UK Egypt Religious Freedom 1AC
Plan - The United States federal government should provide assistance for the promotion of religious freedom in Egypt.

Advantage One - U.S./Egyptian Cooperation
The United State’s exclusive focus on religious minority persecution in Egypt reinforces fears that religious freedom requires suppression of Islam.
Shah 2011
Timothy, Associate Director of the Religious Freedom Project at the Berkley Center For Religion, Peace, and World Affairs and Visiting Assistant Professor in the Government Department, Georgetown University, A Fully Free Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/timothy-samuel-shah-on-a-fully-free-egypt
On May 19, 2011, President Obama…those convictions in the public square.

Additionally, Obama’s strategy actively exacerbates persecution.  
Farr 2010
Thomas, Professor of Religion and International Affairs, Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, A Freedom Deferred, America: The National Catholic Weekly, http://www.americamagazine.org/content/article.cfm?article_id=12390
a purely antipersecution strategy…will enhance international peace.

This risks sanctions, aid cuts & undermines relations.
Timmerman 2011
Ken, Congress to Press Obama on Religious Persecution, Newsmax, 1/21, http://www.newsmax.com/KenTimmerman/Congress-Obama-religiouspersecution-humanrights/2011/01/21/id/383543
Designation by the commission could lead…for the United States to reduce aid to Egypt.”

Changing U.S. religious freedom policy is key - Exclusion promotes extremism while political inclusion causes moderation.
Philpott 2011
Daniel, Islam: A Friend or Foe of Democracy in the New Egypt? 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/daniel-philpott-on-islam-a-friend-or-foe-of-democracy-in-the-new-egypt
Nor is the Brotherhood a static organization…religious democrats that the U.S. is on their side.

Now is the key time - Pre-election preparations means more groups would be willing to accept U.S. support.
Thistlethwaite 2011
Rev. Susan Brooks, Senior Fellow at the Center for American Progress and a professor of theology at Chicago Theological Seminary and its former president, Religious Freedom Amid the Arab Spring, 5/25, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/05/religious_freedom_arab_spring.html
Waiting until after elections have solidified…power, whether religious or secular.

Lack of religious freedom in Egypt collapses the Middle East.
Bandow 2011
Doug, Senior Fellow at the Cato Institute and the Senior Fellow in International Religious Persecution at the Institute on Religion and Public Policy, What Kind of Revolution?, 7/13, http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=13348
those who hoped the Egyptian revolution would…the rest of the Middle East.

Religious extremism makes deterrence irrelevant - Creates a unique risk of extinction.
Beres 2011
Louis Rene, Israel, anarchy and global chaos, 8/17, http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Op-EdContributors/Article.aspx?id=234092
The probability of expanding Middle East…effects would be chaotic.

Promoting religious political inclusion is critical to continued U.S./Egyptian counterterrorism cooperation.
Pillar 2011
Paul, Avoiding Extremism in Egypt (and Beyond), 2/15, http://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/avoiding-extremism-egypt-beyond-4899
In Egypt the Muslim Brotherhood has…would continue

U.S./Egyptian cooperation is the cornerstone for counterterrorism intelligence in the region.
Sheridan & Warrick 2011
Mary Beth, Joby, U.S.-Egyptian anti-terror partnership in question, Washington Post, http://articles.sfgate.com/2011-02-13/news/28532470_1_muslim-brotherhood-egyptian-government-islamist
With the ouster of President…fundamentalism and its international dimensions

Additionally, the Arab Spring and declining relations with Pakistan have created an intelligence gap - loss of cooperation with key states leaves America open to attack.
United Press International 2011
Arab revolts jolt Western intelligence, http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2011/05/31/Arab-revolts-jolt-Western-intelligence/UPI-96301306867145/
The toppling of the pro-Western rulers…disastrous for the West.

Egypt is the key.
Agency France Press 2011
US anxious to retain Egypt in fight against terror, 2/6, http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/5070/Egypt/Politics-/US-anxious-to-retain-Egypt-in-fight-against-terror.aspx
US officials acknowledge the…fight against Al-Qaeda," a US official said.

