The thesis and framework – gender infiltrates all aspects of politics, structuring ways of knowing and acting – the affirmative’s false neutrality reproduces Arab “democracy” as masculine hierarchy

Moghadam 11 (Valentine, Professor of Sociology and Women’s Studies, Purdue University, “Engendering Democracy: Women and the Mass Social Protests in the Middle East and North Africa”, March 5)

The first decade of the … understood this.  But does everyone?

US democracy assistance produces patriarchal exclusion that dooms their solvency – This exclusion is INHERENT to the 1AC method of knowing the world

Handrahan ‘2 [Lori, Professorial Lecturer, School of International Service, London School of Economics' Sociology and Gender Institute, Gendering Ethnicity: Implications for Democracy Assistance. Issues in Globalization Series, pp. 66-74]

USAID's failure is due …supported by US AID funds were 100% men (Zairash 1998).

Their masculinized perspective subordinates politics to violent control, dooming the Middle East to perpetual conflict.

Chandra Talpade Mohanty, Gender Studies at Syracuse University, 2011

[3/26 “Imperial Democracies, Militarised Zones,  Feminist Engagements” Economic & Political Weekly vol xlvi no 13]

The post-11 September 2001 consolidation of imperial  … border share  designers, builders, and profiteers  (Platt 2011).

Rejecting the affirmative creates political space to expose the gender hierarchies of democracy assistance. Begin your decision with 1AC knowledge production—Focus on plan establishes a masculinist framework for politics.

Cornwall et. al. ‘4 [Andrea, Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex, Elizabeth Harrison, Senior Lecturer in Anthropology at the University of Sussex, Ann Whitehead, Professor of Anthropology at University of Sussex, “Introduction: Repositioning Feminisms in Gender and Development”, IDS Bulletin Volume 35, Issue 4, pages 1–10, October 2004]

Feminists work towards social … within autonomous feminist organising

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1NC Presumption Junction:

Interpretation:

Predictive policy-making requires quantitative evidence—As well as analysis of everyday experiences to account for interlocking processes of knowledge and power in the Middle East.

Robert Chamberlain, 2011 [“Steady Mobbinʼ (OK, youʼre a Goon, but whatʼs a Goon to a Goblin?): Redrawing the Theoretical Map of the Middle East”  ] A

 In his short story, “On Exactitude in Science,” …of the Bourdieuzian analysis for contemporary research

B Violation

1. The 1AC’s s-called expert opinions are worse than a coin-toss.

2. Reductionism. Confident predictions of one-direction-causality skew risk analysis.

3. Intellectual Momentum: 1AC cherry-picks evidence in favor of preferred conclusions.

Gardner and Tetlock 2011 Dan, columnist and senior writer with the Ottawa Citizen, and Philip, Leonore Annenberg University Professor @ UPenn “Overcoming Our Aversion to Acknowledging Our Ignorance” Cato Unbound 7-11 http://www.cato-unbound.org/2011/07/11/dan-gardner-and-philip-tetlock/overcoming-our-aversion-to-acknowledging-our-ignorance

The editors may regret that short shelf-life … than your competitors on policy bets panning out.

Vote Negative on Presumption – Challenging 1AC Knowledge-Production Sparks  Demand for Evidence Based Policy.

Davies, 2k4.  Philip Davies 2004 [PhD, Government Chief Social Researcher’s Office, “Is Evidence-Based Government Possible?, Jerry Lee Lecture, 4th Annual Campbell Collaboration Colloquium Washington D.C. 19 February 2004]

What is Evidence-Based Policy? Evidence-…. evidence of effectiveness and efficiency.

1NC Risk—1

Reflect on the 1AC as a Flow of Communication–Resonances and Meanings Emerge through Interactive Processes of Affect and Knowledge.

Your ballot should interrupt 1AC communication of risk.

Their reductionist framework backfires—Undermining political responsibility in the face of threat.

William J. Kinsella, Assoc Prof Communication at NC State University, 2010

[“Risk communication, phenomenology, and the limits of representation” Catalan Journal of Communication & Cultural Studies 2 (2) pp. 267–276]

Despite movements towards more … who take and bear risks.  

The 1AC cultivates linkages between democracy assistance and fear—

This spills-over to state violence and squashing of political dissent

Jennifer Hyndman, Prof Social Science and Geography at York U, 2007

[“The Securitization of Fear in Post-Tsunami Sri Lanka” Annals of the Association of American Geographers Volume 97, Issue 2, pages 361–372]

It is a conviction of the times, … a crisis in search of a response.

Fiat Debate Has Become Like “The Boy Who Cried Wolf”

Every Round Brings a New Extinction Event.

This Endless Repetition of Banal Apocalypse  Increases Public Cynicism and Elite Control.

Randals, 2k9.

[Samuel, Department of Geography at the University College London  with Marieke de Goede, Department of European Studies at the University of Amsterdam and “Precaution, preemption: arts and technologies of the actionable future.”  Environment and Planning. 27: . pp.  859-878]

Politics We have argued that preemption ….that is all too often  evacuated from media sensationalism.

Interrupting the 1AC framework educates us to respond to uncertainty—A prerequisite to policy deliberates that RESONATES as engagement.

Hart, 2k7. [Reciprocal Revelation: Toward a Pedagogy of Interiority, Tobin Hart, Professor of Psychology Co-founder and President of the Child Spirit Institute University of West Georgia, Journal of Cognitive Affective Learning, 3(2) (Spring 2007), 1-10. Oxford College of Emory University. 1549-695 https://www.jcal.emory.edu//viewarticle.php?id=83&layout=html, JP Miller]

With most topics, there is an …. What have we beheld, appreciated, and genuinely met today?

*gender modified

The Debate Network is a Complex Adaptive System

Promises of Stable Equilibrium are an Illusion—Embracing The Unexpected Spills-Over to Creative Learning.

Reuben R. McDaniel 2k3 [Chair in Health Care Management at UT-Austin with Michelle E. Jordan-Elementary School Teacher; Brigitte F. Fleeman-Research Associate in Educational Psychology at UT-Austin. “Surprise, Surprise, Surprise! A Complexity Science View of the Unexpected” Health Care Management Review July/Sept 2003]

Although often we assume that our expectations … works and what  doesn’t work