China DA

• Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

•  

   

  A.   Relations are at a critical juncture, pressure on a number of issues have pushed relations to the brink. But both sides are willing to work to develop relations now

   

  Global Times, 1-15-2011 Global Times, online news source, 1.15.11, U.S. turns on pressure ahead of Hu’s visit,

   

  Earlier Friday, Chinese Vice Foreign  [...] work to establish more effective cooperation, Reuters reported.

   

  China perceives US action as part of a grand strategy of domination

   

  GISC 2008 – [  Michael Caldararo; Jason Cantone; Jonathan Cowin; Rachel Huggins; Hailey Rademacher; Drew Sendelbach; STRATEGIC COMMAND OMAHA NE GLOBAL INNOVATION AND STRATEGY CENTER. .]

   

  Despite U.S. professions  [...] which imposes its will on others.”

   

  
  A.   US China Relations key to world economy

   

  THE ADVERTISER, staff, “The Unknown Menace,” October 27, 2005, p. 19.

   

  Long term, however, the  [...] will be in another economic shock.

   

  B.   Economic relations prevent extinction.

   

  Norman Bailey, Professor, “The World Economy in the 1990s,” THE WORLD & I, January 1990, p. 33, ASP.

   

  The thirties after all began three  [...] be destroyed in the process.

  2NC

  China does not perceive the US as calling the shots in the Middle East

   

  The Australian 8-4-11. (August 4, CHILL WINDS BLOW FOR ARAB SPRING, BYLINE: GREG SHERIDAN, FOREIGN EDITOR, LN)

   

  The Arab Spring had some alarming  [...] right now, they're not winning.

   

  China wants status quo US policies—no conflicts coming

   

  Alterman 10 [Jon B., Director, Middle East Program, Center for Strategic and International Studies,  “The Vital Triangle”, 7/12, ]

   

  When it comes to military affairs  [...] policies in the 1960s and 1970s

   

  The plan would be spun as American interventionism—China would backlash

   

  Carothers 06 – Thomas, vice president for studies at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. He is the founder and director of the Democracy and Rule of Law Program (The Backlash Against Democracy Promotion, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, MARCH/APRIL 2006, ) ADI

   

  The recent "color revolutions"  [...] of the democracy-promotion cause.

   

  China sees plan as containment

   

  Kleine-Ahlbrandt and Small 2008, Stephanie: the China and North East Asia Project Director of the International Crisis Group, former International Affairs Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. Andrew: Program Associate at the German Marshall Fund of the United States. “China’s New Dictatorship Diplomacy,” Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb,

   

  All these investments, in turn [...] . military bases in Central Asia.

  
  CHINA WILL GO TO WAR

  China has the capability to go to war in the Middle East-regional naval buildup and oil prove

   

  Feng 10 [Zhu, professor at the School of International Studies and Deputy Director of the Center for International and Strategic Studies at Peking University, “Oil Nexus vs. Diplomatic Crux: China’s Energy Demands, Maritime Security, and Middle East Aspirations”, part of “China’s Growing Role in the Middle East: Implications for the Region and Beyond”, ]

   

  Is China’s Navy Planning to Meddle  [...] more ambitious plan to intervene.

   

  
  
  Our ev is comparative: China prefers instability to democracy assistance

   

  Jonathan Holslag 2011, research fellow at the Brussels Institute of Contemporary China Studies. “China and the Coups: Coping with Political Instability in Africa,” Oxford Journals, African Affairs, May 10,

   

  However destabilizing illegitimate regime changes are  [...] rather than trying to shape them.

   

  China cares more about countering the US

   

  Steven Kuo 2011, visiting associate at the Centre for African Studies, University of Cape Town in South Africa. “The People’s Republic of China’s Understanding of African Security: Motivations and Limitations,” April 25, 2011,

   

  This paper finds that expectations for  [...] in African development and security issues.

