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MoState Green-Hart Aff

Last modified by Administrator on 2012/10/17 15:49
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  • 1AR cards for Uni

    • Tournament: | Round: 1,4,6 | Opponent: | Judge:

    • 1AR Nuke War

      Nuclear war won’t cause extinction, even if they win it will escalate.

      Martin, 1982 (Brian, Professor of Social Sciences in the School of Social Sciences, Media and Communication at the University of Wollongong, Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 287-300 http://www.uow.edu.au/arts/sts/bmartin/pubs/82jpr.html)

      To summarise the above points,         

      AND

      the total, though this is most uncertain.

      Such an eventuality would be a catastrophe of

      AND

      such as Portugal, Ireland and British Columbia.

      Many people, perhaps especially in the peace

      AND

      on earth, is highly misleading.[14]

      In the absence of any positive evidence,

      AND

      in nuclear extinction are quite sincere.[15]

       

       

      Nuclear winter has been proven incorrect by physicists and empirical events.

      Nyquist, 1999.

      (Nyquist, Jeffrey R. Contributing Editor

      AND

      TICLE_ID=19722. Shayan Makani.)

      I patiently reply to these correspondents that nuclear

      AND

      quite despair of setting the public record straight.”

      Professor Michael McElroy, a Harvard physics professor

      AND

      Nuclear Explosions” (Science, December 1983).

      (Continued…)

      In truth, natural disasters have frequently produced

      AND

      freeze. Life on earth was not extinguished.

      Consider the views of Professor George Rathjens of

      AND

      that the nuclear winter hypothesis has been discredited.

      Two researchers, Starley Thompson and Stephen Schneider

      AND

      relegated to a vanishingly low level of probability.”

       

      No talks of KORUS coming to the table

      Arirang, 08.30.11, US Think Tank Warns 'Failure or Delay' in KORUS FTA Threatens Bilateral Ties, http://www.arirang.co.kr/News/News_View.asp?nseq=119778&code=Ne2&category=2

      Congress will return from its month-long

      AND

      Affairs, Unification and Trade Committe meeting on Wednesday

      Won’t pass—Sequencing

      Steinhauer 8/25 (Jennifer Steinhauer,

      AND

      /news/latest-news/18352)

      Even with almost zero common ground between them

      AND

      bills are still sitting on the president's desk."

      Won’t pass—Impasse

      Steinhauer 8/25 (Jennifer Steinhauer,

      AND

      /news/latest-news/18352)

      That Congressional Republicans and the president cannot even

      AND

      ," Mr. Hatch said at the time.

      Winners win—legislative success builds political capital.

      Green, 2010 (David Michael Green, professor of political science at Hofstra University, “The Do-Nothing 44th President” June 11, google)

      Moreover, there is a continuously evolving and

      AND

      Thomas, this is precisely what they did.

       




09/05/11
  • Egypt IMET Aff

    • Tournament: UNI | Round: 1 | Opponent: | Judge:


    • Transition Advantage 1AC

      Military perceived as strong-arming the public – ensures distrust now
      Daniel Brumberg is a special adviser for the U.S. Institute of Peace's Muslim World Initiative, where he focuses on democratization and political reform in the Middle East and wider Islamic world July 13,2011 The Atlantic “The Path to Democracy in Egypt” http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/07/the-path-to-democracy-in-egypt/241712/1/
      Much like the frustrated drivers at that intersection
      AND
      these existing forces a share of electoral power.

      This ensures Al Qaeda takeover – US key to prevent
      Kenneth M. Pollack is director of the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution Feb 9, 2011 Wall Street Journal “Could al Qaeda Hijack Egypt's Revolution?” google
      The uprising in Egypt is far from over
      AND
      democracy from being hijacked by something much worse.
      Maintaining a peaceful transition key to discredit them
      Dr Sayed Khatab is a Senior Research Fellow at the School of Political and Social Inquiry and Global Terrorism Research Centre, Monash University, Australia. He is a Co-Editor of the peer referred International Journal of Humanity & Islam Presented to The 24th Annual Conference of the International Association for Conflict Management July 3-6, 2011, Istanbul, Turkey “Egyptian Revolution and its Impact on the Stability in the Middle East”
      The Revolution in Egypt put radicalism and al
      AND
      change i.e. violent Jihad.16
      Unstable transition wrecks the Egyptian economy
      Egypt News 12 July 2011 “Continued strikes threaten Egypt” http://news.egypt.com/english/permalink/20376.html
      Continued strikes in Cairo's Tahrir Square and other
      AND
      consequently many of Egypt s other economic sectors.

