UK Egypt Religious Freedom 1AC
Plan - The United States federal government should provide assistance for the promotion of religious freedom in Egypt.

Advantage One - U.S./Egyptian Cooperation
The United State’s exclusive focus on religious minority persecution in Egypt reinforces fears that religious freedom requires suppression of Islam.
Shah 2011
Timothy, Associate Director of the Religious Freedom Project at the Berkley Center For Religion, Peace, and World Affairs and Visiting Assistant Professor in the Government Department, Georgetown University, A Fully Free Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/timothy-samuel-shah-on-a-fully-free-egypt
On May 19, 2011, President Obama…those convictions in the public square.

Additionally, Obama’s strategy actively exacerbates persecution.  
Farr 2010
Thomas, Professor of Religion and International Affairs, Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, A Freedom Deferred, America: The National Catholic Weekly, http://www.americamagazine.org/content/article.cfm?article_id=12390
a purely antipersecution strategy…will enhance international peace.

This risks sanctions, aid cuts & undermines relations.
Timmerman 2011
Ken, Congress to Press Obama on Religious Persecution, Newsmax, 1/21, http://www.newsmax.com/KenTimmerman/Congress-Obama-religiouspersecution-humanrights/2011/01/21/id/383543
Designation by the commission could lead…for the United States to reduce aid to Egypt.”

Changing U.S. religious freedom policy is key - Exclusion promotes extremism while political inclusion causes moderation.
Philpott 2011
Daniel, Islam: A Friend or Foe of Democracy in the New Egypt? 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/daniel-philpott-on-islam-a-friend-or-foe-of-democracy-in-the-new-egypt
Nor is the Brotherhood a static organization…religious democrats that the U.S. is on their side.

Now is the key time - Pre-election preparations means more groups would be willing to accept U.S. support.
Thistlethwaite 2011
Rev. Susan Brooks, Senior Fellow at the Center for American Progress and a professor of theology at Chicago Theological Seminary and its former president, Religious Freedom Amid the Arab Spring, 5/25, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/05/religious_freedom_arab_spring.html
Waiting until after elections have solidified…power, whether religious or secular.

Lack of religious freedom in Egypt collapses the Middle East.
Bandow 2011
Doug, Senior Fellow at the Cato Institute and the Senior Fellow in International Religious Persecution at the Institute on Religion and Public Policy, What Kind of Revolution?, 7/13, http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=13348
those who hoped the Egyptian revolution would…the rest of the Middle East.

Religious extremism makes deterrence irrelevant - Creates a unique risk of extinction.
Beres 2011
Louis Rene, Israel, anarchy and global chaos, 8/17, http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Op-EdContributors/Article.aspx?id=234092
The probability of expanding Middle East…effects would be chaotic.

Promoting religious political inclusion is critical to continued U.S./Egyptian counterterrorism cooperation.
Pillar 2011
Paul, Avoiding Extremism in Egypt (and Beyond), 2/15, http://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/avoiding-extremism-egypt-beyond-4899
In Egypt the Muslim Brotherhood has…would continue

U.S./Egyptian cooperation is the cornerstone for counterterrorism intelligence in the region.
Sheridan & Warrick 2011
Mary Beth, Joby, U.S.-Egyptian anti-terror partnership in question, Washington Post, http://articles.sfgate.com/2011-02-13/news/28532470_1_muslim-brotherhood-egyptian-government-islamist
With the ouster of President…fundamentalism and its international dimensions

Additionally, the Arab Spring and declining relations with Pakistan have created an intelligence gap - loss of cooperation with key states leaves America open to attack.
United Press International 2011
Arab revolts jolt Western intelligence, http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2011/05/31/Arab-revolts-jolt-Western-intelligence/UPI-96301306867145/
The toppling of the pro-Western rulers…disastrous for the West.

Egypt is the key.
Agency France Press 2011
US anxious to retain Egypt in fight against terror, 2/6, http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/5070/Egypt/Politics-/US-anxious-to-retain-Egypt-in-fight-against-terror.aspx
US officials acknowledge the…fight against Al-Qaeda," a US official said.

