The Plan: The United States Federal Government should substantially increase its democracy assistance for Egypt by funding non-governmental civil society organizations.
Contention One: Inherency
No aid to civil society groups now
Sharp, Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs, 8-23-11
(Jeremy M., "Egypt in Transition", a report by the Congressional Research Service,
http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/RL33003.pdf, accessed 9-14-11) RKB
The degree of U.S. direct support . . . . Egypt-approved consensual, government-to-government projects.14
AND, increases in funding go to US contractors, not real NGOs
Allen, Editor of Democracy Digest, 8-19-11
(Michael , "Egypt’s military doing ‘exactly what Mubarak did’ to stifle democrats"
http://www.demdigest.net/blog/2011/08/egypts-military-doing-exactly-what-mubarak-did-to-stifle-democrats/, accessed 9-14-11) RKB
The US announced $65 million in .. . . . should only fund government-approved NGOs.
Contention Two: Solvency
Their civil society fails arguments don't apply- NGOs are net positive for development
Tusalem, Arkansas State political science professor, 2007
(Rollin, “A Boon or a Bane? The Role of Civil Society in Third- and Fourth-Wave Democracies”, International Political Science Review 2007 28: 361, SAGE, ldg)
Numerous studies have argued that the . . . . . . . .of democratic governance and institutional performance.
Civil society makes developmental aid effective- the aff solves the alt causes
Abdou, Middle East Youth Initiative advisor, 2011
(Ehaab, “Participation of Youth and Civil Society Key to Ensuring a More Equitable Future for Egypt and the Arab Region”, 5-29, http://www.shababinclusion.org/content/blog/detail/1817/, ldg)
Although President Obama’s recent remarks .. .. . . ..from inception and planning to implementation.
Oppresed Egyptians call for USAID
El-Din, Al-Ahram Weekly, 2011
(Gamal Essam, “US aid to Egypt’s civil society: a need, a blessing and a curse” http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/1/17749/Egypt/US-aid-to-Egypts-civil-society-a-need,-a-blessing-.aspx 9/15/11)
According to a Middle East Online study on US aid in Egypt………………… however, has triggered a spate of adverse effects on several fronts
Aid doesn’t lead to elite NGO’s
Sabatini, Council of the Americas senior policy director, 2002
(Christopher, “Whom do international donors support in the name of civil society?”, Development in Practice, Volume 12, Number 1, February 2002, ebsco, ldg)
The results of the survey present us with a mixed bag. In contradiction to many of the charges leveled against donor-funded……………………. sources and developed at least a limited capacity to raise funds locally.
Signal- US action is key to solve- AND our spotlight effect overwhelms any backlash or say no arguments
Hawthorne, Washington Institute Arab politics research fellow, 1
(Amy, Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Council on Foreign Relations term member, Carnegie Endowment specialist with expertise in domestic Arab politics, human rights, and the possibility of democratic change in the Arab world, Arab Reform Bulletin editor, from 1996 to 2000 Hawthorne was senior program officer for the Middle East at the International Foundation for Election Systems, a U.S.-based NGO, where she designed and managed democracy promotion programs across the Arab world, "Promoting Religious Freedom in the Middle East, Post-September 11," testimony before the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC07.php?CID=10, accessed 9-23-11, mss)
Specifically, this means that the United States will need to shed its reluctance to engage local leaders on the highly………………….. can make an educated choice about how best to order their own societies so as to be constructive, productive members of the global community.
Leveraging military aid solves- more civil society support is key to prevent SCAF crackdown
Isenberg, Roosevelt Institute deputy director, 2-2
(Taylor Jo, "As Tension Rise, the U.S. Should Stand with Egypt's Civil Society to Develop Democracy," 2-2-12, www.policymic.com/articles/3820/as-tension-rise-the-u-s-should-stand-with-egypt-s-civil-society-to-develop-democracy, accessed 2-13-12, mss)
Tensions between Washington and Cairo hit a new………………………… aid, a reality of geopolitical priorities for decades, would be a move toward aligning interests and values.
Crackdown has nothing to do with US aid and SCAF Will Backdown
Chicago Tribune 2/7
(Marwa AwadReuters, “Egypt officials see end to U.S. NGO stand-off” http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/sns-rt-us-egypt-usatre8161f4-20120207,0,3734341.story accessed 2-11-12, mjl)
CAIRO (Reuters) - Egypt's government will back down in a stand-off with Washington…………………………. , is struggling to find a comfortable relationship with the men who replaced him in power
They can’t survive without aid-they’ll cave.
Gilran et al., Max Security Solutions , 1-6-12
(Ron, “Egypt’s Anti-Western Future: Rhetoric or Reality?”, http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=49859, DOA: 1-18-12, ldg)
American foreign aid to Egypt is estimated at roughly 2 billion dollars annually, with $1.3 billion……………………………. deter prospective investors as well as tourists from the West.
Egypt Affirmative - Credibility Advantage - 1AC
The plan is key to US credibility- civil society reform is the litmus test of US involvement in the Middle East
Kramer and Puddington, president and director of research of Freedom House, 8-4-11
(David J. and Arch, "Look to the cold war to chill fresh calls for American isolationism"
http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/Opinion/2011/0804/Look-to-the-cold-war-to-chill-fresh-calls-for-American-isolationism, accessed 9-14-11) RKB
To be sure, Americans’ unease with. . . . . . . will certainly count itself among the losers.