Counterterrorism intelligence is crucial to defeating al Qaeda.
Walsh 2010
James Igoe, Emerging Transnational (In)security Governance, 44
A top foreign policy priority…places it on the frontline against terrorism.”

Al Qaeda will attack the United States with nuclear weapons - Plans are already being developed.
Mowatt-Larssen 2011
Rolf, Senior Fellow at Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, and former Director of Intelligence and Counterintelligence at the U.S. Department of Energy, he served for 23 years as a CIA intelligence officer in various posts, to include Chief of the Europe Division in the Directorate of Operations, Chief of the Weapons of Mass Destruction Department, Counterterrorist Center, and Deputy Associate Director of Central Intelligence for Military Support, April 18th, http://www.rahimkanani.com/2011/04/18/a-career-u-s-intelligence-officer-on-al-qaeda-nuclear-terrorism-and-the-nuclear-threat/
Nuclear terrorism is inextricably…against the US in the near future.

Nuclear terrorism causes extinction.
Sid-Ahmed 2004
Mohamed, political analyst, August 26 – September 1, 2004, Al-Ahram Weekly On-Line, http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/705/op5.htm
a nuclear attack by terrorists…we will all be losers.

U.S. assistance programs are critical to reverse Anti-American resistance to religious freedom promotion.  
Farr & Hoover 2009
Thomas F., visiting associate professor of religion and international affairs at Georgetown University’s Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. He also directs the Religion and U.S. Foreign Policy Program at the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, where he is a senior fellow, Dennis R., vice president for research and publications at the Institute for Global Engagement (IGE). He also directs IGE’s Center on Faith & International Affairs and is the founding editor of The Review of Faith & International Affairs, The Future of U.S. International Religious Freedom Policy, https://www.globalengage.org/attachments/829_IRFpolicyreport_final_lowres.pdf  
Moreover, there is a widespread perception…in any systematic way.

A policy of religious freedom promotion to Egypt would create consistent principles that could sustain religious liberty.  
Inboden 2011
William, Assistant Professor at the LBJ School of Public Affairs and Distinguished Scholar at the Strauss Center for International Security and Law at the University of Texas-Austin & Non-Resident Fellow with the German Marshall Fund of the United States, US Religious Freedom Policy in the New Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/william-inboden-on-us-religious-freedom-policy-in-the-new-egypt
One position does not a policy make…for good or for ill.

Advantage Two - International Religious Freedom
Lack of aid for religious freedom Egypt sends a signal of U.S. indifference.
Zeman 2010
William F., US report on religious freedom puts egypt on ‘watch list,’ Daily News Egypt, http://www.coptsunited.com/Details.php?I=167&A=1294
The USCIRF called for US President…do anything about it.”

This undercuts religious freedom and global stability - Egypt’s prominence makes it a key litmus test.
Halim 2007
Cameel, Coptic Assembly of America Chairman, Testimony of Cameel Halim Coalition for Defense of Human Rights Conference, http://www.copticassembly.com/showart.php?main_id=233
The only one who can have…affecting the whole world’s security.

Additionally, religious freedom assistance to Egypt can reverse this trend and revitalize global U.S. religious freedom diplomacy.
Farr 2008
Thomas, "Diplomacy in an Age of Faith: Religious Freedom and National Security," Foreign Affairs, March/April,  http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/publications/diplomacy-in-an-age-of-faith-religious-freedom-and-national-security
extremism and terrorism can…establishment blinded by secularism.

Religious movements are inevitable, suppression undermines a key lynchpin for peace.
Farr 2008
Thomas, Diplomacy in an Age of Faith: How Failing to Understand the Role of Religion Hinders America's Purposes in the World, December 17th, http://www.heritage.org/research/lecture/diplomacy-in-an-age-of-faith-how-failing-to-understand-the-role-of-religion-hinders-americas-purposes-in-the-world
One, religion is resurging around the world…it with a religious civil war. 

