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  • Egypt AFF-Democracy Advantage-1AC

    • Tournament: GSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Trinity BU | Judge: L. Hill

    • <p><br class="lineBreak"></p>


    • Plan: The United States federal government should fund and authorize the Civilian Response Corps to establish democratic policing in Egypt. 

      First stability-lack of policing has caused widespread insecurity and sectarian violence
      The Mideaster 8-5-2011
      (“A Climate of Fear and Instability in Egypt”, themideaster.com/2011/.../a-climate-of-fear-and-instability-in-egypt, DOA: 9-13-11, ldg)

      She is not the only one who feels that way. Many of my AND many police sought it unnecessary to carry bullets, is now arming itself at an alarming rate. 

      And sectarian violence risks full blown civil war.
      Hamza, The National Foreign Correspondent, 2011
      (Youssef, “Egypt's sectarian clashes threaten peace”, 5-15, http://www.thenational.ae/news/worldwide/africa/egypts-sectarian-clashes-threaten-peace?pageCount=0, ldg)

      It's become so bad, some AND  of their frustration as well as the growing potential for civil war, or at least wider strife. 

      Stability sustains processes that consolidate democracy.
      Hill, Director of the Office of Strategic Initiatives and Analysis, 2007
      (Richard, “Building Security Where There Is No Security”, Journal of Peacebuilding & Development, Vol. 3, NO. 2, http://www.chfhq.org/files/5339_file_Hill_Temin_Building_Security_Where_There_Is_No_Security.pdf, ldg)

      Life in many societies is AND  legitimacy is the use of public security mechanisms to meet the security needs of citizens. 

      Instability independently tanks the global economy-investors and oil shocks
      Okoronkwo, the Lawyers Chronicle, 2011
      (Ijeoma, “THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE EGYPTIAN POLITICAL CRISIS ON THE GLOBAL ECONOMY”, 5-20, http://www.thelawyerschronicle.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=119:14-management-a-control-of-oil-and-gas-&catid=36:international-affairs&Itemid=60, ldg)

      Although Egypt is not a major AND  expanding, albeit, at a slower pace in the near term. 

      Gulf supply shocks crush the global economy
      Art, Brandeis IR professor, 2008
      (Robert, “Selective Engagement After Bush”, June, online pdf, ldg)

      Preserving assured access to stable oil supplies AND  to the stable flow of Gulf oil, but Iran now aspires to be the regional hegemon in the Gulf. 

      Global economic crisis causes war-strong statistical support
      Royal, director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, 2010
      (Jedediah, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal, and Political Perspectives, pg 213-215, ldg)

      Less intuitive is how periods of economic AND here should be considered ancillary to those views. 

      They’ll go nuclear.
      Auslin and Lachman, scholar and fellow at American Enterprise Institute, 2009
      (Michael and Desmond, “The Global Economy Unravels”, 3-6, http://www.forbes.com/2009/03/06/global-economy-unravels-opinions-contributors-g20.html, ldg)

      The threat of instability is a pressing AND explosions that coalesce into a big bang.

      Democratic policing is key-massively boosts the effectiveness of police
      Bayley, Albany Criminal justice professor, 2006
      (David, Changing the Guard, pg 75-8, ldg)

      The converse proposition, however, that democratic AND, thereby rendering effective policing of those neighborhoods impossible. (1999).

      Second is regime legitimacy-police are the litmus test.
      Bayley, NYU criminal justice professor, 2001
      (David, “Democratizing the Police Abroad: What to Do and How to Do It”, June, http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/188742.pdf, ldg)

      Police are the most public AND its effects would be immediate. 

      Legitimacy is key to democratic consolidation
      Diamond et al., Hoover Institute Senior Fellow 2008
      (Larry, “Comparative Perspectives on Democratic Legitimacy in East Asia”, August, http://cuplive.ifactory.com/media/4000/chu-excerpt.pdf, ldg)

      Only in the 1990s with the surge of AND of an acceptable quality is being supplied. The citizens are the final arbiters of democracy’s legitimacy. 

      The plan spills over and sustains other processes key to democracy.
      Bayley, Albany Criminal justice professor, 2006
      (David, Changing the Guard, pg 17-8, ldg)

      The assumption behind the priority given to police AND democratic political life by maintaining the boundary conditions in which it takes place." 

      Success of Egyptian transition determines Mideast peace
      Harrison, Washington political science lecturer, 2011
      (Ewan, “Egypt and the world after Mubarak”, 3-2, http://www.stlbeacon.org/voices/in-the-news/108596-egypt-and-the-world-after-mubarak, ldg)

      The most tantalizing questions raised by AND This is a prize worth taking risks to achieve.

      Middle Eastern democracy solves war
      Takeyh, CFR senior fellow, 2011
      (Ray, “What Democracy Could Bring”, 2-4, http://www.usmep.us/usmep/2011/02/14/what-democracy-could-bring/, DOA: 8-27-11, ldg)

      The first such reward would be joining the AND an injection of democratic accountability can go a long way toward arresting impetuous impulses. 

      ME war goes nuclear
      Russell, Naval Postgraduate School National Security professor, 2009
      (James, "Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Nuclear War and Escalation in the Middle East", http://www.nps.edu/academics/sigs/ccc/people/biolinks/russell/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf, ldg)

      Strategic stability in the region is thus AND with substantial risk for the entire world.

      Democracy assistance solves transition wars and political stability
      Savun and Tirone, University of Pittsburg Political Science assistant professor, 11
      [Burcu, University of Pittsburg Political Science assistant professor, and Daniel, University of Pittsburgh political science Ph.D. Candidate, "Foreign Aid, Democratization, and Civil Conflict: How Does Democracy Aid Affect Civil Conflict?," American Journal of Political Science, Vol 55 Issue 2, p233-246, April 2011, Wiley Online Library, accessed 5-16-11, mss]

      It has been suggested that democratizing states are AND by discussing our key argument, findings, and projecting avenues for future research.



09/17/11

  • Egypt AFF-COIN Advantage-1AC

    • Tournament: GSU | Round: 2 | Opponent: Trinity BU | Judge: L. Hill

    • <p><br class="lineBreak"></p>


    • US involvement in future COIN operations is inevitable
      Corum, Oxford All Souls College visiting fellow, 2006
      (James, “TRAINING INDIGENOUS FORCES IN COUNTERINSURGENCY: A TALE OF TWO INSURGENCIES”, March, http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/ssi/corum_training_indigenous.pdf, ldg)

      These are very important questions AND doctrine for such missions.

      Plan creates standing police capacity at the federal level-that’s key to future COIN operations.
      Ladwig, Merton College IR PhD candidate, 2007
      (Walter, “Training Foreign Police: A Missing Aspect of U.S. Security Assistance to Counterinsurgency”, http://users.ox.ac.uk/~mert1769/Police%20and%20COIN.pdf, ldg)

      In prosecuting what has come to be known AND public when carrying out internal security duties. 

      Failed states are the biggest cause of terrorism-they sustain all necessary operations.
      Piazza, UNC political science professor, 2008
      (James, “Do Democracy and Free Markets Protect Us From Terrorism?”, International Politics, 2008, 45, (72–91), http://www.politicalscience.uncc.edu/jpiazza/Piazza%20Democracy%20Free%20Markets%20Terrorism.pdf, ldg)

      The fifth and final conclusion involves the AND All of these make failed states potential precipitants of terrorism. 

      Multiple ways they could acquire nukes
      Bunn, Harvard, public policy professor, 2010
      (Matthew, “Securing the Bomb 2010”, April, http://www.nti.org/e_research/Securing_The_Bomb_2010.pdf, ldg)

      Repeated assessments by the U.SAND or to interdict these as they cross national borders, is an extraordinarily difficult challenge. 20 

      Statements and attempts prove motivation.
      Bunn, Harvard, public policy professor, 2010
      (Matthew, “Securing the Bomb 2010”, April, http://www.nti.org/e_research/Securing_The_Bomb_2010.pdf, ldg)

      Complacency about the threat is perhaps the biggest AND more, there is no reason to expect that others will not do so in the future. 

      Nuclear terrorism causes US-China-Russia war, environmental collapse, and extinction
      Morgan, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 2009
      (Dennis, World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race Futures, Volume 41, Issue 10, December, ldg)

      In a remarkable website on nuclear war, Carol AND or reckless use of strategic weapons 

      Plan provides the CRC with necessary experience and capacity for future operations.
      Perito, United States Institute of peace senior program officer, 2007
      (Robert, “U.S. Police in Peace and Stability operations”, August, http://www.usip.org/files/resources/sr191.pdf, ldg)

      Between Operation Just Cause in Panama and Operation AND have it in place as the United States inevitably confronts future crises. 

      CRS is weak now-the plan boosts it
      Webb, State Department Foreign Service Officer, 2009
      (Gwendolyn, “THE CIVILIAN RESPONSE CORPS: HARNESSING THE POLITICAL WILL TO BUILD A TRUE CIVILIAN CAPACITY”, April, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA539783&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf, ldg)

      Nowhere is this change more needed AND-stability and reconstruction operations 

      New Impact GSU Round 6

      Failed states cause great power wars – power vacuums and competing interests make intervention inevitable – effectiveness key to deter escalation
      Grygiel, John Hopkins IR professor, 2009
      (Jakub, “Vacuum Wars: The Coming Competition Over Failed States,” American Interest, Jul/Aug 2009, http://www.the-american-interest.com/article.cfm?piece=622, ldg)

      Mention “failed states” in an … involvement of two or more powers. 



10/29/11

  • Egypt AFF-T-Democracy Assistance 2AC

    • Tournament: GSU | Round: 2 | Opponent: Trinity BU | Judge: L. Hill

    • <p><br class="lineBreak"></p>


      1. We meet- Police reform is the rule of law USAID category for assistance.
        Pinc, University of Sao Paulo, 2010
        (Tania, “Police Reform: a determinant of democracy's development”, http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1018&context=pnconfs_2010, ldg)

      To promote democracy and good governance, AND directly related to the first goal. 

      2. Security sector reform is democracy assistance
      US Code 2007
      (“§8262. United States democracy assistance programs”, 8-3, http://www.corpuslegalis.com/us/code/title22/united-states-democracy-assistance-programs, ldg)

      A) Democracy assistance has many different AND  and the judiciary, enhance independent auditing functions, and advance security sector reform. 

      3. CI-Assistance is 4 categories
      Finkel et al., Pittsburgh political science professor, 2008
      (Steve, “What has the United States Been Doing?”, Journal of Democracy 19.2 (2008) 150-159, project muse, ldg)

      It is often said that Western donors are satisfied AND and local government. 

      4. SSR is ambiguous and widely inclusive-Neg can never set a predictable standard
      Hanggi, DCAF Head of Research, 2004
      (Heiner, “Conceptualising Security Sector Reform and Reconstruction”, online pdf, ldg)

      Since the late 1990s, security sector reform AND  which are distinct from other SSR settings.5 



10/29/11

  • Egypt AFF-EU CP-2AC

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • <p><br class="lineBreak"></p>


    • 2. No solvency- implementation
      Bicchi, LSE international relations of Europe lecturer, 10
      [Federica, Ph.D., London School of Economics and Political Science, former Centre for the Analysis of Political Change fellow, “Dilemmas of Implementation: EU Democracy Assistance in the Mediterranean,” Democratization, 17:5, Oct 2010, p976-996, accessed 5-25-11, mss]

      The article shows how and why, after having AND own position in relation to it, in various and divergent ways.

      Plan solves Egyptian relations
      Masoud, Harvard public policy professor, 2011
      (Tarek, “U.S. must back democracy in Egypt regardless”, 2-9, http://articles.latimes.com/2011/feb/09/opinion/la-oe-masoud-egypt-20110209/2, ldg)

      But let's assume that Egypt is AND  are thwarted now, the charge will be much harder to shake. 



10/29/11

  • Egypt AFF-Politics-2AC-GSU

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • <p><br class="lineBreak"></p>


    • KORUS won’t pass-no agreement on TAA and other priorities tradeoff
      Star Tribune 9-9-2011
      (“Trade pacts ensnared by politics”, http://www.scrippsnews.net/content/trade-pacts-ensnared-politics, DOA: 9-15-2011, ldg)

      Yet as they did in fights over the budget AND House passage of the agreements. He was less sure about the retraining bill 

      No capital-Obama’s agenda is doomed.
      Hanson, Hoover Institute senior fellow, 9-14-2011
      (Victor, “Obama’s Quiver Is Empty”, http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/277090/obama-s-quiver-empty-victor-davis-hanson, DOA: 9-15-11, ldg)

      Ex-president George W. Bush AND Carter’s fist-pounding malaise speech.

      Obama won’t push- he’s in campaign mode, won’t govern
      Asbury, Legacy Companies chief executive, 9-15
      (Neal, "Obama Must Play ‘Big Ball,” Not ‘Small Ball’," Newsmax, www.newsmax.com/NealAsbury/asbury-Obama-jobs-speech/2011/09/15/id/411097, accessed 9-16-11, mss)

      Let’s face facts. President Obama’s address to AND  his steadfastness and wisdom in Washington today.

      He’s focusing on jobs- called for passage 90 times
      Politico, 9-15
      ("Pass the bill," www.politico.com/politico44/perm/0911/the_full_montage_139c34e7-f6da-45b5-8c42-db9370dc0e56.html, accessed 9-16-11, mss)

      Pass the bill, Obama says 90 times Think the message AND To get a better sense of the talking point ad nauseam, watch our montage above.

      Contentious fights now- jobs, budget, disaster relief
      Taylor, AP writer, 9-7
      (Andrew, "Congress returns to fight over jobs, budget cuts," Associated Press, www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hsK1ONmmth0qBer0a_x3s1Wr5YlQ?docId=a9639c6b30554608afd98192b5fc4a47, accessed 9-16-11, mss)

      Congress returns to fight AND  Tuesday complained about the move, however.

      Plan is bipartisan
      Democracy Digest 9-8-2011
      (“9/11 restored bipartisan consensus on strategic value of democracy assistance”, http://www.demdigest.net/blog/2011/09/911-restored-bipartisan-consensus-on-strategic-value-of-democracy-assistance/, DOA: 9-16-11, ldg)

      The mistaken conflation of the Bush AND  exists at a time of sharp partisan division here at home is worthy of note.” 

      Winner win.
      Singer, MyDD editor, 3-3-2009
      [Jonathan, "By Expending Capital, Obama Grows His Capital," My Direct Democracy, http://www.mydd.com/story/2009/3/3/191825/0428, accessed 11-11-9, mss] 

      From the latest NBC News-Wall Street Journal survey:   AND  opposition of the Republicans on Capitol Hill, and is being rewarded by the American public as a result.

      No trade wars
      Long, senior fellow Development Research Center, 2009
      (Guoqiang, “Is Protectionism a Threat to the World Economy?”, 2-23, http://www.eeo.com.cn/ens/finance_investment/2009/03/06/131493.shtml, ldg)

      I don't think we'll end up with a trade war. AND . It just becomes more intense during times of crisis. 



09/18/11

  • Egypt Aff-New Democracy Impact

    • Tournament: GSU | Round: Doubles | Opponent: NU BM | Judge:

    • <p><br class="lineBreak"></p>


    • Democratic Egypt solves Iran strikes. .
      Naiman, Policy Director at Just Foreign Policy, 2011
      (Robert, “Democracy in Egypt: The U.S. and Israel Can Adapt and They Will”, 2-2, http://www.commondreams.org/view/2011/02/02-4, ldg) 

      The emergence of Egypt as an … distinct interests. And that will be positive. 

      Extinction
      Hirsch, professor of physics UC San Diego, 2005
      (Jorge, “Can a Nuclear Strike on Iran Be Prevented?”, 11-21, http://www.antiwar.com/orig/hirsch.php?articleid=8089%29, ldg)

      Now that we have outlined what is very close to …Earth's population many times over. 



10/29/11
10/29/11

  • Egypt Aff-Orientalism K-2AC

    • Tournament: GSU | Round: Doubles | Opponent: NU BM | Judge:


    • 2. The K maintains an East-West binary that polarizes society, demonizes the West, victimizes the East and absolving groups of responsibility to create progressive politics, also proves our epistemology is fine.
      Freund, Reason Contributing editor, 2001
      (Charles, “The end of the Orientalist critique”, December, http://reason.com/archives/2001/12/01/2001-nights, DOA: 8-17-11, ldg)

      However important the implications of the … to this crisis is at least open to question. 

      4. Assigning all responsibility for atrocities to US involvement delimits engagement borne of responsibility to reverse the most urgent contests for violence and aggression
      Halliday, London School of Economics IR professor, 1999
      (Fred, “The Middle East at the Millennial Turn”, http://www.merip.org/mer/mer213/middle-east-millennial-turn, DOA: 8-17-11, ldg)

      Recent developments in the …practices within the Middle East. 

      5. Discourse doesn’t impact what’s real.
      Tuathail, geography professor Virginia Polytechnic Institute, 1996
      (Gearoid, “The critical geopolitics constellation: problematizing fusions of geographical knowledge and power”, Political Geography, 15(6-7), p. 664, science direct, ldg)

      While theoretical debates … to always be open to the patterned mess that is  human history.

      Their epistemology claims are wrong—our authors are capable of making non-racist assumptions—they link to all of their knowledge production claims and re-entrench Orientalism.
      Teitelbaum, Moshe Dayan Center for Middle East and African Studies senior fellow, 2006
      (Joshua, “Students, Teachers, and Edward Said: Taking Stock of Orientalism”, March, http://www.campus-watch.org/article/id/2493, DOA: 8-14-11, ldg)

      The critics did not deny that … of developing an opinion of their own. S 



09/18/11
10/29/11

  • Egypt AFF-Democracy Advantage-Sinai Impact

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • Lack of policing increases instability and crime in the Sinai-risks conflict with Israel. 

      Yossef, Taub Center for Israel Studies postdoctoral fellow, 9-28-2011

      (Amr, “Securing the Sinai”, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68304/amr-yossef/securing-the-sinai, DOA: 9-28-11, ldg)

      Instability in Sinai has escalated AND to Israel or firing Grad rockets from Sinai into Israel. 

      The Sinai is uniquely destabilizing – guarantees nuclear use

      Zitun, Ynet news, 9-5-2011

      (Yoav, “IDF general: Likelihood of regional war growing”, http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4118220,00.html, DOA: 9-21-11, ldg)

      Recent revolutions in the Arab world ANDEisenberg's remarks were approved for publication by censorship officials. 

      Conflict escalates-Israel will Samson option killing billions. 

      Dafinoiu, Norman Intelligence President, 2011

      (David, “The “Arab Spring”, the “Samson Option” and “Arab Fall”, 5-26, http://noramintel.com/the-%E2%80%9Carab-spring%E2%80%9D-the-coming-%E2%80%9Cnuclear-winter%E2%80%9D-the-israeli-%E2%80%9Csamson-option%E2%80%9D-and-the-coming-global-economy-disaster/, ldg)

      The Israelis have finally AND Mass starvations…think in the billions. 




10/29/11

  • Syria AFF-Harvard-Round 1

    • Tournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Texas GM | Judge: Polin

    • Plan solves hegemony-2 ways

       

      First is Iran

       

      Assad is holding on to power now

      Baghdadi, CBS News contributor and Syrian journalist, 10-12-11

      (George, “Syria's Assad bolstered by huge show of support”, http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503543_162-20119060-503543.html, DOA: 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      Middle East experts say Assad remains AND conspiracy against the country. Despite some reports over a slight split in the army, no defections of diplomats or key government ministers have been reported.