      Global economy is fragile- new instability in Egypt would collapse it
      Michael Schuman writes about Asia and global economic issues as a correspondent for TIME February 2, 2011 Time Magazine Does the turmoil in Egypt threaten the global recovery?" http://curiouscapitalist.blogs.time.com/2011/02/02/does-the-turmoil-in-egypt-threaten-the-global-recovery/#ixzz1TT6k4O6d
      At first glance, the upheaval on the
      AND
      prove to be just such an unwelcome surprise.

      Global economic crisis causes war-strong statistical support
      Royal 10 – Jedediah Royal, Director of
      AND
      Goldsmith and Brauer, p. 213-214
      Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline
      AND
      to an increase in the use of force.  

      These conflicts escalate
      Mathew J. Burrows (counselor in the
      AND
      09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf
      Of course, the report encompasses more than
      AND
      a more dog-eat-dog world. 

      Multiple nuclear wars
      Michael Panzner (Faculty Member at the New
      AND
      from Economic Collapse, p. 137-138
      Rising angst will also wreak havoc with links
      AND
      as the beginnings of a new world war.

      US civil military aid is key to the transition- have to ensure future generals are accustomed to democratic norms
      William Fisher managed economic development programs for the U.S. State Department and the U.S. Agency for International Development in the Middle East Aug 12th, 2011 The Public Record “Egypt: The Education Of The Generals” http://pubrecord.org/world/9614/egypt-education-generals/
      While the leaders of Egypt’s revolution argue with
      AND
      the toughest short-term problem Egypt faces.

      Expanding E-IMET key to advancing CMR
      Scott A. Smitson Department of Political Science, Indiana University Bloomington Paper Prepared for Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis Mini-Conference, Spring 2008 “BUILDING ARMIES FOR THE PEOPLE, NOT AGAINST THE PEOPLE: MILITARY INSTITUTION BUILDING IN DEVELOPING AND POSTCONFLICT STATES” http://www.indiana.edu/~workshop/seminars/papers/smitson_mcpaper08.pdf
      Without a doubt, the Special Forces,
      AND
      , to receive civil-military affairs training.

      They will say yes- the US has unique leverage
      Howard Schneider and Greg Jaffe Washington Post Staff Writers January 30, 2011 “A test of Egypt's military and its relations with U.S.” Washington Post http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/29/AR2011012904546.html?sid=ST2011013000187
      The arrival of tanks and troops in Cairo's
      AND
      the Egyptian middle and upper-middle class.
      Middle East Regional Heg Advantage 1AC

      US credibility in the Middle East is waning- comparatively the most important region
      Amitai Etzioni professor of international relations at George Washington University March-April 2011 Military Review “The Coming Test of U.S. Credibility” http://icps.gwu.edu/files/2011/03/credibility.pdf
      As I will show shortly, in recent
      AND
      , they question U.S. credibility.

      IMET key to US Middle East presence- prevents prolif
      Brian Burton, Bacevich fellow at the Center for a New American Security, Washington 28 March 2011 “Refocus Mideast Presence” Defense News http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=6072558&c=FEA&s=COM
      Still, the key U.S.
      AND
      the mostly peaceful unraveling of the Mubarak regime.

      Prolif makes miscalculation likely. Cold War deterrence model is not applicable
      Cimbala 08 – Professor of Political Science @ Pennsylvania State University - Brandywine [Stephen J. Cimbala, “Anticipatory Attacks: Nuclear Crisis Stability in Future Asia,” Comparative Strategy, Volume 27, Issue 2 March 2008, pages 113 – 132Informaworld]
      The spread of nuclear weapons in Asia presents
      AND
      the avoidance of war outside of Europe.19
      Egypt key to US Middle East power projection
      Steven Cook Senior fellow for Middle Eastern studies at the council on foreign relations and an expert on Arab and Turkish politics as well as U.S.-Middle East policy August 2009 “Political Instability in Egypt” Council on Foreign Relations CONTINGENCY P LANN ING MEMORANDUM NO. 4
      Egypt is a difficult yet critical U.
      AND
      seeks to achieve its goals in the region.
      That’s key to prevent regional conflicts from escalating- Iran proliferates and multiple other hotpots would escalate
      Robert Kagan is a contributing editor to The Weekly Standard and a senior fellow in foreign policy at the Brookings Institution.  JAN 24, 2011, VOL. 16, NO. 18  The Weekly Standard “The Price of Power” http://www.weeklystandard.com/articles/price-power_533696.html?nopager=1
      Today the international situation is also one of
      AND
      table and the table will not fall over.
      Iran Prolif is the most likely scenario for global nuclear war
      Kam 2007 (Ephraim Kam, A Nuclear Iran, Deputy Head, Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, http://www.tau.ac.il/jcss/memoranda/memo88.pdf)
      The serious consequences for Israel of Iran's possession
      AND
      of reducing   the risk do not yet exist.
      Nuclear Iran creates unstable multipolar deterrence relationship- lack of communication means escalation is likely
      Gerald M. Steinberg (Fellow of the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, is Director of the Program on Conflict Management and Negotiation at Bar-Ilan University) April 2005 “Deterrence Instability: Hizballah's Fuse to Iran's Bomb” Jerusalem Viewpoints
      Historically, in response to other threats to
      AND
      this relationship will be highly dangerous and unstable.