   

  China benefits from current unrest

   

  J. Peter Pham 2011 Director, Michael S. Ansari Africa Center, Atlantic Counsel, Director of the Nelson Institute for International and Public Affairs at James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia. He is also an academic fellow at the Foundation for the Defense of Democracies in Washington, D.C. “China’s Interests in the Middle East and North Africa in the Light of Recent Developments in those Regions,” Testimony before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Hearing on “China’s Current and Emerging Foreign Policy Priorities” Wednesday, April 13, 2011,

   

  China’s diplomatic position may be principled [...] to support the island kingdom’s government.

   

  China alignment against the U.S. in the Middle East causes Straits of Hormuz conflict and weapons sales to Iran which escalates conflict

   

  Alterman 10 [Jon B., Director, Middle East Program, Center for Strategic and International Studies,  “The Vital Triangle”, 7/12, ]

   

  China’s rising engagement in the Middle  [...] did significant damage to the ship.

   

  US engagement in the region increases the likelihood of Iran action

   

  Stirling 08, former consultant to three very high tech aerospace firms, “The Iran War - How It Will Begin,” 9-6,

   

  Regardless if the war begins with  [...] total global war may be unstoppable.

  Us-china relations key to regional stability

   

  David Shambaugh, Director, China Policy Program, George Washington University, “China Engages Asia,” INTERNATIONAL SECURITY v. 29 n. 3, Winter 2005, ASP.

   

  On balance, this complex relationship  [...] seek to avoid at all costs.

   

  Asian instability risks a big nuclear war

   

  Paul Kennedy, Professor, History, Yale University, “21^st Century—Dialogues on the Future/Globalization’s Sway in Evolution fo States Put in Focus,” THE DAILY YOMIURI, January 10, 2000, p. 1.

   

  Kennedy: I do not think  [...] the area by 2010 or 2015.

   

  
  

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Neolib K

• Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• Arab Spring revolutions have opened up the possibility for a post neoliberal world order, however intervention by the US will change the tide of the revolts and prop up neoliberalism

  Amin 11 Samir Amin, Egypt-born political author who is best known for his Neo-Marxist writings in development theory “2011: An Arab Springtime?”, Monthly Review, August 2011, http://monthlyreview.org/commentary/2011-an-arab-springtime

  Revolts, potentially pregnant with revolutionary  [...] the perspective of generalized barbarism.

   

   

  US intervention will create new regimes of neoliberalism. Which creates the kill to save mentality—ensuring the genocidal destruction of humanity

   

  Santos 03 Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Collective Suicide?,Issue #63, April 2003, Bad Subjects.com http://bad.eserver.org/issues/2003/63/santos.html/view?searchterm=Santos,

   

  According to Franz Hinkelammert, the  [...] , of thousands of innocent civilians.

   

   

  Alternative:  Reject the affirmative by refusing to participate in the acceptance of institutions we can only affirm globalization from below by disengaging from institutions—this is an ontological imperative

   

  Choi, Murphy, and Caro 4

  Jung Min, John W, Manuel J, Professor of Sociology SDSU, Professor of Sociology University of Miami, Professor of Sociology Barry University, Globalization with a Human Face,  pg. 6-9

   

  Many critics have begun to wonder  [...] to why not pursue alternative visions?

  
  
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EU CP

• Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

•  

  EU solves best – they have the money, access to markets, and regional influence to solve better than the US

   

  Catherine Ashton, “What Next in North Africa?” INTERNATIONAL HERALD TRIBUNE, 3—19—11, LN.

   

  I shall set out what the  [...] seize, to plan for peace.

   

  EU credibility key to balkan stability

   

  Kori Schake, senior research professor, and Jeffrey Simon, senior fellow in INSS, 2001,

  http://www.ndu.edu/inss/press/Occassional_Papers/BUSH.HTML

   

  Skimping on the money and expertise  [...] to the momentum of the operation.

   

  Balkan war goes nuclear

   

  Charles Glaser, INTERNATIONAL SECURITY, Summer 1993, p. 8-9.