Credibility in the Middle East is key to overall hegemony – ensures alliances
Phillips, Middle Eastern affairs analyst, 2010
(Chris, “US hegemony in the Middle East is ending”, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/may/31/us-hegemony-middle-east-ending, ldg)
While the Bush era saw the . . . . .. . …in the Middle East could be ending.
Hegemony solves nuke war and extinction-multipolarity is inevitable but absolute US power smooths the transition and is empirically correlated to perpetual great-power peace
Barnett, Naval War College Warfare Analysis & Research Department professor, 2011
(Thomas, “The New Rules: Leadership Fatigue Puts U.S., and Globalization, at Crossroads”, 3-7, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8099/the-new-rules-leadership-fatigue-puts-u-s-and-globalization-at-crossroads, DOA: 10-9-11, ldg)
Let me be more blunt: As the guardian of globalization, the U.S……………………………… power, in all of its forms, deeply embedded in the geometry to come.
U.S. hegemonic decline causes global great-power war, collapses trade and spreads economic nationalism and protectionism
Zhang et al., Carnegie Endowment researcher, 2011
(Yuhan, “America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry”, 1-22, http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/, DOA: 9-21-11, ldg)
This does not necessarily mean that the US is in systemic decline, but it encompasses………………………… in a future that will inevitably be devoid of unrivalled US primacy.
No risk of their heg bad turns---US engagement and reintervention are inevitable---it’s only a question of making it effective---the plan prevents failed engagement that triggers their turns
Kagan, Brooking senior foreign policy fellow, 2011
(Robert, "The Price of Power" Weekly Standard, 1-24, www.weeklystandard.com/articles/price-power_533696.html?page=3, DOA: 10-11-11, ldg)
In theory, the United States could refrain from intervening abroad…………………………………….. The world is better off, and the United States is better off, in the kind of international system that American power has built and defended.
*only sometimes
Focus on strategic deterrence and democracy are key to adverting crisis escalation—reject the infinite number of root causes that debilitate action
Moore, UVA law professor, 2004
(John, “Beyond the Democratic Peace: Solving the War Puzzle”, 44 Va. J. Int'l L. 341, Winter, lexis, ldg)
If major interstate war is predominantly a product of a synergy between a potential nondemocratic……………………………………. transition to stable democracy or vice versa? And what, in general, happens when levels of deterrence are dramatically increased or decreased?
Human Rights Advantage
Military rule in Egypt leads to rights violations
Innocent, foreign policy analyst at the Cato Institute and Bouasri professor of Arab Studies at the International Center for Language Studies, 4-21-11
(Malou and Abdelilah respectively, “End US Aid to Egypt” CATO Institute <https://store.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=13047 WDW)
Sadly, in Egypt's case, a freely .. . . . . . curfew and a ban on demonstrations.
Egypt’s military destroys free speech
Freedom House; Independent watchdog organization 2011
(Freedom House Press Release; “Egyptian Military Sends Troubling Signal With Sentencing of Blogger” WDW)
Freedom House strongly condemns today’s sentencing . . . . . .Free in Freedom of the Press 2010.
The plan solves- civil society reform promotes governmental transparency and checks corruption
Bakolias, Fordham JD, 2000
(Maria, “Legal and Judicial Development: The Role of Civil Society in the Reform Process”, Fordham International Law Journal, Volume 24, Issue 6 2000 Article 3, http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1778&context=ilj, ldg)
Another pressing issue is that many. . . . . . , it could be a more active role.
Each invasion of freedom must be rejected- our impact outweighs
Petro, 74
(Prof of Law @ Wake Forest, Toledo Law Review, n. pag.)
It is seldom that liberty of . . . . . identified and resisted with undying spirit.
Stability Advantage - 1AC
Civil society in Egypt is unstable now- after-effects of the revolution
Sharp Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs 2011
(Jeremy, “Egypt in Transition” WDW)
However, rapid political change also has. . . . . . . , as a possible model for Egypt to emulate.
Political instability causes regional transition wars that risk escalation- AND Democracy assistance solves - it provides certainty and decreases conflict
Savun and Tirone, University of Pittsburg Political Science assistant professor, 11
[Burcu, University of Pittsburg Political Science assistant professor, and Daniel, University of Pittsburgh political science Ph.D. Candidate, "Foreign Aid, Democratization, and Civil Conflict: How Does Democracy Aid Affect Civil Conflict?," American Journal of Political Science, Vol 55 Issue 2, p233-246, April 2011, Wiley Online Library, accessed 5-16-11, mss]
It has been suggested that democratizing states.. . . . . , and projecting avenues for future research.
Failed states cause great power wars – power vacuums and competing interests make intervention inevitable – effectiveness key to deter escalation
Grygiel, John Hopkins IR professor, 2009
(Jakub, “Vacuum Wars: The Coming Competition Over Failed States,” American Interest, Jul/Aug 2009, http://www.the-american-interest.com/article.cfm?piece=622, ldg)
Mention “failed states” in an academic . . . . . . . direct involvement of two or more powers.
