan would be declared unconstitutional.

1nc

Payroll tax cuts will pass – it’s the top of the docket and capital is key.

Wall Street Journal 12-31-11 - White House Looks to Shrunken 2012 Legislative Agenda

HONOLULU—President Barack Obama heads into 2012 with a legislative agenda that essentially consists of just a single item—a long-term extension of a payroll tax holiday—deferring a fight over deficit reduction and the Bush-era tax cuts and all but giving up on the remaining components of his jobs bill as he pivots to an election-year strategy of attacking Congress.       

AND

But the extension won't happen without a fight between the two parties, and Mr. Obama will try to capitalize on the moment by deploying his now-familiar message of being a champion of the middle class.

Democracy assistance costs capital

Richter 11 – Tribune Washington bureau, Paul, Spending Concerns Sidetrack Aid Efforts, The Spokesman-Review, 4-13, http://www.spokesman.com/stories/2011/apr/13/spending-concerns-sidetrack-aid-efforts/

WASHINGTON – The Obama administration’s efforts to use foreign aid to help Middle East and North African nations undergoing democratic transitions have been stopped short by a Congress focused on paring federal debt and other spending priorities. 

AND

The proposal has met strong resistance from appropriators in Congress, aides say.

Payroll tax cuts key to the economy.

Carr 9-7-11 – Chuck Marr is the Director of Federal Tax Policy at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities.  From 1999 through 2004, he was Economic Policy Advisor to Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle and Senior Advisor for Budget Policy at the National Economic Council from 1997 through 1999 during the second term of President Clinton.  Tax policy was a key area of responsibility of both these positions.  In addition, earlier in his career he was Chief Economist of the Senate Budget Committee and a professional staff member of the Senate Banking Committee. Most recently, prior to joining the Center in March, 2009, he was a senior political strategist in the Washington Research Group of Lehman Brothers and Barclays Capital, where he analyzed the impact of public policy on financial markets.  He has also taught as an adjunct Professor at Georgetown University, Letting Payroll Tax Cut Expire Would Shrink Worker Paychecks and Damage Weak Economy, Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, http://www.cbpp.org/cms/?fa=view&id=3572

Failure by Congress to extend the temporary payroll tax cut enacted last December would reduce all paychecks starting on January 1, withdrawing needed support from the still-weak economy

AND

 included in the 2009 Recovery Act (and now scheduled to expire at the end of 2012). [13]

Global economic collapse causes food crisis, economic hardships, and increases poverty

Klare, 9 (Michael T. Author and Professor of Peace and World-Security Studies at Hampshire College,  March 19, 2009 “The Second Shockwave” http://www.huffingtonpost.com/michael-t-klare/the-second-shockwave_b_176358.html)

While the economic contraction is apparently slowing in the advanced industrial countries and may reach bottom in the not-too-distant future,

AND

: "The economic crisis is projected to increase poverty by around 46 million people in 2009."

1nc

usaid office of democracy and governance should conduct a qualitative appraisal of democracy assistance in order to determine if united states federal government should substantially increase research tools for political participation to disability organizations in yemen, and submit the results of the appraisal to congress. The united states federal government should implement the policy recommendations of the appraisal.

It competes – CP results in less worlds plan could happen. “Should” means “must”, which implies unconditionality, that’s dictionary.com.

Prior appraisal is key to good democracy assistance policy.

Burnell 8 - Peter Burnell, Department of International Studies, University of Warwick, From Evaluating Democracy Assistance to Appraising Democracy Promotion, POLITICAL STUDIES: 2008 VOL 56, 414 – 434, http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic920402.files/Evaluating%20Democracy%2008.pdf

Yet even these endeavours do not go far enough,

AND

. For policy deliberations to benefit, an enabling institutional environment must exist as well.

Lack of prior appraisal guarantees congressional resistance to plan, CP guarantees plan approval.

Burnell 8 - Peter Burnell, Department of International Studies, University of Warwick, From Evaluating Democracy Assistance to Appraising Democracy Promotion, POLITICAL STUDIES: 2008 VOL 56, 414 – 434, http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic920402.files/Evaluating%20Democracy%2008.pdf

In the United States Thomas Carothers (1997; 2004) has repeatedly argued that the actors need to adopt a more strategic approach while at the same time explaining why this has been slow to emerge

AND

A common and well documented area of concern in all Commission programmes is the weak link between programming and political analysis’.

Debating over the specific merits of policies using empirical evidence is necessary to solve propagandist takeover and serial policy failure.  Evaluating opportunity costs is key.

Anderson 3 – Lisa Anderson, Dean of the School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia, former President of the Middle East Studies Association, November 2003, online: http://www.campus-watch.org/article/id/871

Yet, there is far more that we must do, as an institution and as

AND

not on its merits but by the sources of its funding, whether in Iran or Saudi Arabia or Egypt or the United States.

Focus over the best policy option is key to reclaiming debates about Democracy Assistance from the right

Walt 2011 (Stephen M. Walt, Professor of International Affairs at Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government, July 21, 2011, “International Affairs and the Public Sphere,” online: http://publicsphere.ssrc.org/walt-international-affairs-and-the-public-sphere/)

Academics can make at least three distinct contributions to public discourse on global affairs

AND

Given these different agendas, it is not surprising that policymakers often find academic scholarship to be of less value than the scholars who produce it might wish.