   

   However, although the lack  [...] not be unconcerned about Europe's future.

  2NC

  U.S. and Europe are soft power competitors

   

  Joseph Nye, Harvard, 2004, SOFT POWER: THE MEANS TO SUCCESS IN WORLD POLITICS, p. 75-6

   

  Currently, the closest competitor to  [...] human rights as “European values.”

   

  EU must be involved – can support democratic infrastructure

   

  Daniel Korski, senior policy fellow, European Council on Foreign Relations, “The Bahraini Challenge,” THE SPECTATOR, 2—20—11, , accessed 8-11-11.

   

  The debacle in Bahrain cuts close  [...] with new governments across the region.

   

  Euro soft power on democratization key to solve terror

   

  Joseph S. Nye Jr. is professor of international relations at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard and author of "The Power Game: A Washington Novel." , 11/15/04, “Tapping Soft Power: America Needs a Strong Europe”, International Herald Tribune. http://www.iht.com/articles/2004/11/15/ednye_ed3_.php

   

  European soft power has an important  [...] same game and coordinate their strategy.

   

   

  The EU solves democracy promotion in the Arab world

   

  Abboud 10 (Noufal Abboud was Project Coordinator at the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA) project on Democracy in the Arab Word, focusing on elections, political parties and women’s participation in politics in Egypt, Yemen and Jordan.  He has a MA in Human Rights from Mahidol University, Thailand, and a Licence en Droit (BA in Law) from University Hassan II in Casablanca, Morocco; "Regenerating the State in the Arab World: The Role Of the European Union in Democracy Building"; ADI)

   

  It is only with knowledge of  [...] role of either catalyst or teacher.

   

  The EU is comparatively more effective than the US at democracy promotion - Arab perception

   

  Abboud 10 (Noufal Abboud was Project Coordinator at the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA) project on Democracy in the Arab Word, focusing on elections, political parties and women’s participation in politics in Egypt, Yemen and Jordan.  He has a MA in Human Rights from Mahidol University, Thailand, and a Licence en Droit (BA in Law) from University Hassan II in Casablanca, Morocco; "Regenerating the State in the Arab World: The Role Of the European Union in Democracy Building"; ADI)

   

  Finally, the Arab world desperately  [...] tolerance, diversity and justice.

   

  
  
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Diplo Focus DA

• Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• The U.S. staging diplomatic efforts with Palestine to dissuade Abbas from going to the U.N. next week for full membership – now is key to intensely focus state department resources

   

  Reuters 9/6 [US in Mideast diplomatic push before UN meeting.”  [http://whtc.com/news/articles/2011/sep/06/us-in-mideast-diplomatic-push-before-un-meeting/  //uo-wc]

   

  WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Senior  [...] to work afterwards," Nuland said. 

   

  Plan trades-off with U.S. efforts

  Terry L. Anderson, Prof of Economics at Montana State,  and J. Bishop Grewell, Research Associate, Political Economy Research Center,  2002 http://www.perc.org/pdf/ps20.pdf, //uo-tjs]

   

  Foreign policy is a bag of  [...] and ensuring access to foreign economies.

   

  If Palestine moves forward with a U.N. initiative it will lead to an uprising in the West-Bank and immediate war between Israel and Palestine

   

  Ibish 11 [Hussein, senior fellow at the American Task force on Palestine.  “  Defusing Palestinian Statehood Bid at the UN.”  The Atlantic, 7/27/11.  http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/07/defusing-palestinian-statehood-bid-at-the-un/242619/, //uo-wc]

   

  There are other risks. Israeli  [...] rapidly spiral out of anyone's control.

   

  Quick collapse of the peace process causes middle-east war

   

  Christian Science Monitor, 9-16, 10, www.csmonitor.com/USA/Foreign-Policy/2010/0916/Hillary-Clinton-winds-up-Mideast-trip-no-deal-some-hope

   

  Still, the pitfalls for the  [...] is when the explosions begin.”

