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T - Democracy Assistance
- Tournament: GSU | Round: 4 | Opponent: Kansas KK | Judge:
Democracy assistance is direct material and technical support to democratic institutions and groups.
Lappin 10 – Ph .D . candidate at the Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven in Belgium . Richard has participated in over a dozen democracy assistance missions with the UN, EU, OSCE and Carter Center, Richard, What We Talk About When We Talk About Democracy Assistance: The Problem of Definition in Post-Conflict Approaches to Democratization, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, 4.1, http://www.cejiss.org/sites/default/files/8.pdf
Democracy assistance can be most accurately defined
very precise instrument within a broader democracy promotion paradigm Truth and reconciliation committees are part of an indirect approach to democracy assistance that unlimits the topic – makes in-depth research impossible.
Burnell 2k – Peter J., prof of politics @ U of Warwick, Democracy assistance: international co-operation for democratization, p. 11-13.
Democratization may be served best by
provides conflicting answers to questions such as these. 2nc Evidence Definitions based on government programs should be rejected – they arbitrarily categorize aid programs.
Lappin 10 – Ph .D . candidate at the Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven in Belgium . Richard has participated in over a dozen democracy assistance missions with the UN, EU, OSCE and Carter Center, Richard, What We Talk About When We Talk About Democracy Assistance: The Problem of Definition in Post-Conflict Approaches to Democratization, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, 4.1, http://www.cejiss.org/sites/default/files/8.pdf
Furthermore, as democracy has become increasingly
with fashionable governance themes they dont meet their C/I
Amnesty International No Date - TRUTH COMMISSIONS, http://www.amnesty.org/en/international-justice/issues/truth-commissions
In more than 30 countries, truth
all the victims and their families a2 we are rule of law
Lappin 10 – Ph .D . candidate at the Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven in Belgium . Richard has participated in over a dozen democracy assistance missions with the UN, EU, OSCE and Carter Center, Richard, POST-CONFLICT DEMOCRACY ASSISTANCE: A STATE OF THE ART, The Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies , http://soc.kuleuven.be/web/files/9/51/Vol85.pdf Democracy assistance to state institutions
public of their democratic rights, and to advocate reform. Maximalist definitions of democracy render the term meaningless and unlimited.
Lappin 10 – Ph .D . candidate at the Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven in Belgium . Richard has participated in over a dozen democracy assistance missions with the UN, EU, OSCE and Carter Center, Richard, POST-CONFLICT DEMOCRACY ASSISTANCE: A STATE OF THE ART, The Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies , http://soc.kuleuven.be/web/files/9/51/Vol85.pdf
Maximalist democracy, in contrast, has been
more of a commonsense word. 26 governance is an unlimited concept that massively expands the resolution. This undermines our ability to do in-depth research against most affs.
Wodzicki 7 – Global Youth Fellow, 2007/08 Coordinator, Democratic Development Rights & Democracy @ Centre for the Study of Democracy at Queens University, Michael, Public Sector Reform and Democracy Assistance: A Literature Review Prepared for: Delivering Democracy Centre for the Study of Democracy Queen’s University, 12-1, www.gordonfn.org/resfiles/wodzicki_PSR%2520and%2520Democracy%2520Assistance.pdf
It is important to note that there
is accountable to it citizens.6 limits ow
Rowland 84 – Robert C., Baylor U., “Topic Selection in Debate”, American Forensics in Perspective. Ed. Parson, p. 53-4
The first major problem identified by the work
small schools to cancel their programs. k2 education
Branson 7 – NDT Winner, Interned @ CSIS, Josh, Reflections about debate and policymaking, edebate, 5-31, http://cedadebate.org/pipermail/mailman/2007-May/072163.html
Well, that?s not the way it worked at all,
in a way of meaningfully engaging the policy process. Our interpretation is the middle ground. They can assist 6 countries in lots of ways. There are lots of actors, methods of assistance, and agents to funnel assistance through.
Carothers 9 – Vice-president for studies at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Thomas, Democracy assistance: political vs. developmental?, Journal of Democracy Volume 20, Number 1 January 2009. http://www.carnegieendowment.org/files/01_20_1_carothers.pdf
Concept of democracy: The political a
the power of the nondemocratic actors.
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T - Minimalist
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Interpretation – democracy assistance should be based on a minimalist concept of democracy.
Democracy is a regime that fills government offices based on contested elections.
Przeworski 96 - Adam Przeworski is professor of political science at New York University. Michael Alvarez is assistant professor of political science at De Paul University. José Antonio Cheibub is assistant professor of politics at the University of Pennsylvania. Fernando Limongi is assistant professor of political science at the University of São Paulo, What Makes Democracies Endure?, Journal of Democracy 7.1 (1996) 39-55
We define democracy as a
is obviously a minimalist definition. A. Limits – minimalist definitions prevent the topic from becoming huge. That’s key to our ability to do in-depth research on most affs.
Goldstone 8 – Prof Public Policy @ George Mason Jack, Improving Democracy Assistance: Building Knowledge Through Evaluations and Research Committee on Evaluation of USAID Democracy Assistance Programs, National Research Council of the National Academies, http://sitemason.vanderbilt.edu/files/dFNH0I/Improving_Democracy_Assistance__Final_report.pdf
Although there is general consensus
attributes, and each should be fully developed. B. Literature – most democracy assistance is based on a minimalist definition.
Rudebeck 2 – Lars Rudebeck, Dept of Political Science, Uppsala University, On the Twofold Meaning of Democracy and Democratisation, Democracy, Power and Partnership – Implications for Development Cooperation Proceeding from a conference arranged by the Collegium for Development Studies at Uppsala University in cooperation with Sida May 6, 2002, www.kus.uu.se/pdf/publications/outlook_development/outlook17.pdf
It is a serious problem, therefore,
equalisation in the aid-receiving countries. 2nc Evidence Maximalist definitions of democracy render the term meaningless and unlimited.
Lappin 10 – Ph .D . candidate at the Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven in Belgium . Richard has participated in over a dozen democracy assistance missions with the UN, EU, OSCE and Carter Center, Richard, POST-CONFLICT DEMOCRACY ASSISTANCE: A STATE OF THE ART, The Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies , http://soc.kuleuven.be/web/files/9/51/Vol85.pdf
Maximalist democracy, in contrast,
and more of a commonsense word. 26 Including indirect assistance makes the topic massive and hurts our ability to do in-depth research against most affs.
Lappin 10 – Ph .D . candidate at the Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven in Belgium . Richard has participated in over a dozen democracy assistance missions with the UN, EU, OSCE and Carter Center, Richard, What We Talk About When We Talk About Democracy Assistance: The Problem of Definition in Post-Conflict Approaches to Democratization, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, 4.1, http://www.cejiss.org/sites/default/files/8.pdf
Such fastidiousness on the boundaries of
post-conflict democracy assistance can be drawn Definitions based on government programs should be rejected – they arbitrarily categorize aid programs.
Lappin 10 – Ph .D . candidate at the Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven in Belgium . Richard has participated in over a dozen democracy assistance missions with the UN, EU, OSCE and Carter Center, Richard, What We Talk About When We Talk About Democracy Assistance: The Problem of Definition in Post-Conflict Approaches to Democratization, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, 4.1, http://www.cejiss.org/sites/default/files/8.pdf
Furthermore, as democracy has become
tune with fashionable governance themes Defining democracy is a prior question to determining what democracy assistance is.
Lappin 10 – Ph .D . candidate at the Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven in Belgium . Richard has participated in over a dozen democracy assistance missions with the UN, EU, OSCE and Carter Center, Richard, What We Talk About When We Talk About Democracy Assistance: The Problem of Definition in Post-Conflict Approaches to Democratization, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, 4.1, http://www.cejiss.org/sites/default/files/8.pdf
What Model of Democracy (Assistance)?
has reached an adequate level of democracy A2 Aff Ground Our interpretation is the middle ground. They can assist 6 countries in lots of ways. There are lots of actors, methods of assistance, and agents to funnel assistance through.
Carothers 9 – Vice-president for studies at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Thomas, Democracy assistance: political vs. developmental?, Journal of Democracy Volume 20, Number 1 January 2009. http://www.carnegieendowment.org/files/01_20_1_carothers.pdf
Concept of democracy: The political
power of the nondemocratic actors.
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Framework
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
A. The point of stasis—the resolution dictates they must defend the USFG democracy assistance to countries in the Arab Spring
Ericson3 (Jon M., Dean Emeritus of the College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., et al., The Debater’s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4)
The Proposition of Policy: Urging
compelling reasons for an audience to perform the future action that you propose. They change the point of stasis since democracy assistance is promotion of the rule of law, human rights, elections, free media, stronger civil society and greater citizen participation.
Huber ‘8
[DANIELA HUBER Department of International Relations, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, Democracy Assistance in the Middle East and North Africa: A Comparison of US and EU Policies, Mediterranean Politics, Vol. 13, No. 1, 43–62, March 2008]
The US and EU have quite
efficient, responsive, and accountable. (USAID, 2005: 4) B. The link—asserting a new point of stasis for debate destroys deliberative argument, we need agreement before the round or debates could devolve into ridiculous claims like vote for us because we’re Spurs fans and Tim Duncan is awesome.
O’Donnell 4 –Dr. Tim O'Donnell, Director of Debate at Mary Washington, 2004
(Blue Helmet Blues: United Nations Peacekeeping and the United States, Ed. Stefan Bauschard& Jean-Paul Lacy, http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/DRGArtiarticlesIndex.htm, PhD at Pittsburgh)
The answer, I believe, resides deep in the rhetorical
gives the exchange a directed focus. This means you should exclude the aff as irrelevant to the topic of discussion
Walton 4 – Douglas Walton, Full Professor of Philosophy at the University of Winnipeg, 2004
(Relevance in Argumentation) pg. 126
Such matters of how a chain of arguments can be relevant to the issue of a discourse have been largely ignored in the history of logic. Thy have, however, been studied closely in rhetoric, as far back as Greek rhetorical manuals. This historical background of the concept of relevance as it developed in both rhetoric and logic will be outlined in chapter 4. Drawing on the ancient framework of Hermagoras, it will be shown that the relevance of an argument in a case is principally determined by what the issue in the case is supposed to be. As the ancients knew well, and as Quintilian ably explained, abstraction is also important in determining, in light of a given issue, what is relevant at the particular stage of a discourse, once the issue has been stated at a prior stage. What is judged to be materially relevant or not, at any given stage of a sequence of argumentation, depends on how the sequence has evolved at that stage. Such matters need to be judged by examining the text of discourse in the given case. One needs to ask what the purpose of the discourse is supposed to be. If it is supposed to be to prove something, one needs to ask what that something is or should be taken to be. It depends on the issue that is to be decided or the problem that is to be solved. Something shouldonly be excluded as irrelevant if it is not useful for proving what should be proved or for solving the problem that should be solved C. The Impacts This model of switch side debate prevents dogmatism by fostering critical thinking and tolerance.
Muir93 – Department of Communications at George Mason(Star A., “A Defense of the Ethics of Contemporary Debate,” Philosophy and Rhetoric, Vol. 26, No. 4. Gale Academic Onefile)
Values clarification, Stewart is correct in pointing out,
is explicitly developed as a criterion for decision. Critical thinking and deliberative argument solves every global problem.
Facione 10 – Senior Scholar at the National Center for Science and Civic Engagement; former President of the American Conference of Academic Deans; Deanof the School of Human Development and Community Service at California State University; has researched critical thinking since 1967 and presented hundreds of workshops, “Critical Thinking: What it is and why it counts”, Insight Assessment ,http://www.insightassessment.com/pdf_files/what&why2006.pdf
Popular culture offers one other myth
And that is something these extremists do not want. Deliberative argument is key to prevent oppression and violence. Their idea of total inclusion reproduces domination.
Boor Tonn 5 – Mari Boor Tonn, Associate Professor of Communication at the University of Maryland, “Taking Conversation, Dialogue, and Therapy Public” Rhetoric& Public Affairs Vol. 8, No. 3
This widespread recognition that access
pulse and lifeblood of democracy itself. D. The alternative—we should promote their advocacy through debate community forums other than the round.
Atchison and Panetta 9[Atchison and Panetta 2009 (Jarrod Atchison, PhD. In Speech Communication. Edward Panetta, Ph.D. in Communication. “Intercollegiate Debate Speech Communication: Historical Developments and Issues for the Future”; The SAGE Handbook of Rhetorical Studies, Pg. 30-32)]
Tournaments that already have banquets
a shared community experience for the debaters. Attempting to create change through the ballot backfires.