       

      Assad is the key to Iranian hegemony-any alternative regime would wreck their influence.  

      Hentov 5-10-11

      [Elliot, Ph.D. in Middle East studies from Princeton University, “Iran's unwanted revolution”

      http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/05/10/iran_s_unwanted_revolution, d/a 8-2-11, zml]

       

      Crucially, Iran's ascendancy has not been a AND as a regional player, namely, that Iran's position is less a driver of regional events than a function of those events.

       

      Failure to limit Iran’s influence shatters hegemony globally.

      Etzioni, George Washington political science professor, 2011

      (Amatai, “The Coming Test of US Credibility”, Military Review, April, http://icps.gwu.edu/files/2011/03/credibility.pdf, DOA: 9-22-11, ldg)

       

      In addition, since 2008, both the Israeli government ANDto its commitments overseas.

       

      2nd is credibility

       

      Assistance to Syria is key to credibility-protestor violence makes it the litmus test.

      Crowley, Penn State Omar Bradley chair of strategic leadership, 11

      [P.J. former State Department assistant secretary and spokesman (in the Obama administration), "Obama must tell Assad to go," Washington Post, 6-19-2011, www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/obama-tell-syrias-assad-he-has-to-go/2011/06/17/AGlZB3bH_story.html, accessed 8-4-11, mss]

       

      Six months ago, almost no one, including ANDand on the right side of history.

       

      Clear action on Syria is key to resolve confusion and perception of double standards

      Singh, Washington Institute managing director, 2011

      (Michael, “The U.S. Needs to Speak Clearly on Syria”, 8-16, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC06.php?CID=1697, DOA: 10-15-11, ldg)

       

      When the story of the Arab Spring is AND and the region that Washington despite its rhetoric will once again need to deal with him

       

      Credibility is the only way to make hegemony effective.

      Jervis, Columbia IR professor, 2009

      (Robert, “Unipolarity A Structural Perspective”, World Politics, Volume 61, Number 1, January 2009, Project Muse, ldg)

       

      To say that the system is unipolar is ANDSuccess requires that others share the American vision and believe that its leadership is benign.

       

       

      Hegemony solves nuke war and extinction-multipolarity is inevitable but absolute US power smoothes the transition and is empirically correlated to great-power peace

      Barnett, Naval War College Warfare Analysis & Research Department professor, 2011

      (Thomas, “The New Rules: Leadership Fatigue Puts U.S., and Globalization, at Crossroads”, 3-7, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8099/the-new-rules-leadership-fatigue-puts-u-s-and-globalization-at-crossroads, DOA: 10-9-11, ldg)

       

      Let me be more blunt: As the guardian of AND embedded in the geometry to come.

       

      U.S. hegemonic decline causes global great-power war, collapses trade and spreads economic nationalism and protectionism

      Zhang et al., Carnegie Endowment researcher, 2011

      (Yuhan, “America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry”, 1-22, http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/, DOA: 9-21-11, ldg)

       

      This does not necessarily mean that the US is in AND be devoid of unrivalled US primacy.

       

      That causes great power war

      Hillebrand, Kentucky diplomacy professor, 2010

      (Evan, “Deglobalization Scenarios: Who Wins? Who Loses?”, Global Economy Journal, Volume 10, Issue 2, ebsco, ldg)

       

      A long line of writers from Cruce (1623) to Kant (1797) to AND and the probability for interstate war rises.

       

      War is at its lowest level in history because of US primacy---best statistical studies prove heg solves war because it makes democratic peace resilient globalization sustainable---it’s the deeper cause of proximate checks against war

      Owen, UVA politics professor, 2011

      (John, “Don’t Discount Hegemony”, 2-11, http://www.cato-unbound.org/2011/02/11/john-owen/dont-discount-hegemony/, DOA: 10-9-11, ldg)

       

      We would still need to explain how this AND in Egypt and other authoritarian Muslim countries. But general U.S. material and moral support for liberal democracy remains strong.

       

      Absolute decline means the US will become uncooperative and desperate---hegemonic wars will ensue

      Goldstein, Penn IR professor, 2007

      (Avery, “Power transitions, institutions, and China's rise in East Asia: Theoretical expectations and evidence,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 30, Issue 4 & 5 August, ebsco, ldg)

       

      Two closely related, though distinct, theoretical arguments ANDabout the period prior to the possible crossover.19 pg. 647-650

       

      Every credible measure of study shows violence is down because of everything consistent with the aff---heg, democracy, liberal trade---it’s only a question of sustaining current dynamics and preventing shocks to the system

      Pinker, Harvard psychology professor, 2011

      (Steven, “Violence Vanquished”, 9-24, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111904106704576583203589408180.html, DOA; 10-9-11, ldg)

       

      Believe it or not, the world of the past was much worse. AND, that the Long Peace and rights revolutions coincided with the electronic global village.

       

      Focus on strategic deterrence and democracy are key to adverting crisis escalation—reject the infinite number of root causes that debilitate action

      Moore, UVA law professor, 2004

      (John, “Beyond the Democratic Peace: Solving the War Puzzle”, 44 Va. J. Int'l L. 341, Winter, lexis, ldg)

       

      If major interstate war is predominantly a product of a AND are dramatically increased or decreased?

       

      Shocks to the system are the ONLY propensity for conflict—globalization and liberal norms have eradicated warfare and structural violence—every field study proves

      Horgan, Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Science director, 2009

      (John, “The End of the Age of War”, 12-6, http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2009/12/06/the-end-of-the-age-of-war.html, DOA: 10-9-11, ldg)

       

      The economic crisis was supposed to increase violence around the world. AND Gleditsch of the International Peace Research Institute in Oslo




10/29/11

  • Syria AFF-Solvency-1AC

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • Plan recognizes the Syrian National Council-boosts effectiveness and spurs more support.

      Shaikh, Saban Center fellow, 10-12-11

      (Salman, “Preventing a Syrian Civil War”, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/13/opinion/preventing-a-syrian-civil-war.html?_r=1, DOA; 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      The longer the current situation lasts, the AND allies do not act quickly, Syria will descend into chaos.

       

      Plan offers organization training-that solves unification and minority rights.

      Karlin et al., John Hopkins Strategic studies instructor, 2011

      (Mara, “Obama's Push-Pull Strategy: How Washington Should Plan for a Post-Assad Syria”, 5-25, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC06.php?CID=1638, DOA: 10-8-11, ldg)

       

      As the United States works to push Assad AND naturally create considerable tension with or a break in Syria's alliance with Shiite-dominated Iran.

       

      Unifying the opposition is key-generates key defections that topple Assad

      Seelye, Middle East Institute vice president, 9-1-11

      (Kate, “Why Can't the Syrian Opposition Get Along?”, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/09/01/why_cant_the_syrian_opposition_get_along?page=full, DOA: 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      The reasons for the Syrian opposition's AND Syria's uprising remains little more than a distant hope.

       

      Plan leads to a soft landing by undermining Assad support groups.

      Hannah, Foundation for defending democracies senior fellow, 2011

      (John, “Obama and Syria: Courting Disaster”, 5-11, http://www.defenddemocracy.org/about-fdd/team-overview/john-hannah/, DOA; 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      Instead, the administration needs quickly ANDelections. To underscore their selfless commitment to the nation, members of the transitional council might pledge not to stand in the first post-Assad elections.

       

      Plan generates a viable political alternative to Assad-that’s key.

      The National 2011

      (“Syria opposition must learn from Libya's council”, 8-24, http://www.thenational.ae/thenationalconversation/editorial/syria-opposition-must-learn-from-libyas-council, DOA: 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      In Syria, more than five months after the uprising began, no such AND Only then will his regime surely crumble.

       

      Bolstering the opposition is key to speed up and smooth transition

      Doran et al., Saban Center senior fellow, 2011

      (Michael, “Getting Serious in Syria”, 7-29, http://www.brookings.edu/articles/2011/0801_syria_doran_shaikh.aspx, DOA: 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      Consequently, we should expect AND opposition movement would prove invaluable to increase its effectiveness and professionalize its efforts

       

      We should attempt to prepare for future contingenices-only way to solve passivity.

      Binde, Director of the Analysis and Forecasting Office of UNESCO, 2000

      (Jerome, “Toward an Ethics of the Future”, Public Culture, Volume 12, Number 1, Winter 2000, project muse, ldg)

       

      An ethics of the future is not an ethics in the future. AND, present and future. To paraphrase a common saying, the future delayed is the future denied.

       

      Evaluating high-impact  events key to prevent catastrophe

      Blyth and Taleb, NYU’s Polytech Institute Risk Engineering professor, 11

      [Mark, Brown University International Political Economy professor, and Nassim Nicholas, "The Black Swan of Cairo," Foreign Affairs, May/June 2011, 90(3), ebsco, accessed 8-1-11, mss]

       

      Why is surprise the permanent condition of the U.S. political AND visible and out in the open--fluctuat nec mergitur (it fluctuates but does not sink) goes the Latin saying.




10/29/11

  • Syria AFF-Plan

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • The United States federal government should offer political organization training to the Syrian National Council. 




10/29/11

  • Syria AFF-Iran Advantage-1AC

    • Tournament: Harvard | Round: 3 | Opponent: UMW PS | Judge: Hardy

    • Assad holding on to power now

      Baghdadi, CBS News contributor and Syrian journalist, 10-12-11

      (George, “Syria's Assad bolstered by huge show of support”, http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503543_162-20119060-503543.html, DOA: 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      Middle East experts say AND have been reported.

       

      Assad is the key to Iranian hegemony-any alternative would limit cooperation.  

      Hentov 5-10-11

      [Elliot, Ph.D. in Middle East studies from Princeton University, “Iran's unwanted revolution”

      http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/05/10/iran_s_unwanted_revolution, d/a 8-2-11, zml]

       

      Crucially, Iran's ascendancy has AND  position is less a driver of regional events than a function of those events.

       

      Risk of Iran war is high-lack of communication and desperation makes miscalc likely.

      Parsi, National Iranian American Council president, 10-2-11

      (Trita, “Iran's growing bluster spells danger”, http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-parsi-iran-20111002,0,3457401.story, DOA: 10-18-11, ldg)

       

      The world has grown accustomedAND. And miscalculations often lead to dangerous escalations.

       

      ME war goes nuclear

      Russell, Naval Postgraduate School National Security professor, 2009

      (James, "Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Nuclear War and Escalation in the Middle East", http://www.nps.edu/academics/sigs/ccc/people/biolinks/russell/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf, ldg)

       

      Strategic stability in the region is AND with substantial risk for the entire world.

       

      Failure to limit Iran’s influence shatters hegemony globally.

      Etzioni, George Washington political science professor, 2011

      (Amatai, “The Coming Test of US Credibility”, Military Review, April, http://icps.gwu.edu/files/2011/03/credibility.pdf, DOA: 9-22-11, ldg)

       

      In addition, since 2008, both the Israeli AND up to its commitments overseas.

       

      Solves multiple nuclear wars

      Zhang et al., Carnegie Endowment researcher, 2011

      (Yuhan, “America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry”, 1-22, http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/, DOA: 9-21-11, ldg)

       

      This does not necessarily mean that the AND  be devoid of unrivalled US primacy.




10/29/11

  • Syria AFF-Civil War Advantage-1AC

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • Assad makes Syrian civil war inevitable-that will spark regional instability and war with Israel.

      Yacoubian, US Institute of Peace Middle East senior program officer, 10-5-11

      (Mona, “Saving Syria from civil war”, http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/10/05/saving_syria_from_civil_war, DOA: 10-8-11, ldg)

       

      As Syria's uprising lurches toward its AND must be closely monitored and encouraged.

       

      Syria will attack with smallpox.

      Corsi, Harvard political science PhD, 2007

      (Jerome, “Syria ready with bio-terror if U.S. hits Iran”, 3-5, http://www.wnd.com/?pageId=40459, DOA: 8-17-11, ldg)

       

      "Syria is positioned to launch a biological AND disease in camels," but rarely, if ever, causes the disease in humans.

       

      That causes extinction

      Singer, Illinois Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering professor, 2001

      (Clifford, “Will Mankind Survive the Millennium?”, http://acdis.illinois.edu/assets/docs/312/articles/WillMankindSurvivetheMillennium.pdf, DOA: 8-17-11, ldg)

       

      In recent years the fear of the apocalypse (or religious AND  a globally connected human family may be in question when and if this is achieved

       

      Small pox would be devastating – the population is no longer vaccinated.

      Spector, James Martin Center for nonproliferation deputy director, 2010

      (Leonard, “Sterry R. Waterman Lecture: Slowing Proliferation: Why Legal Tools Matter”, Spring,  34 Vt. L. Rev. 619, lexis, ldg)

       

      And in the area of biological weapons, AND  is, in the world we live in today. To be clear, the only known examples of this virus are held today in the United States and Russia in highly secure facilities: But scientists believe that the techniques to reconstitute this extremely complex virus could be in wide use in as little as two years.

       

      Mid-east war only scenario for biological weapons spurring pandemic

      DEBKA File, 2

      ["Pandemic Potential in Mid East Bio Warfare," 12-23-2002, www.stevequayle.com/News.alert/NBC/021223.pandemic.potential.html, accessed 8-4-11, mss]

       

      Then, as now, little attention has been paid to AND the blight with them. The outcome could well be population movements in waves unprecedented since the Middle Ages.

       

      Perception of Syrian CBW’s causes Israeli nuclear escalation

      Leser, OEN Editor, 2006

      (Steven, “Middle East Conflict - Israel, Syria and Iran Headed for Non-Conventional War likely to Destroy all Three plus Lebanon”, 7-30, http://www.opednews.com/articles/opedne_steven_l_060730_middle_east_conflict.htm, ldg)

       

      A few years ago, Syria announced that it AND  we have the ability to step in and stop it is criminal and genocidal.

       

      Syrian/Israeli war draws in Russia

      Simonov et al., Axis Information and Analysis security analyst, 2006

      (Pavel, “Russia Might Get Involved in the Middle East Conflict”, 7-19, http://www.axisglobe.com/article.asp?article=995, DOA: 8-17-11, ldg)

       

      Not so long ago, the Russian soldiers and AND . Strangely enough, Syria appeared to be almost the last Arab country to officially state its attitude towards the Lebanese-Israeli confrontation.

       

      Supporting the opposition is key to a soft landing-other options alienate Syrian people and lead to diversionary wars.

      Monajed, Syrian Revolution News Roundup publisher, 2011

      (Ausama, “In Syria, an opening for the West to bring about Assad’s downfall”, 6-26, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/in-syria-an-opening-for-the-west-to-bring-about-assads-downfall/2011/06/24/AGz4hcmH_story.html, ldg)

       

       World governments seem unwilling AND the people of Syria, not their oppressor. 




10/29/11

  • Syria AFF-Credibility Advantage-1AC

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • Assistance to Syria is key to credibility-protestor violence makes it the litmus test.

      Crowley, Penn State Omar Bradley chair of strategic leadership, 11

      [P.J. former State Department assistant secretary and spokesman (in the Obama administration), "Obama must tell Assad to go," Washington Post, 6-19-2011, www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/obama-tell-syrias-assad-he-has-to-go/2011/06/17/AGlZB3bH_story.html, accessed 8-4-11, mss]

       

      Six months ago, almost no one, including AND and on the right side of history.

       

      Clear action on Syria is key to resolve confusion and perception of double standards

      Singh, Washington Institute managing director, 2011

      (Michael, “The U.S. Needs to Speak Clearly on Syria”, 8-16, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC06.php?CID=1697, DOA: 10-15-11, ldg)

       

      When the story of the Arab Spring AND region that Washington despite its rhetoric will once again need to deal with him

       

      Credibility builds coalitions for leadership that prevent environmental destruction and disease

      Stanley, Georgetown security studies professor, 2007

      (Elizabeth, “International Perceptions of US Nuclear Policy” Sandia Report,http://www.prod.sandia.gov/cgi-bin/techlib/access-control.pl/2007/070903.pdf, DOA: 10-14-11, ldg)

       

      How important is soft power, anyway? Given its vast AND, multi-lateral cooperation that will be necessary to address such threats effectively.

       

      Species loss cases extinction

      Daily et al, Professor, Department of Biological Sciences Stanford, 7

      (11-19, Gretchen, Senior Fellow, Woods Institute for the Environment Director, Center for Conservation Biology Director, Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources Chair, The Natural Capital Project, “ECOSYSTEM SERVICES: Benefits Supplied to Human Societies by Natural Ecosystems,” http://www.sierraforestlegacy.org/Resources/Conservation/FireForestEcology/ForestEconomics/Economics-Daily97.pdf) atw

       

       

      In addition to the production of goods, AND for example, human beings trying to colonize the moon.

       

      Disease causes extinction.

      Keating, Foreign Policy Web Editor, 2009

      [Joshua, “The End of the World”, 11-13, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/11/13/the_end_of_the_world?page=full, ldg]

       

      How it could happen: Throughout history, AND weapons experimentation has added a new and just as troubling complication.

       

      Burnout is wrong

      The West Australian (Perth), 2008

      ["The silent future threat," l/n, accessed 2-26-11, mss]

       

      "If we do not bring the Third World with us, we AND ability to protect us, we will increasingly have to fall back on our own innovations and man-made solutions."

      [Matt note: he/Mallal = Professor Simon Mallal, a Royal Perth Hospital HIV physician and clinical immunologist and director of Murdoch University's Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases]

       




10/29/11

  • Syria AFF-Iran Democracy Advantage-1AC

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • Assad holding on to power now

      Baghdadi, CBS News contributor and Syrian journalist, 10-12-11

      (George, “Syria's Assad bolstered by huge show of support”, http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503543_162-20119060-503543.html, DOA: 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      Middle East experts say AND ministers have been reported.

       

      Removal of Assad leads to Iranian democracy-splits the regime and boosts the opposition.

      Metghalchi, FRIDE fellow, 10-8-11

      (Nazanine, “Is Iran Immune From The Arab Spring? – Analysis”, http://www.eurasiareview.com/08102011-is-iran-immune-from-the-arab-spring-analysis/, DOA; 10-16-11, ldg)

       

      Iran’s theocratic order is facing increasing AND opportunities for pro- democracy forces.

       

      Iranian democratization solves proliferation, adventurism and ME democracy

      Gerecht, Foundation for defense of democracies senior fellow, 2010

      (Reuel, “Iran, Beacon of Liberty?”, 2-10, http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/11/opinion/11gerecht.html?pagewanted=all, DOA: 10-15-11, ldg)

       

      The impact of all this on Muslims everywhere AND. In no other endeavor, foreign or domestic, is the president likely to earn as much.

       

      Iran adventurism causes miscalculation and war. 

      Lynch, George Washington political science professor, 2011

      (Marc, “Upheaval: U.S. Policy Toward Iran in a Changing Middle East”, June, http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Upheaval_Lynch_2.pdf, DOA: 9-21-11, ldg)

       

      As it struggles to AND sudden and game-changing war.