Counterterrorism intelligence is crucial to defeating al Qaeda.
Walsh 2010
James Igoe, Emerging Transnational (In)security Governance, 44
A top foreign policy priority…places it on the frontline against terrorism.”

Al Qaeda will attack the United States with nuclear weapons - Plans are already being developed.
Mowatt-Larssen 2011
Rolf, Senior Fellow at Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, and former Director of Intelligence and Counterintelligence at the U.S. Department of Energy, he served for 23 years as a CIA intelligence officer in various posts, to include Chief of the Europe Division in the Directorate of Operations, Chief of the Weapons of Mass Destruction Department, Counterterrorist Center, and Deputy Associate Director of Central Intelligence for Military Support, April 18th, http://www.rahimkanani.com/2011/04/18/a-career-u-s-intelligence-officer-on-al-qaeda-nuclear-terrorism-and-the-nuclear-threat/
Nuclear terrorism is inextricably…against the US in the near future.

Nuclear terrorism causes extinction.
Sid-Ahmed 2004
Mohamed, political analyst, August 26 – September 1, 2004, Al-Ahram Weekly On-Line, http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/705/op5.htm
a nuclear attack by terrorists…we will all be losers.

U.S. assistance programs are critical to reverse Anti-American resistance to religious freedom promotion.  
Farr & Hoover 2009
Thomas F., visiting associate professor of religion and international affairs at Georgetown University’s Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. He also directs the Religion and U.S. Foreign Policy Program at the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, where he is a senior fellow, Dennis R., vice president for research and publications at the Institute for Global Engagement (IGE). He also directs IGE’s Center on Faith & International Affairs and is the founding editor of The Review of Faith & International Affairs, The Future of U.S. International Religious Freedom Policy, https://www.globalengage.org/attachments/829_IRFpolicyreport_final_lowres.pdf  
Moreover, there is a widespread perception…in any systematic way.

A policy of religious freedom promotion to Egypt would create consistent principles that could sustain religious liberty.  
Inboden 2011
William, Assistant Professor at the LBJ School of Public Affairs and Distinguished Scholar at the Strauss Center for International Security and Law at the University of Texas-Austin & Non-Resident Fellow with the German Marshall Fund of the United States, US Religious Freedom Policy in the New Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/william-inboden-on-us-religious-freedom-policy-in-the-new-egypt
One position does not a policy make…for good or for ill.

Advantage Two - International Religious Freedom
Lack of aid for religious freedom Egypt sends a signal of U.S. indifference.
Zeman 2010
William F., US report on religious freedom puts egypt on ‘watch list,’ Daily News Egypt, http://www.coptsunited.com/Details.php?I=167&A=1294
The USCIRF called for US President…do anything about it.”

This undercuts religious freedom and global stability - Egypt’s prominence makes it a key litmus test.
Halim 2007
Cameel, Coptic Assembly of America Chairman, Testimony of Cameel Halim Coalition for Defense of Human Rights Conference, http://www.copticassembly.com/showart.php?main_id=233
The only one who can have…affecting the whole world’s security.

Additionally, religious freedom assistance to Egypt can reverse this trend and revitalize global U.S. religious freedom diplomacy.
Farr 2008
Thomas, "Diplomacy in an Age of Faith: Religious Freedom and National Security," Foreign Affairs, March/April,  http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/publications/diplomacy-in-an-age-of-faith-religious-freedom-and-national-security
extremism and terrorism can…establishment blinded by secularism.

Religious movements are inevitable, suppression undermines a key lynchpin for peace.
Farr 2008
Thomas, Diplomacy in an Age of Faith: How Failing to Understand the Role of Religion Hinders America's Purposes in the World, December 17th, http://www.heritage.org/research/lecture/diplomacy-in-an-age-of-faith-how-failing-to-understand-the-role-of-religion-hinders-americas-purposes-in-the-world
One, religion is resurging around the world…it with a religious civil war. 

