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A. Effective USAID programs key to prevent pandemic disease

Batson, USAID Global Health deputy assistant administrator, 11

(Amie, Congressional Testimony, Targeted News Service, 5-31-11, l/n, accessed 11-8-11, mss)

The success of the global health…delivered to the people who need them most.

B. Foreign aid funding is zero-sum- plan forces a tradeoff

Sessions, Center for Global Development program coordinator, 6

(Myra, "The PMI Turns One – How Will We Measure Success?," Center for Global Development, blogs.cgdev.org/globalhealth/2006/07/the-pmi-turns-one-how-will-we.php, accessed 8-31-11, mss)

Thanks for the comment and question…and opportunities of the initiatives.

AND- New cuts gut USAID

Worthington, InterAction CEO and president, 11

(Samuel, InterAction is the largest alliance of U.S.-based international nongovernmental organizations, "US must learn from Britain and not cut foreign aid," The Guardian, 8-1-11, www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2011/aug/01/us-foreign-aid-cuts, accessed 8-27-11, mss)

Current budget battles in Washington…poorest populations make no sense to us either.

C. Extinction

Keating, Foreign Policy web editor, 9

(Joshua, “The End of the World”, 11-13-09, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/11/13/the_end_of_the_world?page=full, ldg)

How it could happen: …a new and just as troubling complication.

Focusing on liberation requires re-affirmation of animality to justify the liberation of those the affirmative targets which re-entrenches speciesism.

Kim, UC Irvine political science professor, 2009

(Claire, “Slaying the Beast:  Reflections on Race, Culture, and Species”, , ldg)

Dyson gives a perfunctory…  experience, and our actions

There is an institutional bias in favor of speciesism-the AFF’s failure to directly challenge it allows hegemonic discourses to constrain the parameters of discussion and political activity which allows specieisism to continue.

Jackman, UC Davis sociology professor, 1994

(Mary, The Velvet Glove: Paternalism and Conflict in Gender, Class, and Race Relations, pg 64-68, ldg)

The institutionalization of expropriative…  basis for durable social control.

Speciesism makes possible “systematic beastilization” which justifies non-criminal putting to death of the other—root cause of all oppression

Rossini, postdoctoral Fellow ASCA, 2006

(Manuela, “To the Dogs: Companion speciesism and the new feminist materialism”, text and image Volume 3, September, , ldg)

What is equally sobering…  direct and disproportionate effects on animals.[26]

NOTE- conditio sine qua non

The alternative is to embrace the standpoint of the animal—this overcomes the humanist bias of the affirmative scholarship, connects the experiences of human and non-human animals and allows for total liberation by providing understanding of all oppression

Best, UT El Paso philosophy professor, 2009

(Steven, “The Rise of Critical Animal Studies: Putting Theory into Action and Animal Liberation into Higher Education “, Journal for Critical Animal Studies, Volume VII, Issue 1, 2009, , ldg)

Postmodern critiques have …. ecological healing and balance.

A. Latin America is USAID’s priority now- BUT new programs tradeoff

Shah and Menendez, USAID administrator and US Senator (D-NJ), 11

(Rajiv, USAID administrator, and Senator Bob Menendez (D-NJ), "International Development Policy Priorities in the FY2012 Budget," Federal News Service, 4-13-2011, l/n, accessed 8-31-11, mss)

So explain to me... That is not acceptable.

B. USAID cuts in Latin America devastate the ABCI- key to protect the Amazon

Patlis, WWF US Government relations managing director, 7

(Jason, World Wildlife Fund, CQ Congressional Testimony, " Fiscal 2008 Appropriations: State, Foreign Operations & Other Programs," 3-29-7, l/n, accessed 9-8-11, mss)

Amazon Basin Conservation Initiative … in the Amazon watershed.

C. Extinction

Takacs, Institute for Earth Systems Science and Policy environmental humanities professor, 96

(David, California State University Monterey Bay, The Idea of Biodiversity: Philosophies of Paradise, 1996, Amazon books preview, accessed 9-9-11, pg200-201, mss)

So biodiversity keeps …a bang but a whimper.14

Obama pushing for piecemeal legislation ensures passage of payroll tax cuts

Grim, writer for Huffington Post, 10/17

[Ryan, October 17, 2011, “GOP Supported Parts Of Obama's Jobs Bill”, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/14/obama-jobs-bill-2011-republican-support_n_1011699.html, 10/17/11, atl]

In blocking the … ways to focus on small-business growth."