Atchison and Panetta 2009 (Jarrod Atchison, PhD. In Speech Communication. Edward Panetta, Ph.D. in Communication. “Intercollegiate Debate Speech Communication: Historical Developments and Issues for the Future”; The SAGE Handbook of Rhetorical Studies, Pg. 28-9)
The larger problem with locating
tremendous effort by a great number of people. 2nc Evidence Switch side debate prepares us for effective activism, their approach is ineffective.
Coverstone 5 – masters in communication from Wake Forest and longtime debate coach
(Alan H., “Acting on Activism: Realizing the Vision of Debate with Pro-social Impact,” Paper presented at the National Communication Association Annual Conference, 11/17/05
However, contest debate teaches students
cause of voter and participatory abstention in America today. Failure to test the aff through a thorough deliberative process means you should treat their claims as presumptively false.
Lasch 95 – Christopher, Social Critic and Author, “The Revolt of the Elites and the Betrayal of Democracy”, p170
THE ROLE OF the press, as Lippmann
know our own minds only by explaining ourselves to others. Turn: the fact that we may not become policy makers makes this education more important, not less
Keller, Whittaker, and Burke, 2001. [Thomas E., James K., and Tracly K., Asst. professor School of Social Service Administration U. of Chicago, professor of Social Work, and doctoral student School of Social Work, “Student debates in policy courses: promoting policy practice skills and knowledge through active learning,” Journal of Social Work Education, Spr/Summer, EBSCOhost]
Experiential learning, in the form of the
may remember longer (Meyers & Jones, 1993). Researching and debating a position doesn’t make you believe it—debate foster tolerance and decision-making without moral irresponsibility.
Muir, 93 – Department of Communications at George Mason
(Star A., “A Defense of the Ethics of Contemporary Debate,” Philosophy and Rhetoric, Vol. 26, No. 4. Gale Academic Onefile)
The first response to the charge of relativism
value structure through immoral actions. No impact—they assume public speaking, not debate.
Galloway 7 (Ryan Galloway, Samford Debate Coach, Professor of Communication Studies at Samford, Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 28, 2007, LEQ, LEQ)
The argument that debaters should
than ethical, standards” (1957, p. 7). Focus on the debate round for activism trades off with other methods of change. Their methodology excludes voices relevant to the discussion because those people are not present in the debate round. Experts with real world experience, coaches, organizers, alumni, are all silenced, preventing communal awareness and consensus building – turns the case
Atchison and Panetta 2009 (Jarrod Atchison, PhD. In Speech Communication. Edward Panetta, Ph.D. in Communication. “Intercollegiate Debate Speech Communication: Historical Developments and Issues for the Future”; The SAGE Handbook of Rhetorical Studies, Pg. 27-8)
A second problem with attempting to
dialogue than individual debates. The nature of debate prevents solvency—the isolation of rounds and lack of transcription prevents lasting effect.
Atchison and Panetta 2009 (Jarrod Atchison, PhD. In Speech Communication. Edward Panetta, Ph.D. in Communication. “Intercollegiate Debate Speech Communication: Historical Developments and Issues for the Future”; The SAGE Handbook of Rhetorical Studies, Pg. 27)
The first problem that we isolate
recorded and/or transcribed. Policy debates are critical to education about government action – refusal to debate specific policy alternatives cedes the whole discussion to elites
Walt 1991 (Stephen, Professor at the University of Chicago, International Studies Quarterly 35) A second norm is relevance, a belief that
by a few self interested parties. Our framework is not a capitulation to the state but is necessary for their advocacy to solve – discussion of government policy and reform is critical to work societal change – theories without a link to policy will be ignored
Donovan and Larkin 2006 (Claire and Phil, Australian National University, Politics, Vol 26:l)
We do not suggest that
within the institutions they study. Turn – Switch-side debate empirically encouraged progressive reforms that check neo-conservatism.
Mitchell, et al. 7 – Associate Professor of Communication and Director of the William Pitt Debating Union at the University of Pittsburgh, Gordon R., Eric English, Stephen Llano, Gordon R. Mitchell, Catherine E. Morrison, John Rief & Carly Woods, “Debate as a Weapon of Mass Destruction” June 2007, Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 221 – 225, http://www.pitt.edu/~gordonm/JPubs/EnglishDAWG.pdf
It is our position, however,
a ‘‘weapon of mass destruction.’’ Speaking from conviction and refusing to consider other views is, oddly enough, exactly what neocons did.
Harrigan 8 – Casey, M.A. Candidate in Communication and Graduate Assistant Debate Coach at Wake Forest University, “A Defense of Switch Side Debate,” A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Wake Forest University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Communication, May, Available Online at http://dspace.zsr.wfu.edu/jspui/bitstream/10339/207/1/harrigancd052008.pdf, Accessed 01-19-2010, p. 57-59
This extension of the previous
abandonment of the switch-sides approach. Rules good—they’re key to productive discussion and allow creativity.
Armstrong 2k (Paul, Dean and Professor of Literature at Brown University, “The Politics of Play: The Social Implications of Iser’s Aesthetic Theory,” New Literature History, pg 211–223 ag)
The contradictory combination of
the limits shaping their interactions. Debate doesn’t uniquely create a spectator mindset
Coverstone 5 – masters in communication from Wake Forest and longtime debate coach
Alan H., “Acting on Activism: Realizing the Vision of Debate with Pro-social Impact,” Paper presented at the National Communication Association Annual Conference, 11/17/05
Contest debate is so all-consuming
debating steers clear of this group polarization. Limits are key to their movement – we can’t know the rightness or wrongness of their idea unless we have access to literature on both sides. This undermines support for their advocacy
Underwood, Prof of Communication Studies, 2k1 (Psychology of Communication,
http://www.cultsock.ndirect.co.uk/MUHome/cshtml/psy/hovland3.html)
Whether or not you
more intelligent audience. "peer review" process of debate is key
Murray et al. 1 – Director of the Statistical Assessment Service and Adjunct Professor at Georgetown [David, Joel Schwartz, Senior Adjunct Fellow at the Hudson Institute, and S. Robert Lichter, President of the Center for Media and Public Affairs. “It Ain’t Necessarily So: How Media Make and Unmake the Scientific Picture of Reality,” p. 148-149.
There is much truth to the claim that peer-
credibil-ity to the claims made by researchers. The only way to reconfigure the public sphere is by deliberative argument.
Asen 2 – Robert Asen Asst Prof Communication, U. Wisconsin, 2002
(“Imagining in the Public Sphere” Philosophy & Rhetoric, 2002, Vol. 34 Issue 4) Ebsco
Attention to imagining reveals that including
in voice, body, and imagination.
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SKFTA
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
SKFTA will pass, top of the docket but capital is key
Financial News 9-24 (“U.S. Senate clears one hurdle to FTA with S. Korea” http://www.davidsoncompanies.com/indv/a_pinnacor/news/newsstory_detail.cfm?finnewsstory=go&storyID=6dbf28fbe9e3ae69&finnews=go)
The U.S. SenateAND trip by President Lee into consideration." Plan costs capital – even if congress likes the idea of plan they hate funding it.
Paul Richter, staff writer @ LA Times, 4-12-2011 (Debt worries stymieing U.S. financial aid to help Arab nations in transition, Los Angeles Times, p. articles.latimes.com/2011/apr/12/world/la-fg-mideast-aid-20110413)
Reporting from Washington — The Obama AND appropriators in Congress, aides say. SKFTA solves Korean war, trade, hegemony and the economy.
Hubbard 11 – Senior Director for Asia, McLarty Associates and Former Ambassador to South Korea (4/7/11, Thomas, Congressional Documents and Publications, “House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Trade Hearing - Brady Announces Third in a Series of Three Hearings on the Pending, Job-Creating Trade Agreements: South Korea Trade Agreement,”, waysandmeans.house.gov/UploadedFiles/Hubbard_Testimony.pdf
The United States-South Korea AND and economic interests into the future. Trade solves great power wars.
Hillebrand 10 - Associate Professor of International Economics Patterson School of Diplomacy and International Commerce University of Kentucky, Evan E, "Deglobalization Scenarios: Who Wins? Who Loses?," Global Economy Journal: Vol. 10: 2.3
A long line of writers from AND 2 in the globalization scenario.12 Korea war is extinction.
STRATFOR 10 (5/26/10, “North Korea, South Korea: The Military Balance on the Peninsula,” http://www.stratfor.com/analysis/20100526_north_korea_south_korea_military_balance_peninsula)
So the real issue is the AND be if the situation escalates much further 2nc business Trade solves conflict—best studies prove.
Hegre et al 10 – Havard Hegre, Dept PoliSci U Ohio, John Oneal, Dept PoliSci U Alabama, Bruce Russet, Dept PoliSci Yale, “Trade does promote peace: New simultaneous estimates of the reciprocal effects of trade and conflict”, Journal of Peace Research 2010 47: 763
Liberals expect economically important trade to AND , if national leaders are rational. Turns Heg – hubbard
Failure destroys overall leadership-collapses relations with all our allies
Mandel 10 (Seth, 12/29 www.weeklyblitz.net/1192/what-obama-refusal-to-enact-the-colombia-trade)
If Obama is unable to do AND can't be counted on, period. Interdependence solves Russia war.
Pate 10 – Masters Thesis, Chad, “Easing the Arctic Tension”, Thesis at the Naval Postgraduate School, Dec, docs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Dec/10Dec_Pate.pdf
Gartzke goes on to say thatAND is of great concern to realists. Interdependence solves middle east war
Cason et al 7 – Amichai Kilchevsky1, Jeffrey Cason2 and Kirsten Wandschneider2 1George Washington University and 2Middlebury College, “Peace and Economic Interdependence in the Middle East”, The World Economy 30.4, ebsco
This study has shown that the AND can help stabilise the political situation. Thmp No one cares about Solyndra.
San Jose Business Journal, 9-28 (Poll finds voters unmoved by Solyndra woes, p. http://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2011/09/28/polls-find-voters-unmoved-by-solyndra.html)
A pair of new polls appears AND talk about the issue in detail. Obama won’t get blamed for Solyndra - Chu is taking the blame.
Reske, 9-30 (Henry J., Staff Writer @ News Max, Chu Takes Criticism for Obama on Solyndra, p. www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/chu-obama-solyndra-loans/2011/09/30/id/412903)
Chu Takes Criticism for Obama on AND in August, the Post reported. Solyndra doesn’t affect voters’ views.
Tracy, 9-28 (Ryan, staff writer @ WSJ, Poll: Solyndra Hasn't Changed Voters' Views on Clean Energy, Wall Street Journal, p. blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2011/09/28/poll-solyndra-hasnt-changed-voters-views-on-clean-energy/?mod=google_news_blog)
The Solyndra episode has generated reams AND reject them,” the pollsters said. Solyndra issue will pass quickly- will be forgotten by next month
Politico 9-18 (CITES Julian Zelizer, Professor of history and public affairs at Princeton University, Politico, “Solyndra vexes Obama green agenda” http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0911/63795_Page2.html)
Julian Zelizer, a professor of AND will know what this was about.” SKFTA will pass along with TAA and is at the top of the agenda – the financial news evidence. - Political capital solves – even if it looks like SKFTA won’t pass as long as Obama has the capital he can engage in negotiations and deal-making which create a “political consensus”.
2. Boehner said Obama will be able to get the job done with compromises and pass TAA with trade deals in the Hose.
Prefer this evidence – Boehner is the head House republican.
Lobbies and senate support create momentum for a TAA/trade package.
Detroit News 9-23-11 - Ford, Dow, Whirlpool CEOs urge passage of free trade deals, http://detnews.com/article/20110923/BIZ/109230448/Ford--Dow--Whirlpool-CEOs-urge-passage-of-free-trade-deals#ixzz1ZSII5JpD
Washington— The CEOs of more AND mid-October," Boehner said. Passage is likely if Obama can exercise political capital – vote counts prove.
Reuters 9-8-11 - U.S. group says confident of trade deals approval
Reuters) - A top UAND members of the House and the Senate House will pass TAA because of Obama persuasion– guarantees SKFTA passage.
Wallaces Farmer 9-29-11 – (Farming periodical), Struggle over FTAs Continues, http://wallacesfarmer.com/story.aspx/struggle-over-ftas-continues-8-53532
The U.S. House AND how quickly will they be implemented?
.
Dems A2 Dems Moderate democrats support SKFTA.