Religion makes these conflicts uniquely dangerous - Five reasons.
Toft, Philpott & Shah 2011
Monica Duffy, Daniel, Timothy Samuel, God’s Century: Resurgent Religion and Global Politics, Pg 150
The basic facts concerning religious civil wars…have equally “glocalized” dimensions.

Lack of religious freedom risks global war & instability including Russia China & the Korean peninsula.
Haynes 2009
Charles C., senior scholar at the First Amendment Center, Around the globe, religious freedom under assault, 5/16, http://tucsoncitizen.com/morgue/2009/05/16/116697-around-the-globe-religious-freedom-under-assault/
At a time when religious persecution…at the center of U.S. foreign policy.

And revitalized American religious freedom diplomacy solves.
Farr 2008
Thomas F., World of Faith and Freedom, pg 41
In sum, a policy of actually advancing…value-free form of democracy

Korean instability causes global war & extinction.
Lee 1999
Wha Rang, Korea Web Weekly, September 13 _{http://www.kimsoft.com/1997/lee0913.htm}

Russian collapse causes global nuclear war and environmental destruction.
David 1999
Steven, Professor of Political Science at The Johns Hopkins University, Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb
Should Russia succumb…threat America now faces

CCP collapse results in WMD use that kills billions.
Renxing 2005
San, THE EPOCH TIMES, The CCP’s Last-ditch Gamble: Biological and Nuclear War- Hundreds of millions of deaths proposed, http://english.epochtimes.com/news/5-8-5/30931.html
it would not be surprising…and gamble with their lives.

Religious freedom is key to value to life.
Shah 2011
Timothy, Associate Director of the Religious Freedom Project at the Berkley Center For Religion, Peace, and World Affairs and Visiting Assistant Professor in the Government Department, Georgetown University, A Fully Free Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/timothy-samuel-shah-on-a-fully-free-egypt
The demand for religious freedom…that is not worth living       
         

Islamic groups won’t work with the European Union - It’s comparatively less credible.   
Wittes 2009
Tamara Cofman, Saban Center at Brookings,
AND
Repairing the Breach, Analysis Paper No. 18
In dealings with some states, the European
AND
follow through on promises to support democratization.30 

The EU model privileges politics to the exclusion of religion.
Donnelly 2011
Rev Nick, deacon of the Diocese of
AND
http://protectthepope.com/?p=3251
The freedom of religion and conscience is thus
AND
doors of our churches, mosques and synagogues. 

Europe wont promote religious freedom even if they could - No political will.
Uzzell 2004
Lawrence, president of International Religious Freedom Watch
AND
national-interest-2588?page=2
Unlike other human rights, however, religious
AND
European Union over their right to exclude women. 

Turn - Small Arms
(a.) New EU assistance to Egypt trades off with aid to Sub-Saharan Africa.
Youngs 2008
Richard, director of the democratization program at
AND
19.2 (2008) 160-169
Who Receives Democracy Assistance? Sub-Saharan
AND
to the detriment of sub-Saharan Africa. 

(b.) EU aid is key to fight Sub Saharan small arms trafficking that kills millions every year.
Mwaura 2010
Paul, EU to Spend €3.3 Million in Curbing Trafficking of Small Arms in Africa, Newstime Africa, March 1st,  http://www.newstimeafrica.com/archives/11091
The European Union is funding a pilot project
AND
escalates proliferation of illicit guns in some region.

EU process takes longer.
Zulueta-Fülscher-Visiting Fellow at the EU Institute for Security Studies-2/11
http://www.iss.europa.eu/publications/detail/article/europe-in-tunisia-a-standby-actor-or-the-main-character/
The EU is a hybrid – existing somewhere
AND
, and can sometimes be long and cumbersome.

Egypt won’t attack Israel
Miller 2011 (Aaron David, public policy scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Washington Post: “Why Israel fears a free Egypt” Feb 4 2011 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/04/AR2011020402774.html)
Among Israel's most dire fears: Would a
AND
the uncertain transition after President Hosni Mubarak's departure. 