   

  And, this conflict escalates to a nuclear exchange

   

  John Steinbach, DC Iraq Coalition, Israeli Weapons of Mass Destruction: A Threat to Peace, March 2002, http://www.wagingpeace.org/articles/2002/03/00_steinbach_israeli-wmd.htm

   

  Meanwhile, the existence of an  [...] a world conflagration." (44)

   

  2NC

  Preventing things from spiraling out of control will require a massive American diplomatic presence, otherwise a showdown at the U.N. is certain

   

  Asali 9/8 [Ziad, founder and president of the American Task Force on Palestine.  “Train Wreck in Turtle Bay.”  Foreign Policy, 9/8/11.  http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/09/08/train_wreck_in_turtle_bay?page=0,1,  //uo-wc]

   

  The best counterweight to chaos is  [...] showdown at the U.N.

   

  U.S. diplomatic focus is the lynch-pin, everything hangs in the balance—without a robust diplomatic process that provides clear incentives and provides Abbas alternative diplomatic steps, Palestine will move forward…

   

  Ibish 11 [Hussein, senior fellow at the American Task force on Palestine.“ Defusing Palestinian Statehood Bid at the UN.”  The Atlantic, 7/27/11.  http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/07/defusing-palestinian-statehood-bid-at-the-un/242619/, //uo-wc

   

   

  All parties have a clear incentive  [...] spite of the obvious dangers ahead.

   

  And, the issue is more urgent than ever—within state department’s capacity, but failure flares violence at great human cost and drawing the U.S. into the conflict

   

  Asali 9/8 [Ziad, founder and president of the American Task Force on Palestine.  “Train Wreck in Turtle Bay.”  Foreign Policy, 9/8/11.    //uo-wc]

   

  The need for a compromise is  [...] inevitably be drawn into such confrontations.

   

  Link New diplomatic issues hurt focus and tradeoff with other diplomatic efforts

   

  J. Bishop Grewell, Research Associate with PERC and a visiting scholar with the Competitive Enterprise Institute, March 2001, http://www.perc.org/publications/percreports/march2001/green.php?s=2, //uo-tjs]

   

  Foreign policy has always been a  [...] quality should promote economic growth.

   

  NO other conflict as the same global impact

   

  Kamal Nawash, the president of the Free Muslims Coalition. “Israel/Palestine Conflict May Lead to Nuclear War.” 01/10/09

   

  Surprise, surprise, once again  [...] . There are no other choices.

   

  And, we’ll win a real internal link to Steinbach—failure to act means Hamas will go after Israel’s nuclear arsenal

   

  The Times. [“Gaza rockets put Israel’s nuclear plant in battle zone: Growing concern over Hamas’s new arsenal.” 1-2-09. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/middle_east/article5430133.ece, //uo-tjs]

   

  Israeli officials say that Hamas has  [...] groups have links to isreal’s archenemy Iran

  
  
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Framework

• Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• 1.    The Affirmative should defend the implementation of a policy by the United States Federal Government

   

  WordNet, Princeton University, 2003, p. http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=us%20government

   

  U.S. government n  [...] US Government, U.S.]

   

  Failure to establish research parameters leads to the Failure of Design Games

   

  Sarratore 99

  (Steven T. is Associate Professor of Theatre and Associate Dean of Fine  and Performing Arts at Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne “Design Games,” Theatre Topics 9.1)

   

  The design games offered below owe  [...] -gamemaster ultimately controls the project. 

   

   

  This education is uniquely important because some government violence is inevitable – we must reject utopianism and debate the consequences of policy action

   

  Michael Ignatieff, Carr Professor, Human Rights, Harvard University, LESSER EVILS, 2004, p. 18-19.

   

  To insist that justified exercises of  [...] a fourth obligation: we must justify

   

  Second is participatory democracy—

  We must posit ourselves as the government in order to make participatory democracy possible

   

  John Rawls, The Law of Peoples, 1999, p. 56-57

   

  How is the ideal of public  [...] of peace and understanding among peoples.