But, PC is key to ensure final passage

Associated Press, 10/17

[October 17, 2011, “Obama pushes for jobs bill”, http://cnsnews.com/news/article/obama-pushes-jobs-bill, 10/17/11, atl]

President Barack Obama says … trillion-dollar annual deficits."

Failure to extend payroll tax cuts collapses the economy

Marr, Director of Federal Tax Policy at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, 11

[Chuck, September 7, 2011, “Letting Payroll Tax Cut Expire Would Shrink Worker Paychecks and Damage Weak Economy”, http://www.cbpp.org/cms/?fa=view&id=3572, 10/18/11, atl]

Failure by Congress … risk to the outlook for U.S. growth."

Economic collapse causes nuclear war

Friedberg and Schoenfeld, 2008

(Aaron and gabriel professor of politics and international relations at Princeton University and visiting scholar at the Witherspoon Institute, “The Dangers of a Diminished America”, Wall Street Journal, )

Pressures to cut defense … travails with external adventures.

Obama pushing for piecemeal legislation ensures passage of payroll tax cuts

Grim, writer for Huffington Post, 10/17

[Ryan, October 17, 2011, “GOP Supported Parts Of Obama's Jobs Bill”, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/14/obama-jobs-bill-2011-republican-support_n_1011699.html, 10/17/11, atl]

In blocking the … ways to focus on small-business growth."

But, PC is key to ensure final passage

Associated Press, 10/17

[October 17, 2011, “Obama pushes for jobs bill”, http://cnsnews.com/news/article/obama-pushes-jobs-bill, 10/17/11, atl]

President Barack Obama says … trillion-dollar annual deficits."

Failure to extend payroll tax cuts collapses the economy

Marr, Director of Federal Tax Policy at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, 11

[Chuck, September 7, 2011, “Letting Payroll Tax Cut Expire Would Shrink Worker Paychecks and Damage Weak Economy”, http://www.cbpp.org/cms/?fa=view&id=3572, 10/18/11, atl]

Failure by Congress … risk to the outlook for U.S. growth."

Economic collapse causes nuclear war

Friedberg and Schoenfeld, 2008

(Aaron and gabriel professor of politics and international relations at Princeton University and visiting scholar at the Witherspoon Institute, “The Dangers of a Diminished America”, Wall Street Journal, )

Pressures to cut defense … travails with external adventures.

A. Cyber-security will pass and is top of the docket- Obama push key and solves

Baschuk, WCN assistant editors, 2-16

(Bryce Baschuk and Kamala Lane, Warren Communications News, "Support Builds for Action on Senate Cybersecurity Bill," Communications Daily, 2-16-12, l/n, accessed 2-21-12, mss)

Support Builds for Action on …are growing every day."

(links vary)

PC is key

Packel, data security lawyer, 11

(Eric, member of the Privacy and Data Security practice group and the Technology, Media & IP practice group at Marshall Dennehey, Warner Coleman & Goggin, "Will There Finally be a U.S. National Data Breach Law?" Data Breach Legal Watch, 5-15-11, www.databreachlegalwatch.com/2011/05/will-there-finally-be-a-u-s-national-data-breach-law/, accessed 2-22-12, mss)

While massive data … be watching this closely.

C. Cyber espionage kills heg

Mueller, FBI director, 11

(Robert, current director of the FBI, "Changing Threats in a Changing World," States News Service, 11-17-11, l/n, accessed 2-22-12, mss)

Now let us turn from …dramatically in recent years.

Guarantees great power war

Zhang et al., Carnegie Endowment researcher, 11

(Yuhan, “America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry”, 1-22-11, , DOA: 9-21-11, ldg)

This does not necessarily …of unrivalled US primacy.

US-Saudi relationship is strong and is expected to grow – best indicators prove

Zeigler, Research Director for the Saudi-U.S. Trade Group, 11

[Lucien, May 21, 2011, “US-Saudi Relations: Still Strong”, http://arabianomics.com/2011/05/21/for-us-saudi-relations-%E2%80%98political-divide%E2%80%99-widens-but-economic-security-cooperation-grows/, 7/30/11, atl]

One can be more precise … disagreements might indicate.