Religion makes these conflicts uniquely dangerous - Five reasons.
Toft, Philpott & Shah 2011
Monica Duffy, Daniel, Timothy Samuel, God’s Century: Resurgent Religion and Global Politics, Pg 150
The basic facts concerning religious civil wars…have equally “glocalized” dimensions.

Lack of religious freedom risks global war & instability including Russia China & the Korean peninsula.
Haynes 2009
Charles C., senior scholar at the First Amendment Center, Around the globe, religious freedom under assault, 5/16, http://tucsoncitizen.com/morgue/2009/05/16/116697-around-the-globe-religious-freedom-under-assault/
At a time when religious persecution…at the center of U.S. foreign policy.

And revitalized American religious freedom diplomacy solves.
Farr 2008
Thomas F., World of Faith and Freedom, pg 41
In sum, a policy of actually advancing…value-free form of democracy

Korean instability causes global war & extinction.
Lee 1999
Wha Rang, Korea Web Weekly, September 13 http://www.kimsoft.com/1997/lee0913.htm

Russian collapse causes global nuclear war and environmental destruction.
David 1999
Steven, Professor of Political Science at The Johns Hopkins University, Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb
Should Russia succumb…threat America now faces

CCP collapse results in WMD use that kills billions.
Renxing 2005
San, THE EPOCH TIMES, The CCP’s Last-ditch Gamble: Biological and Nuclear War- Hundreds of millions of deaths proposed, http://english.epochtimes.com/news/5-8-5/30931.html
it would not be surprising…and gamble with their lives.

Religious freedom is key to value to life.
Shah 2011
Timothy, Associate Director of the Religious Freedom Project at the Berkley Center For Religion, Peace, and World Affairs and Visiting Assistant Professor in the Government Department, Georgetown University, A Fully Free Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/timothy-samuel-shah-on-a-fully-free-egypt
The demand for religious freedom…that is not worth living       

Advantage One --- Egypt

---The United States is increasing democracy assistance to all parties in Egypt including the Muslim Brotherhood --- No unique links.

Allen November 4th 2011

Michael, Special Assistant for Government Relations and Public Affairs at the National Endowment for Democracy, US will be ‘satisfied’ if Islamists win Egypt’s election, http://www.demdigest.net/blog/2011/11/us-will-be-satisfied-if-islamists-win-egypts-election/

The United States would be “satisfied”...parties show up; sometimes they don’t

---These efforts will fail and destabilize the region absent the integration of religious freedom promotion into Egyptian democracy assistance programs.

Farr 2011

Thomas F., former American diplomat, is Visiting Associate Professor of Religion and World Affairs in the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service and a Senior Fellow at the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, & World Affairs at Georgetown University. He also chairs the Witherspoon Institute’s task force on International Religious Freedom, Preventing Another Attack: International Religious Freedom, September 23rd, http://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2011/09/4008

Religious freedom, the evidence shows...“engaging Islam,”

---However, the administration continues to sideline the promotion of religious freedom --- Focusing exclusively instead on religious minorities which creates the perception that American assistance mandates a secular muzzle on Islam.

Shah 2011

Timothy, Associate Director of the Religious Freedom Project at the Berkley Center For Religion, Peace, and World Affairs and Visiting Assistant Professor in the Government Department, Georgetown University, A Fully Free Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/timothy-samuel-shah-on-a-fully-free-egypt

There will be no moving toward a ...convictions in the public square.

---Integrating religious freedom into democracy assistance programs reverses those perceptions.

Farr & Hoover 2009

Thomas F., visiting associate professor of religion and international affairs at Georgetown University’s Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. He also directs the Religion and U.S. Foreign Policy Program at the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, where he is a senior fellow, Dennis R., vice president for research and publications at the Institute for Global Engagement (IGE). He also directs IGE’s Center on Faith & International Affairs and is the founding editor of The Review of Faith & International Affairs, The Future of U.S. International Religious Freedom Policy, https://www.globalengage.org/attachments/829_IRFpolicyreport_final_lowres.pdf  

Moreover, there is a widespread ...this in any systematic way

---Generates Egyptian support for American democracy assistance --- Overcomes alternate causalities.