       

      ME war goes nuclear

      Russell, Naval Postgraduate School National Security professor, 2009

      (James, "Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Nuclear War and Escalation in the Middle East", http://www.nps.edu/academics/sigs/ccc/people/biolinks/russell/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf, ldg)

       

      Strategic stability in the region AND with substantial risk for the entire world.

       

      Middle Eastern democracy will eliminate support for Al Qaeda

      Byman, Georgetown security studies professor, 2011

      (Daniel, “Terrorism After the Revolutions” Foreign Affairs, May/June, ebsco, ldg)

       

      Al Qaeda is dangerous AND against their authoritarian rulers.

       

      Al-Qaeda Still strong and a nuclear threat

      D’Souza, South Asian Studies research fellow, 9-9-2011

      (Shanthie, “Al Qaeda A Decade After The 9/11 Attacks – Analysis”, 9-8, http://www.eurasiareview.com/08092011-al-qaeda-a-decade-after-the-911-attacks-analysis/, DOA: 9-22-11, ldg)

       

      Firstly, Al Qaeda’s core leadership AND return to the US undetected.

       

      Causes US-China-Russia war and extinction

      Morgan, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 2009

      (Dennis, World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race Futures, Volume 41, Issue 10, December, ldg)

       

      In a remarkable website on nuclear war, AND reckless use of strategic weapons

       

      Nuclear Iran produces multiple other scenarios for nuclear conflict

      Rogers, Bradford peace studies professor, 2010

      (Paul “Israel vs Iran: rumours of war”, 12-10, http://www.opendemocracy.net/paul-rogers/israel-vs-iran-rumours-of-war, DOA: 10-17-11, ldg)

       

      The depth of this suspicion of Iran among AND peril of attacks (which may now also be nuclear) against the United States - complements this assessment well.

       

      It will cause terrorism, Middle East war and economic collapse

      Sohoni, Afghanistan presidential advisor, 2011

      (Shrinivasrao, “Worst-case Scenarios?”, 3-4, http://www.hardnewsmedia.com/2011/03/3864, DOA: 10-17-11, ldg)

       

      Assuming this negative impasse continues, AND  will eventually be neutralized or sequestered and taken control of by the West.

       

      Decline causes war

      Royal, director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, 2010

      (Jedediah, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal, and Political Perspectives, pg 213-215, ldg)

       

      Less intuitive is how periods of economic AND here should be considered ancillary to those views.

       

      They’ll go nuclear.

      Auslin and Lachman, scholar and fellow at American Enterprise Institute, 2009

      (Michael and Desmond, “The Global Economy Unravels”, 3-6, http://www.forbes.com/2009/03/06/global-economy-unravels-opinions-contributors-g20.html, ldg)

       

      The threat of instability is a AND explosions that coalesce into a big bang.




10/30/11

  • Egypt AFF-Coptic Christians-Harvard Rd 7

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • Contention One: Egypt

      Fear of persecution is spurring an exodus of Christians from Egypt- rest of the region will model
      Bandow, Cato Institute senior fellow, 11
      (Doug, Senior Fellow in International Religious Persecution at the Institute on Religion and Public Policy. A former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan, "What Kind of Revolution?" 7-13-11, American Spectator, spectator.org/archives/2011/07/13/what-kind-of-revolution/print, accessed 10-10-11, mss)

      Shea worries about "a mass exodus" …. of the Middle East.

      That exacerbates clash of civilizations- spurs destructive conflicts
      Allen, NCR senior correspondent, 10
      (John L. JR., “In Middle East, democracy is the 'Great Jihad,'” National Catholic Reporter, 10-13-2010, http://ncronline.org/blogs/ncr-today/middle-east-democracy-great-jihad, 9/9/11, atl)

      There’s nothing like the realistic … Muslim East and the Christian West.”

      These conflicts go nuclear
      Macwhirter, Sunday Herald award-winning political commentator, 6
      (Iain, "McConnell's dreams for Trident could put Brown in the history books," Sunday Herald, 9-17-6, l/n, accessed 9-24-11, mss)

      In the age of climate change and global …. nuclear weapons all the greater.

      AND- Causes Mid-east war- two internal links:

      1. Stability- Christian-Muslim tensions are the biggest threat to Egyptian stability
        Kirkpatrick, NY Times staff, 11
        (David, "Egypt's Christians Fear Violence as Changes Embolden Islamists," NY Times, 5-31-11, l/n, accessed 9-23-11, mss)

      Like many similar stories proliferating here ….. ''It is the next big battle.''

      Promoting religious freedom for Copts is key to transition success
      Farr, Religious Freedom Project director, 11
      (Thomas, Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, "Prioritizing International Religious Freedom in US Foreign Policy," foreignaffairs.house.gov/112/far060311.pdf, accessed 10-10-11, mss)

      But there is another reason the American … reached the American homeland.”

      Success of Egyptian transition key to Mid-east peace
      Harrison, Washington political science lecturer, 11
      (Ewan, “Egypt and the world after Mubarak”, 3-2-11, http://www.stlbeacon.org/voices/in-the-news/108596-egypt-and-the-world-after-mubarak, ldg)

      The most tantalizing … worth taking risks to achieve.

      2. Extremism- Coptic Christians are the only hope for countering radical Islamists
      Abaza and Nahkla, Washington Institute visiting fellow, 5
      (Khairi, Washington Institute visiting fellow, and Mark, Washington Institute research assistant, "The Copts and Their Political Implications in Egypt," PolicyWatch #1039, 10-25-05, www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=2386, accessed 9-23-11, mss)

      Christians in Egypt are a main … extremist Islamist takeover by democratic means.

      Collapses Egypt-Israel relations which are key to Mid-east stability
      Kohan, Israel Antitrust Authority, 11
      (Gabriel, “Israel and Egypt's Precarious Future: A Victory for Iran?” March 2011, http://www.policymic.com/articles/israel-and-egypt-s-precarious-future-a-victory-for-iran, ldg) 

      The future of the relationship between Israel … in the hands of Egypt’s future leaders. 

      Mid-east war goes nuclear
      Russell, Naval Postgraduate School National Security professor, 2009
      (James, "Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Nuclear War and Escalation in the Middle East", http://www.nps.edu/academics/sigs/ccc/people/biolinks/russell/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf, ldg)

      Strategic stability in the region is thus …substantial risk for the entire world.

      Most probable scenario for global great power war
      Ferguson, Harvard history professor, 7
      (Niall, "This heat is a recipe for Armageddon," The Telegraph, 6-17-7, www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3640692/This-heat-is-a-recipe-for-Armageddon.html, accessed 9-27-11, mss)

      For some time I have been warning that the next … a recipe for Armageddon.

      Egypt establishes a model for the rest of the Middle East
      Salem, Development Works International director, 2011
      (Mohamed, “Return of the Egyptian model?”, 3-10, http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2011/1038/op201.htm, DOA: 9-21-11, ldg)

      The horizon was soon clouded with … more integration. Meanwhile, expert predictions abound.

      Middle Eastern democracy will eliminate support for Al Qaeda
      Byman, Georgetown security studies professor, 2011
      (Daniel, “Terrorism After the Revolutions” Foreign Affairs, May/June, ebsco, ldg)

      Al Qaeda is dangerous not only because … against their authoritarian rulers.

      Al-Qaeda Still strong and a nuclear threat
      D’Souza, South Asian Studies research fellow, 9-9-2011
      (Shanthie, “Al Qaeda A Decade After The 9/11 Attacks – Analysis”, 9-8, http://www.eurasiareview.com/08092011-al-qaeda-a-decade-after-the-911-attacks-analysis/, DOA: 9-22-11, ldg)

      Firstly, Al Qaeda’s core leadership …. may well return to the US undetected.

      Nuclear terrorism causes US-China-Russia war, environmental collapse, and extinction
      Morgan, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 2009
      (Dennis, World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race Futures, Volume 41, Issue 10, December, ldg)

      In a remarkable website on nuclear war, Carol …. reckless use of strategic weapons.

      And solves Iranian hegemony
      Khalaji, Washington institute senior fellow, 2011
      (Mehdi, “Influence Curtailed: Democracy in the Arab World Stands to Strip Iran of Its Power”, 4-12, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC06.php?CID=1609, ldg)

      The Arab uprisings have forced Iran …. at home, but also abroad. 

      An unchecked Iran risks a miscalculated nuclear war
      Ben-Meir, NYU IR professor, 2006
      (Alon, “Ending Iranian Defiance” , 2-6, http://www.spacewar.com/reports/Ending_Iranian_Defiance_999.html, DOA: 8-17-11, ldg)

      That Iran stands today able to …. consequences of not halting its nuclear program. 

      Contention Two: Syria

      Protest movements are growing stronger but have yet to reach critical mass
      Harling and Malley, ICG MENA program director, 11
      (Peter, ICG project director for Iraq, Syria, and Lebanon, based in Damascus, and Robert, International Crisis Group Middle East and North Africa programme director, "Syria behaving as its own worst enemy," Washington Post, 7-16-11, gulfnews.com/mobile/opinions/columnists/syria-behaving-as-its-own-worst-enemy-1.838832, accessed 9-24-11, mss)

      The protest movement in … overtime to accelerate its demise.

      Plan emboldens Christians in Syria- sends a signal that the US will look out for post-dictator Christians
      Allen, NCR senior correspondent, 11
      (John L. JR., "Liberating the Christian voice in the Arab Spring," National Catholic Reporter, 8-12-11, ncronline.org/blogs/all-things-catholic/liberating-christian-voice-arab-spring, accessed 9-22-11, mss)

      Anti-Mubarak forces in Egypt like …basically on their own.

      That’s key- Syrian minorities are watching Christians in Egypt to determine how post-dictatorships treat minorities
      Martin, Globe and Mail Middle East bureau chief, 11
      (Patrick, "Dissecting Syria," Globe and Mail, l/n, accessed 9-24-11, mss)

      It's an attempt by the Assad regime to give an … Assad alliance of faithful supporters.

      Collapse is inevitable- accelerating it is key to prevent regional sectarian conflict
      Yassin-Kassab, Pulse Media co-editor, 11
      (Robin, author of The Road from Damascus, "The Fall of the House of Assad," 6-10-11, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/06/10/the_fall_of_the_house_of_assad?page=0,1, accessed 8-4-11, mss)

      The catalyst in Syria may be the … to bring Syria back under its heel.

      Sectarian fragmentation leads to WMD dispersal
      UPI, 11
      (United Press International, "Syria 'on radar' as WMD source," 8-27-11, l/n, accessed 9-26-11, mss)

      U.S. and Israeli officials say there is fear a … a U.S. official told the Journal Saturday.

      This includes easily deployed bio-weapons
      Shoham, Bar-Ilan University Center for Strategic Studies research associate, 2
      (Dany, holds his doctorate in medical microbiology, "Poisoned Missiles: Syria's Doomsday Deterrent," Middle East Quarterly, Fall 2002, www.meforum.org/510/poisoned-missiles-syrias-doomsday-deterrent

      In regard to anthrax, Syria has some ongoing experience … or developer by the United States.[24]

      Causes extinction
      Steinbruner, Brookings senior fellow, 97
      (John, National Academy of Sciences Committee on International Security and Arms Control Vice Chair, Foreign Policy, Winter, "Biological weapons: a plague upon all houses," infotrac)

      Although human pathogens are often lumped … but not necessarily its outer limit. 

      AND- Prolonged instability causes Turkish invasion
      Cagaptay, Washington Institute Turkish Research Program director, 11
      [Soner, Ph.D. from Yale University, visiting professor at Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service, "What If Turkey Invaded Syria?" Hurriyet Daily News, 7-10-11, www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC06.php?CID=1672, accessed 8-1-11, mss]

      Turkish-Syrian ties are unraveling. … the AKP's regional agenda.

      Draws in NATO and escalates to global war
      The American Dream, 11
      ("Could we Actually See a war between Syria and Turkey," 6-28-11, endoftheamericandream.com/archives/could-we-actually-see-a-war-between-syria-and-turkey, accessed 9-26-11, mss)

      In recent days, there have been persistent rumors … World War III does not erupt as a result.

      Plan: The United States federal government should substantially increase civil society support to non-governmental organizations that support religious freedom for Christians in Egypt.

      Contention Three: Solvency

      Civil society support key to ending persecution of Copts- solves Egyptian stability
      Inboden, UT Center for International Security and Law distinguished scholar, 11
      (Will, University of Texas (Austin) Center for International Security and Law distinguished scholar, UT public affairs professor, Foreign Policy contributing editor, and former National Security Council strategic planning senior director, State Department Policy Planning Staff member, and Office of International Religious Freedom special adviser, "Religious Freedom in Egypt," Foreign Policy, 5-9-11, shadow.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/05/09/religous_freedom_in_egypt, accessed 10-10-11, mss)

      This brings up the second type of challenge …  subsequent course, for good or for ill.

      US action is key to solve- AND our spotlight effect overwhelms any backlash or say no arguments
      Hawthorne, Washington Institute Arab politics research fellow, 1
      (Amy, Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Council on Foreign Relations term member, Carnegie Endowment specialist with expertise in domestic Arab politics, human rights, and the possibility of democratic change in the Arab world, Arab Reform Bulletin editor, from 1996 to 2000 Hawthorne was senior program officer for the Middle East at the International Foundation for Election Systems, a U.S.-based NGO, where she designed and managed democracy promotion programs across the Arab world, "Promoting Religious Freedom in the Middle East, Post-September 11," testimony before the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC07.php?CID=10, accessed 9-23-11, mss)

      Specifically, this means that the United States will need …., productive members of the global community.

      Egyptians don’t fear stigma
      Kagan et al., Brookings senior fellow, 2011
      (Robert, “Arabs seek democracy regardless of how they feel about the US, says FPI Director Robert Kagan and Reuel Marc Gerecht”, 3-10, http://www.foreignpolicyi.org/content/arabs-seek-democracy-regardless-how-they-feel-about-us-says-fpi-director-robert-kagan, DOA: 9-22-11, ldg)

      Let's start with the fact that … want U.S. economic help. 

      No impact to US stigma
      Haas, American Foreign Policy Council senior fellow, 9-8-11
      (Lawrence, “Should the U.S. be involved in efforts to bring democracy to Libya?”, http://www.theolympian.com/2011/09/15/v-print/1800473/should-the-us-be-involved-in-efforts.html, DOA: 10-1-11, ldg)

      Recently, Washington has played an … Washington for its efforts. 




10/30/11
0

  • Round Reports

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • Aff: Liberty GW Aff
      Lybia ROL/Women’s Aff
      Round #6   Tournament: Shirley
      vs: West GA DF
      Judge:

       

       

      Plan Text

       

      Wiki

       

       

      1ac Advantages

       

      Wiki

       

      2ac Offense

       

      Perm-Combine our goal to help women with there’s of group masochism

       

      Violence Spills Over throught society, means no tolerance

       

      Debate k2 better policy making

       

      Liberal demoracy k2 solve

       

      The Alt gets co-opted

      >Coalitions k2 solve

       

      Perm-Embrace plan & Endorse Political masochism in a non-violent way

       

      1ar Strategy

       

      Permutation

       

      Militarism

       

      State k2 solve

       

      Framework

       

      Alt won’t solve

       

      2ar Strategy

       

      Permutation

      >(Permutation double bind)

       

      Violence Bad

       

      Coalitions

       

      Won’t sovle aff

       

       

       

       

      Round 2

      Aff: Liberty GW

      Round #2 Shirley

      vs. Emory CM

      Judge: Strauss (Dave)

       

      Plan Text

       

                  Wiki

       

      1AC Advantages

       

                  Civil War

                              -CBW

                              -Israel-Syria War

       

                  Iran

                              -ME War

                              -Hegemony

       

                  Credibility

                              -Disease

       

      2AC Offense

       

                  Terrorism and Iran-Saudi Add-Ons

       

      1AR Strategy

       

      2AR Strategy

       

                  Theory on CP—International Fiat Bad

      Team Name: Liberty GW

      Round # Harvard Round 7

      vs Team: Wake BC

      Judge: Kevin Kalmeyer

       

       

      Plan Text

       

      Civil Society Assistance to Coptic Christians

       

      1ac w/ cites

       

      Egypt Stability ADV w/ crackdown and migration internal links (Egypt Stability, Regional Stability, Regional Democracy, Terrorism)

      Syria Modeling ADV (Bioweapons, Turkey Invasion)

                  Answers to Off-case Arguments

       

      Straight Turn Politics

       

                  1AR Strategy Notes

       

      All in on straight turning politics

                 

                  2AR Strategy Notes

       

      All in on straight turning politics




11/11/11

  • Libya Gender AFF-1AC

    • Tournament: Wake | Round: 5 | Opponent: WGU DF | Judge: Olney

    •  

      The United States federal government should diversity mainstream rule of law reform in Libya.

       

      Women face unique forms of violence in post conflict scenarios-mainstreaming gender is key to prosecute these crimes.

      Grina, William and Mary JD candidate, 2011

      (Eve, “Mainstreaming Gender in Rule of Law Initiatives in Post-Conflict Settings”, 17 Wm. & Mary J. Women & L. 435, http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1313&context=wmjowl, ldg)

       

      Many argue that conditions for … central push of rule of law-based reform.

       

      This is especially true in Libya-rape has been used as a weapon of war.

      Cordell, Refugees International, 2011

      (Kristen, “Libya: Protecting women from sexual violence”, 6-9, http://www.refugeesinternational.org/blog/libya-protecting-women-sexual-violence, DOA: 9-7-11, ldg)

       

      Yesterday, the International … both in Libya and the world.

       

      Dis-empowerment normalizes subordination of women.

      Bridgman, Toronto University JD, 2007

      (Tess, “THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WOMEN’S ACCESS TO JUSTICE AND DEVELOPMENT”, http://www.otago.ac.nz/law/oylr/2007/Bridgman.pdf, ldg)

       

      These barriers, relating to … development of the country.

       

      The international community will initiate rule of law reform

      AFP 2011

      (“UN chief says ready to help Libya on policing, reform”, 9-6, http://www.lhrtimes.com/un-chief-says-ready-to-help-libya-on-policing-reform.html, DOA: 9-7-11, ldg)

       

      AUCKLAND: The United Nations …and physical infrastructure.”

       

      These international interventions re-entrench patriarchy-they focus on establishing control for traditional elites.

      Hamilton et al., Transitional Justice Institute, 2009

      (Michael, “Gender and the Rule of Law in Transitional Societies”,  18 Minn. J. Int’l L. 380 (2009), http://www.law.umn.edu/uploads/ND/8H/ND8H4EoJ_7XUht035afPPA/Ni-Aolain-and-Hamilton-Final-Online-PDF-03.30.09.pdf, ldg)

       

      Second, Cockburn and Zarkov have … the gender/rule of law interface.

       

       

      Traditional rule of law programs hurt women—they emphasize neutrality which legitimizes inequality, re-entrench the public/private divide and eliminate the revolutionary potential of transitions.

      Hamilton et al., Transitional Justice Institute, 2009

      (Michael, “Gender and the Rule of Law in Transitional Societies”,  18 Minn. J. Int’l L. 380 (2009), http://www.law.umn.edu/uploads/ND/8H/ND8H4EoJ_7XUht035afPPA/Ni-Aolain-and-Hamilton-Final-Online-PDF-03.30.09.pdf, ldg)

       

      Second, and following from its …regression in the transition.