Bloomberg 9-12-11 - Trade Deals Wed Obama to Republicans
Senator Max Baucus, a Montana AND , the George Washington University professor. SKFTA has enough support to pass.
Griswold 9-27-11 – Director Trade Policy Center @ Cato, Daniel, GRISWOLD: Yes to free trade, no to TAA ‘stimulus’, Washington Times
Republican leaders in Congress have been AND congressional Democrats to ensure their passage.
Top SKFTA is at the top of the agenda – the 1nc Financial news evidence says Obama is engaged in a slew of negotiations with House republicans this week to get it passed by mid-October in response to pressure from the Korean president’s visit. SKFTA is the top of the docket.
Belgum 9-30-11 – Sr. Editor California Apparel News, Deborah, The Last Push Is On for Three Free-Trade Agreements, California Apparel News
If all goes well, the AND them to Obama for a signature.” It will pass in the next two weeks.
Donga 9-25 ("`US to submit bill to ratify FTA with Korea early next month`" english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?bicode=060000&biid=2011092668408)
The U.S. is AND will reaffirm the solid bilateral alliance.
A/T: China Currency
China currency won’t cost capital – no vote date in the senate, Obama doesn’t support and won’t be pushed in the house.
AFP 9-27 (“US Senate to move next week on China bill” http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iGeIjK4hk8N5-JzE-mg304ksHPzQ?docId=CNG.61fdb3c26d9af2a5d7089e64b2d243a2.451)
Reid said that "next weekAND , according to a leadership aide. Trade before China
AFP 9-27 (“US Senate to move next week on China bill” http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iGeIjK4hk8N5-JzE-mg304ksHPzQ?docId=CNG.61fdb3c26d9af2a5d7089e64b2d243a2.451)
The US Senate will move forward AND would come to a final vote. A2 Non-Intrinsic The DA is intrinsic – position yourself as someone advocating US policy.
Logical policymaker is a false construct – nobody can pass plan and the DA independently. A. Education - debating political tradeoffs key to policy relevance.
Saideman 11 – Prof PoliSci @ UC San Diego, Steve, Key Constraint on Policy Relevance, The Duck of Minerva, 7-25, http://duckofminerva.blogspot.com/2011/07/key-constraint-on-policy-relevance.html
I would go one step further AND the alternative could be politically appealing. B. Neg ground—most DA’s can be resolved through US action, there’s no limit on unpredictable policies that can solve. C. Politics DAs good. - Ground—process DAs are the only stable ground across the 6 countries.
2. Education—politics connects the resolution to other important current events.
2nc—Funding
Direction of the link outweighs uniqueness – our capital key evidence proves that even if SKFTA looks like it won’t pass now, if Obama has the capital to get it done he will amp up his efforts. Plan is unpopular -Fiscal constraints make fierce opposition to the plan inevitable. Nobody in Congress is willing to support democracy assistance when there’s massive federal debt and numerous other spending priorities - 1NC Richter. Prefer our ev - only it assumes the current economic situation.
Link magnitude is huge – foreign AND a whipping post for both parties.
Washington Diplomat 11 - Key Foreign AND may-2011&Itemid=471
However, after a decade of AND out altogether, or severely gutted. Cutting foreign aid is the most popular conservative talking point.
Cokie Roberts, news analyst @ NPR, 2-14-2011 (Obama's Egypt Policy Attacked By Some Republicans, National Public Radio, p. lexis)
ROBERTS: Well, the way this country has worked to promote democracy in various countries throughout the world is through helping local organizations build civil society, and that comes through the USAID, the foreign aid budget. And of course that is really right at the top of the chopping block for a lot of conservatives who are concerned about the deficit. That whole business of getting rid of foreign aid is the most popular single thing to say that they want to cut, so they have to reconcile those priorities. Now, Tim Pawlenty, again, did say yesterday he's not for doing in all of foreign aid, and in the current budgetary environment that's actually brave words for him to say. New foreign aid drains political capital.
Lancaster, 2000 (Carol, Assistant Professor of Foreign Service – Georgetown U., Transforming Foreign Aid: United States Assistance in the 21st Century, “The Politics of US Foreign Aid”, p. 35-7)
No comprehensive study of US foreign AND US contributions to multilateral organizations.1 A2 Winners Win
Obama is structurally incapable of winning – capital only decreases.
Purdum 10, Columnist for Vanity Fair, Todd, “Obama Is Suffering Because of His Achievements, Not Despite Them,” 12-20 www.vanityfair.com/online/daily/2010/12/obama-is-suffering-because-of-his-achievements-not-despite-them.html
So why isn’t his political standing AND and Obama knows that, too. New congress makes wins impossible.
Tarigopula 2011 (Rajiv, Harvard Political Review, “President Obama’s Political Capital,” http://hpronline.org/hprgument/president-obamas-political-capital/)
Indeed, as the 112th Congress AND at least in the next year. Studies prove wins are irrelevant.
Robert Spitzer, political science professor, State University of New York, PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS: EXECUTIVE HEGEMONY AT THE CROSS ROADS OF THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT, 1993, p. 103-4
A parallel quantitative study by political AND on roll call votes in Congress.” Timeframe—wins don’t translate into influence fast enough.
Schaller 9(Tom, Five Thirty Eight.com, “Is Obama Spending his Political Capital, Wasting It ... or Wuz He Robbed?” 8-18, http://www.fivethirtyeight.com/2009/08/is-obama-spending-his-political-capital.html)
2. Obama is investing now AND to pre-Summer '09 levels. Winners lose
Mann 93 – Senior Fellow in Governance Studies at the Brookings Institution, Thomas, Beyond Gridlock, ed. Sundquist, p.19
The bad news also is that AND am independent of the White House." Too small—wins on pet projects are key, plan is a sudden interruption into the agenda.
MSNBC 6-22-09– “Hardball with Chris Matthews' for Monday, June 22” http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/31506736/ns/msnbc_tv-hardball_with_chris_matthews/
MATTHEWS: Gentlemen, let‘AND what this health care push is. Capital outweighs perception of being a winner.
Light 99 –Senior Fellow at the Center for Public Service (Paul, the President’s Agenda, p. 34)
In chapter 2, I will AND central force behind the domestic agenda.
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Saudi DA
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Unique Link - pushing democracy assistance will collapse US-Saudi relations
Tarpley 2011 (Press TV interview with Webster Griffin Tarpley, author, journalist and lecturer from Washington, June 18, "Saudi Arabia alarmed by US intentions" http://www.presstv.com/detail/189582.html, SRM)
Webster Griffin Tarpley: Well, AND are means to destabilize the kingdom. Relations decline over the Arab Spring will drive the Saudis to proliferate
Guzansky July 1st, 2011 (Yoel Guzansky is a research fellow at the Institute for National Security Studies at Tel Aviv University. He joined INSS after serving at Israel's National Security Council; "TEHRAN TESTS SAUDIS' NERVE ON NUKES", LEXIS, SRM)
UNTIL recently it appeared that US AND of more than $US300 billion. Saudi prolif leads to fast regional prolif
Center for Contemporary Conflict 2004 (“Conference on WMD Proliferation in the Middle East: Directions and Policy Options in the New Century” http://www.ciaonet.org/olj/si/si_3_8/si_3_8_ruj01.pdf)
James Russell from the Naval Postgraduate AND ensure U.S. engagement? Rapid prolif causes pre-emptive nuclear war.
Heurlin 2005 (Jean Monnet Professor of European Security and Integration at the Department of Political Science of the University of Copenhagen, and Sten Rynning, "Missile defence", p 162-3)
Arms control and non-proliferation AND the cost-enhancing MD project.
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Aid Tradeoff
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
North Korean NGOs are being funded now, but at risk of cuts.
Rogin 11 – Josh, State Department budget request may be dead on arrival on Capitol Hill, Foreign Policy (Cable Blog), 2-14, http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/02/14/state_department_budget_request_may_be_dead_on_arrival_on_hill
"We had to make tradeoffs.
could still come out of general funds. Plan trades off.
Carothers 5- VP @ Carnegie Endowment for Intl Peace, Thomas, Critical mission: essays on democracy promotion, p. 45
It should be noted that the Republican-
in those two important transitions. Democracy assistance solves North Korean democracy and proliferation.
Democracy Digest 10 – Quoting NED President Gershman, North Korea: regime change, collapse or resilience?, 10-25, http://www.demdigest.net/blog/2010/10/north-korea-regime-change-collapse-or-resilience/
Ten years after calling for an
protests that regularly occur. Nuke war.
Cimbala 10 - Prof. of Political Science @ Penn State, (Stephen, Nuclear Weapons and Cooperative Security in the 21st Century, p. 117-8)
Failure to contain proliferation
triggering a mistaken preemption.
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China DA
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
US-China relations high now
Xinhau 6/21
[“Vice FM expresses confidence in future of China-U.S. relationship” Xinhau. June 21, 2011. http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-06/21/c_13941904.htm] Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Cui Tiankai AND trade as well as human rights. Plan collapses relations – they see it as a shift to democracy promotion, threatening internal stability
Hill 11
[Fiona Hill is director of the Brookings Institution's Center on the United States and Europe and senior fellow in its foreign-policy program. From 2006 to 2009, she was on leave from Brookings as the national intelligence officer for Russia and Eurasia at the U.S. National Intelligence Council. “How Russia and China See the Egyptian Revolution” Foreign Policy. FEBRUARY 15, 2011. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/02/15/how_russia_and_china_see_the_egyptian_revolution]
One of the principal bases of AND will be even more the imperative. US-Sino cooperation key to peace over Kashmir
Riedel and Singh 10
[Bruce Riedel is a Senior Fellow in the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution. He retired in 2006 after 30 years service at the Central Intelligence Agency including postings overseas. He was a senior advisor on South Asia and the Middle East to the last four Presidents of the United States in the staff of the National Security Council at the White House. In January 2009 President Barack Obama asked him to chair a review of American policy towards Afghanistan and Pakistan the results of which the President announced in a speech on March 27, 2009. He is the author of The Search for al Qaeda: Its Leadership, Ideology and Future. He teaches at Georgetown University and the School for Advanced International Studies. Pavneet Singh served as the acting Assistant Director and Center Manager for the John L. Thornton China Center at the Brookings Institution. Prior to Brookings, he worked on the secretariat of the Commission on Growth and Development, housed in the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Vice Presidency at the World Bank. Pavneet was the Newsom Junior Fellow at the Institute for the Study of Diplomacy at Georgetown University, where he researched U.S. relations in South Asia. He received his Master’s degree in the Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University. “U.S.-China Relations: Seeking Strategic Convergence in Pakistan” Foreign Policy at Brookings. Policy Paper Number 18, Jan 2010.] Meanwhile, the dialogue between India AND bringing normalcy to broader South Asia. Kasmiri protests will spark miscalculation and intervention – causes nuclear war
Riedel 10
[Bruce Riedel, Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, Saban Center for Middle East Policy. “Worse than Afghanistan” The Daily Beast. Brookings Institute. September 26, 2010. http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2010/0926_india_pakistan_riedel.aspx] This summer, after several years AND of another Indo-Pakistani confrontation.
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Offsets CP
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Redirecting funds from Mubarak’s NGOs prevents democratic backsliding and solves case.
Schenker 11 – David is the Aufzien fellow and director of the Program on Arab Politics at The Washington Institute. Previously, he served as Levant country director, the Pentagon’s top policy aide on the Arab countries of the Levant, in the Office of the Secretary of Defense; in that capacity he was responsible for advising the secretary and other senior Pentagon leadership on the military and political affairs of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and the Palestinian territories., Egypt’s Enduring Challenges, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, April, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/pubPDFs/PolicyFocus110.pdf
Reallocate financing for civil society.
between 2000 and 2008. Egyptian backsliding causes nuclear war.
Byman 11 - Daniel Byman is a Professor in the Security Studies Program at Georgetown University and the Research Director of the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at Brookings, Israel’s Pessimistic View of the Arab Spring, The Washington Quarterly, Summer, http://www.twq.com/11summer/docs/11summer_Byman.pdf
Israel’s fears are much more
that could spiral into disaster.
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Consult NATO
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Genuine consultation key to NATO.
Moore 7 – prof polisci @ Concordia, Rebecca NATO’s New Mission: Projecting Stability in a Post- Cold War World, p. 133-134
Despite the Bush administration's
realized that we must adopt a new culture of dialogue and dispute."113 Nuclear war.
O’Sullivan 98 - Editor of the National Review and founder of the New Atlantic, John, American Spectator, June
Some of those ideasnotably, dissolution
the main guarantor of European stability. Says yes.