Mogahed 2011

Dalia, Senior Analyst and Executive Director, Abu Dhabi Gallup Center and Gallup Center for Muslim Studies, U.S. Must Understand the Constructive Role of Faith in Egypt's Democratic Aspirations, February 1^st, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/dalia-mogahed/us-must-understand-the-co_b_816915.html

The majority of Egyptians want ...They seek the rule of law.

---Changing U.S. stance on religious freedom assistance is the defining issue for reducing religious violence.

Inboden 2011

William, Assistant Professor at the LBJ School of Public Affairs and Distinguished Scholar at the Strauss Center for International Security and Law at the University of Texas-Austin & Non-Resident Fellow with the German Marshall Fund of the United States, US Religious Freedom Policy in the New Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/william-inboden-on-us-religious-freedom-policy-in-the-new-egypt 

In Egypt one of these foremost ...for good or for ill.

Scenario One --- Israeli War

---Exclusive focus on rhetorical condemnation of sectarian violence actively exacerbates religious persecution.

Farr 2010

Thomas, Professor of Religion and International Affairs, Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, A Freedom Deferred, America: The National Catholic Weekly, http://www.americamagazine.org/content/article.cfm?article_id=12390

a purely antipersecution strategy ...will enhance international peace.

---Religious violence in Egypt destabilizes the region.

Bandow 2011

Doug, senior fellow at the Cato Institute and the senior fellow in international religious persecution at the Institute on Religion and Public Policy, Revolution no boon to the Copts, September 5^th, http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/eo20110905db.html

In Egypt the fall of Hosni Mubarak ...rest of the Middle East. 

---Specifically, Egyptian religious violence escalates tensions and emboldens Turkey & Hamas to provoke a military confrontation with Israel.

Bishop 2011

Julie, Deputy Leader of the Opposition in Australia, Shadow Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade and a board member of the West Coast Eagles, Egyptian violence has global implications, October 12^th, http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/blogs/the-bishops-gambit/egyptian-violence-has-global-implications-20111012-1ljr2.html 

The outbreak of sectarian violence ...far beyond their immediate borders

---Israeli perception of encirclement & regional resource disputes make the probability for escalation high.

Cagaptay 2011

Soner, Senior Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and is the co-author, with Scott Carpenter, ofRegenerating the U.S.-Turkey Partnership, Could Israel and Turkey go to war? September 8^th, http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2011/09/08/cagaptay-israel-turkey-conflict/ 

The Arab Spring and recent ...pour oil on the political flames

---Goes nuclear.

Chadwick 2011

Bruce P., PhD, CFA, is principal at Chadwick Global Research and Consulting, an independent consulting firm specializing in macro strategy, including quantitative, emerging market, and SRI research. Worldview: Summer Perspectives on the Arab Spring New York Society of Security Analysts, 7/6, http:// post.nyssa.org/nyssa-news/2011/07/summer-perspectives-on-the-arab-spring.html 

The United States and Israel can only ...hair-trigger will be considerable.

---Israel will respond by turning the world into a parking lot.

Morgan 2009

Dennis Ray, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin Campus, World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race, Futures 41, 683–693 

if Israel were to suffer a nuclear attack...could last as long as a 100 years

Scenario Two --- Military Purges

---Religious violence tanks the Egyptian military’s domestic & international authority and ends the U.S./Egyptian partnership.

Trager 2011

Eric, The Washington Institute's Ira Weiner fellow, is a doctoral candidate in political science at the University of Pennsylvania, where he is writing his dissertation on Egyptian opposition parties, Action by Egypt's Military Rulers against Copts Endangers Transition, October 17^th, http://www.sapulse.com/new_comments.php?id=3571_0_1_0_M13

The use of violence by Egypt's military ...against Egypt's Coptic Christians.

---This is the only scenario for a collapse of the U.S.-Egyptian military relationship.