   

  Participatory democracy is critical to instating human dignity as the core of our politics

   

  Envio 1990, Issue 105 “Whither Central America? Coopted Negotiation or Participatory Democracy?” http://www.envio.org.ni/articulo/2597

   

  With the first choice Eastern Europe  [...] just “more of the same.”

   

  Third is hypothesis-testing—

  Theories or approaches to the world must culminate in a test, in this case a policy—this is critical to social science—it prevents theory from being a trap and leads to more well-informed social sciences

  Judith Mitchell Buddenbaum, Ph.D and professor of Journalism at Colorado State and Katherine B. Novak assistant professor at Butler, 2001. “Applied Communication Research” Iowa State University Press

   

  Although deductive reasoning is the classical  [...] regularities become the stuff of theory.

   

  Testing these in a dialectical atmosphere is critical to ethical decisionmaking—debate is a unique forum for this education

   

  Star Muir, professor in the department of communication at George Mason University, 1993. Philosophy and Rhetoric, volume 26, number 4, page 278. “The Ethics of Contemporary Debate”

   

  Modern debate. Murphy insists,  [...] form their own moral identity.

  
  
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Zizek K

• Tournament: Gonzaga | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• A. THE AFFIRMATIVE MISUNDERSTANDS RESISTANCE. THE STATUS QUO ISN’T MAINTAINED BY IDENTIFICATION, BUT THROUGH SUBJECTIVE DISIDENTIFICATION… THE ASSUMPTION THAT YOU’VE TRANSCENDED THE SOCIAL ORDER THROUGH A PERFORMANCE ALLOWS YOU TO BE A BETTER COG IN THE MACHINE BY BLINDING YOU TO YOUR DAILY PARTICIPATION

   

  Zizek 2001

  [Slavoj, Still gives a shit, On Belief (Thinking in Action), New York City: Routledge, 2001, 20-2//uwyo-ajl]

   

   The reference to capitalism is here  [...] itself into an excess of itself).

   

  B. IN THE AGE OF CYNICISM, CAPITAL CAN NO LONGER FUNCTION THROUGH HONEST REPRESENTATIONS, BUT MUST RELY ON A SENSE OF IRONIC DISTANCE, ALLOWING CONSUMERS TO BE MORE EFFECTIVE INTEGRATED INTO CAPITAL VIA SUBJECTIVE DISPLACEMENT

   

  Krips '99

  [Henry, Professor of Communication at the Pitt, Fetish: an erotics of culture, Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1999, 167-70//uwyo-ajl]

   

  Direct-sell ads of the  [...] break with or even subvert ideology.

   

  C1. THIS GUTS SOLVENCY - IDEOLOGY SOLICITS DISSENT… THINGS ARE CHANGED ON THE CONDITION THAT, FUNDAMENTALLY, EVERYTHING REMAINS THE SAME

   

  Zizek 2001

  [Slavoj, Pro-surfer, “Repeating Lenin,” 2001, , Acc. 8-20-04]

   

  What are we to say to  [...] consensus - or it means nothing.

   

  2. IDEOLOGICAL PSEUDO-EVENTS USE THE GUISE OF CHANGE TO MAINTAIN GLOBAL CAPITAL, GENERATING FUNDAMENTALIST AND TOTALITARIAN VIOLENCE – ONLY REASSERTION OF THE UNIVERSAL CAN UNDERMINE THAT CYCLE

   

  Zizek '99

  [Slavoj, Senior Researcher at Institute for Social Studies, Ljubliana and Badass, The Ticklish Subject: the absent centre of political ontology, New York: Verso, 1999, 210-1//uwyo-ajl]

   

  Under these Conditions, the Event  [...] did to the Roman global Empire.