       

      The plan solves-it revamps the justice system under a gender lens.

      Grina, William and Mary JD candidate, 2011

      (Eve, “Mainstreaming Gender in Rule of Law Initiatives in Post-Conflict Settings”, 17 Wm. & Mary J. Women & L. 435, http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1313&context=wmjowl, ldg)

       

      When organizations undertake rule of … and promote gender equality.

       

       

      We don’t treat gender as a static, totalizing category-the plan recognizes that identity is created through a combination of factors and oppression is multi-faceted.

      Hankivsky, Simon Fraser political science professor, 2005

      (Olena, “Gender vs. Diversity Mainstreaming: A Preliminary Examination of the Role and Transformative Potential of Feminist Theory”, Canadian Journal of Political Science, Vol. 38, No. 4, JSTOR, ldg)

       

      The key is not to abandon …implemented and evaluated.

       

      AND- The institutions of the state are necessary in the fight against gendered violence- the alternative abandons women to endure intimate violence alone

      Guzik, Bloomfield College assistant sociology professor, 2009

      [Keith, Arresting Abuse: Mandatory Legal Interventions, Power, and Intimate Abusers, 187-188]

       

      Of course, the major … the state is not in order.

       

      Using the law provides a unique space to challenge masculine bias within the law

      Lewis et al., Newcastle social sciences professor, 2001

      (Ruth, “LAW’S PROGRESSIVE POTENTIAL: THE VALUE OF ENGAGEMENT WITH THE LAW FOR DOMESTIC VIOLENCE”, Social Legal Studies, March, SAGE, ldg)

       

      While sceptical legal reformers …of the feminist movement.

       

       

      Ignorance of material suffering provides no mechanism to counter the hegemony of the right –in the face of violence against women we must provide a choice for persons to access remedies for the suffering they have experienced

      West, Georgetown law professor, 2006

      (Robin, “Desperately Seeking a Moralist”, http://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1277&context=facpub, ldg)

       

      So what is the loss in all of this? I … trivializing or denying their seriousness.

       

      We don’t impose or erase culture-mainstreaming promotes equality within cultural norms-their critique stunts progressive change.

      Grina, William and Mary JD candidate, 2011

      (Eve, “Mainstreaming Gender in Rule of Law Initiatives in Post-Conflict Settings”, 17 Wm. & Mary J. Women & L. 435, http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1313&context=wmjowl, ldg)

       

      Although feminist literature … the guise of preserving “tradition.” 159

       




11/13/11

  • Wake-Round 2-Emory CM-2AC

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • Case-2AC

       

      No kiss of death.

      Hamid, Brookings Doha center research director, 10-1-11

      (Shadi, “What Obama and American Liberals Don’t Understand About the Arab Spring”, http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/1001_obama_hamid.aspx, DOA; 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      Across the region, activists were even less forgiving AND leadership, it often comes away disappointed.

       

      T-Material-2AC

       

      DA is technical transfers of assistances.

      Burnell, Warwick International studies professor, 2007

      (Peter, “Does International Democracy Promotion Work?”, http://www.die-gdi.de/CMS-Homepage/openwebcms3.nsf/(ynDK_contentByKey)/ADMR-7BRF46/$FILE/BurnellPromotionWork.pdf, DOA: 10-22-11, ldg)

       

      All things considered, however, there is a shortage of AND  to create better governance and, beyond that, improvements in public policy for things like managing the economy.

       

      Four categories-we are number 4

      Carothers, director of the Democracy and Rule of Law Program, 2009 

      (Thomas, “Revitalizing U.S. Democracy  Assistance the challenge of USAID, 10-29, http://www.carnegieendowment.org/files/revitalizing_democracy_assistance.pdf, ldg)

       

      USAID’s democracy and governance AND, and democratic consensus building.

       

       

      EU-NEDD CP 2AC

       

      NED fails and covers it up

      Hale, Hndrix PhD in political science, 2003

      (Eric, “A Quantitative And Qualitative Evaluation Of Th National Endowment For Democracy, 1990-1999,” December, http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-1105103-140728/unrestricted/Hale_dis.pdf, DOA: 10-21-11, ldg)

       

      Critics also charge that AND  more forthcoming with details of its activities.

       

       

      Leading from behind doesn’t solve the AFF

      Hulett, Knox political science professor, 2011

      (Richard, “Sue Hulett: Has Obama abandoned global leadership?”, 9-3, http://www.galesburg.com/newsnow/x1638741805/Sue-Hulett-Has-Obama-abandoned-global-leadership, DOA: 10-21-11, ldg)

       

      We also know a bit more about Obama’s semi-idealist (AND about the occasional necessity of American leadership on behalf of promoting democracy and liberty.

       

       

      USFG assistance key

      Wittes, Middle East Democracy and Development (MEDD) Project director, 2008

      (Tamara, Freedom's unsteady march: America's role in building Arab democracy, pg 120, ldg)

      Wittes 8

       

      Despite the failings of the Middle East AND failure and can better demand U,S. official attention when they need diplomatic backup

       

      No black sea impact

      Jafri, Pakistan Observer, 11

      (Sameer, "Rise of the SCO," 7-7-11, l/n, accessed 9-17-11, mss)

       

      Formed in 2001, the Shanghai Cooperation AND development of half of the mankind, which resides in this region.

       

      No cooperation

      Wittes and Youngs, 8

      [Tamara, Brookings Center for Middle East Policy senior fellow, and Richard, FRIDE senior fellow, "Europe, the United States and Middle Eastern Democracy," paper presented at the International Studies Association Annual Convention, 3-26-2008, ebsco, accessed 6-2-11, mss]

       

      The Greater Middle East Initiative – AND  would suffer from being associated with more intensive (and aggressive) US activity.2

       

      Qatar Cp – 2AC

       

      US recognition is key-causes future support and sends a signal of SNC legitimacy which assures minorities-that’s Shakih.

       

      US leadership key to prevent spoilers.

      Badran, Foundation for Defense of Democracies research fellow, 9-29-11

      (Tony, “The Uncomfortable Reality in Syria”, http://www.defenddemocracy.org/media-hit/the-uncomfortable-reality-in-syria/, DOA: 10-8-11, ldg)

       

      But without a fallback plan, AND shy away from leadership, nor can it lose sight of its strategic objective: ensuring the demise of the Assad regime.

       

       

       

      Qatar’s approach fails and doesn’t shield the US

      Badran, Foundation for defense of democracy fellow, 11-3-11

      (Tony, “Qatar’s diplomatic dynamism”, http://www.nowlebanon.com/NewsArticleDetails.aspx?ID=329004&MID=0&PID=0, DOA: 11-7-11, ldg)

       

      The Qataris had tried to get AND yet another failure of US diplomacy.

       

      Plan’s democratic signal wrecks al Qaeda

      Gordon et al., CSIS transnational threats project program manager, 2011

      (David, “The Battle for Reform with Al-Qaeda”, Washington Quarterly, Summer, http://www.twq.com/11summer/docs/11summer_Zarate_Gordon.pdf, DOA: 10-16-11, ldg)

       

      If inadequate reform leads to ANDe change while assisting protesters.

       

      Terrorists won't use nuclear weapons- the risk of failure is too high

      Levi 07

      ( Michael A., CFR (Council for Foreign Relations) Science and Technology fellow, 4-13-07, "How Likely is a Nuclear Terrorist Attack on the United States?," http://www.cfr.org/publication/13097/how_likely_is_a_nuclear_terrorist_attack_on_the_united_states.html?breadcrumb=%2Fpublication%2Fby_type%2Fonline_debate)

       

      How likely is a nuclear terrorist AND less likely than many expect.

       

       

       

      Saudi-iran proxy war over Syria now

      Mead, Bard foreign affairs professor, 10-16-11

      (Walter, “Iran: Keeping The World’s Oddest Couple Together”, http://blogs.the-american-interest.com/wrm/2011/10/16/iran-keeping-the-worlds-oddest-couple-together/, DOA: 10-21-11, ldg)

       

      The same thing could be said about AND now beginning to wonder if they are being pushed aside.

       

      Draws in US, collapses the economy and escalates.

      Ghitis, World Politics review contributing editor, 2011

      (Frida, “World Citizen: Saudi Arabia and Iran Face Off in Bahrain”, 3-17, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8215/world-citizen-saudi-arabia-and-iran-face-off-in-bahrain, DOA: 10-21-11, ldg)

       

      If Saudi-Iranian friction were to spark AND with global proportions -- and Black Swan consequences.

       

      Plan Solves

      Ghadry, member of the Committee on the Present Danger, 2011

      (Farid, “Saudi Arabia: Keep Your Hands Off Syria”, Pajamas Media, 8-23, http://pajamasmedia.com/blog/saudi-arabia-keep-your-hands-off-syria/2/, DOA: 10-21-11, ldg)

       

      The one kingmaker Americans AND threaten the country’s future for generations to come.

       

       

      Shutdown Politics-2AC

       

      Uniqueness overwhelms- political suicide and hill consensus

      Newton-Small, Time, 11-4

      (Jay, "Here We Go Again," Time, 11-4-11, swampland.time.com/2011/11/04/here-we-go-again-congress-squabbling-over-budget-as-another-shutdown-looms/?iid=sl-main-mostpop2, accessed 11-12-11, mss)

       

      Usually outspoken members on the Hill AND functionality for an institution that has repeatedly proven its inefficacy this year.

       

      OR riders trigger the link

      Russert, MSNBC, 11-1

      (Luke, "Policy fights could mean another shutdown threat," MSNBC, 11-1-11, firstread.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2011/11/01/8584534-policy-fights-could-mean-another-shutdown-threat, accessed 11-12-11, mss)

       

      While the super committee and its Nov. 23 deadline AND they can’t face the facts: we aren’t going to get our economy moving again and create jobs until we get government spending under control.”

       

      Obama won’t push the plan- he’s in Asia and ignoring congress

      Brown, Politico, 11-11

      (Carrie, "Obama spurns Congress for Overseas," Politico, 11-11-11, www.politico.com/news/stories/1111/68168.html, accessed 11-12-11, mss)

       

      President Barack Obama left on a nine-day trip AND on the health care bill and once to deal with BP oil spill fallout. This time, his message to Congress is: You’re on your own.

       

      Solyndra thumps the link.

      Goldenberg, Guardian US News correspondent, 11-3

      (Suzanne, "Solyndra battle intensifies as Congress demands internal White House memos," Guardian, www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/nov/03/congress-demands-solyndra-memos?newsfeed=true, accessed 11-11-11, mss)

       

      Republican demands for communications about the AND2.4m on a 2012 campaign ad about the failed solar company.

       

      And education reform

      LA Times, 11-8-11

      (“Obama presses Congress on education, orders new Head Start rules”, http://articles.latimes.com/2011/nov/08/news/la-pn-obama-philadelphia-20111108, DOA: 11-12-11, ldg)

       

      Obama presses Congress on AND make liberal use of his bully pulpit.

       

      No impact to shutdown- all relevant employees and agencies will still be active

      Piltz, Climate Science Watch staff, 11

      (Rick, "A federal “shutdown” isn’t really a shutdown – but it does harm science and society," Climate Science Watch, www.climatesciencewatch.org/2011/03/03/a-federal-shutdown-isnt-really-a-shutdown/, accessed 11-12-11, mss)

       

      The Antideficiency Act AND nor the politicians will necessarily face any painful direct consequences for the harm done by their actions in provoking a shutdown.

       

      No impact to cyber-terror-multiple reasons.

      Walsh, Goldman Sachs Global Security Office, 2011

      (Ryan, “Cyberterrorism Trend Analysis”, 2-15, http://www.perspectivesonglobalissues.com/current/cyberterrorism-trend-analysis/, ldg)

       

      Experts estimate that hackers may AND violent strikes tend to succeed. As such, there is no inherent need for terrorists to innovate (See Appendix C).\

       

      Plan is bipart-Ford appointment proves

      CNN 10-4-11

      (“Senate unanimously approves Ford as U.S. ambassador to Syria”, http://articles.cnn.com/2011-10-04/politics/politics_senate-syrian-ambassador_1_bashar-syrian-people-syrian-opposition?_s=PM:POLITICS, DOA: 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      Overcoming initial opposition AND aspirations," State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland said at a briefing Tuesday.

      Money for the plan set aside

      McInerney, POMED executive director, 11

      (Stephen, Project on Middle East Democracy, "The Federal Budget and Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2012: Democracy, Governance, and Human Rights in the Middle East," July 2011, pomed.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/FY2012-Budget-Report-web.pdf, accessed 9-2-11, mss)

       

      The administration has wisely AND able to respond quickly to unexpected developments and opportunities.  

       

      Winner win

      Singer, MyDD editor, 9

      (Jonathan, "By Expending Capital, Obama Grows His Capital," My Direct Democracy, 3-3-9, http://www.mydd.com/story/2009/3/3/191825/0428, accessed 11-11-9, mss)

       

      From the latest NBC News-Wall Street Journal survey:   AND opposition of the Republicans on Capitol Hill, and is being rewarded by the American public as a result.

       

      Turkey DA-2AC

       

       

      Turkey won’t act absent the US

      Aydintasbas, Milliyet columnist, 10-5-11

      (Asli, “Turkey's New Policy on Syria”, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=3406, DOA: 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      At the same time, Turkey is convinced that AND decisive policy toward its increasingly unstable neighbor.

       

      Turkey has no credibility or Mid-east influence

      Cook, CFR Hasib J. Sabbagh Middle Eastern Studies senior fellow, 11

      [Steven, Council on Foreign Relations, "Arab Spring, Turkish Fall," Foreign Policy, 5-5-11, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/05/05/arab_spring_turkish_fall, accessed 8-1-11, mss]

       

      Yet five months into the turmoil buffeting the Arab world, it is hard to AND leader to which Ankara has aspired.

       

       

      No risk of war in Europe- lessons learned

      Yardley, Washington Post staff writer (citing Stanford history professor James Sheehan), 2008

      [Jonathan, "Where have all the soldiers gone," Washington Post, www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/01/10/AR2008011003628.html, accessed 2-6-11, mss]

       

      Maybe the war to end all wars -- AND just maybe, they know more than we do.

       

       

      Turkey doesn’t solve- lacks leverage and wouldn’t use it

      Cook, CFR Hasib J. Sabbagh Middle Eastern Studies senior fellow, 11

      [Steven, Council on Foreign Relations, "Unholy Alliance," The Atlantic, 5-9-11, blogs.cfr.org/cook/2011/05/09/unholy-alliance-on-theatlantic-com/, accessed 8-1-11, mss]

       

      Finally, the Turks find themselves in the AND abandon their man in Damascus.

       




11/15/11

  • Wake-Round 4-Northwestern BM-2AC

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • T-Can’t Pick Parties-2AC

       

      2. DA can support opposition groups

      Carothers, Carnegie vice president for studies, 2009

      (Thomas, “Democracy Assistance: Political vs. Developmental?”, Journal of Democracy. January, http://pomed.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/carothers-democracy_assistance-political_vs_developmental.pdf, DOA: 10-22-11, ldg)

       

      Method of supporting democracy: In this AND  media trying to broaden access to political information.

       

      3. DA is technical transfers

      Burnell, Warwick International studies professor, 2007

      (Peter, “Does International Democracy Promotion Work?”, http://www.die-gdi.de/CMS-Homepage/openwebcms3.nsf/(ynDK_contentByKey)/ADMR-7BRF46/$FILE/BurnellPromotionWork.pdf, DOA: 10-22-11, ldg)

       

      All things considered, however, there is a shortage of AND border with attempts to create better governance and, beyond that, improvements in public policy for things like managing the economy.

       

      Four categories-we are number 4

      Carothers, director of the Democracy and Rule of Law Program, 2009 

      (Thomas, “Revitalizing U.S. Democracy  Assistance the challenge of USAID, 10-29, http://www.carnegieendowment.org/files/revitalizing_democracy_assistance.pdf, ldg)

       

      USAID’s democracy and governance AND, and democratic consensus building.

       

      Orientalism K-2AC

       

      2. Their orientalism links are essentialist-makes them inevitable. Aff is key to stop atrocities.

      Ahadi et al., International Commmittees against Execution and Stoning founder, 2011

      (Mina, “The Arab Spring is not a 'Black' Spring: Open Letter to Ayaan Hirsi Ali from Mina Ahadi and Maryam Namazie”, 7-26, http://maryamnamazie.blogspot.com/2011/07/arab-spring-is-not-black-spring-open.html, DOA: 11-4-11, ldg)

       

      At the same time, though, today, there are AND Islamism. We must help mobilise support and solidarity for a secular, modern and human Middle East and North Africa. 

       

       

      4. Critiques of representation don’t change Middle East Policy

      Colla, Watson Institute for International Studies Middle East Studies director, 2003

      (Elliott, “Power, knowledge, and investment: United States foreign policy in the Middle East and the US public sphere”, Postcolonial Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, ebsco, ldg)

       

      How might the arguments of Epic Encounters help us AND not ever relinquish or transform them, even when they fail to explain the things they are supposed to explain

       

      5. Zero risk of intervention

      Youngs et al., FRIDE Democratisation programme coordinator, 2006

      (Richard, “Democracy Promotion and the European Left: Ambivalence Confused?”, December, http://www.fride.org/publication/19/democracy-promotion-and-the-european-left:-ambivalence-confused, DOA: 9-23-11, ldg)

       

      The left needs to get beyond AND back towards a Westphalian view of international relations, reversing the evolution in its own internal debates during the 1990s.

       

      The role of the ballot is to simulate enactment of the plan. That’s the most productive way to engage Mid East politics

      Heydemann, former Columbia political science professor, 2002

      (Steven, “Defending the Discipline,” Journal of Democracy Vol. 13, No. 3, project muse, ldg)

       

      Though Kramer's book is severely flawed, 2 the larger question remains: AND in the Middle East during the course of the 1990s.

       

      The K doesn’t disprove our truth claims – Mid East scholarship is broad and reflexive – it can effectively integrate critique

      Lockman, NYU Islamic Studies department chair, 2005

      (Zachary, “Critique from the Right: The Neo-conservative Assault on Middle East Studies,” The New Centennial Review 5.1, project muse, ldg)

       

      It may be too soon to tell, but from the vantage point of the AND and dynamics of change that affected large stretches of Eurasia.

       

      Assigning all responsibility to US involvement delimits engagement borne of responsibility to reverse the most urgent contests for violence and aggression

      Halliday, London School of Economics IR professor, 1999

      (Fred, “The Middle East at the Millennial Turn”, http://www.merip.org/mer/mer213/middle-east-millennial-turn, DOA: 8-17-11, ldg)

       

      Recent developments in the Middle East and the AND practices within the Middle East.

       

      Condition Plan on Minority Representaiton CP-2AC

       

      1. SNC lacks experience now-training is key to boost their cred.

      AP 10-28-11

      (“Syrian opposition struggles to unite with no leadership on the ground”, http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/10/28/174245.html, DOA: 11-6-11, ldg)

       

      Seven months on, the opposition is struggling AND, who returned to Washington this week over security concerns.

       

       

      3. Plan creates an alternative to Assad that will protect minority rights-sufficient to solve. 

      Toraifi, Al Majalla Editor-in-Chief, 2011

      (Adel, “Adel Al Toraifi: Syria on the road of chaos”, 8-12, http://english.alarabiya.net/views/2011/08/12/161931.html, DOA: 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      President Bashar and his regime are not likely AND in the eyes of the [Baathist] party and sectarian [elements].