      Spirals out of control – causes CBW use
      James A. Russell (managing editor of Strategic Insights, senior lecturer in the Department of National Security Affairs at NPS, From 1988-2001 held a variety of positions in the Office of the Assistant Secretary Defense for International Security Affairs, Near East South Asia, Department of Defense) Spring 2009 “Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Escalation and Nuclear War in the Middle East” http://www.analyst-network.com/articles/141/StrategicStabilityReconsideredProspectsforEscalationandNuclearWarintheMiddleEast.pdf
      Strategic stability in the region is thus undermined
      AND
      , with substantial risk for the entire world.

      Bioweapons are extinction- more probable than nuke war
      Richard Ochs: 7-9-02,  has published articles in the Baltimore Sun, Baltimore Chronicle, Science magazine, past president of the Aberdeen Proving Ground Superfund Citizens Coalition, member of the Depleted Uranium Task force of the Military Toxics Project and a member of the Chemical Weapons Working Group, “Biological Weapons must be abolished immediately,” http://www.freefromterror.net/other_articles/abolish.html  
      Of all the weapons of mass destruction,
      AND
      such plagues? HUMAN EXTINCTION IS NOW POSSIBLE.

      Current aid reprogramming non-uniques all DA’s without plan specific link evidence
      Trofimov 2011 (Yaroslav Trofimov, “Egypt Opposes U.S.'s Democracy Funding,” June 14, 2011, WSJ, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304665904576383123301579668.html)

      -A U.S. plan to
      AND
      against the future of Egypt," he said.

      Plan
      The United States Federal Government should offer a substantial increase in the democracy assistance portions of Expanded- International Military Education and Training programs to Egypt.



  • 2AC cards round 1

    • Tournament: UNI | Round: 1 | Opponent: Northwestern FS | Judge: Daniel Stout

    • T Democracy Assistance

      E-IMET’s goal is democracy assistance

      Carothers, 1999 (Thomas Carothers, Carnegie 

      AND 

      p. 52-53, google books)

      The Department of Defense increasingly emphasizes promotion in 

      AND 

      , as an important part of its program.

      Democracy assistance is divided into four categories: CMR falls under governance.

      McMahon, 2002 (Director, Center on 

      AND 

      /pdf_docs/PCAAB068.pdf)

      U.S. Democracy Assistance Donor agencies 

      AND 

      a result of U.S. assistance.

      The core of security-focused democracy assistance is the AFF.

      Mitchell and Phillips, 2008 (Lincoln A

      AND 

      .pdf, p.14-15)

      Reform the Security Sector Organs of the security 

      AND 

      . the International Military Assistance and Training Program).

      Recommendations:

      – Create standards drawing upon the Code of 

      AND 

      Switzerland’s “Democratic Control of the Armed Forces”).

      – Offer instruction at staff colleges on “

      AND 

      the security services to the democratically elected government.

      – Guard against abuses by providing human rights 

      AND 

      legitimate law enforcement activities and human rights offenses.

      – Provide instruction on the norms that govern arrest, detention, and the use of force.

      – Pay adequate salaries and benefits to security personnel to discourage plunder and corruption.

      – Emphasize prevention through community-based policing 

      AND 

      areas where they have family or communal affiliations.

      – Mainstream security sector reform into an overall 

      AND 

      uses both civilian and military agencies for implementation.

      – Enhance the role of civilians in military affairs, including legislative oversight of military budgets and operations.

      Orientalism 2AC (Long)

      evidence is not based on flawed studies – their indictment of our epistemology glosses over academic specificity.