NATO Parliamentary Assembly 11 - THE “ARAB SPRING”, MISSILE DEFENCE, AFGHANISTAN
AND EMERGING SECURITY CHALLENGES TOP THE AGENDA OF THE NATO
PA’S SPRING SESSION, 5-30,
The NATO Parliamentary
parliamentary elections.
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Appraisal CP
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
TEXT: The USAID Office of Democracy and Governance should conduct a qualitative appraisal of democracy assistance in order to determine if the United States federal government should provide rule of law assistance to the National Transitional Council in Libya and request congress implement the policy recommendations of the appraisal . Prior appraisal is key to good democracy assistance policy.
Burnell 8 - Peter Burnell, Department of International Studies, University of Warwick, From Evaluating Democracy Assistance to Appraising Democracy Promotion, POLITICAL STUDIES: 2008 VOL 56, 414 – 434, http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic920402.files/Evaluating%20Democracy%2008.pdf
Organisations involved in delivering international democracy AND the high politics of policy-making Congress will resist democracy assistance – appraisal builds support for the plan.
Burnell 8 - Peter Burnell, Department of International Studies, University of Warwick, From Evaluating Democracy Assistance to Appraising Democracy Promotion, POLITICAL STUDIES: 2008 VOL 56, 414 – 434, http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic920402.files/Evaluating%20Democracy%2008.pdf
In the United States Thomas Carothers AND link between programming and political analysis’. CP results in congress approving plan.
Carothers 99 – VP @ Carnegie Endowment for Intl Peace, Thomas, Aiding Democracy Abroad, p. 298
Next, aid organizations must clarify AND vivid testimonials, and good photographs. a2 perm do cp
Should means “must” – that’s dictionary.com. They have to unconditionally defend plan implementation.
Should isn’t optional.
Ware, 2006 (Alyn, Consultant for the Disarmament and Security Centre – Aotearoa/New Zealand, “Taking the bomb back to court?” http://www.disarmsecure.org/Taking_the_bomb_back_to_Court-June_5_2006.pdf)
There is some doubt as to AND not comply with the Court’s decision. 3. Textually – they sever the words “United States federal government”, the CP only has USAID act.
“The” means they have to defend the entire USFG acting.
Merriam Webster, “the” - used as a function word before a noun or a substantivized adjective to indicate reference to a group as a whole - Logic – we create sensitivity to opportunity costs of different decision-making methods that’s key to rational thought.
Slack 9 – PhD, Brian, “The Policy Process” in The Geography of Transport Systems, http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/ch9en/conc9en/ch9c2en.html
Having defined the problem and objectivesAND (Hogwood and Gunn, 1984):
2. Topic education – debates about evaluation of democracy assistance are a big part of the literature and key to learn about research methods.
Burnell 10 – Prof Politics @ U of Warwick, Peter, Promoting Democracy and Promoting Autocracy: Towards A Comparative Evaluation, Journal of Politics and Law Vol. 3, No. 2; September 2010
More specifically, the methodology for AND must briefly clarify the key terms. A. No terminal impact. The CP doesn’t make debate hard enough to ruin the game. Aff and neg win percentages stay even no matter what.
Numbers Game 10 – Topic Side Bias, 4-10, http://code.google.com/p/anumbersgame/wiki/TopicSideBias
The largest side bias in the AND judges should change their decision calculus. politics NB
Congress will backlashes against democracy assistance to the middle east without appraisal
Wittes 8 – Deputy Assistant Secretary for Near Eastern Affairs at the United States Department of State, Tamara, Freedom's Unsteady March: America's Role in Building Arab Democracy, 2008, pg. 150
Finally. congressional understanding and patience AND to and respectful of these needs. Appraisals solve resistance to funding democracy assistance.
Molutsi 7 – Executive Secretary of the Tertiary Education Council (TEC) in Botswana. Before joining the TEC, he worked for International IDEA in Stockholm, Sweden, from 1999 to 00 as Director of Field Programmes. Between 1980 and 1999, he was a lecturer and senior lecturer at the University of Botswana, Department of Sociology, Patrick, The evaluation of democracy support programmes: an agenda for future debate, Evaluating Democracy Support Methods and Experiences, p. 218-9
However, reading through the chapters AND common methods for supporting and evaluating democracy
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Israel Adv CP v. Kansas
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
The United States federal government should hold a truth and reconciliation commission on the U.S. relationship with Israel and the U.S.’s support of Israeli apartheid
CP solves all of the aff- A TRC over US’s support of Israel and its tolerance of Israeli apartheid creates an atmosphere of accountability and dismantles the logic of exceptionalism and vengeance
Napoletano (their author) ’11
(Brian, member of the International Socialist Organization and the former Public Relations officer for Purdue University Students for Justice in Palestine, “The Egyptian Revolution and Democracy”, February 16, 2011, http://www.eurasiareview.com/16022011-the-egyptian-revolution-and-democracy/)
Just as analysts in 1958 cautioned
resources than its principal competitors.
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Cap K
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Identity politics supplements the regular functioning of capitalism – identity formation is the process by which capitalism divides the working class to make resistance impossible. They guarantee that political demands do not elevate past the level of particularism and reaching the level of the bourgeoisie becomes their ultimate objective. Their politics cannot be a supplement to class politics, but our alternative is the only way to effectively achieve the success of their movement
Brown, 1993
(Wendy, “Wounded Attachments,” Political Theory, Volume 21, Number 3, August)
Although this detente between universal and AND bound to the explicitly politicized marking. THE AFFIRMATIVE COMMODIFIES AN ESSENTIALIZED NOTION OF RACE TO FRAME INEQUALITY, REPLICATING RACISM AND SHATTERING CLASS-BASED COALITIONS, ENSURING THE CAPITALIST SOCIAL RELATIONS THAT BUILD THE GHETTOES AND FAVELLAS THAT IMPRISON RACIALIZED POPULATIONS BECOME INEVITABLE, TURNING THE CASE.
A. Darder and R. Torres, 1999.Darder is a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Professor of Educational Policy Studies and Latino/a Studies, Torres is Professor of Planning, Policy, and Design, Chicano/Latino Studies, and Political Science. “Shattering the Race Lens: Towards a Critical Theory of Racism.” Critical Ethnicity. P. 174-6
[W]e work with AND Jon Cruz (1996)8.
Over the last three decades, AND cutting more jobs than they’re creating.”
The failure of scholars to confront AND class relations of power in society. ETHNIC IDENTITIES ARE NOT INHERENT- THEY ARE PRODUCED BY THE SCAPEGOATING DISPOSSESSION OF CAPITALISM. RACISM DID NOT PRE-DATE CAPITALISM- THEORIES OF RACIAL SUPERIORITY EMERGED TO JUSTIFY ENSLAVING BLACK AFRICANS FOR COLONIAL PLANTATIONS.
Peter Mclaren, prof of education at U of California and sunglasses-wielding bad ass, and Rudolfo Torres, Professor of Planning, Policy, and Design, Chicano/Latino Studies, and Political Science. 1999. P. 57-5. “Racism and Multicultural Education: Rethinking ‘Race’ and ‘Whiteness’. “Critical Multiculturalism”. Edited by Stephen May.
According to Alex Callinicos (1993AND to divide the working-class.
At this point you might AND enslaving them.According to Callinicos:
Racism offers white workers the comfort AND (1993, p. 38)
In short, to abolish racism AND we need to abolish global capitalism. It’s try or die for the revolution – capitalism will inevitably cause extinction, reform and incrementalism only hide this fact
Kovel, Alger Hiss Professor of Social Studies at Bard College, awarded Fellowship at the John Guggenheim Foundation, 2002 (Joel, The Enemy of Nature, pages 5-7) As the world, or to AND addressed in the chapters to come. Our alternative is to focus scholarship on questions of class struggle
Zavarzadeh, 2003
(Mas'ud, “The Pedagogy of Totality,” Journal of Advanced Composition Theory 23.1, http://redcritique.org/FallWinter2003/thepedagogyoftotality.htm)
A pedagogy that understand class—AND of desire, affect or power. 2nc ev Marxist analysis provides a better explanation of historical racialization – Failure to analyze modes of production ensures incorrect historical understanding
Cole, ‘9 [Mike Cole, Bishop Grosseteste University College Lincoln, United Kingdom, “The Color-Line and the Class Struggle: a Marxist response to critical race theory in education as it arrives in the United Kingdom”
Power and Education Volume 1 Number 1 2009 www.wwwords.co.uk/POWER, p. 114-115]
The Marxist concept of racialization, AND Asian origin bears witness to this. 2. Their 1AC Robinson evidence proves global capital is the root cause. Here is more evidence from their article.
Robinson ‘5 [William, Sociology prof – UC Santa Barbara, “The Battle for Global Civil Society,” an interview with Jonah Gindin of Venezuelanalysis.com, June 13, http://www.iefd.org/articles/global_civil_society.php]
Entirely to the contrary, UAND , while others will be marginalized. 3. Only the K alt ensures improved scholarship
Robinson ‘5 [William, Sociology prof – UC Santa Barbara, “The Battle for Global Civil Society,” an interview with Jonah Gindin of Venezuelanalysis.com, June 13, http://www.iefd.org/articles/global_civil_society.php]
It's a catch-22 for AND that internal legitimacy and that support. Kovel 2k2 (Joel, Alger Hiss Professor of Social Studies at Bard College, The Enemy of Nature: The End of Capitalism or the End of the World?)
The monster that now bestrides the AND , the losses are regrettable necessities. Perm fails – the combination results in a refusal to privilege class as the primary exclusion
Poitevin, Assistant Professor at the Gallatin School of Individualized Study, 2001
(Rene Francisco, “The end of ant-capitalism as we knew it,” Socialist Review, http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3952/is_200101/ai_n8932891)
Because of the close overlap between AND presented at a Marxist conference.8 Combination of culture and Marxism fails – it results in depoliticization because capital no longer describes a system of economic exploitation
Tumino, Professor of English at the University of Pittsburgh, 2005
(Stephen, “What is Orthodox Marxism and Why it Matters Now More than Ever,” February 14, http://www.redcritique.org/spring2001/whatisorthodoxmarxism.htm)
In spite of their formal "AND studies to end exploitation for all. Cards in Towson Round
Privileging culture guarantees mystifying the material conditions that cause class oppression – only a return to material criticism and away from analysis of discourse and representations can confront the oppression of global capitalism
Zavarzadeh, 2003
(Mas'ud, “The Pedagogy of Totality,” Journal of Advanced Composition Theory 23.1, http://redcritique.org/FallWinter2003/thepedagogyoftotality.htm)
Berube's lesson obscures ...of this essay).
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Family Pic v Towson
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
We believe that we should affirm identity, community, self-naming, flexible roles, strength, respect and recognition, authenticity, adaptability and spirituality but we think that we should not include within that an affirmation of family and respect for elders. Using the family as a foundation for identity causes exclusion and oppression.
Smith, 2006 (Andrea, assistant professor of Native American studies and women’s studies at the University of Michigan, “Dismantling the master’s tools with the master’s house: Native feminist liberation theologies,” Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion, 22.2)
Since the theorizing of Native women's AND nuclear family as their building block. Historically, these conceptions of the family have manifested themselves in violence and genocide.
Chris Hedges, Pulitzer Prize winning journalist. “War is a Hate Crime.” October 20th, 2009. < http://www.truthdig.com/report/item/20091026_war_is_a_hate_crime/>.
The brutality of Matthew Shepard’s killersAND put it to test ever anew.” Respecting elders reinforces the hierarchical conceptions of family that cause exclusion
Hardt and Negri 2009 (Michael Hardt, Professor of Literature at Duke and Antonio Negri, taught at Université de Vincennes with K all-stars Foucault, Deleuze and Derrida. Commonwealth. 2009. p. 160-2.)
The three most significant social institutions AND promises and constantly denies and corrupts
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Security K
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
The 1AC representations of the Middle East are rooted in binary systems of exclusion which causes mass violence
Hirchi, Mohammed '07, "Media Representations of the Middle East," WACC. World Assoc. for Christian Communication. Online. This marking of difference is articulated AND and incapable of embracing cultural emancipation. Rejecting specific policies which embody the security paradigm is key. The act of voting not-aff is necessary to find a world post-security
Burke 02 (Anthony, Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Alternatives 27) It is perhaps easy to AND what its shimmering possibilities might be.