   

  D. PSYCHOANALYTIC METHOD COMES FIRST – IT INTERROGATES THE UNCONSCIOUS  SCHEMES THAT IMPRISON OUR SYMBOLIC REALITY, ALLOWING REVOLUTIONARY SOCIAL CHANGE

   

  Barratt '93

  [Barnaby, Practicing Analyst, Psychoanalysis and the Postmodern Impulse, Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1993, 20-1//uwyo-ajl]

   

  This insistence on the priority of  [...] -17, p. 15).

  
  
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Democracy K

• Tournament: WNPT | Round: 2 | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• Democracy assistance is a neo liberal farce. It creates a violent conceptual hierarchy for judging the globe presuming democracy is a neutral product that the West exports to tragic and victimized states. This turns the case. Neo-colonial democracy promotion exacerbates inequalities, reinforces violent dynamics, and enables the enlightened West to perpetually intervene to biopolitically improve the quality of life. Isolated instances of ‘assistance’ do little to alter these dynamics because they treat democracy as something that can be given or established rather than something constituted or produced. The relation to democracy is sour to the core.

   

  Christopher Hobson, Department of International Politics at Aberystwyth University, “The Limits of Liberal-Democracy Promotion,” Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, 34, October, 2009, p. 393-7

   

  There are serious shortcomings and difficulties  [...] still  seeking to make this transition.

   

  This results in global collective suicide, violence and destruction on a grand scale

  Boaventura de Sousa Santos, leading Portuguese social theorist, director of the Center for Social Studies at the University of Coimbra, April 2003, Bad Subjects, http://eserver.org/bs/63/santos.html, accessed January 1, 2004

   

  According to Franz Hinkelammert, the  [...] a machine of horror and destruction.

   

  The alternative questions what we mean by democracy. As long as we remain trapped within the confines of the liberal democratic imaginary we degrade the conceptual relevance of democracy in favor of establishing global hierarchies of domination. Abandoning the focus on empirical outcomes and policy prerogatives is critical to rethinking the meaning of democracy. This stance creates a better chance to impact domination and is mutually exclusive with quick fix approaches to politics.

   

  Christopher Hobson, Department of International Politics at Aberystwyth University, “The Limits of Liberal-Democracy Promotion,” Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, 34, October, 2009, p. 397-401

   

  Democracy promotion is now at  [...] liberal-democracy promotion to date.

  You should evaluate epistemology first because the way you think about problems determines how you respond to them and the consequences they engender

   

  Smith ‘96

  [Steve, Professor of International Politics at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth, “Positivism and Beyond,” International theory: Positivism and beyond, New York: Cambridge University Press, 12-13]

   

  But the stakes are also high  [...] notice: “massacres become vital.”

   

  Discursive acts of recognition are what create and destroy identity in the international arena.  Elevating state interaction above discursive interplay backfires, producing chaos and war because it does not recognize the root of conflict in the modern age.

  Dryzek 06 [John S, Professor of Political Science, University of Melbourne , Deliberative Global Politics: Discourse and Democracy in a Divided World, published by Polity Press, 2006, page 3, //uo-tjs]

   

  Discourses construct meaning, distinguish agents  [...] ), corporations, or even terrorists.

   

  Empire legitimates itself through communications and linguistic representations. These representations are the only ways we can understand and interrupt neoliberal globalization

   

  Michael Hardt, Associate Professor of Literature and Romance Studies at Duke University, and Antonio Negri, independent researcher and writer and an inmate at Rebibbia Prison, former Lecturer in Political Science at the University of Paris and a Professor of Political Science at the University of Padua, 2000, Empire, p. 32-34

   

  One site where we should locate  [...] validity, and legitimation of imperial right.
  
  

  Material production and representation are irrecovably mixed- the 1AC is literally an act of production- debate over its linguistic or communicative content challenges the efficacy of empire

   

  Michael Hardt, Associate Professor of Literature and Romance Studies at Duke University, and Antonio Negri, independent researcher and writer and an inmate at Rebibbia Prison, former Lecturer in Political Science at the University of Paris and a Professor of Political Science at the University of Padua, 2000, Empire, p. 385

   

  Postmodernization and the passage to Empire  [...] development and recomposition of the totality.