      Martin Kramer, fellow @ washington institute for 

      AND 

      middle eastern studies in american" 2001. online

      Said offered no evidence, no documents, 

      AND 

      of Eastern peoples of which Said complains."38

      Orientalism 2AC (Long)

      Orientalism is inevitable and their kritik is an oversimplification.  Continuing accusations of orientalism suffocates academic research and allows the most violent forms of orientalist violence to manifest themselves

      Joshua Teitelbaum is Senior Fellow, Moshe Dayan 

      AND 

      EDWARD SAID: TAKING STOCK OF ORIENTALISM” online

      The argument that the Occident (or actually 

      AND 

      fearful of developing an opinion of their own.

       

      Orientalism 2AC (Long)

      There is no connection between orientalist discourse and actual violence – their arguments mistake causation and correlation.

      Andrew J. Rotter, prof @ colgate

      AND 

      (4) 2000 p. 1208-10

      A third and yet more troubling problem for 

      AND 

      with Moby Dick is less clear.8  9 

      Orientalist critiques make it impossible for either the West or the East to fully understand one another – replicating the same violence

      Charles Paul Freund (Reason magazine) December 

      AND 

      of_the_orientalist_critique.htm

      For example, the curator for a recent 

      AND 

      views of Europe’s imperial Orientalists at their worst.

       

      Orientalism 2AC (Long)

      The alternative leads crushes political dialogue, destroying and semblance of understanding the East in any productive fashion – The alt leads to comparatively more suffering

      Charles Paul Freund (Reason magazine) December 

      AND 

      of_the_orientalist_critique.htm

      But that’s supposing one can subtract the consumer 

      AND 

      this crisis is at least open to question.

      Orientalist critiques obscurity prevents infusion into the public sphere – its all unread academia

      Charles Paul Freund (Reason magazine) December 

      AND 

      of_the_orientalist_critique.htm

      On the other hand, the practitioners of 

      AND 

      appears increasingly ossified, if not something worse.  

      A2: Turkey

      Perm Do Both

      Turkey can’t solve without the US

      International Crisis Group 2010 (“TURKEY AND THE 

      AND 

      -%20Ambitions%20and%20Constraints.ashx)

      Turkey is launching initiative after ambitious initiative aimed 

      AND 

      and healing the divisions of the Middle East.  

      US engagement is key to rising democracies’ democracy promotion

      Carothers and Youngs 2011 (Thomas Carothers, 

      AND 

      -of-rising-powers/3n8l)

      Ask foreign ministry officials in rising democracies whether 

      AND 

      other low-key measures to support democracy.

      Turkey fails—Multiple reasons

      CSM 2011 (Christian Science Monitor Editorial, 

      AND 

      -case-for-democratic-Turkey)

      The reasons for Turkey’s limited success are multiple

      AND 

      the way, has called for Assad’s ouster.

      Turkey fails—No comprehensive strategy for Arab Spring

      Cook 2011 (Steven Cook, May 5

      AND 

      _fall?page=0,0)

      The Arab uprisings seemed tailor-made for 

      AND 

      downright clumsy in dealing with the Arab upheavals.

      More Perm Cards skip might read at end

      US engagement is key to rising democracies’ democracy promotion

      Carothers and Youngs 2011 (Thomas Carothers, 

      AND 

      -of-rising-powers/3n8l)

      Ask foreign ministry officials in rising democracies whether 

      AND 

      other low-key measures to support democracy.

      Taking the west’s lead is key to credibility

      International Crisis Group 2010 (“TURKEY AND THE 

      AND 

      -%20Ambitions%20and%20Constraints.ashx)

      But, beyond giving voice to frustrations, 

      AND 

      interest in Turkey as a democratic example. 208

      US/Turkey solves

      Sofer and Evans 2011 (Ken Sofer, 

      AND 

      /turkey_foreign_policy.html)

      Still, despite its limitations, Turkey’s adaptive 

      AND 

      strengths, and limitations in a changing region.

      2AC Politics 

      No war

      Takashi Yokota, pub. date: 1

      AND 

        

      The question, then, is whether North 

      AND 

      issues to deal with on the Korean Peninsula.

      Won’t pass -TAA

      Michael Needham (Chief Executive Officer of Heritage 

      AND 

      -obama-holds-ftas-hostage/

      Experts in the art of negotiation will tell 

      AND 

      , says a lot about the president’s priorities. 

      Job Retraining

      Roy Lee  June 11, 2011 in Uncategorized 

      AND 

      Was it all just a waste of time?

      After years of delay, it appeared the 

      AND 

      before it will send the FTAs to Congress.