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Case v Liberty GW (Egypt Police)
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
COIN Successful counterinsurgency impossible—empirics are on our side
Gusterson 6-1-10 – Prof Anthropology and Sociology @ George Mason U, Hugh, Against counterinsurgency in Afghanistan, Bulliten of the Atomic Scientists, http://www.thebulletin.org/web-edition/columnists/hugh-gusterson/against-counterinsurgency-afghanistan
And yet, historically, counterinsurgencycampaigns AND is ultimately responsible for the corruption. No impact to losing counterinsurgencies.
Friedman, 2008 (George, “The U.S. air Force and the next war,” June 11, http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/geopolitical_weekly_u_s_air_force_and_next_war)
Nation-States and Fourth-AND not because of this war alone. the US is shifting away from it.
McClatchy 10 –Pentagon rethinking value of major counterinsurgencies, 5-12, http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2010/05/12/94058/pentagon-rethinking-value-of-major.html
WASHINGTON — Nearly a decade after AND in strategy will help make them. Less than 1 in 3.5 billion risk of nuclear terrorism.
GSN 9 – Global Security Newswire, “Experts Debate Threat of Nuclear, Biological Terrorism”, 1/13, http://www.globalsecuritynewswire.org/gsn/nw_20090113_7105.php
In even the most likely scenario AND see GSN, Jan. 12).
2nc Ev Even if COIN can work, the US is shifting away from it.
McClatchy 10 – Pentagon rethinking value of major counterinsurgencies, 5-12, http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2010/05/12/94058/pentagon-rethinking-value-of-major.html
WASHINGTON — Nearly a decade after AND in strategy will help make them. Counterinsurgency not inevitable—getting “forced into” conflict is impossible.
Cohen 9 - Michael A. Cohen is a senior research fellow at the New America Foundation, Counterinsurgency Trap, Atlantic Council, 3-23, http://www.acus.org/new_atlanticist/counterinsurgency-trap-future-us-military
Metz points out, perhaps both AND insurgency that will further US interests.
Loose nukes don’t exist and wouldn’t be usable.
Mueller 9 – Prof Political Science @ Ohio State University, John, “The Atomic Terrorist?”, Paper Prepared for the International Commission on Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament, April 30, http://www.icnnd.org/research/Mueller_Terrorism.pdf
There has also been great worry AND a limited set of functions.1 Egypt won’t end military coopeation.
Younes 11 - Ali Younes is a writer and Middle East analyst based in Washington D.C., The nature of American-Egyptian military relations, Arabisto, 2-14, http://rayhanania.wordpress.com/2011/02/14/the-nature-of-american-egyptian-military-relations/
U.S. strategic planners AND match the much stronger Israeli army. Democracy assistance doesn’t solve anti-americanism, too many alternate causes.
Lynch 11 – Prof PolSi @ George Washington U, Marc, U.S. public diplomacy and the Arab uprisings, Foreign Policy, 4-13, http://lynch.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/04/13/us_public_diplomacy_and_the_arab_uprisings
That's the good. But there's AND to address in the coming days. DEMOCRACY
Egypt’s military is leading a weak democracy now, solving public discontent. More democratization undermines their control.
Martini and Taylor 11 - JEFF MARTINI is a Project Associate at the RAND Corporation. JULIE TAYLOR is a Political Scientist at the RAND Corporation., Commanding Democracy in Egypt. By: Martini, Jeff, Taylor, Julie, Foreign Affairs, 00157120, Sep/Oct2011, Vol. 90, Issue 5
Thus far, the evidence suggests AND many Egyptians will accept this compromise. Civilian control causes war with Israel.
Benn 11 – Editor of Haaretz, Aluf, Overcoming Fear and Anxiety in Tel Aviv, Foreign Affairs, 2-8, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67353/aluf-benn/overcoming-fear-and-anxiety-in-tel-aviv
Israel's regional ties have always been AND the ultimate expression of American naiveté. Nuke war
Eberhart 1 – Quoting Pulitzer Prize winning journalist Seymour M. Hersh, David, Samson Option: Israel's Plan to Prevent Mass Destruction Attacks, Newsmax, 10-16, http://archive.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2001/10/15/112430.shtml
"Should war break out in AND best seller "The Samson Option." Civilian control ends US relations.
Byman 11 [Daniel L. Byman, Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, Saban Center for Middle East Policy. “Democracy in Egypt: What Are the Risks to the United States?” Brookings Institute. Feb 9, 2011. http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0209_egypt_democracy_byman.aspx?p=1]
As the Obama administration tries to AND shy away from any open support. That ends hegemony.
Copley 11 [Chairman of the International Strategic Studies Association’s Balkan & Eastern Mediterranean Policy Council, Editor of Global Information System Defense and Foreign Affairs, and Author of several books about Egypt, Gregory, Strategic Ramifications of the Egyptian Crisis, Defense and Foreign Affairs Report, 1-30,http://www.dfaonline.net/Open%20Zone/Egypt%20Jan%2030%202011.htm]
U.S. interests: AND -emergence of a charismatic leader. Nuclear war.
Gray 4 – professor of international politics and strategic studies at the University of Reading, England, and senior fellow at the National Institute for Public Policy in Fairfax, Virginia, Colin, The Sheriff, p. 10
The United States could pick up AND destruction (WMD) at that. Economy is resilient to oil prices
Gorellick, 2009 (Steven M., Cyrus Fisher Tolman Professor in the School of Earth Sciences at Stanford University, Oil Panic and the Global Crisis, December, Pages 153-156)
Viewed in historical context, global AND to oil shocks.131,132 No economy impacts—recession disproves.
Barnet, 2009 (Thomas P.M., senior managing director of Enterra Solutions LLC and a contributing , “the new rules: security remains stable amid financial crisis,” APN, August 25, http://www.aprodex.com/the-new-rules--security-remains-stable-amid-financial-crisis-398-bl.aspx)
When the global financial crisis struck AND War II international liberal trade order.
Middle east democracy doesn’t cause peace – only causes transition wars.
Neuberger 11 - Prof. Benny Neuberger teaches political science at the Open University of Israel, Between democracy and peace, Haaretz, 2-11, http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/opinion/between-democracy-and-peace-1.342641
In the Middle East there have AND Soviet Union and the former Yugoslavia. No chance of middle east democratization.
Friedman 8-16-11 – President of Stratfor, George, Re-Examining the Arab Spring, Real Clear World, http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2011/08/16/re-examining_the_arab_spring_99629.html
The issue isn't whether human rights AND the face of the real world. 2nc Ev Secular groups can’t create change through protest.
Mayton 9-9-11 – Joseph, Egypt sees thousands protest, some say focus gone, Bikya Masr, http://bikyamasr.com/41781/egypt-sees-thousands-protest-some-say-focus-gone/
CAIRO: Around 15,000 AND do not understand the average Egyptian. Public will accept military dominance.
Rutherford 11 – Bruce K. Rutherford, an associate professor of political science at Colgate University, Now Comes the Hard Part, Foreign Policy, 2-10, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/02/10/now_comes_the_hard_part?page=full
Some Egyptians (and certainly some AND democratic transition would be seriously undermined. They will use symbolic gestures to pacify the public.
Goldberg 11 – Prof PoliSci @ U of Washington and the American University in Cairo, Ellis, Mubarakism Without Mubarak, Foreign Affairs, Feb. 11, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67416/ellis-goldberg/mubarakism-without-mubarak?page=show
Indeed, instead of pursuing institutional AND deliberately murdering demonstrators during the crisis. Protests are dying down.
Lynch 11 – Prof PoliSci @ George Washington U, Marc, Will Egypt's Activists Boycott the Election?, Foreign Policy, 9-6, http://lynch.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/09/06/will_egypts_activists_boycott_the_election
Egyptian activist groups have called for AND recapture the magic of July 8. Democratic peace theory is wrong – trade explains lack of war.
Gartzke 7 – U California San Diego, Erik, The Capitalist Peace, American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 51, No. 1, January 2007, Pp. 166–191
Which Liberal Peace? The discovery AND , not even toward other democracies. 29 historical examples disprove democratic peace.
Schwartz and Skinner 2 – Thomas Schwartz is Professor of Political Science at University of California. Los Angeles. Kiron K. Skinner is a Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and the Hoover Institution and Assistant Professor of History and Political Science at Carnegie Mellon University, “The Myth of the Democratic Peace”, Orbis, 46 no1 159-72 Wint 2002
Democratic pacifism combines an empirical AND
India-Pakistan, 1999 No oil spikes.
Layne ‘6 Christopher Layne, Prof Intl Relations at Texas A&M, 2006
The Peace of Illusions, p. 179-180
Domestic instability in a major oilAND return to their natural marketplace level. Storage and surge capacity prevent oil disruptions
Kendell, 1998
(James M., National Energy Information Center, 7/22, http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/archive/issues98/oimport.html)
By 1990 the United States and AND day in 20209 (Figure 4). Storage and surge capacity prevent oil disruptions
Kendell, 1998
(James M., National Energy Information Center, 7/22, http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/archive/issues98/oimport.html)
By 1990 the United States and AND day in 20209 (Figure 4). The last 3 decades prove our argument, and markets are only getting more efficient.
Gholz and Press 7 - Eugene Gholz is assistant professor of public affairs at the LBJ School of Public Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin. Daryl G. Press is associate professor of government at Dartmouth University, “Energy Alarmism”, Cato Policy Review, 4-5, http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-589.pdf
In the five major
, refiners, and major consumers to smooth risks. 73
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Case v Kansas KK (TRC)
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
NO SPILLOVER – the plan does not change the mindset of US policymakers. The tea party will not be convinced by a truth and reconciliation commission. Aff derails the trial – Their Ignatius evidence proves they oppose the trial
Ignatius ’11(David, former executive editor of the International Herald Tribune, “The whiff of revenge taints the Arab Spring”, May 27, 2011, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-whiff-of-revenge-taints-the-arab-spring/2011/05/26/AGqytyCH_story.html)
Revolutions can go off the rails AND might expose them to legal risks. Their Mark Michael Evidence also proves the trial is rejected.
Mubarak trial key to democracy in Egypt and the greater Middle East
France, 3/8 [France 24/7, 3/8/11, http://www.france24.com/en/20110802-egypt-hosni-mubarak-faces-justice-trial-health-speculation-arab-spring-protests]
While there’s little doubt that Egypt’s AND very potent message across the region.” Their Napaletano evidence uses Egypt as one example of the US backing dictators- There are dozens of others. Either the CP solves or the aff should lose on presumption
Napoletano ’11(Brian, member of the International Socialist Organization and the former Public Relations officer for Purdue University Students for Justice in Palestine, “The Egyptian Revolution and Democracy”, February 16, 2011, http://www.eurasiareview.com/16022011-the-egyptian-revolution-and-democracy/)
This “necessary evil” of AND Palestinian territories, and countless others. Aff’s Ignatius card proves larger middle east policies create vengefulness- Aff can’t solve
Ignatius ’11(David, former executive editor of the International Herald Tribune, “The whiff of revenge taints the Arab Spring”, May 27, 2011, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-whiff-of-revenge-taints-the-arab-spring/2011/05/26/AGqytyCH_story.html)
Failure to develop such a framework AND , “there will be blood.” Can't solve – don’t end war on terror – Their Giraldi ev say entire War on terror bad
Giraldi ‘9(Philip, Executive Director of the Council for the National Interest and former counter-terrorism specialist, “Truth and Reconciliation”, http://original.antiwar.com/giraldi/2009/04/13/truth-and-reconciliation/)
By rights, there should be AND the president of the United States. Also, their Rosenberg proves Afghanistan key to vengefulness
Rosenberg 9/11(Paul, Senior Editor of Random Lengths News, “9/11's self-inflicted wounds are the worst”, http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2011/09/2011910115157366771.html)
In the immediate aftermath of the AND face. As it always is. The Aff transforms the US into a tragic hero which reifies American exceptionalism
Spanos 8
[William Spanos American Exceptionalism in the Age of Globalization. 2008. 99-101] Since the end of the Vietnam AND the way turned against the war. The reification of American exceptionalism enables genocide
Spanos 2k
[William Spanos America’s Shadow. 2000. 158-159]
But Herr's resonant genealogical insight should AND turns out to be the seen. The Affirmative rationalizes the violence inherent in US foreign policy as a mistake. The confession of crimes while simultaneously avoiding the consequences is the same logic that rationalized Dresden and Hiroshima
Spanos 8
[William Spanos American Exceptionalism in the Age of Globalization. 2008. 10-11]
Derrida’s analysis constitutes a powerful andAND ” (teleo)logical economy.