US support for democracy destroys US-Saudi relations

Lister, CNN staff writer, 2011

(Tim, “Distrusting U.S., Saudi Arabia embarks on more assertive role,” CNN, http://articles.cnn.com/2011-05-18/politics/obama.saudi.arabia_1_nawaf-obaid-saudi-officials-prince-turki-al-faisal?_s=PM:POLITICS, accessed 6/12/2011) jba

At the same time… it held after 9/11.

U.S.-Saudi relations key to solve multiple scenarios Middle East instability

Brzezinski, Professor of American Policy at John Hopkins University, 09

[Zbigniew, May 8, “U.S.-Saudi Relations in a World Without Equilibrium Conference Transcripts -- Session 1 The Honorable Zbigniew Brzezinski”, http://www.saudi-us-relations.org/articles/2009/ioi/090508-ussa-brzezinski.html, 7/30/11, atl]

I think we need … for peace in the Middle East. 

Middle East instability leads to global nuclear war

Steinbach, 3/3/02

 ( John, DC Iraq Coalition, Centre for Research on Globalisation, “Israeli Nuclear weapons: a threat to piece”, http://www.converge.org.nz/pma/mat0036.htm ) gh

Meanwhile, the existence … trigger a world conflagration."

Text: The United States Millennium Challenge Corporation should enter into compact negotiations with [Insert Plan Country]. The compact should at least include programs designed to improve [Insert Plan Area].

MCC approach is comparatively better-5 reasons

Radelet, Center for Global Development senior fellow, 2003

(Steven, “Challenging Foreign Aid: A Policymaker's Guide to the Millennium Challenge Account”, 5-1, , ldg)

The country-program approach …across countries and over time.

Counterplan: The United States federal government should extend a tax credit of 39 cents for every dollar invested by business, non-governmental organizations, and individuals that provide for (the plan).

Tax credits solve foreign aid and avoid corruption, bureaucracy, and spending taxpayer dollars

Muzinich and Werker, Harvard Business School professor, 7

(Justin, works for hedge fund in Connecticut, and Eric, Ph.D. in economics from Harvard, Harvard Business School assistant professor, his research explores the economics of development and foreign aid, economic advisor to the President of Liberia, worked with the US Government’s Millennium Challenge Corporation on foreign aid projects and with the NGO Conservation International, serves on the Advisory Group of the Center for Global Development, and is a Fellow at Harvard Kennedy School's Center for International Development, "A Global Tax Credit," NY Times, 10-20-2007, www.nytimes.com/2007/10/20/opinion/20werker.html, accessed 10-17-11, mss)

BARACK OBAMA has proposed … globalization to poor countries.

Only the counterplan is morally worthwhile

Machan, Auburn University philosophy professor emeritus, 95

(Tibor, Ph.D in Philosophy from UC Santa Barbara, Hoover Institution research fellow, and Cato Institute adjunct scholar, Private Rights & Public Illusions, 1995, pg 68-9, google books, accessed 10-27-11, mss)

All governmental …the philosopher John Locke.

Reject the plan a priori- moral questions must be evaluated before consequences

Schwartz, Intellectual Activist founder and editor, 89

(Peter, "On Moral Sanctions," reprinted from The Intellectual Activist, Vol 5, No 1, 1989, www.aynrand.org/site/PageServer?pagename=objectivism_sanctions, accessed 10-27-11, mss)

Moral judgment, and anti-life and can offer no value.

Text: The United States Supreme Court should rule that [Insert Target Country’s people] right to democracy requires [Insert Plan Mandates]

Right to democracy creates a legal obligation for promotion

Glen, Georgetown law professor, 2011

(Patrick, “Democracy Promotion in the Obama Administration: An Opportunity to Match Action to Rhetoric”, http://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1494&context=facpub, ldg)

Advocacy for a “right …over two centuries ago.

Deference is increasing with globalization-CP key to reverse this.

Downs et al., NYU law professor, 2010

(George, “National Courts, Domestic Democracy, and the Evolution of International Law”. The European Journal of International Law , Volume 20, Number 1, April, http://www.ejil.org/pdfs/20/1/1783.pdf, ldg)

The traditional deference …of environmental protection

And, Deference ensures military induced extinction

Kellman, Depaul law professor, 1989

(Barry, “ARTICLE: JUDICIAL ABDICATION OF MILITARY TORT ACCOUNTABILITY: BUT WHO IS TO GUARD THE GUARDS THEMSELVES?”, December, 1989 Duke L.J. 1597, lexis, ldg)

In this era of thermonuclear …of thermonuclear holocaust.