      South Korea

      Bernama.com, June 13 2011 Ruling party to introduce South korea-US Free Trade Agreement Before Parliament in June http://www.bernama.com/bernama/v5/newsindex.php?id=593602

      The ruling Grand National Party (GNP) 

      AND 

      is the DPs leader on the parliamentary committee.  

      Obama not spending capital.

      Hadar, 3/15 (Leon Hadar, Washington Correspondent, The Business Times Singapore, “Will Obama trade agenda fizzle out?; The formula that seemed to be a sure win following the 1994 midterm election may not work this time around” 2011, lexis)

      Mr Baucus announced that he would support the 

      AND 

      he runs for re-election next year.

      Winners win.

      Singer, 2009 (Jonathan Singer, JD candidate at Berkeley and editor of MyDD, April 3, 2009, google)

      Peter Hart gets at a key point. 

      AND 

      energy reform to ending the war in Iraq.

      Capital is resilient—lame duck session and personal approval ratings prove.

      Mason, 1-4 (Julie Mason, White House correspondent, Washington Examiner, “Obama tapping personal charm, political capital to combat GOP” 2011, google)

      After a string of late-session victories 

      AND 

      ratings would suggest or political opponents might expect.

      Political capital theory is bankrupt

      Dickinson, 2009 (Matthew Dickinson, professor 

      AND 

      Obama and Presidential Power” May, google)

      What is of more interest to me, 

      AND 

      the decision to present Sotomayor as his nominee. 




  • 2AC cards round 4 uni

    • Tournament: UNI | Round: 4 | Opponent: Indiana FT | Judge: Darrien Elliot

    • T Democracy Assistance

      E-IMET’s goal is democracy assistance

      Carothers, 1999 (Thomas Carothers, Carnegie

      AND

      p. 52-53, google books)

      The Department of Defense increasingly emphasizes promotion in

      AND

      , as an important part of its program.

       

      Democracy assistance is divided into four categories: CMR falls under governance.

      McMahon, 2002 (Director, Center on

      AND

      /pdf_docs/PCAAB068.pdf)

      U.S. Democracy Assistance Donor agencies

      AND

      a result of U.S. assistance.

       

       

      The core of security-focused democracy assistance is the AFF.

      Mitchell and Phillips, 2008 (Lincoln A

      AND

      .pdf, p.14-15)

      Reform the Security Sector Organs of the security

      AND

      . the International Military Assistance and Training Program).

      Recommendations:

      – Create standards drawing upon the Code of

      AND

      Switzerland’s “Democratic Control of the Armed Forces”).

      – Offer instruction at staff colleges on “

      AND

      the security services to the democratically elected government.

      – Guard against abuses by providing human rights

      AND

      legitimate law enforcement activities and human rights offenses.

      – Provide instruction on the norms that govern arrest, detention, and the use of force.

      – Pay adequate salaries and benefits to security personnel to discourage plunder and corruption.

      – Emphasize prevention through community-based policing

      AND

      areas where they have family or communal affiliations.

      – Mainstream security sector reform into an overall

      AND

      uses both civilian and military agencies for implementation.

      – Enhance the role of civilians in military affairs, including legislative oversight of military budgets and operations.

       

       

      Trans

      Transition is inevitable

      No impact on camp david accord

      Plan is single action doesn’t lead to other stuff

       

      Heg globaly might be bad, but Regional is bad

       

       

       

      Their Inherency cards only talk about IMET, which is different from Eimet which is about how

       

      They will say yes- reverence for the US military

      Mark Thompson Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter covered national security in Washington since 1979 February 1, 2011 TIME “Sharing Democracy With the Egyptian Military” http://battleland.blogs.time.com/2011/02/01/sharing-democracy-with-the-egyptian-military/

      "This new generation of Egyptian officers has

      AND

      exposure to the U.S. military."

       

      They would perceive the training as a condition for the rest of their aid

      Mark Thompson Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter covered national security in Washington since 1979 February 1, 2011 TIME “Sharing Democracy With the Egyptian Military” http://battleland.blogs.time.com/2011/02/01/sharing-democracy-with-the-egyptian-military/

      "Egypt, more so than anyone else

      AND

      is how much has this American socialization taken?"

       

       

      American hegemony solves WMD war.

      Zbigniew Brzezinski (Counselor at the Center for

      AND

      : Global Domination or Global Leadership” p xi

      This book is thus partially predictive and partially

      AND

      is between dominating the world and leading it.