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Case v Dartmouth RR (Yemen Police)
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Solvency - Fragmentation obstructs plan – any assistance requires a new working government first
Stuster, 9/27/11 (Dana, Joseph S. Nye National Security Research Intern at Center for a New American Security; “What Can the U.S. Really Do for Yemen?,” The Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/09/what-can-the-us-really-do-for-yemen/245688/)
With all the focus on the AND , before Yemen falls apart completely.
2. Yemen says no - they hate US intervention and the plan can't solve
Al-Ahram Weekly 2011 (“Out of the fry pan “ Yemen's Coordinating Council for the Youth Revolution of Change (CCYRC). http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2011/1057/re9.htm)
Calling for honest support of Yemen's AND on justice, freedom and equality." 3. Assistance doesn’t work fast enough and can’t overcome overwhelming structural problems
Cordesman 10 (Anthony, Arleigh A. Burke Chair in Strategy, "The True Lessons of Yemen and Detroit: How the US Must Expand and Redefine International Cooperation in Fighting Terrorism," Center for Strategic and International Studies, January 25, csis.org/files/publication/100125_Terrorism-USRoleIntCoopRev.pdf)
Yemen is a case in pointAND combination of counter terrorism and aid. 4. Peaceful transition now - newest evidence
Xinhua 9-29-2011 ("Yemeni vice president holds initial power-transfer negotiation with opposition" http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-09/29/c_131165832.htm)
Yemeni Vice President Abd-Rabbu AND after holding dialogue with the opposition. 5. Instability inevitable
Carment, 2011 (David, Professor of Int'l Affairs, Norman Patterson School of Int'l Affairs, Carleton University, “Troubled Yemen, the world's next failed state?”, http://www.cdfai.org/PDF/Troubled%20Yemen-the%20worlds%20next%20failed%20state.pdf)
Yemen's underlying sources of conflict and AND the border with Saudi Arabia. Police Training Fails
No risk of offense – US training encourages ineffective and belligerent police tactics – this directly contributes to sectarian violence
Kuzmarov 2010 (Professor of History @ Tulsa; Jeremy, assistant professor of history at the University of Tulsa, American Police Training and Political Violence: From the Philippines Conquest to the Killing Fields of Afghanistan and Iraq, http://www.japanfocus.org/-Jeremy-Kuzmarov/3319)
In spite of hundreds of millions AND and methods that produced such outcomes.
Can’t solve anti-Americanism
Terrill 11 (Andrew, Research Professor in National Security Affairs, "The Conflicts in Yemen and US National Security," Defence Talk, February 15, Strategic Studies Institute, http://www.defencetalk.com/the-conflicts-in-yemen-and-us-national-security-32049/)
The government of Yemen has often AND of the doubt in any confrontation. Stability
No Saudi instability.
Obaid 2011 [NAWAF, senior fellow at the King Faisal Center for Research and Islamic Studies, There Will Be No Uprising in Saudi Arabia. Foreign Policy. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/03/10/there_will_be_no_uprising_in_saudi_arabia?page=0,1]
The past few months have seen AND protects the kingdom's security and safety." No Yemeni spillover
Emirates 2011 (UAE Newspaper, April 9, 2011, “Saudi oil disruption is unlikely: Credit Agricole” online: http://www.emirates247.com/business/economy-finance/saudi-oil-disruption-is-unlikely-credit-agricole-2011-04-09-1.378813)
The current unrest in Yemen and AND to offset any additional oil lost.” No Iran-Saudi war.
Stratfor 11 - Saudi Arabia's Iran Conundrum, 4-20, http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2011/04/20/saudi_arabias_iran_conundrum_99487.html
The Saudi move succeeded in quelling AND to the rise of al Qaeda. No water wars.
Barnaby 9 – Editor of People & Science, Wendy, “Do nations go to war over water?”, Nature 458, 282-283 (19 March 2009) | doi:10.1038/458282a; Published online 18 March 2009
The United Nations warned as recently AND formal declarations of war over water2. Conflicts won’t escalate.
Cook et al, 2007 (Steven A., Hasib J. Sabbagh Senior Fellow for Middle Eastern Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations, Ray Takeyh, Senior Fellow for Middle Eastern Studies, and Suzanne Maloney, Senior fellow in Foreign policy at the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution, “Why the Iraq war won’t engulf the Mideast,” June 28, http://www.cfr.org/publication/13702/
Finally, there is no precedent AND and opponents of Bush’s war profess.
AQAP
Al Qaeda would just move to Somalia Status quo solves Yemen intel coop- staying out of Yemeni politics is key
LAT 9-15 – Los Angeles Times, “Yemen aids in terror fight,” September 15, 2011, online: http://articles.latimes.com/2011/sep/15/world/la-fg-yemen-intel-20110915
The embattled regime in Yemen has AND S. missile strike in Yemen. The status quo solves terrorism, plan makes it inevitable
Al-Ahram Weekly 2011 (“Out of the fry pan “ Yemen's Coordinating Council for the Youth Revolution of Change (CCYRC). http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2011/1057/re9.htm)
After affirming a revolutionary transitional councilAND country from tyranny and foreign interference.
Aff leads to conflict and division among the opposition- turns the terrorism advantage
Zarate and Gordon 11 (Juan C. Zarate is a Senior Adviser at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) and the former Deputy National Security Advisor for Combating Terrorism (2005— 2009). David A. Gordon is the Program Manager and a Research Assistant with the CSIS Transnational Threats Project. The Washington Quarterly, The Center for Strategic and International Studies, Summer, “The Battle for Reform with Al-Qaeda”)
That salvo in the rhetorical battle AND jihad in the Arab heartland.3 No AQAP
Said 9-21-2011 (Rajeh, analyst based in London, "Recent losses in ranks weaken al-Qaeda's capabilities" http://www.magharebia.com/cocoon/awi/xhtml1/en_GB/features/awi/features/2011/09/21/feature-02)
During the past five months, AND influence on events in the world. Al Qaeda is done - illiterate, can't organize, and massive resistance
Power 9-28-2011 (Jonathan Power is a veteran foreign affairs commentator based in London, "End game for Al Qaeda?" http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticle.asp?xfile=data/opinion/2011/September/opinion_September136.xml§ion=opinion&col=)
If only the US and NATO AND finished as a major political force. Oil shocks don’t harm the global economy - any effects are negligible and long term.
Tobias Rasmussen, Senior Economist - Middle East and Central Asia Department @ IMF, and Agustin Roitman, Economist @ IMF, 8-25-2011 (Oil shocks around the world: Are they really that bad?,Vox, p. voxeu.org/index.php?q=node/6905)
Are oil price increases
mild and occur with a lag. 2nc ev
The plan can’t solve - local governments don’t have the authority to manage tribes
BPC 11 (Co-Chairs Ambassador Paula Dobriansky and Admiral (Ret.) Gregory Johnson, "A Stitch in Time: Stabilizing Fragile States," Bipartisan Policy Center, May, http://www.bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/FS_Final.pdf)
Transparency, established legal procedures and AND third of the country’s provinces.64 Terrorism cooperation doesn’t solve multilateralism
Boyle and Schmid 2009 (A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by the The New Ideas Fund, 2009)
Additionally, while terrorism cooperation features AND solving collective action problems particularly difficult. Saudi regime resilient – ensures stability
Cordesman 11—CSIS strategy chair. Former prof of national security at Georgetown. Recipient of the DOD Distinguished Service Medal (Anthony, Saudi Stability in a Time of Change – Cordesman, 22 April 2011, http://www.arabialink.com/2011/04/22/saudi-stability-in-a-time-of-change-cordesman/)
This may well not continue. AND invest in both stability and development. No global escalation
Dyer 2– Ph.D. in Military and Middle Eastern History from the University of London and former professor at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst and Oxford University, Gwynne, Queen’s Quarterly, “The coming war”, December, questia
All of this indicates an extremely AND we are out of the business. African conflicts won’t escalate.
Xu Yi-chong, Griffith University, 2008
“China and the United States in Africa: Coming Conflict or Commercial Coexistence?”, Google Docs
The argument about looming conflicts between AND yet support such a dire prediction. Its whack-a-mole – Al Qaeda will just go somewhere else
Metz 10 (Steven, "Don't Mess With Yemen," The New Republic, November 4, http://www.tnr.com/blog/foreign-policy/78906/al-qaeda-yemen-foreign-policy)
The dilemma, needless to sayAND of something much worse to come. NO risk of oil shocks from shutdown
Helman 11 – Forbes Writer, Christopher, Will Egypt’s Revolution Mean Oil Armageddon?, Forbes, 1-31, http://blogs.forbes.com/christopherhelman/2011/01/31/will-egypts-revolution-mean-oil-armageddon/
But what if? What if AND around the Cape of Good Hope.
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Case v. UTD KV (Syria)
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Saudi Adv Lack of unified opposition means Assad quickly puts down any armed rebellion and ends protests.
Ibish 9-6-11 - Hussein Ibish is a senior fellow at the American Task Force on Palestine and a columnist for Now Lebanon, Is Civil War in Syria Inevitable?, Assyrian International News Agency, http://www.aina.org/news/20110906142551.htm
The risks of launching a fullAND Syrian Arab Republic" has it. No Iran-Saudi war.
Stratfor 11 - Saudi Arabia's Iran Conundrum, 4-20, http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2011/04/20/saudi_arabias_iran_conundrum_99487.html
The Saudi move succeeded in quelling AND to the rise of al Qaeda. Deterrence, culture and missile defense solve Iran-Saudi war.
Coker 11 - BILL SPINDLE and MARGARET COKER, The New Cold War, Wall Street Journal, 4-16, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704116404576262744106483816.html
The Saudis currently rely on the AND renounced the use of nuclear weapons. Fifth fleet solves iran intervention
Time 11 – Quoting John Sfakianakis, chief economist at Banque Saudi Fransi in the Saudi capital of Riyadh, Bahrain: Caught Between Saudi Arabia and Iran, 3-15, http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2058992,00.html
Iran could force fighting on the AND likely act soon, Sfakianakis says. Syria rejects US intervention.
Lesch 11 – Prof Mid East History @ Trinity U, David, The Conceptual Gap Between Syria and the U.S. Foreign Policy, 8-17, http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/08/17/the_conceptual_gap_between_syria_and_the_us
Thus, there is not much AND to legitimate the use of force. No middle east war – multiple reasons
Shaoxian, 2001 (Li, senior researcher in the Institute of Contemporary International relations, “A Whirlwind of Palestine-Israel Violence: Where is it going?” August, http://www.china.org.cn/english/2001/Aug/17671.htm)
Li: Although the situation in AND the capablities or means for war. Conflicts won’t escalate.
Cook et al, 2007 (Steven A., Hasib J. Sabbagh Senior Fellow for Middle Eastern Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations, Ray Takeyh, Senior Fellow for Middle Eastern Studies, and Suzanne Maloney, Senior fellow in Foreign policy at the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution, “Why the Iraq war won’t engulf the Mideast,” June 28, http://www.cfr.org/publication/13702/
Finally, there is no precedent AND and opponents of Bush’s war profess. Chemical weapons won’t cause mass casulties
Mueller, 2005 (John, Professor of political science at Ohio State University, “Simplicity and Spook: Terrorism and the Dynamics of Threat Exaggeration,” International Studies Perspectives, 6, 208-234)
Chemical arms do have the potentialAND , 1993:8, 58). Obama won’t retaliate.
Brown 9 – Senior Fellow and Washington Director @ Institute for International Law and Human Rights, Former Deputy Executive Director for Action at Amnesty International USA; Former Chief of Staff and Director of the Office of Strategic Planning and External Affairs in the Bureau of Democracy, Former Human Rights and Labor in the U.S. Department of State, Charles, “Systems Theory and U.S. Foreign Policy: Obama’s Trip to Europe,” Undiplomatic, 4/9, http://www.undiplomatic.net/2009/04/09/systems-theory-and-us-foreign-policy-obamas-trip-to-europe/
With the obvious exception of the AND their efforts are not as important. No syria-israel war
ICG 7 – International Crisis Group, RESTARTING ISRAELI-SYRIAN NEGOTIATIONS, Middle East Report N°63 – 10 April 2007
Strikingly, in recent Crisis Group AND Syrian invitation to regroup there.147 2nc Ev
US intervention delegitimizes opposition groups.
Landis 11 - Joshua Landis is the director of the Center for Middle East Studies and associate professor at the University of Oklahoma. He is the author of the blog Syria Comment, Syrians must win the revolution on their own, Foreign Policy, 8-9, http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/08/09/syrians_must_win_the_revolution_on_their_own?wpisrc=obinsite
The United States must promote defections AND win this struggle on our own." Exile groups prove – US association is a kiss of death.