Dunne 2011

Scholar-Middle East Institute and former staff member of the U.S. National Security Council, 2/12, http://blogs.the-american-interest.com/middleeast/2011/02/12/after-mubarak/

Egypt depends on the United States for ...transition to democracy

---Protests over religious violence escalate to civil/military confrontation & Iranian style military purges.

Abaza 2011

Khairi, senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies and a former senior official in Egypt's secular liberal Wafd Party, Egypt's Army is failing to build consensus for democracy, CNN, October 22^nd, http://www.cnn.com/2011/10/22/opinion/abaza-egypt-government/

Egypt's position is precarious enough ...itself in the same direction.

---Tens of thousands of military personnel will be executed.

Wood 2011

David, Winner of the Gerald Ford Prize for Distinguished Reporting on National Defense, lectured at the Marine Staff College, the Joint Forces Staff College and the Army's Eisenhower Fellows conference, “At Risk in Egypt's Turmoil: U.S. Military Access to the Middle East”, 2/5/11 http://www.cnas.org/node/5654  

In all of these worse-case scenarios...a cautionary tale.'

---Causes Egypt nuclear weapons development and exports sparking an arms race.

Windrem 2011

Robert, Senior investigative produce for NBC News, Concerns grow over Egypt's WMD research, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/41452744/ns/world_news-mideast_n_africa/t/concerns-grow-over-egypts-wmd-research/#.TrsDCvQr230

With Egypt in revolt ...exporting more weapons technology. 

---Results in worldwide middle power nuclear weapons acquisition.

Peña 2007

Charles V., Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute’s Center on Peace and Liberty, Nuclear Nonproliferation in the Post-9/11 World, Independent Policy Report, http://www.independent.org/pdf/policy_reports/2007-06-12-nuclear.pdf 

the possibility cannot be ignored...option back on the agenda

---Global nuclear war.

Taylor 2008

Theodore B.-, Fellow of the American Physical Society - Deputy Director of the Defense Nuclear Agency, Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, http://wwwee.stanford.edu/~hellman/Breakthrough/book/chapters/taylor.html

Nuclear proliferation - be it among ...a global nuclear war.

Advantage Two --- International Religious Freedom

—Two internal links—

(1.) “Freedom of worship” rhetoric has tanked American credibility on religious freedom diplomacy.

Liaugminas 2010

Sheila, Emmy award-winning Chicago-based journalist, Serious threat to religious freedom? Sheila Reports,  http://www.mercatornet.com/sheila_liaugminas/view/7528 

when President Obama used the phrase “freedom of worship”...around the world.

---Religious freedom promotion in Egypt restores credibility --- This card is reverse causal.

Weigel 2011

George, distinguished senior fellow of the Ethics and Public Policy Center where he holds the William E. Simon chair in Catholic Studies, Egypt’s Coptic Christians Deserve a Word from President Obama, National Review Online, http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/258498/egypts-coptic-christians-deserve-word-president-obama-george-weigel 

While the current upheaval in Egypt ...defend religious freedom in full.

(2.) Integrating religious freedom into Egyptian political efforts provides US diplomats with the religious vocabulary necessary to revitalize the American model.

Farr 2008

Thomas, "Diplomacy in an Age of Faith: Religious Freedom and National Security," Foreign Affairs, March/April,  http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/publications/diplomacy-in-an-age-of-faith-religious-freedom-and-national-security 

extremism and terrorism can ...establishment blinded by secularism.

---Only the American model has sufficient resources & capital to promote religious freedom globally.

Patterson et. al. 2011

Eric, Associate Director of the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs and has a visiting appointment in the Department of Government at Georgetown University, Transcending Traditional U.S. Foreign Policy: Track Two Diplomacy and the Challenge of Global Religious Diversity, http://repository.berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/TrackTwoDiplomacy.pdf 

Among all the Western nations...possibility of security threats

---Egypt is key --- Regional prominence makes it an important litmus test.