       

      EU CP

       

      US key affect Egypt military- unique leverage

      James Kitfield has written on defense, national security and foreign policy issues from Washington, D.C. for over two decades 2/12/2011 The National Interest “Ghosts of the 'Arab Spring' “ EBSCO

      "Arab regimes tend to politicize their militaries

      AND

      that may prove critical in times of crisis.

       

      US educational model best

      Thomas C. Bruneau et al Professor in the Department of National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School Kathleen Peggar the Global Center for Security Cooperation (GCSC) EUCOM Liaison Officer Elisabeth Wright program manager for the International Defense Acquisition Resource Management program in the School of International Graduate Studies, Naval Postgraduate School 2007-2008 Center for Civil – Military Relations Naval Postgraduate School “IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION (IMET) ON GRADUATE EDUCATION”

      IMET exposes participants to US teaching methodology which emphasizes analysis and

      problem-solving. Participants adopt US teaching

      AND

      are selected to attend the most important meetings.

       

      E-IMET key to naval interoperability- key to naval power

      Stephen W. Walsh is a naval analyst at the Center for Security Strategy and Operations Seapower Archives 2002 “The Interoperability Issue” http://www.navyleague.org/seapower/interoperability_issue.htm

      Faster, smaller, smarter, and stealthier

      AND

      many issues resulting from the incompatibility of equipment.

       

      Solves major power war—biggest impact.

      Conway et al, 2007 (James T., General, U.S. Marine Corps, Gary Roughead, Admiral, U.S. Navy, Thad W. Allen, Admiral, U.S. Coast Guard, "A Cooperative Strategy for 21st Century Seapower," October, google)

      Deter major power war. No other disruption

      AND

      control and power projection enable extended campaigns ashore.

       

      Neoliberalism Solves Poverty

       

      Neoliberalism solves poverty

      Doug Bandow (senior fellow at the CATO Institute) March 25th, 2001 “Globalization Serves the World's Poor” http://www.cato.org/dailys/04-25-01.html

      Indeed, the problems of globalization must always

      AND

      market reforms. With them comes increased wealth.

       

      Neoliberalism Solves Extinction

       

       

      Neoliberal democracy solves extinction

      Henry Teune, Political Science Department at the University of Pennsylvania, May, 2002 “Global Democracy”, The Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science, 581 Annals 22, Lexis

      During the past three decades, social scientists

      AND

      century's end, following the spread of democracy. 

       

      Neoliberalism Solves War

      Neoliberalism solves war – interdependence

      Daniel T. Griswold (director of the Center for Trade Policy Studies at the Cato Institute) 2006 CATO Institute, “Peace on earth? Try free trade among men” http://www.freetrade.org/node/282

      First, trade and globalization have reinforced the

      AND

      away what they can produce best at home.

       

       

      Subaltern Studies Bad – Reinforces Oppression

      Having the judge take the position of the subaltern ensures a form of speaking for others that reifies subjugation and colonial oppression

      Ilan Kapoor (in the Faculty of Environmental Studies, York University) 2004 “Hyper-self-reflexive development? Spivak on representing the Third World ‘Other’” Third World Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 4 http://www.seedwiki.com/accounts/Andreotti_Vanessa_14720/selreflexive.pdf

      Thus, for Spivak, it is dangerous

      AND

      speak and be heard’ (1991: 26).

       

      Subaltern Studies Bad - Monolithic

       

      The subaltern is not a monolithic entity to examine – the alternatives methodology is just another form of silencing the subaltern

      Ilan Kapoor (in the Faculty of Environmental Studies, York University) 2004 “Hyper-self-reflexive development? Spivak on representing the Third World ‘Other’” Third World Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 4 http://www.seedwiki.com/accounts/Andreotti_Vanessa_14720/selreflexive.pdf

      Thus, both Escobar and Shiva fail to

      AND

      , another form of silencing of the subaltern.

      Colonialism Key to Hegemony

      Colonial scholarship is key to US hegemony

      Rachel Bailey Jones 7 (JONES, RACHEL

      AND

      the Creation of Postcolonial Pedagogy. (2007)

      American global power has been built since World

      AND

      of Islam and women, see Chapter 7).

      2AC Politics

       

      No war

      Takashi Yokota, pub. date: 1

      AND

       

      The question, then, is whether North

      AND

      issues to deal with on the Korean Peninsula.

      .

       

      KORUS won’t pass it’s a chicken or egg question and this assumes it being at the top of the agenda

      Ana Carolina Lessa, Staff Writer, August 29, 2011, Left Behind on Trade, International Affairs Review, http://www.iar-gwu.org/node/342

      After Congress returns from its August recess,

      AND

      is blaming the other for stalling the agreements.