       

      Syrian opposition will be inclusive-condition not necessary.

      Weiss et al., Henry Jackson Society Communications and Public Relations director, 2011

      (Michael, “The Syrian opposition: Political analysis with original testimony from key figures”, http://www.henryjacksonsociety.org/cms/harriercollectionitems/The+Syrian+opposition.pdf, DOA; 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      The Syrian opposition is the most Western-ANDblackouts and continue the uninterrupted documentation of regime atrocities and human rights abuses

       

      Resolution say should not shall

      Atlas Collaboration 1999

      (“Use of shall, should, may can,” http://rd13doc.cern.ch/Atlas/DaqSoft/sde/inspect/shall.html, ldg)

       

      shall 'shall' describes something AND (to say nothing of defining what  'thoroughly' means).

       

       

      Payroll DA-2AC

       

       

      Won’t pass

      Stein, writer for Huffington Post, 11/10

      [Sam, November 10, 2011, “On Payroll Tax Cut, Obama Administration Plotting Year-End Showdown”, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/11/10/payroll-tax-cut-obama-administration-year-end-showdown_n_1086761.html, 11/11/11, atl]

       

      The simpler legislative route for the White AND to the economy) to doing that again.

       

      Doesn’t solve the econ

      Bartlett, held senior policy roles in the Reagan and Bush administrations, 11

      [Bruce, August, 30, 2011, “The Case against a Payroll Tax Cut”, http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/08/30/the-case-against-a-payroll-tax-cut/, 11/11/11, atl]

       

      It’s rare for Republicans to find a tax cut ANDl Security’s long-term finances.

       

      No war.

      Barnett, columnist for World Politics Review, 9

      (Thomas P.M. “The New Rules: Security Remains Stable Amid Financial Crisis,” World Politics Review, 8/252009, http://www.aprodex.com/the-new-rules--security-remains-stable-amid-financial-crisis-398-bl.aspx, 9-26-11, zml)

       

      So, to sum up: No significant uptick in AND. That's what the Internet is for.  

       

      China, Asia and Europe all collapse the economy.

      Evans-Pritchard, The Telegraph international business editor, 11-10

      (Ambrose, "New recession threatens the globe as debt crisis grows," The Telegraph, www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financialcrisis/8882524/New-recession-threatens-the-globe-as-debt-crisis-grows.html, accessed 11-12-11, mss)

       

      New recession threatens the globe as debt crisis grows

      Europe's escalating debt crisis has cast a AND cross-border loans to emerging markets.

       

       

      Obama won’t push the plan- he’s in Asia and ignoring congress

      Brown, Politico, 11-11

      (Carrie, "Obama spurns Congress for Overseas," Politico, 11-11-11, www.politico.com/news/stories/1111/68168.html, accessed 11-12-11, mss)

       

      President Barack Obama left on a AND: You’re on your own.

       

      GOP won’t give Obama a win

      New York Times 11-6-11

      (“The Next Fight Over Jobs”, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/07/opinion/the-next-fight-over-jobs.html, DOA: 11-12-11, ldg)

       

      Tragically, the more entrenched the ANDin the months ahead

       

       

      Solyndra thumps the link.

      Goldenberg, Guardian US News correspondent, 11-3

      (Suzanne, "Solyndra battle intensifies as Congress demands internal White House memos," Guardian, www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/nov/03/congress-demands-solyndra-memos?newsfeed=true, accessed 11-11-11, mss)

       

      Republican demands for communications about the solar company could AND campaign ad about the failed solar company.

       

      And education reform

      LA Times, 11-8-11

      (“Obama presses Congress on education, orders new Head Start rules”, http://articles.latimes.com/2011/nov/08/news/la-pn-obama-philadelphia-20111108, DOA: 11-12-11, ldg)

       

      Obama presses Congress on AND

       

      Plan is bipart-Ford appointment proves

      CNN 10-4-11

      (“Senate unanimously approves Ford as U.S. ambassador to Syria”, http://articles.cnn.com/2011-10-04/politics/politics_senate-syrian-ambassador_1_bashar-syrian-people-syrian-opposition?_s=PM:POLITICS, DOA: 10-13-11, ldg)

       

      Overcoming initial opposition to his AND," State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland said at a briefing Tuesday.

       

       

      Money for the plan set aside

      McInerney, POMED executive director, 11

      (Stephen, Project on Middle East Democracy, "The Federal Budget and Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2012: Democracy, Governance, and Human Rights in the Middle East," July 2011, pomed.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/FY2012-Budget-Report-web.pdf, accessed 9-2-11, mss)

       

      The administration has wisely budgeted AND to respond quickly to unexpected developments and opportunities.  

       

      Winner win

      Singer, MyDD editor, 9

      (Jonathan, "By Expending Capital, Obama Grows His Capital," My Direct Democracy, 3-3-9, http://www.mydd.com/story/2009/3/3/191825/0428, accessed 11-11-9, mss)

       

      From the latest NBC News-Wall Street Journal AND opposition of the Republicans on Capitol Hill, and is being rewarded by the American public as a result.

       

      Civil War DA – 2AC

       

      Assad makes Syrian civil war inevitable-that will spark regional instability and war with Israel.

      Yacoubian, US Institute of Peace Middle East senior program officer, 10-5-11

      (Mona, “Saving Syria from civil war”, http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/10/05/saving_syria_from_civil_war, DOA: 10-8-11, ldg)

       

      As Syria's uprising lurches toward its seventh month, AND, particularly as the prospects for a civil war rise. These potential fissures must be closely monitored and encouraged.




11/15/11

  • Wake-Round 5-WGU DF-2AC

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    •  

      Combining multiple strategies is the best approach to overcoming the contingency of identity and political committments which fractures coalitions to solve oppression.

      Roithmayr, Illinois law professor, 2001

      (Daria, “ARTICLE: Left (Over) Rights”, 5 LTC 407, lexis, ldg)

       

      This essay has proposed that rights talk ANDto advance our vision of social change.

       

      Accepting beliefs, even if incommensurable, is vital to form a coalition against violence

      Butler, , Bloomfield College assistant sociology professor, 2004

      [Judith, Precarious Life: The Power of Mourning and Violence, 48-9, mss]

       

      We could have several engaged AND our vulnerability, affiliation, and collective resistance?

       

       

      Specificity outweighs-sweeping critiques of imperialism do not disprove our truth claims.

      Kratochwil, European University Institute IR professor, 2009

      (Friedrich, The Puzzle of Politics, pg 200-3, ldg)

       

      In what follows, I claim that the shift in focus from “AND advertising agencies, “new and improved” versions of familiar products.

       

      White supremacy isn’t a monolithic root cause---proximate causes determined through empirics are more likely---and their arg shuts off productive debate over solutions 

      Shelby 7 – Tommie Shelby, Professor of African and African American Studies and of Philosophy at Harvard, 2007, We Who Are Dark: The Philosophical Foundations of Black Solidarity

       

      Others might challenge the distinction AND (such as immigration policy or reduced federal funding for higher education).

       

       

      And our political strategy must include the state- standing outside risks exclusion

      Krause et al., Oxford philosophy professor, 1997

      (Keith, “Critical security studies: concepts and cases”, xv-xvi, ldg)

       

      These and other critical perspectives AND capable actor in contemporary world politics

       

       

      Liberal democracy key to left-wing project, rights, radical principles- alternative leads to violence/disaster

      Mouffe, University of Westminster politics and IR professor, 92

      (Chantal, “Democratic Politics Today,” in Dimensions of Radical Democracy: Pluralism, Citizenship, Community, ed. by Chantal Mouffe, 1992, 1-3, mss)

       

      On the eve of the twenty-first century, amid the AND that construe modern democracy and define our identity as citizens?

       

       

      Small scale action doesn’t spillover-cedes legal power to reactionary forces

      Lobel, University of San Diego law professor, 2007

      (Orly, “ARTICLE: THE PARADOX OF EXTRALEGAL ACTIVISM: CRITICAL LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND TRANSFORMATIVE POLITICS”, February, 120 Harv. L. Rev. 937, lexis, ldg)

       

      Both the practical failures and the fallacy of rigid ANDlegitimated through a process of self-mystification.

       

      Appeals to ideals like the alternative.  leads to paralysis by always deeming action insufficient. Prefer positive changes based off pragmatic action.

      Sikknik, Minnesota political science professor, 2008

      (Kathryn, “The Role of Consequences, Comparison, and Counterfactuals in Constructivist, Ethical Thought”, http://www.polisci.umn.edu/centers/theory/pdf/sikkink.pdf, ldg)

       

      Ethical arguments of these different types are AND can be political paralysis. One finds it difficult to act.

       

      Militarization-violent revolutions require the most violent leaders who will never relinquish power, diffuse violence throughout all aspects of society, and destroy deliberation

      Ryan, U of Ulster Senior Lecturer Peace and Conflict Studies, 96

      (Stephen, The Politics of Difference, p. 145-146) atw

       

      The existence of a violent conflict AND the sense of fear in the other communities in the conflict, it may actually contribute to the continuation of insecurity.

       

      Even if the plan never happens-our objective should be to be critical intellectuals which empirically have changed government stategy-Cold war proves.

      Jones, Aberystwyth International politics professor, 1999

      (Richard, Security, Strategy, and Critical Theory, p. 155-163, ldg)

       

      The central political task of the intellectuals is to AND act as both an inspiration and a challenge to critical security studies.

       

      Academic debate over policy issues like the response to the Arab Spring is critical to improve policymaking

      Walt, Harvard International Affairs professor, 2011

      (Stephen, “International Affairs and the Public Sphere”, 7-21, http://publicsphere.ssrc.org/walt-international-affairs-and-the-public-sphere/, DOA: 9-23-11, ldg)

       

      Academics can make at least three distinct AND and theories to help us understand a complex and changing world.[8]

       

      It reduces clash of civilization discourse.

      Telhami, Maryland peace and development professor, 2005

      (Shibley, “Democracy: Rising Tide or Mirage” Middle East Policy Vol 12 Issue 2, http://www.mepc.org/journal/middle-east-policy-archives/democracy-rising-tide-or-mirage, DOA: 10-24-11, ldg)

       

      Whatever the intent of the AND of the clash on the other side.

       

      The assumption the perm co-opts the alt poisons political space and makes coalitions impossible

      Johnson, UC Davis Law and Chicana/o Studies professor, 2003

      [Kevin, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, University of California at Davis, Professor of Law and Chicana/o Studies; Director, Chicana/o Studies Program (2000-01); A.B., University of California, Berkeley; J.D., Harvard University, Louisiana Law Review, "The Struggle for Civil Rights: The Need for, and Impediments to, Political Coalitions Among and Within Minority Groups," 63 La. L. Rev. 759, Spring, l/n, accessed 2-23-10, mss]

       

      In zero sum games, groups fear conflict and AND a scarce resource to be allocated among groups.

       

      B. Coalitions are necessary to solve their impact- our evidence is comparative- it’s worth the risk of co-option

      Johnson, UC Davis Law and Chicana/o Studies professor, 2003

      [Kevin, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, University of California at Davis, Professor of Law and Chicana/o Studies; Director, Chicana/o Studies Program (2000-01); A.B., University of California, Berkeley; J.D., Harvard University, Louisiana Law Review, "The Struggle for Civil Rights: The Need for, and Impediments to, Political Coalitions Among and Within Minority Groups," 63 La. L. Rev. 759, Spring, l/n, accessed 2-23-10, mss]

       

      In recent works, prominent commentators, such as Lani Guinier, AND, but moral and ethical struggle as well." n49

       

      C. Allied pessimism turns the impact to co-option

      Trainor, University of Pittsburgh assistant English and Education professor, 2002

      [Jennifer Seibel, "Critical Pedagogy's "Other": Constructions of Whiteness in Education for Social," College Composition and Communication, Urbana: Vol 53 No 4, June, Proquest, accessed 2-20-2010, mss]

       

      The student who resists or rejects critical perspectives AND subtle forms of racist denial in white students.

       




11/15/11

  • Wake-Round 8-Georgetown AM-2AC

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    •  

      Case-2AC

       

      They like the West

      Choksy et al., Indian Strategic Intelligence and Information Management  adjunct lecturer, 9-29-11

      (Carol, “The Syrian Opposition: A Strategic Analysis”, http://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/the-syrian-opposition-a-strategic-analysis, DOA: 10-8-11, ldg)

       

      Nor are anti-Western AND regime change there.

       

       

      Prolonged instability causes Turkish invasion

      Cagaptay, Washington Institute Turkish Research Program director, 11

      [Soner, Ph.D. from Yale University, visiting professor at Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service, "What If Turkey Invaded Syria?" Hurriyet Daily News, 7-10-11, www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC06.php?CID=1672, accessed 8-1-11, mss]

       

      Turkish-Syrian ties are unraveling. ANDintervention would nearly revolutionize the AKP's regional agenda.

       

      Draws in NATO and escalates to global war

      The American Dream, 11

      ("Could we Actually See a war between Syria and Turkey," 6-28-11, endoftheamericandream.com/archives/could-we-actually-see-a-war-between-syria-and-turkey, accessed 9-26-11, mss)

       

      In recent days, there have been persistent rumors that we could AND is going to snap. When it does, let us just hope that World War III does not erupt as a result.

       

      T-Gov to Gov-2AC

       

      1. We meet-we give Democracy assistance for Syria because that is the country SNC is affiliated with.

       

      For means on behalf of

      Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Law, 1996

      ["For," http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/for, accessed 8-1-10, mss]

       

      Main Entry: for

      Function: preposition

      1 :  because of

      for vagueness>

      2 : on behalf of :

      as the representative of for petitioner>

       

      2. DA can support opposition groups

      Carothers, Carnegie vice president for studies, 2009

      (Thomas, “Democracy Assistance: Political vs. Developmental?”, Journal of Democracy. January, http://pomed.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/carothers-democracy_assistance-political_vs_developmental.pdf, DOA: 10-22-11, ldg)

       

      Method of supporting democracy: In this AND media trying to broaden access to political information.

       

      Four categories-we are number 4

      Carothers, director of the Democracy and Rule of Law Program, 2009

      (Thomas, “Revitalizing U.S. Democracy  Assistance the challenge of USAID, 10-29, http://www.carnegieendowment.org/files/revitalizing_democracy_assistance.pdf, ldg)

       

      USAID’s democracy and governance AND political parties, and democratic consensus building.

       

      Aid doesn’t have to be government to government

      Carothers, Carnegie vice president for studies, 2000

      (Thomas, American democracy promotion: impulses, strategies and impacts, pg 191, ldg)

       

      The term 'aid' conjures up the idea of AND International, Development Associates Inc., Creative Associates, Checchi & Co., PACT, and World Learning.

       

      Unemployment DA-2AC

       

      China, Asia and Europe all collapse the economy.

      Evans-Pritchard, The Telegraph international business editor, 11-10

      (Ambrose, "New recession threatens the globe as debt crisis grows," The Telegraph, www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financialcrisis/8882524/New-recession-threatens-the-globe-as-debt-crisis-grows.html, accessed 11-12-11, mss)

       

      New recession threatens the globe as debt AND2.5 trillion cross-border loans to emerging markets.

       

      Economic shock doesn’t cause war

      Miller, Centre on Governance professor University of Ottawa, 2000

      (Morris, “Poverty as a Cause of Wars?”, http://www.management.uottawa.ca/miller/poverty.htm, ldg)

       

      It seems reasonable to believe that a AND (thereby using one form of violence to abort another.)

       

       

      It will pass inevitably as a rider or will stand alone and fail.

      Needham, writer for the Hill, 11/6

      [Vicki, November 6, 2011, “Lawmakers face new fight over extending unemployment benefits”, http://thehill.com/blogs/on-the-money/801-economy/192017-lawmakers-face-heated-battle-over-extending-jobless-benefits, 11/12/11, atl]

       

      Congress is expected to pass a yearlong extension of AND an extension of benefits.

       

      No impact – too many not eligible for more benefits & state cutbacks

      Dayen, writer at firedoglake, 11

      [David, November 8, 2011, “Unemployment Extension, If It Happens, Will Be Paid For”, http://news.firedoglake.com/2011/11/08/unemployment-extension-if-it-happens-will-be-paid-for/, 11/12/11, atl]

       

      In addition, there’s the realization that merely AND blunt its impact. And that’s the opening bid for this negotiation.

       

      Won’t pass- GOP scorched-earth policy is to deny Obama wins at all costs

      Braxton, 11-7

      (Charlie, "Commentary: The GOP’s Scorched-Earth Policy Against Obama," BET, 11-7-11, www.bet.com/news/politics/2011/11/07/commentary-the-gop-s-scorched-earth-policy-against-obama.html, accessed 11-9-11, mss)

       

      Commentary: The GOP’s Scorched-Earth Policy Against Obama AND any kind of opportunity to be successful.”

       

      Obama won’t push- he’s campaigning; avoiding congress

      Sherman, Politico, 11-2

      (Jake, "Boehner: Obama disengaged with Congress," Politico, 11-2-11, l/n, accessed 11-11-11, mss)

       

      Speaker John Boehner told a closed meeting of House AND the White House doesn't completely disagree. They've moved onto executive orders of late, campaigning against Congress.

       

       

      Massive GOP backlash now- Keystone XL pipeline

      Dennis, Roll Call staff, 11-10

      (Steven, "Obama’s Pipeline Delay Earns Boehner Rebuke," Roll Call, 11-10-11, www.rollcall.com/news/obamas_pipeline_delay_earns_boehner_rebuke-210233-1.html?pos=hftxt, accessed 11-13-11, mss)

       

      The announcement today by the Obama AND to avoid upsetting the President’s political base before the election. It’s a failure of leadership.”

       

      Plan is massively popular- both sides support regime change

      Politico 2011

      (“Obama Almost Wins Over Hill on Syria”, http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0811/61658.html, DOA: 10-21-11, ldg)

       

      President Barack Obama almost caught a breakANDand Assad’s brutalization of his own people in Syria are extremely alarming and reflect a long history of anti-American hostility.”

       

      Money for the plan set aside

      McInerney, POMED executive director, 11

      (Stephen, Project on Middle East Democracy, "The Federal Budget and Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2012: Democracy, Governance, and Human Rights in the Middle East," July 2011, pomed.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/FY2012-Budget-Report-web.pdf, accessed 9-2-11, mss)

       

      The administration has wisely AND to respond quickly to unexpected developments and opportunities.  

       

      Winner win

      Singer, MyDD editor, 9

      (Jonathan, "By Expending Capital, Obama Grows His Capital," My Direct Democracy, 3-3-9, http://www.mydd.com/story/2009/3/3/191825/0428, accessed 11-11-9, mss)

       

      From the latest NBC News-Wall Street Journal survey:   Despite the AND opposition of the Republicans on Capitol Hill, and is being rewarded by the American public as a result.

       

      Qatar CP-2AC

       

      Afghanistan instability doesn’t spillover- these predictions are unfounded and historically inaccurate- AND indigenous groups will pro-actively defend themselves against external threats

      Silverman, Ph.D. in international relations, 11-19-2009

      [Jerry, as a Ford Foundation Project Specialist was involuntarily transferred from Saigon to Bangkok just days before the arrival of North Vietnamese forces in April 1975, "Sturdy Dominos," http://www.nationalinterest.org/Article.aspx?id=22512, accessed 11-19-9, ATW and MSS]

       

      Many advocates of continuing or racheting up our presence in AND, to establish centralized state authority there.