Halim 2007

Cameel, Coptic Assembly of America Chairman, Testimony of Cameel Halim Coalition for Defense of Human Rights Conference, http://www.copticassembly.com/showart.php?main_id=233

The only one who can have ...affecting the whole world’s security

---Revitalized religious freedom diplomacy preserves global security --- Religion defines every major scenario for conflict & transnational issue --- All your impacts are belong to us.

Farr 2009

Thomas F., Professor of Religion and International Affairs, Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. B.A., Mercer University; Ph.D., University of North Carolina, THE WIDOW'S TORMENT: INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND AMERICAN NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY, 57 Drake L. Rev. 851

systemic religious persecution, especially in highly religious societies, indicates ... and from HIV/AIDS to economic globalization

---Lack of religious freedom is the root of the world’s most violent conflicts.

Haynes 2009

Charles C., senior scholar at the First Amendment Center, Around the globe, religious freedom under assault, 5/16, http://tucsoncitizen.com/morgue/2009/05/16/116697-around-the-globe-religious-freedom-under-assault/ 

At a time when religious ... religious freedom more seriously

---Religion makes these uniquely dangerous --- Five reasons.

Toft, Philpott & Shah 2011

Monica Duffy, Daniel, Timothy Samuel, God’s Century: Resurgent Religion and Global Politics, Pg 150 

The basic facts concerning religious civil wars reveal some ... have equally “glocalized” dimensions.

---Our impact is systemic --- Hundreds of millions risk death because of their faith every day.

Grieboski 2011

Joseph K., founder of the Institute on Religion and Public Policy. Huffington Post: “It is Time to Prioritize Religious Freedom in U.S. Policy” June 8 2011 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/joseph-k-grieboski/it-is-time-to-prioritize-_b_872758.html 

In the twentieth century alone...choose to pray or not to pray.

---Specifically, lack of religious freedom collapses Tajikistan.

Quinn & Paxton 2011

Andrew, Robin, Clinton disfavours efforts to crackdown on religious freedom, Financial Express, http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/more.php?date=2011-10-24&news_id=153850

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton warned Tajikistan ...stability and security of the country." 

---Tajikistan instability draws in regional powers & escalates to nuclear war.

Richter 1994

Anthony H., Special Advisor to the President of the Soros Foundations Before the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Subcommittee on Europe and the Middle East, 9/22, Prepared Testimony, Federal News Service, http://www.archive.org/stream/developmentsinta00unit/developmentsinta00unit_djvu.txt 

 Tajikistan affects an entire region...weapons of mass destruction. 

---Religious freedom is the most significant tool in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS.

Pusateri 2010

David P., managing partner at the Pittsburgh Office of McGuireWoods, LLP. He is also a member of the ABA AIDS Coordinating Committee, Faith-Based Organizations and the HIV/AIDS Pandemic, Human Rights, Spring, Vol. 37, No. 2, http://www.americanbar.org/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/irr_hr_spring10_pusateri.html

freedom of religion and ...affect the severity of the disease.

---Extinction.

Muchiri 2000

Michael Kibaara, Staff Member at Ministry of Education in Nairobi, “Will Annan finally put out Africa’s fires?” Jakarta Post, March 6, https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2000/03/06/will-annan-finally-put-out-africa039s-fires.html

AIDS is the leading killer ...and maybe the human race. 

---Lack of religious freedom inevitably triggers nuclear war between Indian & Pakistan.

Bonney 2004

Richard, Director of the Institute for the study of Indo-Pakistan relations, University of Leicester, Religious Radicalism and Nuclear Confrontation in South Asia, www.policyarchitects.org/pdf/nuclear%20south%20asia.pdf 

in the area of religious radicalism ...nuclear danger in its own right.

---Even a limited exchange will blot out the sun & kill everything.

Robock & Toon 2010

Alan, Professor II Department of Environmental Sciences School of Environmental and Biological Sciences @ Rutgers University, Owen Brian, professor of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and a fellow at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) @ the University of Colorado, South Asian Threat? Local Nuclear War = Global Suffering, Scientific America, January, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=local-nuclear-war  

Nuclear bombs dropped ...mass starvation could follow