  
   

  Removing a leader or party just regenerates these conditions of possibility, which means the aff creates de facto inequality and conflict even if they resolve de jure inequity.

   

  Card 02 Claudia Card, “Genocide and Social Death”, Hypatia, 2002, http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/hypatia/v018/18.1card02.html

  This essay develops the hypothesis that  [...] , however, is controversial. 

   

   

  The perm and our alternative are incompatible: they act on behalf of a people, tied to an identity based on nation-states, which is part and parcel of modern sovereignty. We resist such distinctions and act on behalf of the multitude, which cannot be represented by any traditional category of identity.

   

  Michael Hardt, Associate Professor of Literature and Romance Studies at Duke University, and Antonio Negri, independent researcher and writer and an inmate at Rebibbia Prison, former Lecturer in Political Science at the University of Paris and a Professor of Political Science at the University of Padua, 2000, Empire, p. 101-103

   

  Between the end of the eighteenth  [...] make the multitude into a people.
  
  

  A single site of resistance can have explosive revolutionary potential within Empire – old rules of revolution no longer apply and specific struggles can directly access the heart of Imperial power.

   

  Michael Hardt, Associate Professor of Literature and Romance Studies at Duke University, and Antonio Negri, independent researcher and writer and an inmate at Rebibbia Prison, former Lecturer in Political Science at the University of Paris and a Professor of Political Science at the University of Padua, 2000, Empire, p. 57-59

   

  Marx tried to understand the continuity  [...] counterpower that emerges from within Empire.

   

   

   

  Our alternative mixes a critical deconstructive approach with constructive action to create new subjectivities and alternatives to Empire

   

  Michael Hardt, Associate Professor of Literature and Romance Studies at Duke University, and Antonio Negri, independent researcher and writer and an inmate at Rebibbia Prison, former Lecturer in Political Science at the University of Paris and a Professor of Political Science at the University of Padua, 2000, Empire, p. 47

   

  We cannot be satisfied, however [...] a new constituent power.[6]

  
  
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Jobs Bill PTX

• Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• Payroll tax cut extension will pass – democratic push

  Sam Stein, Huffington Post, 11/10/11, “On Payroll Tax Cut, Obama Administration Plotting Year-End Showdown”, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/11/10/payroll-tax-cut-obama-administration-year-end-showdown_n_1086761.html, umn-rks

   

  WASHINGTON -- Top officials in the  [...] economy," said one administration official.

   

  Plan is contentious—economic, budget concerns, engagement fatigue

  Uri Dudash, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and Michele Dunne, Director, Rafik Hariri Center for the Middle East, Atlantic Council, "American and European Responses to the Arab Spring: What's the Big Idea?" WASHINGTON QUARTERLY, Autumn 2011, http://www.twq.com/11autumn/docs/11autumn_Dadush_Dunne.pdf

   

  U.S. and European  [...] Cairo for the foreseeable future.’’1

   

  Capital key, key to economy

  PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER, “Don’t Expect Miracles on Job Growth,” 9—8—11, http://articles.philly.com/2011-09-08/news/30130709_1_jobs-plan-american-economy-rare-tax

   

  The fundamental problem in the American  [...] major effort to privatize Social Security.

   

  Avoids double dip, Obama pushing

  Lisa Mascaro and Christi Parsons, “Senate Blocks Obama Jobs Plan,” LOS ANGELES TIMES, 10—12—

  11, LN.

   

  Sen. Charles E. Schumer  [...] first provision to come before Congress.

   

  Nuclear war – turns every impact

  Harris and Burrows 9 Mathew, PhD European History @ Cambridge, counselor in the National Intelligence Council (NIC) and Jennifer is a member of the NIC’s Long Range Analysis Unit “Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis” http://www.ciaonet.org/journals/twq/v32i2/f_0016178_13952.pdf Increased Potential for Global Conflict

   

  Of course, the report encompasses  [...] dog-eat-dog world.

  
  
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