       

       

      Leading from behind doesn’t solve the AFF

      Hulett, Knox political science professor, 2011

      (Richard, “Sue Hulett: Has Obama abandoned global leadership?”, 9-3, http://www.galesburg.com/newsnow/x1638741805/Sue-Hulett-Has-Obama-abandoned-global-leadership, DOA: 10-21-11, ldg)

       

      We also know a bit more about Obama’s semi-idealist (AND confusion about the occasional necessity of American leadership on behalf of promoting democracy and liberty.

       

      US leadership key to prevent spoilers.

      Badran, Foundation for Defense of Democracies research fellow, 9-29-11

      (Tony, “The Uncomfortable Reality in Syria”, http://www.defenddemocracy.org/media-hit/the-uncomfortable-reality-in-syria/, DOA: 10-8-11, ldg)

       

      But without a fallback plan, Washington is only reacting AND. The administration cannot shy away from leadership, nor can it lose sight of its strategic objective: ensuring the demise of the Assad regime.

       

       

      Links to politics

      Reuters 2011

      (“Obama seeks to ease doubts on global leadership”, 9-21, mobile.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUSTRE78K39V20110921, DOA: 11-10-11, ldg)

       

      Foreign policy has slipped down his policy AND U.S. global prestige.

       

      Tax Credit CP – 2AC

       

      Private foreign aid is controversial- makes US look stingy- doesn’t capture link turns

      Adelman, Hudson Institute senior fellow, 3

      (Carol, served as a career foreign service officer for ten years and as an assistant administrator from 1988-1993 at the Agency for International Development, "Foreign Affairs: The Privatization of Foreign Aid," 11-1-3, www.hudson.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=publication_details&id=3479, accessed 10-1-11, mss)

       

      But even as Washington reemphasizes AND, it is private money that is making the difference.

       

      Privitization doesn’t solve because it creates too many donors AND links to politics because Congress wants to control the money

      Garrett, CFR Global health senior fellow 2009

      (Laurie, “The Future of Foreign Assistance Amid Global Economic and Financial Crisis”, January, http://www.cfr.org/global-governance/future-foreign-assistance-amid-global-economic-financial-crisis/p18167, DOA: 9-30-11, ldg)

       

      Beyond the question of what America AND

       

      Private assistance shatters U.S. credibility

      Dobransky, Cleveland state political science professor, 2011

      (Steve, “The Coming Crisis in U.S. Foreign Aid: Policy Options for the 21st Century”, American Diplomacy, 3-7, http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/item/2011/0104/comm/dobransky_coming.html, DOA: 9-30-11, ldg)

       

      The argument against privatized foreign aid is AND U.S. government and foreign aid establishment. Just witness the government’s experience with the contractor Blackwater (now, Xe).

       

       

       

      Russia DA – 2AC

       

      Russia relations are resilient-crises are fueled by domestic politics but never cause long term damage

      McDowell, Oxford IR doctoral candidate, 2011

      (Daragh, “Don't Sweat the Russia 'Reset'”, 8-22, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/9837/dont-sweat-the-russia-reset, DOA: 10-21-11, ldg)

       

      In recent weeks, pundits, diplomats and AND as little as possible and avoid doing any lasting damage that can't be easily repaired.

       

      The reset has failed, US and Russia can’t cooperate and there is no impact if they don’t

      Fly, Foreign Policy initiative executive director, 10-10-11

      (Jamie, “Time to Abandon ‘Reset’?”, http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/279602/time-abandon-reset-jamie-m-fly, DOA: 10-21-11, ldg)

       

      Putin’s return should serve as a wakeup call for President AND. . . . We will continue to build on the progress of the reset whoever serves as the next president of Russia.”

       

      Russia will use instability to undermine US-that will cause miscalc and draw in.

      Laquer, CSIS International Research Council chair, 2008

      (Walter, “Russia and the Middle East”, 8-17, http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/mesh/2008/08/russia_and_the_middle_east/, DOA: 9-10-11, ldg)

       

      The main aim will be to weaken America’s AND such as those in the Middle East. This could open the door to serious miscalculations.

       

      Putin solved Chechnya terrorism

      Dannreuther, International Affairs, 10

      (Roland, head of the department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Westminster, "Islamic radicalization in Russia: an Assessment", accessed 07-7-11, AT)

       

      The question posed at the start of this article was whether AND formally recognized Muslims in Russia as an integral part of the Russian state and its national development.

       

      No Russia war

      Thomas Graham , senior advisor on Russia in the US National Security Council staff 2002-2007, September 2007 , ("Russia in Global Affairs” July - September 2007, The Dialectics of Strength and Weakness An astute historian of Russia, AND long-term relations with Russia. )jwa

       

      An astute historian of Russia, Martin Malia, wrote several AND which we are at odds with Russia while laying the basis for more constructive long-term relations with Russia.

       

      Coercion DA-2AC

       

      Plan boosts freedom in Syria-it is a net increaes

       

      Government intervention key to rights

      Holmes et al., NYU law professor, 1999

      (Stephen, “The cost of rights: why liberty depends on taxes”, pg 19, ldg)

       

      Rights are ordinarily enforced in functioning and AND and able to intervene, rights remain a hollow promise and at present place no burdens on any public treasury.

       

      Ethical policymaking must be grounded in consequences

      Isaac, political science professor Indiana University, 2002

      (Jeffrey, “Ends, Means, and Politics, Dissent Magazine, Spring 2002, ldg)

       

      Power is not a dirty word or an unfortunate feature of the AND political effectiveness.

       




11/15/11

  • Pitt RR 1-UTD-2AC

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND- Hell by definition outweighs any imaginable earthly suffering- focusing on salvation is an a priori obligation (% class="MsoNormal" %) Clark, Eastern Baptist Theological Seminary graduate, 10 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Fred, former managing editor of Prism magazine, "The Logic of Hell," 1-18-10, www.patheos.com/blogs/slacktivist/2010/01/18/tf-the-logic-of-hell/, accessed 1-15-12, mss) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) If you accept the premise of AND determination that is almost admirable. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) T- Substantial (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~1. We meet-we don’t give any aid to Christians in the status quo- that’s Werthmuller (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) 2. substantial is determined by context. (% class="MsoNormal" %) Words & Phrases, Vol. 40A, 2002, p. 464. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) "Substantial" is a relative term, AND matter in reference to which the expression has been used. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) 3. substantial is considerable it’s not quantifiable (% class="MsoNormal" %) Klein, JD University of Oregon College of Law, 2002 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Douglas, “DOES BUCKHANNON APPLY? AN ANALYSIS OF JUDICIAL APPLICATION AND EXTENSION OF THE SUPREME COURT DECISION EIGHTEEN MONTHS AFTER AND BEYOND”, Fall, 2002, (% class="MsoNormal" %) 13 Duke Envtl. L. & Pol'y F. 99, lexis, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Because the base term "AND difficult to attain such status. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Civil society is topical (% class="MsoNormal" %) Huber, Jerusalem IR professor, 2008 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Daniela, “Democracy Assistance in the Middle East and North Africa: A Comparison of US and EU Policies”, Mediterranean Politics, Vol. 13, No. 1, March, ebsco, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The term democracy assistance AND, responsive, and accountable. (USAID, 2005: 4) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Four categories-we meet (% class="MsoNormal" %) Finkel et al., Pittsburgh political science professor, 2008 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Steve, “What has the United States Been Doing?”, Journal of Democracy 19.2 (2008) 150-159, project muse, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) It is often said that Western donors are AND decentralization and local government. (% class="MsoNormal" %) T- Substantial (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Topical education- Copts rights is the core of the topic (% class="MsoNormal" %) Werthmuller, Hudson Institute's Center for Religious Freedom research fellow, 11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Kurt, "What Do the Copts Mean for the Arab Spring?," Huffington Post, 11-7-11, www.huffingtonpost.com/kurt-j-werthmuller/coptic-christians-and-the-arab-spring_b_1080808.html, accessed 1-18-12, mss) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) What Do the Copts Mean for the AND, rather than become its victims- as many fear has already begun to happen. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Gender K – 2AC (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) 2. There are some definite, objective truths and we know them- case makes the K irrelevant. (% class="MsoNormal" %) Penfold, WebTruth editor, 5 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Michael, Managing Director at Penfold Book & Bible House Ltd., "Postmodernism," 8-18-5, www.webtruth.org/articles/cultural-issues-26/postmodernism-35.html, accessed 1-15-12, mss) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The Christian must continue to AND is still the God-ordained way. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) 4. Urgency of spreading the Gospel outweighs (% class="MsoNormal" %) Thompson, Ph.D. student in Religious Ethics, Yale University, 11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Andrew, "Proclaiming the Good News," 16.3, mcsletstalk.org/16.3/thompson/, accessed 1-9-12, mss) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) That both the Gospel at the heart of AND. And the world desperately needs to hear it. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Their author says it solves. (% class="MsoNormal" %) Handrahan, American university adjunct professor, 2001 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (L.M., “Gendering Ethnicity in Kyrgyzstan: Forgotten Elements in Promoting Peace and Democracy”, Gender and Development, Vol. 9, No. 3, JSTOR, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) USAlD's development assistance ANDpreventing ethnic conflict. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Assistance can be changed for the better. (% class="MsoNormal" %) McKelvey, Newsweek correspondent, 2011 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Tara, “The Abandonment of Democracy Promotion”, The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 13, Issue 3, June 2011, http:~/~/www.icnl.org/knowledge/ijnl/vol13iss3/special_2.html , DOA: 9-12-11, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) On the far left, where the work of Noam Chomsky is admired, AND are counting on American support in their struggle for freedom, there are signs that President Obama will not be there for them. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Zero empirical correlation between ‘innate drives’ or ‘social institutions’ and war (% class="MsoNormal" %) Sharp, Professor of Law Georgetown University, 2008 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Walter, “Democracy and Deterrence Foundations for an Enduring World Peace”, May 2008, [[http:~~/~~/aupress.au.af..mil/Books/sharp/Sharp.pdf>>http://aupress.au.af..mil/Books/sharp/Sharp.pdf]], ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) While classical liberals focused on political AND war must address these individuals. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Gender K – 2AC (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Got to have a policy alternative. (% class="MsoNormal" %) Gunnng, deputy director of the Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and Contemporary Political Violence at the University of Wales 2007 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Jeroen, “A Case for Critical Terrorism Studies?” Government and Opposition Volume 42 Issue 3, ebsco, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The notion of emancipation also AND in the term 'critical', nor can it be uncritically universalist without betraying its 'critical' commitment. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) India CP (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) No war- economic realities, political actors, and lessons learned- Mumbai proves (% class="MsoNormal" %) Chu and King, Times Staff writers, 2008 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Henry and Laura, December 6, "India, Pakistan keep lid on tensions," [[http:~~/~~/articles.latimes.com/2008/dec/06/world/fg-indiapakistan6>>http://articles.latimes.com/2008/dec/06/world/fg-indiapakistan6]], accessed 10-13-10, ADS] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Hostility between India and Pakistan is at its worst AND same script [as 2001-02], they'll be mistaken." (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Obama action is key (% class="MsoNormal" %) Hedgecock, former San Diego mayor, 12-15 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Roger, nationally syndicated talk-show host, "A Christian Nation Must Defend Christians," WND, 12-25-12, www.wnd.com/2011/12/381309/, accessed 1-17-12, mss) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) President Barack Obama, in one of his first statements overseas, AND, or has he abandoned minority Christians in Muslim majority countries to the bloodbath now getting underway? (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Military CP (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Unconditional military aid cut is bad. (% class="MsoNormal" %) Malka, CSIS Middle East program senior fellow, 2011 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Haim, “Military Aid to Egypt: A Critical Link”, 2-4, [[http:~~/~~/www.huffingtonpost.com/haim-malka/military-aid-to-egypt-a-c_b_818818.html>>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/haim-malka/military-aid-to-egypt-a-c_b_818818.html]], ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Calls in Washington to suspend military AND a critical juncture heightens the risk that the next Egyptian regime will be no different than the last. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Aid is not sufficient leverage. (% class="MsoNormal" %) Schenker, Washington Institute Arab Politics director 9-15-2011 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (David, “Washington's Limited Influence in Egypt”, [[http:~~/~~/www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC06.php?CID=1715>>http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC06.php?CID=1715]], DOA: 9-30-11, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) More telling of Washington's AND, if not unexpected development. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Politics (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Won’t pass-too many issues and animosity (% class="MsoNormal" %) WSJ 1-17-12 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (“Congress Returns To Battle on Taxes”, [[http:~~/~~/online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203735304577165082885379756.html>>http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203735304577165082885379756.html]], DOA: 1-18-12, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) As members of Congress return to Washington this AND the GOP, but their odds are considered longer. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Payroll won’t pass-no money (% class="MsoNormal" %) Shiner, Roll Call Staff, 1-17-12 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Meredith, “GOP Ready to Combat Payroll Tax Narrative”, [[http:~~/~~/www.rollcall.com/issues/57_79/GOP_Ready_to_Combat_Payroll_Tax_Narrative-211523-1.html>>http://www.rollcall.com/issues/57_79/GOP_Ready_to_Combat_Payroll_Tax_Narrative-211523-1.html]], DOA: 1-18-12, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) With every maneuver in Congress subject to the AND of the Bush-era tax cuts, extended until the end of this year, that lawmakers might renegotiate in the fall. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Politics – 2AC (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Presidential leadership’s irrelevant (% class="MsoNormal" %) Jacobs et al., Minnesota political studies professor, 2010 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Lawrence, “Varieties of Obamaism: Structure, Agency, and the Obama Presidency” Perspectives on Politics, Volume 8, Issue 3, project muse, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) But personality is not a solid AND pitches go only so far. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Immigration triggers the link (% class="MsoNormal" %) LA Times, 1-9 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (“Obama's immigration proposal gives hope to some in limbo,” 1-9-12, Accessed 1-15-12, http:~/~/articles.latimes.com/2012/jan/09/local/la-me-immigration-rule-20120109) NJR (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) President Obama proposed a new rule AND through this and other recent changes. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Keystone triggers the link (% class="MsoNormal" %) Koss, CQ staff, 1-19 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Geof, "For Obama, No Escape From Pipeline Rejection," CQ Today, public.cq.com/docs/news/news-000004013280.html, accessed 1-20-12, mss) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) For Obama, No Escape From Pipeline AND, timed to coincide with Obama’s Thursday visit to Florida and running on an Orlando website and elsewhere. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Iran signing statement triggers the link (% class="MsoNormal" %) Broder, CQ staff, 1-14 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Jonathan, "Tightening the Screws On Iran — and Obama," CQ Weekly, 1-14-12, public.cq.com/docs/weeklyreport/weeklyreport-000004011280.html, accessed 1-20-12, mss) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Another Middle East war is the last thing Obama wants right AND bomb Iran if it develops a nuclear weapon. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Solyndra kills Obama’s PC (% class="MsoNormal" %) Gallucci, Inside Climate News, 1-20 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Maria, "This Week in Clean Economy: Dueling Solyndra Ads Foreshadow Energy-Centric Campaign," Inside Climate News, 1-20-12, insideclimatenews.org/news/20120120/clean-economy-week-2012-elections-ads-solyndra-obama-americans-for-prosperity-koch-wind-ptc-subsidy-vestas, accessed 1-20-12, mss) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) No signs of "Solyndra fatigue" on the campaign frontAND and we expect [the debate] to continue throughout the 2012 election season," he told InsideClimate News. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Payroll DA – Impact Answers (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Econ Decline doesn’t lead to war (% class="MsoNormal" %) Barnett, columnist for World Politics Review, 9 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Thomas P.M. “The New Rules: Security Remains Stable Amid Financial Crisis,” World Politics Review, 8/252009, [[http:~~/~~/www.aprodex.com/the-new-rules~~-~~-security-remains-stable-amid-financial-crisis-398-bl.aspx>>http://www.aprodex.com/the-new-rules--security-remains-stable-amid-financial-crisis-398-bl.aspx]], 9-26-11, zml) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) So, to sum up: No significant uptick in AND. That's what the Internet is for. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Economy resilient- multiple economic crashes prove no risk of violence (% class="MsoNormal" %) Zakaria, Newsweek International editor, 12-12-2009 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Fareed, former managing editor of Foreign Affairs, "The Secrets of Stability," Newsweek, http:~/~/www.newsweek.com/id/226425, accessed 12-18-9, mss] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) One year ago, the world seemed as if it AND and each historical in nature. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) {{id name="_Toc313048965"/}}AFF – Tradeoff DA – Climate Change – Cut Now (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Climate change aid has already been cut (% class="MsoNormal" %) Shapiro, Cozen O’Connor associate, 12-28-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Shari, “United States: Energy And Environmental Provisions Of The 2012 Omnibus Spending Bill”, [[http:~~/~~/www.mondaq.com/unitedstates/x/158898/Climate+Change/Energy+and+Environmental+Provisions+of+the+2012+Omnibus+Spending+Bill+Better+read+this+sitting+down>>http://www.mondaq.com/unitedstates/x/158898/Climate+Change/Energy+and+Environmental+Provisions+of+the+2012+Omnibus+Spending+Bill+Better+read+this+sitting+down]], DOA: 12-29-11, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The omnibus bill cuts AND. In addition, the bill includes: (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Climate cuts inevitable (% class="MsoNormal" %) Koss, CQ staff, 12-10-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Geof, “Green’ Funds Withering in Current Climate”, [[http:~~/~~/public.cq.com/docs/weeklyreport/weeklyreport-000003997655.html>>http://public.cq.com/docs/weeklyreport/weeklyreport-000003997655.html]], DOA: 12-29-11, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Republican lawmakers have AND seemed out of reach. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Crisis and suffering is vital to spiritual growth (% class="MsoNormal" %) Ortberg, pastor, 11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (John, Menlo Park Presbyterian Church pastor and editor-at-large of Leadership, "Don't Waste A Crisis," Christianity Today Library, 1-31-11, www.ctlibrary.com/le/2011/winter/dontwastecrisis.html, accessed 12-21-11, mss) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Don't Waste a Crisis; Crises, while unwanted, AND per attender for maximum spiritual growth. (% class="MsoNormal" %) Tradeoff DA Answers (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) God brings salvation out of tragedy (% class="MsoNormal" %) Ortberg, pastor, 11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (John, Menlo Park Presbyterian Church pastor and editor-at-large of Leadership, "Don't Waste A Crisis," Christianity Today Library, 1-31-11, www.ctlibrary.com/le/2011/winter/dontwastecrisis.html, accessed 12-21-11, mss) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Crisis reminds me that control is an illusion. AND out of something very, very bad. Yes, crisis is prime time in the cure of souls. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Climate Aid – 2AC (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Adaptation solves the impact (% class="MsoNormal" %) Fankhauser, economist and climate change specialist at the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, 2010 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Samuel, Smart Solutions to Climate Change: Comparing Costs and Benefits, pg 278-9, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Nevertheless, the available evidence shows AND and, diarrhea would cost around $3.8-4.4 billion, or less than $33 per life saved (UNFCCC 2007). (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Earth is colder with more C02 in the air (% class="MsoNormal" %) Idso et al., Presidency of the Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, 2011 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Sherwood, former Research Physicist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service, 2-2, [[http:~~/~~/www.co2science.org/education/reports/prudentpath/prudentpath.pdf>>http://www.co2science.org/education/reports/prudentpath/prudentpath.pdf]], ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) With respect to the level of warmth the earth has recently AND warm periods (notably, the Medieval Warm Period) with recent 20th century warming, making it more difficult to state unequivocally that the recent warming is unprecedented.” (% class="MsoNormal" %) Tradeoff DA Answers (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Money for the plan is allocated (% class="MsoNormal" %) USGLC 12-21-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (U.S. Global Leadership Coalition, “International Affairs Budget Update”, [[http:~~/~~/www.usglc.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/USGLC-IAB-Budge-Update-12-21-11-FINAL.pdf>>http://www.usglc.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/USGLC-IAB-Budge-Update-12-21-11-FINAL.pdf]], DOA: 1-17-12, ldg) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Overseas Contingency Operations (% class="MsoNormal" %) The OCO funding level is important since it AND the base International Affairs Budget to OCO, thereby freeing up additional funding under the base budget.