       

       

      Won’t pass—republicans

      Kent Klein, White House Correspondent, 09.01.11, Stakes are High as Obama Prepares Economic Plan, Voice of America, http://www.voanews.com/english/news/usa/Stakes-Are-High-as-Obama-Prepares-Economic-Plan-128933198.html

      In addition, Obama is expected to continue

      AND

      has done, not more of the same.”

       

      No talks of KORUS coming to the table

      Arirang, 08.30.11, US Think Tank Warns 'Failure or Delay' in KORUS FTA Threatens Bilateral Ties, http://www.arirang.co.kr/News/News_View.asp?nseq=119778&code=Ne2&category=2

      Congress will return from its month-long

      AND

      Affairs, Unification and Trade Committe meeting on Wednesday

      Won’t pass—Sequencing

      Steinhauer 8/25 (Jennifer Steinhauer,

      AND

      /news/latest-news/18352)

      Even with almost zero common ground between them

      AND

      bills are still sitting on the president's desk."

       

      Winners win.

      Singer, 2009 (Jonathan Singer, JD candidate at Berkeley and editor of MyDD, April 3, 2009, google)

      Peter Hart gets at a key point.

      AND

      energy reform to ending the war in Iraq.

       




  • 2AC cards round 6 uni

    • Tournament: UNI | Round: 6 | Opponent: UMKC MN | Judge:

    • T Democracy Assistance

       

      We meet plan text says democracy assistance portions of E-IMET-

      E-IMET’s goal is democracy assistance

      Carothers, 1999 (Thomas Carothers, Carnegie

      AND

      p. 52-53, google books)

      The Department of Defense increasingly emphasizes promotion in

      AND

      , as an important part of its program.

       

      Democracy assistance is divided into four categories: CMR falls under governance.

      McMahon, 2002 (Director, Center on

      AND

      /pdf_docs/PCAAB068.pdf)

      U.S. Democracy Assistance Donor agencies

      AND

      a result of U.S. assistance.

       

      The core of security-focused democracy assistance is the AFF.

      Mitchell and Phillips, 2008 (Lincoln A

      AND

      .pdf, p.14-15)

      Reform the Security Sector Organs of the security

      AND

      . the International Military Assistance and Training Program).

      Recommendations:

      – Create standards drawing upon the Code of

      AND

      Switzerland’s “Democratic Control of the Armed Forces”).

      – Offer instruction at staff colleges on “

      AND

      the security services to the democratically elected government.

      – Guard against abuses by providing human rights

      AND

      legitimate law enforcement activities and human rights offenses.

      – Provide instruction on the norms that govern arrest, detention, and the use of force.

      – Pay adequate salaries and benefits to security personnel to discourage plunder and corruption.

      – Emphasize prevention through community-based policing

      AND

      areas where they have family or communal affiliations.

      – Mainstream security sector reform into an overall

      AND

      uses both civilian and military agencies for implementation.

      – Enhance the role of civilians in military affairs, including legislative oversight of military budgets and operations.

       

      Heg

       

      U.S. hegemony is not doomed – a more constructive international approach would maintain enough allies to support continued leadership – total lack of a replacement works to America’s advantage***

      Zbigniew Brzezinski (formerly President Carter’s National Security

      AND

      2007 “Second Chance” p 191-2

      Certainly. In large measure that is so

      AND

      still like to see at the global helm.

      Latent power ensures U.S. hegemony can withstand any challenge – estimates of American power don’t take hidden safeguards into account.

      William Wohlforth (Professor of Government at Dartmouth

      AND

      XXIX, No. 1 p 47-8

      U.S. military forces are stretched

      AND

      and tap potentially large wellsprings of latent power.

       

      EU CP

       

      US key affect Egypt military- unique leverage

      James Kitfield has written on defense, national security and foreign policy issues from Washington, D.C. for over two decades 2/12/2011 The National Interest “Ghosts of the 'Arab Spring' “ EBSCO

      "Arab regimes tend to politicize their militaries

      AND

      that may prove critical in times of crisis.

       

      US educational model best

      Thomas C. Bruneau et al Professor in the Department of National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School Kathleen Peggar the Global Center for Security Cooperation (GCSC) EUCOM Liaison Officer Elisabeth Wright program manager for the International Defense Acquisition Resource Management program in the School of International Graduate Studies, Naval Postgraduate School 2007-2008 Center for Civil – Military Relations Naval Postgraduate School “IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION (IMET) ON GRADUATE EDUCATION”

      IMET exposes participants to US teaching methodology which emphasizes analysis and

      problem-solving. Participants adopt US teaching

      AND

      are selected to attend the most important meetings.