Refusing to calculate masks the most totalitarian calculations. Refusal to be responsible for all the potential outcomes of our actions is the worst for violence and totally unethical

Campbell, Professor of International Politics at the University of Newcastle, 1999

(David, “The Deterritorialization of Responsibility,” Moral Spaces, Eds. Michael J. Shapiro & David Campbell, p. 45-7)

That undecidability resides within the decision

AND

We cannot attempt to disqualify it today, whether crudely or with sophistication, at least not without treating it too lightly and forming the worst complicities."96>

1nc

Assistance inevitably results in a violent conversion to sameness.  Any intervention in the Arab Spring risks imperial takeover and regime manipulation to serve the interests of the US

Ghannoushi 2011 (Soumaya, is a researcher in the history of ideas at the School of Oriental and African Studies. "Obama, hands off our spring" May 26 2011 www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/may/26/obama-hands-off-arab-spring)

The US wants to turn the Arab revolutions into eastern Europe part 2.

AND

while occupying and aiding occupation.

The affirmative interjects guilt into politics and attempts to rectify past misgivings – instead we should adopt an ethic of Shame.  Rather than try to right the wrongs of the past, we must first recognize our complacency in those mistakes not as accidents along the road but rather as a fundamental failure to secure Being.  Only the alternative can prevent the repetition of violent imperialism abroad.

Dean and Copjec, 2006 (Jodi Dean, college professor in political science with 2 kids and Joan Copjec, Department of English, Comparative Literature, and Media Study at the University of Buffalo, where she is the Director of the Center for the Study of Psychoanalysis and Culture.  “For Shame” http://www.long-sunday.net/long_sunday/2006/04/the_world_socia.html)

The World Socialist website includes today a report on a North Carolina man

AND

 But, what do we do when the answer is, "No--I have none"?

CASE

Education barriers make disability discrimination inevitable

Turmusani 2005 – Researcher specializing in disability and development issues (Majid, “Yemen: Disability Profile,” http://www.disabilityworld.org/12-02_05/news/yemen.shtml)

It is notable that education for disabled people in Yemen is generally segregated in institutions some of which are residential with long waiting lists

AND

This model of trusting in the ability of disabled people to lead their own development deserves study and support.

Can’t overcome bureaucracy and deficits in health assistance

National Yemen 2011 (“Yemeni’s Handicapped By Poor Care, War Lack Aid,” National Yemen, January, 2011, http://nationalyemen.com/2011/01/17/yemenis-handicapped-by-poor-care-war-lack-aid/)

 “Only, bureaucracy in dealing with the funding authorities is hampering our work

AND

where they may wait for months for proper attention.”

US institutionalization makes marginalization of disabled persons inevitable

Lee 2011 – J.D. Candidate 2011, Columbia Law School (Bryan Y., “The U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Its Impact upon Involuntary Civil Commitment of Individuals with Developmental Disabilities,” 44 Colum. J.L. & Soc. Probs. 393)

That individuals with developmental disabilities are held against their will in state institutions is a forgotten reality in the United States

AND

then current state statutes must be changed.

Medical model is NON-UNIQUE—American policy rejects it

Stein and Stein 2007 – Cabell Research Professor, William & Mary School of Law; Visiting Scholar, East Asian Legal Studies Program Harvard Law School; J.D. Harvard, Ph.D. Cambridge University and Visiting Scholar, East Asian Legal Studies Program Harvard Law School; Ph.D. Cambridge University (Michael Ashley and Penelope J.S., “Beyond Disability Civil Rights,” 58 Hastings L.J. 1203)

Historically, society viewed persons with disabilities through a medical model that considered "handicapped" individuals as naturally excluded from mainstream culture

AND

 As an antidiscrimination statute, the ADA entitles people with disabilities to be treated equally to the general population.

American Disabilities Act proves

Stein and Stein 2007 – Cabell Research Professor, William & Mary School of Law; Visiting Scholar, East Asian Legal Studies Program Harvard Law School; J.D. Harvard, Ph.D. Cambridge University and Visiting Scholar, East Asian Legal Studies Program Harvard Law School; Ph.D. Cambridge University (Michael Ashley and Penelope J.S., “Beyond Disability Civil Rights,” 58 Hastings L.J. 1203)

Disability rights advocates have successfully

AND

of having a disability are mutable. n35

Status quo solves Yemeni discrimination – infrastructure and awareness

National Yemen 2011 (“Yemeni’s Handicapped By Poor Care, War Lack Aid,” National Yemen, January, 2011, http://nationalyemen.com/2011/01/17/yemenis-handicapped-by-poor-care-war-lack-aid/)

According to the Director of the Social Affairs Office in the governorate

AND

, in an attempt to provide rehabilitation, assistance, and treatment.

TURN - Social model encourages backsliding—individuals won’t seek any medical assistance

Shakespeare and Watson 2002 – Department of Sociology, University of Newcastle and Department of Nursing Studies, University of Edinburgh (Tom and Nicholas, “The social model of disability: an outdated ideology?”  Research in Social Science and Disability, http://www.leeds.ac.uk/disability-studies/archiveuk/Shakespeare/social%20model%20of%20disability.pdf)

If the social model argument was pushed to its logical extreme, we might not see impairment as something which we should make efforts to avoid

AND

 that we should not always try to avoid impairment.

TURNS CASE—Complacency prevents advancement of necessary equality measures

Stein and Stein 2007 – Cabell Research Professor, William & Mary School of Law; Visiting Scholar, East Asian Legal Studies Program Harvard Law School; J.D. Harvard, Ph.D. Cambridge University and Visiting Scholar, East Asian Legal Studies Program Harvard Law School; Ph.D. Cambridge University (Michael Ashley and Penelope J.S., “Beyond Disability Civil Rights,” 58 Hastings L.J. 1203)

However, despite the success of disability rights advocates in invoking the social model

AND

a central means of achieving that goal has been neglected.