Harling 11 - Peter Harling is the Iraq-Syria-Lebanon project director with the International Crisis Group, Now not to prolong Syrian agony, Foreign Policy, 8-30, http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/08/30/how_not_to_prolong_the_syrian_agony
The second mistake to be avoided AND Syrians, ought not be encouraged. US assistance destroys the opposition.
Saab 11 - Research Analyst at the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution in Washington DC, Bilal, Long road to freedom: Seven reasons why Syrian protesters have so far failed to topple Assad, Christian Science Monitor, 6-10, http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/Opinion/2011/0610/Long-road-to-freedom-Seven-reasons-why-Syrian-protesters-have-so-far-failed-to-topple-Assad/Armed-insurgency
Analysts continue to debate whether US AND -death” to the opposition. Russia Adv Stealing their arms exports collapses relations
Ozdal 11
[HabibeOzdal. “Why Does Syria Matter for Russia?” The Journal of Turkish Weekly.http://www.turkishweekly.net/columnist/3454/why-does-syria-matter-for-russia-.html] Winds of change continue in the AND Syria means a lot to Russia. Key to the Russian economy
Rivlin 5 – Senior Research Fellow at the Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies, Tel Aviv University (Dr. Paul, “The Russian Economy and Arms Exports to the Middle East,” The Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies)
In the years 1994-98AND income from oil and gas sales. Nuclear war.
David 99(Steven David, political scientist, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, January/February 1999, http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19990101faessay955/steven-r-david/saving-america-from-the-coming-civilwars.Html)
If internal war does strike RussiaAND would follow a Russian civil war. Near-zero risk of accidental launch—their probability estimates are flawed.
Smil 8 - Professor in the Faculty of Environment at the University of Manitoba, Vaclav, Global Catastrophes and Trends, p. 56-7
The probabilities of such mishaps escalating AND probabilities of any future clean escape. BMD is an alt cause.
The Hindu 2-3-10 – “The working of the reset policy”, http://beta.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/article99489.ece?homepage=true
Moscow and Washington missed the December AND Georgia would not be used offensively. Latent power solves their internal links—hegemony is self-reinforcing.
Wohlforth 7 – Chair of Govt. Dept. @ Dartmouth, William, “Unipolar stability: the rules of power analysis”, Harvard International Review, Spring, http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb137/is_1_29/ai_n29349321/?tag=content;col1
US military forces are stretched thinAND potentially large wellsprings of latent power. Collapse of hegemony will be peaceful.
MacDonald and Parent 11 – Asst Prof. of PoliSci @ Williams College and Parent, Asst Prof. PoliSci @ U of Miami, Paul and Joseph, “Graceful Decline?” International Security, 35.4, Project MUSE
Implications for Sino-U.AND of power transitions and hegemonic change. Peace process is dead, credibility doesn’t solve it, and there’s no impact
Dyer 12-26-10 – Independent London Journalist, Gwynn, Dead Peace Process, NewVision, http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/20/742054
It is a necessary fiction. AND is a long, long time. No peace process success—Palestinian divisions.
Miller 6-2-10 – public policy scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, and has served as a Middle East negotiator in Republican and Democratic administrations, Aaron, “Mideast Peace Tops List of Hopeless Causes: Aaron David Miller”, Business Week, http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-06-02/mideast-peace-tops-list-of-hopeless-causes-aaron-david-miller.html
Now we have the story of AND the Palestinian side to an agreement. Netanyahu cant make concessions
Miller 6-2-10 – public policy scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, and has served as a Middle East negotiator in Republican and Democratic administrations, Aaron, “Mideast Peace Tops List of Hopeless Causes: Aaron David Miller”, Business Week, http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-06-02/mideast-peace-tops-list-of-hopeless-causes-aaron-david-miller.html
A clear-eyed, honest AND , and parting with East Jerusalem.
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Case v. UNT KP (Libya)
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
a2 cred Democracy assistance doesn’t solve anti-americanism, too many alternate causes.
Lynch 11 – Prof PolSi @ George Washington U, Marc, U.S. public diplomacy and the Arab uprisings, Foreign Policy, 4-13, http://lynch.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/04/13/us_public_diplomacy_and_the_arab_uprisings
That's the good. But there's AND to address in the coming days. No spillover between issues.
Brooks and Wohlforth 9 – Stephen and William, Professors of Govt. @ Dartmouth, World Out of Balance, p 164
The first two patterns of evidence AND response to noncompliance towards security institutions. Too many alt causes to soft power.
Beinart 10 - Associate professor of journalism and political science at the City University of New York and a senior fellow at the New America Foundation, Peter, How the Financial Crisis Has Undermined U.S. Power, TIME, 6-21, http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,1995884,00.html
At the time, all this AND been undermined by China's cash offensive. Credibility not relevant
Greenwald, 2010 (Abe, Associate editor of Commentary, “The Soft-power fallacy,” Commentary, July/August, http://www.commentarymagazine.com/viewarticle.cfm/the-soft-power-fallacy-15466?page=all)
In addition to limning the failings AND in foreign lands and at home. Collapse of hegemony will be peaceful.
MacDonald and Parent 11 – Asst Prof. of PoliSci @ Williams College and Parent, Asst Prof. PoliSci @ U of Miami, Paul and Joseph, “Graceful Decline?” International Security, 35.4, Project MUSE
Implications for Sino-U.AND of power transitions and hegemonic change. Latent power solves their internal links—hegemony is self-reinforcing.
Wohlforth 7 – Chair of Govt. Dept. @ Dartmouth, William, “Unipolar stability: the rules of power analysis”, Harvard International Review, Spring, http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb137/is_1_29/ai_n29349321/?tag=content;col1
US military forces are stretched thinAND potentially large wellsprings of latent power. 2nc ev No spillover
Brooks and Wohlforth 9 – Stephen and William, Professors of Govt. @ Dartmouth, World Out of Balance, p 155-6
Because retaliation is costly and hardAND by other states to influence it. No legitimacy constraints.
Brooks and Wohlforth 9 – Stephen and William, Professors of Govt. @ Dartmouth, World Out of Balance, p 179
Hence, it is more productive AND associated with making and breaking rules. Legitimacy is resilient
Brooks and Wohlforth 9 - STEPHEN G. BROOKS is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College. WILLIAM C. WOHLFORTH is Daniel Webster Professor of Government and Chair of the Department of Government at Dartmouth College, “Reshaping the World Order, Foreign Affairs, Mar/Apr2009, Vol. 88, Issue 2
Of course, the ability of AND the best that can be expected. US can change norms—avoid legitimacy costs.
Brooks and Wohlforth 9 – Stephen and William, Professors of Govt. @ Dartmouth, World Out of Balance, p 180-1
If the historical record is any AND to address the hegemon's primary concerns." a2 terrorism Plan sparks a backlash that causes Libyan civil war, turns case
Lacher 8/29
[Wolfram Lacher. Associate, Middle East and Africa Division, Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik / German Institute for International and Security Affairs. “The International Role in Post-Qadhafi Libya? Withdraw” Middle East Policy Council. August 29, 2011. http://www.mepc.org/articles-commentary/commentary/international-role-post-qadhafi-libya-withdraw] Planning is ongoing in Western capitals AND a dividing factor among the revolutionaries. No risk of nuclear terrorism.
Mueller 9 – Prof Political Science @ Ohio State University, John, “The Atomic Terrorist?”, Paper Prepared for the International Commission on Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament, April 30, http://www.icnnd.org/research/Mueller_Terrorism.pdf
Thus far terrorist groups seem to AND tolerable side effects, are generally desirable Lack of attribution constrains public demand for retaliation.
Jenkins-Smith 4 /Hank C., PhD. Professor at the George H.W. Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University and Kerry G. Herron, Ph.D. Research Scientist at George H.W. Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University, Fall, http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=hjsmith
Our final dependent variable deals with AND by revisionist concepts of public capacities. Al Qaeda will just go somewhere else
Metz 10 (Steven, "Don't Mess With Yemen," The New Republic, November 4, http://www.tnr.com/blog/foreign-policy/78906/al-qaeda-yemen-foreign-policy)
The dilemma, needless to sayAND of something much worse to come. Zero risk of terrorism – Al Qaeda is gone and nobody is replacing them
Zakaria, 2010 (Fareed, Editor of Newsweek International, “We’re safer than we think,” Newsweek, September 11, http://www.newsweek.com/2010/09/11/al-qaeda-isn-t-the-threat-anymore.html)
Of course we are safer. AND , and Al Qaeda with regularity. 2nc ev TNC legitimacy is being established – plan would wreck it.
Bennis 8/24
[Phyllis Bennis is a Fellow of the Institute for Policy Studies and the Transnational Institute in Amsterdam. “Libya: Too soon to declare victory” Al Jazeera. August 24, 2011. http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2011/08/2011823123039439122.html] But the legitimacy of the TNC AND to embrace Libyans so far excluded. Plan prevents rebel leaders from establishing authority
Maclean 11
[William Maclean, Security Correspondent. “ANALYSIS-Western help may test Libyan rebels' credibility” Reuters. Mar 31, 2011. http://af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFLDE72T18N20110331?sp=true] Gaddafi lost no time in attacking AND helping rebels advance than protecting civilians. Less than 1 in 3.5 billion risk of nuclear terrorism.
GSN 9 – Global Security Newswire, “Experts Debate Threat of Nuclear, Biological Terrorism”, 1/13, http://www.globalsecuritynewswire.org/gsn/nw_20090113_7105.php
In even the most likely scenario AND see GSN, Jan. 12). Public would never demand nuclear use.
Jenkins-Smith 4 /Hank C., PhD. Professor at the George H.W. Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University and Kerry G. Herron, Ph.D. Research Scientist at George H.W. Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University, Fall, http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=hjsmith
Though not shown in Table 6AND and 0.400 in 2002. No retaliation—public is rational.
Jenkins-Smith 4 /Hank C., PhD. Professor at the George H.W. Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University and Kerry G. Herron, Ph.D. Research Scientist at George H.W. Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University, Fall, http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=hjsmith
Our final contrasting set of expectations AND moderated significantly over the following year. Lack of attribution constrains public demand for retaliation.
Jenkins-Smith 4 /Hank C., PhD. Professor at the George H.W. Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University and Kerry G. Herron, Ph.D. Research Scientist at George H.W. Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University, Fall, http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=hjsmith
Our final dependent variable deals with AND by revisionist concepts of public capacities.
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Science DA
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Their critique of scientific epistemology empowers climate skeptics Revkin 9 [Andrew Revkin. “Industry Ignored Its Scientists on Climate” New York Times. April 24, 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/24/science/earth/24deny.html?_r=1&pagewanted=print] For more than a decade the AND cause as much confusion as possible.” Extinction Hansen ‘9, heads the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and adjunct professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Columbia University (James, December, Storms of My Grandchildren, ix) Planet Earth, creation, the AND will be clarified in due course.
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Heg Good K
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They cede Hegemony to the left – disabling it Kagan 1998 – PhD, graduate of Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government, adjunct history professor at Georgetown, senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (Robert, Foreign Policy, “The benevolent empire”) Those contributing to the growing chorus celebration of the next American humbling. There is a biological predisposition to violence and status competition – American exceptionalism and hegemony are key to solve Wohlforth 9 - William C. Wohlforth is a professor of government at Dartmouth College, “Unipolarity, Status Competition, and Great Power War”, World Politics, 61.1, Jan, MUSE Do Great Powers Care about StatusAND hypothesis.43Status Competition and Causal Mechanisms <Evidence Continues Several Pages Later> ConclusionThe evidence suggests that narrow and AND politics. [End Page 57] Heg decline causes US lash-out Goldstein, 2007 (Avery, Professor of Global Politics and International Relations @ University of Pennsylvania, “Power transitions, institutions, and China's rise in East Asia: Theoretical expectations and evidence,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 30, Issue 4 & 5 August) Two closely related, though distinctAND prior to the possible crossover.19 We should be exceptionalist in space Dolman 5 Professor of Comparative Military Studies at the US Air Force’s School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, Everett C., “U.S. Military Transformation and Weapons in Space,” 9-14-05, http://www.e-parl.net/pages/space_hearing_images/ConfPaper%20Dolman%20US%20Military%20Transform%20&%20Space.pdf) Indeed, it is concern for AND -overdue burst of economic expansion. Solves 7 scenarios for extinction Schwab 5 [Martin A. Schwab. “Homeplanet Defense: Strategic Thought for a World in Crisis” 2005. http://www.buybooksontheweb.com/peek.aspx?id=2483] We now face multiple threats to AND which would have obliterated Earth.1 Evolution makes realism and international competition inevitable. Thayer 10 – Prof Poli Sci @ Baylor, Bradley, "Darwin and International Relations Theory: Improving Theoretical Assumptions of Political Behavior” Prepared for Presentation at the 60th Political Studies Association Annual Conference, http://www.psa.ac.uk/journals/pdf/5/2010/1024_897.pdf <C> The Origins of AND scientific foundation it has been lacking. <B> Evolutionary Theory As AND to behave as offensive realism expects.