       

      EU soft power fails

      Bruce Thornton, pub. date: 3-7-2011, is a National Fellow at the Hoover Institution and the author of Decline and Fall: Europe’s Slow-Motion Suicide, from which this essay is adapted, his new book is The Wages of Appeasement: Ancient Greece, Munich, and Obama’s America, The Heritage Foundation, “America the Delusional? Overcoming Our European Temptation,” http://www.heritage.org/Research/Reports/2011/03/America-the-Delusional-Overcoming-Our-European-Temptation

      Once a colossus dominating the globe, Europe

      AND

      Europe, America must become less like America.

      EU soft power impossible – energy motivations

      C. Akca Atac (Faculty Member, Political Science and International Relations at Cankaya Univeristy) June 2008 “Another Soft Power Dilemma: The European Union's Central Asia Strategy” http://www.eurasiacritic.com/articles/another-soft-power-dilemma-european-unions-central-asia-strategy

      All in all, the EU has not

      AND

      the EU at risk. The dilemma persists.

       

       

       

      2AC Politics

       

      No war

      Takashi Yokota, pub. date: 1

      AND

       

      The question, then, is whether North

      AND

      issues to deal with on the Korean Peninsula.

      .

       

      KORUS won’t pass it’s a chicken or egg question and this assumes it being at the top of the agenda

      Ana Carolina Lessa, Staff Writer, August 29, 2011, Left Behind on Trade, International Affairs Review, http://www.iar-gwu.org/node/342

      After Congress returns from its August recess,

      AND

      is blaming the other for stalling the agreements.

       

       

      Won’t pass—Sequencing

      Steinhauer 8/25 (Jennifer Steinhauer,

      AND

      /news/latest-news/18352)

      Even with almost zero common ground between them

      AND

      bills are still sitting on the president's desk."

       

      Winners win.

      Singer, 2009 (Jonathan Singer, JD candidate at Berkeley and editor of MyDD, April 3, 2009, google)

      Peter Hart gets at a key point.

      AND

      energy reform to ending the war in Iraq.

      Ecofeminism/Shiva 2AC (Short)

       

       

      Shiva has no idea what she’s talking about and fabricates facts specifically about agricultural subsidies – the alternative fails and dooms millions of poor farmers to death

      Thomas R., DeGregori (professor of Economics

      AND

      plantscience/ResBot/Phil/shiva.htm

      Contradictions and mistakes are all too prevalent in

      AND

      program for change (Nanda 1991, 39).

       

       

      The impacts in the 1AC have their most detrimental effect on women

      Christina Nelson 2001 [latest citation] “

      AND

      phil/gradconf/file/Nelson.pdf

      Many ecologically damaging issues have more detrimental effects

      AND

      food, medicine, and education when necessary.


      Ecofeminism/Shiva 2AC (Short)

       

      Ecofeminist alternative empirically fail to achieve real political change

      Terry Leahy (University of Newcastle) October

      AND

      8000/gifteconomy//content/ecofemintlong.html

      More seriously still, the support for ecofeminism

      AND

      stop Reagan doing better than Carter amongst women voters

       

      The label of feminism glosses over all other forms of oppression and isolating women as an identifiable category makes their degradation easier and inevitable

      Katharine Bartlett (professor of Law at Duke

      AND

      Legal Methods” Harvard Law Review p. Lexis

      Second, use of the label "feminist

      AND

      a group that thereby becomes more easily degraded.

       

      Containment Good-Moderate Takeover

       

      Containment leads to moderate takeover in Iran

      Miller Parthemore & Campbell 8, Dr.

      AND

      20Assessing%20US%20Strategy_Sept08.pdf

      While not certain, it is very possible

      AND

      for long-term moderation of the regime.

       

      Otherwise war is inevitable.

      Layne, 7, Christopher Layne (Associate

      AND

      Empire: A Debate” p 76-7

      Iran Because of the strategy of primacy and

      AND

      question today is whether these assumptions are correct.

       

      The impact is extinction.

      Chossudovsky 5, Michel Chossudovsky, Professor of

      AND

      globalresearch.ca/articles/CHO505A.html

      The Bush Administration has embarked upon a military

      AND

      partners as well as within the European Union.

       




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