01/21/12

  • Pitt RR 1-Coptic 1AC

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    •  Plan: The United States federal government should provide civil society support to non-governmental organizations that support religious freedom for Christians in Egypt.

       

      Contention One: Exodus

       

      Full-scale exodus of Copts is likely now- persecution is increasing

      Sainsbury, Brock University history professor, 12

      (John, "Christmas joy is scarce for Egypt's Copts," Calgary Herald, 1-7-12, www.calgaryherald.com/life/Christmas+scarce+Egypt+Copts/5961196/story.html, accessed 1-17-12, mss)

       

      Egypt's Coptic Christians are ANDoriented Egyptian Bloc will ever come to power.

       

      Persecution is high-US aid is key to solve

      Youssef, Coptic Evangelical Organization for Social Services, 12-22

      (David, interviewed by Naveen Qayyum, World Council of Churches staff writer, "Could Arab Spring Turn Into Christian Winter," States News Service, 12-22-11, l/n, accessed 1-18-12, mss)

       

      However, as a reaction to radical AND for the religious minorities in Egypt.

       

      Mass exodus of Christians in Egypt- it will be modeled by the region

      Bandow, Cato Institute senior fellow, 11

      (Doug, Senior Fellow in International Religious Persecution at the Institute on Religion and Public Policy. A former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan, "What Kind of Revolution?" 7-13-11, American Spectator, spectator.org/archives/2011/07/13/what-kind-of-revolution/print, accessed 10-10-11, mss)

       

      Shea worries about "a mass exodus" AND. As go the Copts may ultimately go the rest of the Middle East.

       

      Copts in Egypt are critical to Christian presence in the Mid-east

      Lowry, National Review editor, 11

      (Rich, "Lights Out for the Middle East’s Christians?" National Review, 2-11-11, www.nationalreview.com/articles/259534/lights-out-middle-east-s-christians-rich-lowry, accessed 10-12-11, mss)

       

      In Egypt, we may see another collision between our AND becomes intolerable for them, it’s lights out for Christianity in the Middle East.

       

      Contention Two: Solvency

       

      Civil society support is key- US must increase

      Inboden, UT Center for International Security and Law distinguished scholar, 11

      (Will, University of Texas (Austin) Center for International Security and Law distinguished scholar, UT public affairs professor, Foreign Policy contributing editor, and former National Security Council strategic planning senior director, State Department Policy Planning Staff member, and Office of International Religious Freedom special adviser, "Religious Freedom in Egypt," Foreign Policy, 5-9-11, shadow.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/05/09/religous_freedom_in_egypt, accessed 10-10-11, mss)

       

      As inspiring as these principles were when President AND much of the country's subsequent course, for good or for ill.

       

      US has influence- its key to Coptic survival

      Werthmuller, Hudson Institute Center for Religious Freedom research fellow, 11

      (Kurt J., Ph.D. in Middle Eastern history from UC Santa Barbara, M.A. in Middle Eastern Studies from Harvard, "Getting Away With It: Egypt's Religious Minorities Need the Rule of Law," Huffington Post, 11-17-11, www.huffingtonpost.com/kurt-j-werthmuller/egypt-religious-minorities_b_1093871.html, accessed 1-14-11, mss)

       

      Brown overstates American AND more than restored dignity and increased safety: it may also protect their long-term survival as an integral part of the nation.

       

      US action is key to solve- AND our spotlight effect overwhelms any backlash or say no arguments

      Hawthorne, Washington Institute Arab politics research fellow, 1

      (Amy, Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Council on Foreign Relations term member, Carnegie Endowment specialist with expertise in domestic Arab politics, human rights, and the possibility of democratic change in the Arab world, Arab Reform Bulletin editor, from 1996 to 2000 Hawthorne was senior program officer for the Middle East at the International Foundation for Election Systems, a U.S.-based NGO, where she designed and managed democracy promotion programs across the Arab world, "Promoting Religious Freedom in the Middle East, Post-September 11," testimony before the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC07.php?CID=10, accessed 9-23-11, mss)

       

      Specifically, this means that the United States AND educated choice about how best to order their own societies so as to be constructive, productive members of the global community.

       

      AND Christian presence in the Mid-east is vital to spreading the faith

      WCC, 11

      (World Council of Churches, 2-22-11, "Minute on the Presence and Witness of Christians in the Middle East," www.oikoumene.org/en/resources/documents/central-committee/geneva-2011/report-on-public-issues/minute-on-the-presence-and-witness-of-christians-in-the-middle-east.html, accessed 1-14-12, mss)

       

      4. The WCC seeks to reinforce a positive engagement AND that are opening up throughout the region.

       

      That presence has a major impact

      Costa, Lebanese Baptist Society executive director, 11

      (Nabil K., general secretary of an association of evangelical Christian schools enrolling about 25,000 students in Lebanon, recently was elected a vice president of the Baptist World Alliance, "Be Part Of Those Eager To Make A Difference, Costa Urges Seniors," States News Service, released by Samford University, 5-14-11, l/n, accessed 1-14-12, mss)

       

      Costa said Christians are making a AND difference. We choose the latter."

       

      It’s the key area- it’s the heart of the 10/40 window

      Remnent Westside Missions, 11

      ("The Middle East and the 10/40 Window," rwcmissions.wordpress.com/2011/05/20/1040-window/, accessed 1-15-12, mss)

       

      Countries, like Egypt, Tunisia, AND of our churches goes to reach the 10/40 window.

       

      10/40 window is the biggest window of opportunity for salvation

      Griswold, New America Foundation fellow, 7

      (Eliza, SESSION III OF A COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS SYMPOSIUM ON EVANGELICALS AND FOREIGN POLICY, Federal News Service, 11-30-7, l/n, accessed 1-15-12, mss)

       

      Now, we've been hearing a lot about this AND the unreached within this window.

       

      Civil society assistance to religious freedom key to solve- raises awareness

      Curtis, Heritage Foundation Asian Studies Center senior research fellow, 11

      (Lisa, "Championing Democracy Abroad: Promote Liberty and Counter Islamist Extremism," States News Service, 2-9-11, l/n, accessed 8-27-11, mss)

       

      U.S. policymakers have several tools AND will help to raise awareness about the benefits that democratic systems and practices can provide to all societies.

       

       

      Contention Three: Salvation

       

      The burden of proof for proving God exists shouldn’t be higher than winning any other argument- cumulative evidence can prove God exists

      Nash, former Western Kentucky University philosophy professor and department head, 88

      (Ronald, WKU professor and department head for 27 years, Faith and Reason, 1988, pg 115, mss)

       

      If we accept the relevance of Evans' analogy between AND Our judgment in such matters, then, is seldom the result of one argument or piece of evidence.

       

      God does exists- 1. Cosmological evidence

      Craig, Talbot School of Theology philosophy research professor, 4

      (Dr. William Lane, Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Birmingham (England), Th.D. under from the University of Munich, "Does God Exist?" 2004, delveintojesus.com/Articles/64/Does-God-Exist.aspx, accessed 11-20-11, mss)

       

      1. God makes sense of the origin of the universe. AND being uncaused out of nothing? I, at least, have no trouble assessing these alternatives!

       

      2. Anthropic principle

      Craig, Talbot School of Theology philosophy research professor, 98

      (Dr. William Lane, Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Birmingham (England), Th.D. under from the University of Munich, debate with Edwin Curley, Transcript, 2-5-1998, sitemaker.umich.edu/emcurley/files/opening.html, accessed 11-20-11, mss)

       

      Number 2: God makes sense of the AND an incomprehensible precision and delicacy.

       

      3. Universality of a belief in the afterlife

      D'Souza, former Hoover Institution fellow, 9

      (Dinesh, former Robert and Karen Rishwain Fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford, currently the President of The King's College in New York City, Life After Death: The Evidence, Regnery Publishing, p.39-42) RKB

       

      But what about the larger atheist claim that AND world, and religious feelings and rituals are a human way of trying to connect with that deeper reality.

      [Matt note: gender-modified]

       

      AND- The best evidence is for the Christian God and worldview

      1. Science- numerous double-blind studies on prayer prove

      Hensley, theologian, 3

      (Elizabeth, "The Scientific Study of Prayer Under Controlled Conditions," 2003, www.proofgodexists.org/scientific_study_of_prayer_under.htm, accessed 11-20-11, mss)

       

      There have been over a AND none of the non-prayed for wounds.

       

      2. Unique prophetic accuracy

      Morris, former Virginia tech engineering professor and department chair, 95

      (Henry Morris, former civil engineering professor at Rice, University of Louisiana at Lafayette civil engineering chair, and Southern Illinois University applied science professor, and Martin Clark, pastor, “How do we Know the Bible is True,” 1995, http://www.christiananswers.net/q-eden/edn-t003.html, accessed 11-20-11, mss)

       

      How do we know the Bible is true?

      There have been hundreds of books written on the subject AND a tremendous scale as to render completely absurd any explanation other than divine revelation.

       

      3. Archeological evidence

      Morris, former Virginia tech engineering professor and department chair, 95

      (Henry Morris, former civil engineering professor at Rice, University of Louisiana at Lafayette civil engineering chair, and Southern Illinois University applied science professor, and Martin Clark, pastor, “How do we Know the Bible is True,” 1995, http://www.christiananswers.net/q-eden/edn-t003.html, accessed 11-20-11, mss)

       

      Unique Historical Accuracy The historical AND has often led to amazing discoveries."

       

      4. Scientific accuracy of the Bible

      Morris, former Virginia tech engineering professor and department chair, 95

      (Henry Morris, former civil engineering professor at Rice, University of Louisiana at Lafayette civil engineering chair, and Southern Illinois University applied science professor, and Martin Clark, pastor, “How do we Know the Bible is True,” 1995, http://www.christiananswers.net/q-eden/edn-t003.html, accessed 11-20-11, mss)

       

      Scientific Accuracy Another AND meets every need for both time and eternity.

       

      5. Historical evidence

      Craig, Talbot School of Theology philosophy research professor, 98

      (Dr. William Lane, Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Birmingham (England), Th.D. under from the University of Munich, debate with Edwin Curley, Transcript, 2-5-1998, sitemaker.umich.edu/emcurley/files/opening.html, accessed 11-20-11, mss)

       

      20. Number 4: God makes sense of the AND. Therefore, it seems to me, the Christian is amply justified in believing that Jesus rose from the dead and was who he claimed to be. But that entails that God exists.

       

      AND- the disciples’ transformation is sufficient to prove Jesus’ resurrection- based solely on historical information accepted by virtually all scholars

      Habermas, former William Tyndale College philosophy professor, 96

      (Gary, Ph.D. in history and the philosophy of religion from Michigan State University, 1996, pg.158-167, mss)

       

      The Known Historical Facts

      Because of the testimony of these early Christian creeds, as well as other data, AND this event.86 Jesus did rise from the dead in real history.

       

      AND- Err aff on historicity- their arguments are informed by a lazy epistemology- secular scholarship and philosophy have an irrational bias against religious sources of knowledge

      Parton, International Seminar in Jurisprudence and Human Rights faculty member, 97

      (Craig, JD Hastings College of the Law at the University of California, International Academy of Apologetics, Evangelism and Human Rights associate director, Richard Whateley: A Man for All Seasons, pg20-23, accessed 2011, mss)

       

      Undoubtedly, Whately's greatest apologetical effort is AND Whately doubts that many are willing to accept

       

      6. Pascal’s wager- infinite gains means you should believe no matter what the cost

      Kreeft, Boston College philosophy professor, 2

      (Peter, Ph.D., "The Argument from Pascal's Wager," 2002, www.peterkreeft.com/topics/pascals-wager.htm, accessed 1-14-12, mss)

       

      Suppose someone terribly precious to you lay dying, AND purpose, peace, hope, joy, the things that put smiles on the lips of martyrs.

       

      AND- The many-gods objection to Pascal’s wager is flawed- infinities can be probabilistically compared- a rational decision-maker believes the most probable- Christianity

      Tomasik, relevance engineer at Bing, no date given

      (Brian, "A Defense of Pascalian Reasoning," web.archive.org/web/20110725161956/http://www.utilitarian-essays.com/pascal.html, accessed 1-13-12, mss)

       

      Summary. This piece responds to two common objections against AND, hyperreal numbers allow us to adjust our analysis accordingly.

      [Matt note: footnotes included]

       

      Our impacts outweigh suffering, war and death- the relation to God is the ONLY worthwhile source of value- AND this means you err aff on the question of whether God exists

      Craig, Talbot School of Theology philosophy research professor, 4

      (Dr. William Lane, Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Birmingham (England), Th.D. under from the University of Munich, "Does God Exist?" 2004, delveintojesus.com/Articles/64/Does-God-Exist.aspx, accessed 11-20-11, mss)

       

      C. S. Lewis once remarked that God is not the sort AND  when the evidence is equal to prefer death, futility, and despair over hope, meaningfulness and happiness.

      [Matt note: gender-paraphrased]

       

      Outweighs death

      Habermas and Moreland, PhD philosophy professors, 98

      (Gary R., former William Tyndale College philosophy professor, and Ph.D. in history and the philosophy of religion from Michigan State University, and J.P., Biola University Talbot School of Theology Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Southern California, Beyond Death: Exploring the Evidence for Immortality, 1998, Wipf and Stock Publishers, p. 348-350) RKB

       

      Consider also the fear of extinction fostered by visions of AND with worry over its reality.




01/21/12

  • 1AC/2AC/1AR Rd 7 Pitt RR vs Witchita

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    •  

       Plan: The United States Federal Government should offer democratic governance assistance to Tunisia.

      Contention 1- Terrorism

       

      Al Qaeda is developing nuclear and bio weapons

      Blake et al., Daily Telegraph reporter, 2011

      (Heidi, “WikiLeaks: al-Qaeda 'is planning a dirty bomb'”, February, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/wikileaks/8296956/WikiLeaks-al-Qaeda-is-planning-a-dirty-bomb.html, DOA: 12-19-11, ldg)

       

       

      Bioattack causes extinction

      Kellman, International Weapons Control Center, 2008

      (Barry, “Bioviolence: A Growing Threat”, The Futurist, May-June, http://www.wfs.org/March-April09/MJ2008_Kellman.pdf, DOA: 12-19-11, ldg)

       

      Nuclear terrorism causes global nuclear war

      Morgan, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 2009

      (Dennis, World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race Futures, Volume 41, Issue 10, December, ldg)

       

       

      AQ will attack nuclear power plants-causes meltdowns and kills the industry.

      Kimery, Homeland Security Today's senior reporter, 2011

      (Anthony, “Al Qaeda Could Try to Replicate Fukushima-type Meltdowns”, 5-12, http://www.hstoday.us/blogs/the-kimery-report/blog/al-qaeda-could-try-to-replicate-fukushima-type-meltdowns/aa96292934d83bb8c9f97fd9d685f32b.html, DOA: 12-19-11, ldg)

       

       

      Meltdowns cause extinction

      Lendman, CRG research associate, 2011

      (Stephen, “Nuclear Meltdown in Japan”, 3-13, http://www.thepeoplesvoice.org/TPV3/Voices.php/2011/03/13/nuclear-meltdown-in-japan, DOA; 12-19-11, ldg)

       

      .

       

      Nuclear power is expanding now

      Worthington, SmartPlanet editor, 12-13-11

      (David, “Nuclear power post Fukushima”, http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/intelligent-energy/nuclear-power-post-fukushima/11258, DOA: 12-20-11, ldg)

       

       

      Solves warming

      Lynas, climate change advisor to President of Maldives, 2011

      (Mark, “Why nuclear power is still a good choice”, 4-10, http://articles.latimes.com/2011/apr/10/opinion/la-oe-lynas-nukes-20110410, DOA: 12-20-11, ldg)

       

       

      Extinction

      McPherson, Arizona natural resources professor, 2011

      (Guy, “Three paths to near-term human extinction”, 8-20, http://guymcpherson.com/2011/08/three-paths-to-near-term-human-extinction/, DOA: 12-20-11, ldg)

       

       

      Supporting Muslim parties solves anti-Americanism

      Kull, International Policy Attitudes director, 2011

      (Steven, “Why Muslims are still mad at America”, 9-5, http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2011/09/05/why-muslims-are-still-mad-at-america/, DOA: 12-19-11, ldg)

       

       

      Key to solve terrorism

      Hamid, Brookings Doha Center Director of Research, 2007

      (Shadi, “Engaging Political Islam to Promote Democracy”, June, http://www.dlc.org/documents/Political_Islam_06272007.pdf, DOA: 12-19-11, ldg)

       

       

      Engaging Ennahda is key

      McInerney, POMED executive director, 11-8-11

      (Stephen, “Islamist Victory in Tunisia Presents Opportunity for U.S. Engagement”, http://fikraforum.org/2011/11/islamist-victory-in-tunisia-represents-opportunity-for-u-s-engagement/, DOA: 11-23-11, ldg)

       

       

      Contention 2 Stability

       

      Salafists will hijack the transition now

      Magharebia, new source sponsored by the United States Africa Command, 11

      [November 16, 2011, “Tunisian Activists Warn about Women’s Rights Backslide”, http://www.eurasiareview.com/16112011-tunisian-activists-warn-about-womens-rights-backslide/, 12/1/11, atl]

       

       

      Engaging Ennahda is key to solve

      Zelin, Brandeis University's Department of Politics research associate, 12-8-11

      (Aaron, “The Salafi Challenge to Tunisia's Nascent Democracy”, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=3430, DOA: 12-12-11, ldg)

       

       

      Salafist takeover collapses Tunisia’s transition-prevents a regional democratic model.