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NK DipCap DA
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Food Aid negotiations with North Korea are succeeding now AP December 18 (Time, “U.S. Aid a Step Toward Korea Nuke Talks” JEAN H. LEE, http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2102759,00.html#ixzz1hRPjtaLn The United States is poised to AND better characterized as "nutritional assistance." Clinton’s diplomatic capital is zero-sum. Spending capital on assistance trades off
Kelemen 8-21-2011, NPR, she has been traveling with Secretary of State Hillary Clinton from Asia to the Middle East and Europe, tracking the Obama administration's broad foreign policy agenda, Hillary Clinton: U.S. Diplomacy Is Stretched Thin, http://www.npr.org/people/2100727/michele-kelemenhttp://www.npr.org/2011/08/16/139678323/hillary-clinton-u-s-diplomacy-is-stretched-thin Secretary of State Hillary Clinton says AND we intervene and what we do." Food aid negotiations now are key to prevent loose nukes that cause nuclear terror Gallucci 12-22, president of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the chief negotiator with North Korea during the administration of President Bill Clinton (Robert. December 21, “What to Do, and Not Do, About North Korea”, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/22/opinion/north-korea-isnt-a-crisis-yet.html) What does make sense is to continue never attempts such transfers again. Retaliation causes nuclear war Rhodes 10 – Affiliate of the Center for International Security and Cooperation at Stanford University, Former visiting scholar at Harvard and MIT, and author of “The Making of the Atomic Bomb” which won the Pulitzer Prize in Nonfiction, National Book Award, and National Book Critics Circle Award, Richard, The Twilight of the Bombs: Recent Challenges, New Dangers, and the Prospects for a World Without Nuclear Weapons, p. 289 Equally unsettling was my encounter with building a homemade nuclear weapon is chilling.
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Internet Bad Turns vs Wayne State
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Can’t create any change – regime is resilient Stratfor 6-30-11 - The Greater Game in Bahrain, http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2011/06/30/the_greater_game_in_bahrain_99573.html According to rumors cited by anonymous AND Shiite opposition group, Al Wefaq. Growth of civil society causes backlash. Aziz and Musalem 11—Assoc. Prof of Law @ Texas Weselyan & Social Researcher in Bahrain Institute for Social Policy and Understanding, Citizens, Not Subjects: Debunking the Sectarian Narrative of Bahrain’s Pro-Democracy Movement, Sahar Aziz 1 and Abdullah Musalem, July, http://ispu.org/pdfs/640_ISPU%20Report_Bahrain_Aziz_Musalem_WEB.pdf the speed at which civil society AND royals returned to their traditional authoritarianism. Internet circumvention fails Ferran 11 – Lee, Iranian Spy Chief: Iran Can Beat U.S.'s 'Internet in a Suitcase, ABC News, 6-30, http://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/iran-spy-chief-iran-beat-uss-internet-suitcase/story?id=13961062 Iran has developed counter-measures AND to shut down the whole internet. It’s depoliticizing Morozov 9 – visiting scholar at Stanford and a Schwartz Fellow at the New America Foundation, Evgeny, How dictators watch us on the web, Prospect, 11-18, http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/2009/11/how-dictators-watch-us-on-the-web/ Moreover, the distracting noise of AND as they don’t venture into politics. Plan causes an authoritarian crackdown – turns their freedom of expression Morozov 11 - Evgeny Morozov is a Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow at the New America Foundation and a contributing editor of Foreign Policy, Whither Internet Control?, Journal of Democracy Volume 22, Number 2, April 2011 Most talk of "liberation technologiesAND infeasible, imprisonment may become inevitable. Thus, if the technological dimension AND nothing for technology to "liberate." US funding fails Morozov 9 – visiting scholar at Stanford and a Schwartz Fellow at the New America Foundation, Evgeny, How dictators watch us on the web, Prospect, 11-18, http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/2009/11/how-dictators-watch-us-on-the-web/ We shouldn’t kid ourselves. Nobody AND on the fingers of one hand. Increasing internet usage promotes violent authoritarianism Morozov 9 – visiting scholar at Stanford and a Schwartz Fellow at the New America Foundation, Evgeny, How dictators watch us on the web, Prospect, 11-18, http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/2009/11/how-dictators-watch-us-on-the-web/ Similarly, the smartest and most AND —are also its main weaknesses.
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| 01/16/12 |
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PTC ptx
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Payroll tax cuts will pass – it’s the top of the docket and capital is key. Wall Street Journal 12-31-11 - White House Looks to Shrunken 2012 Legislative Agenda HONOLULU—President Barack Obama heads AND a champion of the middle class. Plan costs capital – even if congress likes the idea of plan they hate funding it. Paul Richter, staff writer @ LA Times, 4-12-2011 (Debt worries stymieing U.S. financial aid to help Arab nations in transition, Los Angeles Times, p. articles.latimes.com/2011/apr/12/world/la-fg-mideast-aid-20110413) Reporting from Washington — The Obama AND appropriators in Congress, aides say. Payroll tax cuts key to the economy. Carr 9-7-11 – Chuck Marr is the Director of Federal Tax Policy at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. From 1999 through 2004, he was Economic Policy Advisor to Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle and Senior Advisor for Budget Policy at the National Economic Council from 1997 through 1999 during the second term of President Clinton. Tax policy was a key area of responsibility of both these positions. In addition, earlier in his career he was Chief Economist of the Senate Budget Committee and a professional staff member of the Senate Banking Committee. Most recently, prior to joining the Center in March, 2009, he was a senior political strategist in the Washington Research Group of Lehman Brothers and Barclays Capital, where he analyzed the impact of public policy on financial markets. He has also taught as an adjunct Professor at Georgetown University, Letting Payroll Tax Cut Expire Would Shrink Worker Paychecks and Damage Weak Economy, Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, http://www.cbpp.org/cms/?fa=view&id=3572 Failure by Congress to extend the AND end of 2012). [13] Nuclear war—turns every impact. Burrows and Harris 9 - Mathew J. Burrows is a counselor in the National Intelligence Council (NIC), the principal drafter of Global Trends 2025: A Transformed World, Jennifer Harris is a member of the NIC’s Long Range Analysis Unit, “Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis”, The Washington Quarterly, April, http://www.ciaonet.org/journals/twq/v32i2/f_0016178_13952.pdf Increased Potential for Global Conflict Of AND from a globalizing world turn negative.
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Russia DA
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US assistance to the Syrian opposition destroys relations with Russia – we’re on the brink. CSIS 11 - What Does the Arab Spring Mean for Russia, Central Asia, and the Caucasus?, September, http://csis.org/publication/what-does-arab-spring-mean-russia-central-asia-and-caucasus Russia and the West, thoughAND Russia’s image in the United States. Relations are solving every impact now – collapse causes great power war and ends heg. Suslov and Karaganov 11 - Sergei Karaganov, Dean of the School of the World Economy and International Affairs at the National Research University–Higher School of Economics (NRU-HSE); Chairman of the Presidium, the Council on Foreign and Defense Policy (CFDP); Chairman of the Editorial Board, Russia in Global Affairs journal AND Dmitry Suslov, Deputy Director of the Center for Comprehensive European and International Studies, NRU-HSE; Assistant Dean for Research, the School of the World Economy and International Affairs, NRUHSE; Deputy Director of Research Programs at CFDPThe U.S.—Russia Relations after the «Reset»: Building a New Agenda. A View from Russia Report by the Russian Participants of the Working Group on the Future of the Russian—U.S. Relations, March, http://vid-1.rian.ru/ig/valdai/US-Russia%20relations_eng.pdf 1.10. The building AND U.S.’s advantage. US led regime change causes nuclear war with Russia. Siletsky 11 – Quoting Paul Craig Roberts, a U.S. Republican and former Assistant Secretary of Treasury in the Ronald Reagan Administration, Staff Writer, Igor, "Cold War"-era mastodons, The Voice of Russia, 4-29, http://english.ruvr.ru/2011/04/29/49642662.html Washington is behaving recklessly by straining AND States and NATO do not want.
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India CP
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Text: The Republic of India should: --propose to the United States federal government a strategic forum for cooperation on democratic reform in Syria --solicit advice from the United States executive branch about best practices in rule of law assistance for the support of democratic transition to the Syrian National Council --provide rule of law assistance for the support of democratic transition to the Syrian National Council --provide project grants to the National Endowment for Democracy to provide rule of law assistance for the support of democratic transition to the Syrian National Council --propose that the U.S. endorse a joint diplomatic statement of high-level support for the initiative. Cooperation on Middle East democracy assistance solves case and builds US-India relations. Fontaine and Twining 11 - Daniel Twining is Senior Fellow for Asia at the German Marshall Fund of the United States. Richard Fontaine is Senior Fellow at the Center for a New American Security. Each previously handled South Asia policy at the U.S. Department of State and served as Senator John McCain’s foreign policy adviser in the U.S. Senate, The Ties that Bind? U.S.—Indian Values-based Cooperation, The Washington Quarterly • 34:2 Strategically, the key question is AND defense, trade, and the sharing of high technology, the values AND Middle East, and Southeast Asia. Solves Asian great power war. Fontaine et al 10 - Richard L. Armitage President, Armitage International, Co-Chair R. Nicholas Burns Professor of the Practice of Diplomacy and International Politics, Harvard University, Co-Chair Richard Fontaine Senior Fellow, Center for a New American Security, Natural Allies A Blueprint for the Future of U.S.-India Relations, Center for New American Security, October, http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Natural%20Allies_ArmitageBurnsFontaine.pdf A strengthened U.S.-AND strong and enduring presence in Asia. Nuclear war Campbell 8 – PhD, Kurt M, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affair served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Asia and the Pacific, Director on the National Security Council Staff, Chief Executive Officer and co-founder of the Center for a New American Security (CNAS), served as Director of the Aspen Strategy Group and the Chairman of the Editorial Board of the Washington Quarterly, and was the founder and Principal of Strat Asia, a strategic advisory company focused on Asia, rior to co-founding CNAS, he served as Senior Vice President, Director of the International Security Program, and the Henry A. Kissinger Chair in National Security Policy at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, doctorate in International Relation Theory from Oxford, former associate professor of public policy and international relations at the John F. Kennedy School of Government and Assistant Director of the Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University, member of Council on Foreign Relations and International Institute for Strategic Studies, “The Power of Balance: America in Asia” June, http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CampbellPatelSingh_iAsia_June08.pdf) We call the transformations across the AND miscalculation or poor decision-making.
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| 01/16/12 |
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Private Aid
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The United States Federal Government should clarify that organizations that provide rule of law assistance to the National Transitional Council are exempt from Internal Revenue Code lobbying restrictions with regards to actions in Libya. The President of the United States should issue a statement of support for the efforts of the aforementioned charities and foundations. Removing IRC lobbying restrictions triggers a wave of philanthropy that solves case—direct government aid causes backlash. Crimm 5 – Professor of Law, St. John's University School of Law, Nina, “ARTICLE: Democratization, Global Grant-Making, and the Internal Revenue Code Lobbying Restrictions,” Tulane Law Review, 79 Tul. L. Rev. 587, p. lexis Although, in previous eras, AND reconsideration of these possibly outdated restrictions. Solves US credibility – charities are identified with the US government. Jenkins 7 – Assistant Professor of Law, The Ohio State University Moritz College of Law, Gary, “ARTICLE: SOFT POWER, STRATEGIC SECURITY, AND INTERNATIONAL PHILANTHROPY,” North Carolina Law Review, 85 N.C.L. Rev. 773, p. lexis Nye primarily views international nonprofit inures to the state writ large Charities will provide democracy assistance to the middle east – US encouragement is key. Katulis, 9 - Senior Fellow – Center for American Progress, “Democracy Promotion in the Middle East and the Obama Administration”, http://tcf.org/publications/pdfs/pb681/Katulis.pdf) The new administration should increase its a heavy reliance on U.S. taxpayer support.
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