      Democracy Digest 2011

      [October, 24, 2011, “Tunisia: ‘inspiring’ poll, inclusive government, but can democracy deliver?”, http://www.demdigest.net/blog/2011/10/tunisia-inspiring-poll-inclusive-government-but-can-democracy-deliver/, 12/4/11, atl]

       

       

      Mideast democracy solves war

      Takeyh, CFR senior fellow, 2011

      (Ray, “What Democracy Could Bring”, 2-4, http://www.usmep.us/usmep/2011/02/14/what-democracy-could-bring/, DOA: 8-27-11, ldg)

       

      Mideast war goes nuclear

      Russell, Naval Postgraduate School National Security professor, 2009

      (James, "Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Nuclear War and Escalation in the Middle East", http://www.nps.edu/academics/sigs/ccc/people/biolinks/russell/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf, ldg)

       

       

      Specifically key to Algeria-instability inevitable without reform

      Fallon, Eurasia Group's Middle East practice. 11-22-11

      (James, “Is Algeria next?”, http://eurasia.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/11/22/is_algeria_next, DOA: 12-20-11, ldg)

       

       

      Algerian instability causes oil shocks-collapses the economy

      Evans Pritchard, Daily Telegraph international business editor, 2011

      (Ambrose, “Oil could hit $220 a barrel on Libya and Algeria fears, warns Nomura”, 2-23, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/oilprices/8344133/Oil-could-hit-220-a-barrel-on-Libya-and-Algeria-fears-warns-Nomura.html, DOA: 12-20-11, ldg)

       

       

      It’s the biggest internal link to the economy

      Erwin, National Defense Magazine, 11-1-11

      (Sandra, “30% Cut in U.S. Oil Imports Would Avert Future Catastrophe, Study Warns”, http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/blog/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=577, DOA: 12-20-11, ldg)

       

       

      Decline causes war

      Royal, director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, 2010

      (Jedediah, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal, and Political Perspectives, pg 213-215, ldg)

       

      High oil prices collapse China

      Peek, The Fiscal Times, 2011

      (Liz, “Oil Price Surge: How Libya Threatens China Growth”, 4-13, http://www.thefiscaltimes.com/Columns/2011/04/13/Oil-Price-Surge-How-Libya-Threatens-China-Growth.aspx, DOA: 9-21-11, ldg)

       

      Economic decline in china causes hyper-nationalist power plays and demographic shifts that will cause conflict with Russia, Japan, the US, and central Asia

      Nichiporuk, Political Scientist at Rand, 7

      (Brian, Fall, Specializes in Demographic Trends in the ME and Central Asia, “Demography and Security in East Asia,” National Strategy Forum, Lexis, atw)

       

       

      Japan-China war goes nuclear

      Moore, CNS (Center for Nonproliferation Studies) East Asia research assistant, 10-18-2006

      [Scott, Monterey Institute for International Studies; James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, "Nuclear Conflict in the 21st Century: Reviewing the Chinese Nuclear Threat," NTI, http://www.nti.org/e_research/e3_80.html, mss]

       

       

      US-China war causes extinction

      Strait Times, 2k

      [“No one gains in war over Taiwan,” June 25 2000, L/N]

       

      Central Asia war goes global

      Fehrenbach, American author and former head of the Texas Historical Commission, 8

      (T.R., "Central Asia ripe for next Big One," San Antonio Express-News, 3-9-8, l/n, accessed 1-16-12, mss)

       

      Ennahda would say yes

      Fitouri, writer for Tunisia Live, 11

      [Samia, November 9, 2011, “Ennahda Responds Positively to Clinton Speech”, http://www.tunisia-live.net/2011/11/09/ennahdas-positive-response-to-secretary-clintons-speech/, 11/29/11, atl]

       

       

       

      ****2AC****

       

      Terrorism Impacts – Nuclear Terrorism – Yes Means

       

      Multiple ways they could acquire nukes

      Bunn, Harvard, public policy professor, 2010

      (Matthew, “Securing the Bomb 2010”, April, http://www.nti.org/e_research/Securing_The_Bomb_2010.pdf, ldg)

       

       

      A2: Uranium Shortage

       

      New tech solves uranium shortage

      China Daily 2011

      (“Nuclear fuel feat to solve uranium shortage”, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2011-01/04/content_11788510.htm, DOA: 1-22-12, ldg)

       

      ASPEC 2AC Answers

       

       

      1. We Meet – We specify what the resolution asks -  United States Federal Government

       

      2. Cross-X checks –they would be able to get all of their ground by asking.

       

      3. It’s infinitely Regressive – the affirmative will never know what minute detail they have to specify - this destroys topic specific education

       

      4. Counter-interpretation- the agent of the plan is normal means- but that doesn’t justify agent counterplans- its still not in the plan and they’re bad for debate

       

      5. Their interpretation justifies extra topical advantages based upon which agency the affirmative uses.  Creates unpredictable advantages destroying negative ground.

       

      6. Reasonability – there is always a more limiting interpretation-key to check race to the bottom

       

      7. Fiat means the plan happens and we solve.

       

      Federal government is central government

      Websters 1976

      (New International Dictionary Unabridged, 1976, p. 833, ldg)

       

      That’s true for foreign policy

      Kegley et al., Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs secretary, 2011

      (Charles, “Foreign Policy Decision Making Models”, http://faculty.ucc.edu/egh-damerow/decision_making_models.htm, DOA: 9-22-11, ldg)

       

      Politics – 2AC

       

      Case turns the DA-causes 200 dollar oil-recent studies prove econ can’t surive-that’s Evans and Erwin.

       

      Payroll doesn’t solve economy

      Leonard, SHRM senior writer, 1-11-12

      (Bill, “Calendar's Quirk Can Pose a Payroll Challenge”, http://www.shrm.org/Publications/HRNews/Pages/CalendarPayrollChallenge.aspx, DOA: 1-18-12, ldg)

       

       

      US isn’t key to global econ.

      Bloomberg 2010

      (Simon Kennedy, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-10-03/world-economy-decoupling-from-u-s-in-slowdown-returns-as-wall-street-view.html, accessed 10/05/2010) mph

       

      .

       

      Won’t pass-too many issues and animosity

      WSJ 1-17-12

      (“Congress Returns To Battle on Taxes”, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203735304577165082885379756.html, DOA: 1-18-12, ldg)

       

      NI

      Politics – 2AC

       

      Presidential leadership’s irrelevant

      Jacobs et al., Minnesota political studies professor, 2010

      (Lawrence, “Varieties of Obamaism: Structure, Agency, and the Obama Presidency” Perspectives on Politics, Volume 8, Issue 3, project muse, ldg)

       

       

      Vote no-Obama pushing the plan and failing still drains capital.

       

      Immigration

      LA Times, 1-9

      (“Obama's immigration proposal gives hope to some in limbo,” 1-9-12, Accessed 1-15-12, http://articles.latimes.com/2012/jan/09/local/la-me-immigration-rule-20120109) NJR

       

      Thumpers:

       

      FS

       

      Politics – 2AC

       

      Keystone

      Koss, CQ staff, 1-19

      (Geof, "For Obama, No Escape From Pipeline Rejection," CQ Today, public.cq.com/docs/news/news-000004013280.html, accessed 1-20-12, mss)

       

       

      Iran

      Broder, CQ staff, 1-14

      (Jonathan, "Tightening the Screws On Iran — and Obama," CQ Weekly, 1-14-12, public.cq.com/docs/weeklyreport/weeklyreport-000004011280.html, accessed 1-20-12, mss)

       

       

      Solyndra

      Gallucci, Inside Climate News, 1-20

      (Maria, "This Week in Clean Economy: Dueling Solyndra Ads Foreshadow Energy-Centric Campaign," Inside Climate News, 1-20-12, insideclimatenews.org/news/20120120/clean-economy-week-2012-elections-ads-solyndra-obama-americans-for-prosperity-koch-wind-ptc-subsidy-vestas, accessed 1-20-12, mss)

       

       

      Obama won’t push

      Marcus, Washington Post editorial writer specializing in American politics, 11

      (Ruth, "Obama's Leadership: A presidency reminiscent of 'Where's Waldo'," The Oregonian (Portland Oregon), 3-2-11,  l/n, accessed 3-3-11, mss)

       

       

      Debate over Tunisian aid now

      Arieff, Analyst in African Affairs – Congressional Research Service, 12-16

      (Alexis, “Political Transition in Tunisia ,” http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RS21666.pdf, DOA: 1-22-12, atw)

       

       

      Money for the plan is set aside.

      USGLC 12-21-11

      (U.S. Global Leadership Coalition, “International Affairs Budget Update”, http://www.usglc.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/USGLC-IAB-Budge-Update-12-21-11-FINAL.pdf, DOA: 1-17-12, ldg)

       

      Politics – 2AC

       

      Winners win- plan is key to Obama political power

      Creamer, political organizer and strategist for four decades, 1-2

      (Robert, he and his firm, Democracy Partners, work with many of the country’s most significant issue campaigns, one of the major architects and organizers of the successful campaign to defeat the privatization of Social Security, he has been a consultant to the campaigns to end the war in Iraq, pass universal health care, pass Wall Street reform, change America’s budget priorities and enact comprehensive immigration reform, he has also worked on hundreds of electoral campaigns at the local, state and national level, "Why GOP Collapse on the Payroll Tax Could be a Turning Point Moment," www.huffingtonpost.com/robert-creamer/why-gop-collapse-on-the-p_b_1167491.html, accessed 1-2-12, mss)

       

      Plan is bipartisan

      Democracy Digest 9-8-2011

      (“9/11 restored bipartisan consensus on strategic value of democracy assistance”, http://www.demdigest.net/blog/2011/09/911-restored-bipartisan-consensus-on-strategic-value-of-democracy-assistance/, DOA: 9-16-11, ldg)

       

       

      K

       

      1. Case outweighs-plan is the key internal link to avert multiple nuclear wars-prefer our scenarios because they provide casual links based in empirical observation instead of abstraction.

       

      2. Perm do both-as the judge you can choose the reasons you vote for the plan.

       

      Liberal democracy is statistically more peaceful than any alternative

      Zakaria, Harvard political science PhD, 1997

      (Fareed, The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy at Home and Abroad, 114-117, ldg)

       

      Lang's embarrassment highlights two common, and often mistaken, assumptions -- that the forces of democracy are the forces of ethnic harmony and of peace. Neither is necessarily true.

      Believing that a nuclear WMD terrorist attack is possible is necessary to prevent it from happening

      Allison, Harvard government professor, 2010

      (Graham, “A Failure to Imagine the Worst”, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/01/25/a_failure_to_imagine_the_worst?print=yes&hidecomments=yes&page=full, DOA: 11-12-11, ldg)

       

       

      Threat construction in terms of terror is good – censorship precludes prevention

      Rychlak, Misssissippi law professor, 2010

      (Ronald, “The true language of counter-terrorism”, http://newsweek.washingtonpost.com/onfaith/panelists/ronald_rychlak/2010/07/the_language_of_counter-terrorism.html, DOA: 11-12-11, ldg)

       

       

      Perm do the plan and use humanist critique to open up fields of struggle.

       

      Limited intrinsicness is good- our interpretation is that the aff should get to permute any part of advocacies contained within alternative solvency evidence. This solves neg ground- its completely predictable because it’s based in the alternative evidence- AND its key to aff ground- otherwise neg teams write vague alternatives that skew the actual author’s beliefs and just exclude the aff- makes perm competition impossible.

       

      Zero empirical correlation between ‘innate drives’ or ‘social institutions’ and war

      Sharp, Professor of Law Georgetown University, 2008

      (Walter, “Democracy and Deterrence Foundations for an Enduring World Peace”, May 2008, http://aupress.au.af..mil/Books/sharp/Sharp.pdf, ldg)

       

       

       

      Ethical policymaking must be grounded in consequences

      Isaac, political science professor Indiana University, 2002

      (Jeffrey, “Ends, Means, and Politics, Dissent Magazine, Spring 2002, ldg)

       

       

      Interpretation - aff gets the plan, neg gets a competitive policy option or the status quo.

       

      Impacts:

      A). Ground – Infinite number of non-policy arguments that you could run, making it impossible to research.

       

      B). Even if we don't go for our interpretation, we should get to weigh our impacts. Mooting the 1AC makes it impossible to be affirmative.

       

      c). Vague alts bad - it's a moving target, makes it impossible to debate - this is an independent voting issue. We can’t read arguments that link if we don’t know what the alternative is.

      NED CP

       

       

      NED fails and covers it up

      Hale, Hndrix PhD in political science, 2003

      (Eric, “A Quantitative And Qualitative Evaluation Of Th National Endowment For Democracy, 1990-1999,” December, http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-1105103-140728/unrestricted/Hale_dis.pdf, DOA: 10-21-11, ldg)

       

      Gov to gov assistance is key

      Wittes, Middle East Democracy and Development (MEDD) Project director, 2008

      (Tamara, Freedom's unsteady march: America's role in building Arab democracy, pg 120, ldg)

       

       

      Perm do both

       

      Perm do cp

      South Korea CP

       

      USAID is key-empirics.

      Finkel et al., Pittsburgh political science professor, 2006

      (Steven, “EFFECTS OF U.S. FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ON DEMOCRACY BUILDING: Results of a Cross-National Quantitative Study”, 1-12, http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/democracy_and_governance/publications/pdfs/impact_of_democracy_assistance.pdf, ldg)

       

      Obviously doesn’t solve US credibility with the Muslim world.

       

      EU CP is illegitimate and a voting issue:

       

      1. Logic- no literature compares the US and EU acting on the plan AND not as an opportunity cost to US democracy assistance- no decision makers can choose between the EU and US. This makes debate education irrelevant and crushes aff ground.

      2. Justifies object fiat-CP to have Egypt not go to war with Israel is the same thing-destroys AFF ground.

      3. EU is uniquely bad- counterplan fiats 27 independent bodies into agreeing with the plan- its utopian and not reciprocal.

      ****1AR****

       

      Case

       

      China collapse takes out global economy.

      New York Times 12-26-11

      (“Dealing With China’s Troubles”, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/27/opinion/dealing-with-chinas-troubles.html, DOA: 12-31-11, ldg)

      International Fiat

       

      CP destroys logic-2 reasons

       

      A. No Literature-They have cards that South Korea can do stuff and is better than the US, not that the EU should act so that the US shouldn’t

       

      B. Opportunity costs-no decision maker can choose between the EU and the US. That’s like saying you shouldn’t do your laundry because your neighbor might do it\

       

      This outweighs:

      A. Crushes ground and education- no literature makes AFF answers artificial AND they force us to only talk about US key warrants- prevents us from learning about the best reasons for advocating the rez

       

      They justify object fiat-The EU inaction is the reason the US needs to act making the CP the object—terminally dooms the aff because you can CP out of any impact AND conditionality solves neg flex and limits- they can test us with multiple legit CPs

       

      No education unique to the CP-DA’s and US CP solves creativity. They justify world peace CP cause it’s a better policy option

       

      Just because we could have debated the CP doesn’t mean its justified- AFF answers are predictable and artificial

       

      Side bias is irrelevant-theory should be about establishing best debate practices,

       

      Reject the team because of time investment and to deter these CPs in the future

      1ar conditionality

       

      Conditionality prevents an in-depth discussion of policy merits and rewards sophistry – prefer our terminal impact of social education and argument resolution – only portable skill from debate – turns their buzzword claims

       

      They obviate aff offense and making cogent strategy impossible – 2ac had to make a different set of arguments for each potential 2nr – the magnitude of strategic damage to us is not inevitable

       

      One conditional advocacy is a logical limit.

       

      Not everything in debate is logical – we adopt constraints to make the game useable – counter-advocacy is different from “truth testing”

       

      Self-serving – 2nr will exploit multiple worlds and the 2ar can’t make new arguments

       

      Neg has enough flexibility – agent CP’s, politics da’s, offering other kinds of aid

      (uniquely worse on this topic – aff is bound to defend a super weak mechanism)

      A2: Links take out Cred

       

      The plan—not bipart—determines case solvency

      Gelb 10/25

      Leslie H. Gelb, president emeritus of the Council on Foreign Relations, a former senior official in the State and Defense Departments,10/25/11, We Bow to the God Bipartisanship, nationalinterest.org/print/article/we-bow-the-god-bipartisanship-6048

      A2: Election Impacts

       

      Payroll is not key to the eleciton

      Delamaide, Market Watch Journalist, 11

      (Darrell, “Bernanke Holds Key to Obama Re-election”, 12-14-11, http://www.marketwatch.com/story/bernanke-holds-key-to-obama-re-election-2011-12-14, DOA 1-3-12 wdw)

       

       

      Prolif will not be rapid or a cascade- prestige, domestic public opinion, extended deterrence and technology capability check

      Evans and Kawaguchi et al, ICNND co-chairs, November 2009

      [Gareth, University of Melbourne Honorary Professorial Fellow, International Crisis Group president emeritus, former Australian Attorney-General, Minister for Resources and Energy, and Foreign Minister ,and Yoriko, Member of the House of

      Councillors (Japan) for the Liberal Democratic Party since 2005, Special Adviser to the Prime Minister of Japan, responsible for foreign affairs, from 2004 to 2005, "Eliminating Nuclear Threats: A Practical Agenda for Global Policymakers," International Commission on Nuclear Non-proliferation and Disarmament, http://www.icnnd.org/reference/reports/ent/pdf/ICNND_Report-EliminatingNuclearThreats.pdf, accessed 12-25-9, mss]

      Politics – Won’t Pass

       

      Payroll won’t pass-no money

      Shiner, Roll Call Staff, 1-17-12

      (Meredith, “GOP Ready to Combat Payroll Tax Narrative”, http://www.rollcall.com/issues/57_79/GOP_Ready_to_Combat_Payroll_Tax_Narrative-211523-1.html, DOA: 1-18-12, ldg)

       

       

      Politics – No Obama – 1AR

       

      Obama won’t push the plan- he’ll avoid it for geopolitical gain- empirically proven by health care, entitlement reform, Libya and labor- that’s Marcus.

       

      He’ll dodge the plan

      AP, 11

      (Associated Press, "Obama keeps low profile on high profile issues," 3-12-11, www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hS9C_otXToMWXbugq3X1Db1XE_ag?docId=2f34f30223234b808a8b7d63359e0321, accessed 3-12-11, mss)

       

       

      Means no political consequences

      Marcus, Washington Post editorial writer specializing in American politics, 11

      (Ruth, "Obama's Leadership: A presidency reminiscent of 'Where's Waldo'," The Oregonian (Portland Oregon), 3-2-11,  l/n, accessed 3-3-11, mss)

       

       

      Won’t push- focused on campaigning

      Pace, AP staff writer, 12-31

      (Julie, "In 2012, Obama to press ahead without Congress," Chicago Tribune, 12-31-11, www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/chi-ap-us-obama-fourthyear,0,2044655.story, accessed 1-2-12, mss)

       

      Thumper – Immigration – 1AR

       

      Top of the agenda

      Needham, The Hill staff, 1-18

      (Vicki, "Visa reform likely to top Obama's agenda on trip to Disney," The Hill, 1-18-12, thehill.com/blogs/on-the-money/801-economy/205015-visa-reform-likely-to-top-obamas-agenda, accessed 1-20-12, mss)

       

       

      Kills capital- outweighs everything else-

      Tichenor, University of Oregon Social Science professor, 2009

      (Daniel, University of Oregon Philip H. Knight Professor of Social Science, Senior Faculty Fellow at the Wayne Morse Center for Law and Politics, The Forum, "Navigating an American Minefield: The Politics of Illegal Immigration," Vol 7, Issue 3, http://www.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?context=forum&article=1325&date=&mt=MTI3NTUwNTMwNA==&access_ok_form=Continue, accessed 6-2-10, mss)




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01/22/12

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01/22/12

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