No impact to peace treaty dissolution- Economy, Foreign investments, and weak military- even if Egypt hates Israel
Byman 2011 (Daniel, Porfessor in the Security Studies at Georgetown University and Research Director of the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at Brookings Institute. Washington Quarterly: “Israel’s pessimistic view of the Arab Spring” Summer 2011 http://www.twq.com/11summer/docs/11summer_Byman.pdf)
To be clear, no Egyptian government is
AND
tumult overturns all the certainties of past decades

NU-Egypt Aid
McInerney, Executive Director of the Project on Middle East Democracy, 7-11
Stephen, Federal Budget and Appropriations for FY
AND
Report-web.pdf, p 16.
Soon after Mubarak’s ouster, the administration announced
AND
been obligated to various Egyptian and international organizations.

-NU-Libya dwarfs the plan and is ongoing
ABC News 8/22/11   http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/08/us-military-intervention-in-libya-cost-at-least-896-million-/
The cost of U.S. military
AND
military lingo for Meals, Ready to Eat). 

-NU-Foreign aid debate swamps
A. Big budget fight coming-the plan would be part of the existing debate
The Hill 9/7/11  http://thehill.com/homenews/senate/180079-senate-appropriators-draw-2012-battle-lines-over-programs-to-cut
Senate appropriators on Wednesday approved a broad spending
AND
new fiscal year begins on Oct. 1. 

The plan is a blip on the radar
Carothers-Carnegie Endowment for International Peace-99 Aiding Democracy Abroad p. 61
As it is only a small fraction of
AND
—but they nonetheless merit attention and analysis-

No congressional debate-reprogrammed aid
Huffington Post 5/18/11
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/05/18/obama-middle-east-speech-billions-aid_n_863927.html
None of the money requires new spending from
AND
these initiatives," said another senior administration official.

Winners Win
Ornstein, 2001 (Norman, American Enterprise Institute, How is Bush Governing?, May 15, http://www.aei.org/events/filter.,eventID.281/transcript.asp)
The best plan is to pick two significant
AND
get it back with a very healthy premium.

South Korea and China wouldn’t consider war- they both strongly encourage peace.
Kang, Dartmouth Government Professor, 08
(David C., Professor in the Government
AND )

Beijing appears to desire, first and foremost
AND
and avoiding a costly collapse of the regime. 

Only Religious leaders solve
Boyle 2011 (Jenna Larson, intern Institute for Global Engagement and MA in History from Boston College, focusing on Islamic Studies and Mediterranean Societies. The Review of Faith and International Affiars: “Religious Leaders and Reform in Post-Mubarak Egypt” May 4 2011 http://rfiaonline.org/extras/articles/750-religious-leaders-and-reform-in-post-mubarak-egypt#_edn10)
Addressing religious tensions. Interfaith marriages, proselytization
AND
accomplish something that Mubarak's despotic rule never did. 

Education - Key to real world education & policy change.
Joyner 1999  
Christopher, Professor of International Law at University of Georgetown, 1999, “Teaching International Law: Views from an international relations political scientist”
The debate exercises carry several specific educational objectives
AND
analysis, political critique, and legal defense.

-Critical alternative’s to democracy undermine structural impediments to totalitarianism & turns the k.
Nineham 2011
Chris, Don’t Knock Democracy: Review of
AND
reviews/12748-dont-knock-democracy
Worse still, one-sided contempt for
AND
or even back to monolithic forms of rule.  

Human action makes predictions possible – we can deduce value and the probability through observation that avoids essentialist views of the subject.
Caplan 2001
Bryan, assistant professor of economics at George
AND
pdf/qjae4_2_6.pdf
But how can these claims about probability be
AND
the probability that I have an evil twin?”

Plan: The United States federal government should provide assistance for the promotion of religious freedom in Egypt.

Advantage One – Egypt

---The United States religious freedom policy in Egypt is failing --- Focus on religious minority persecution reinforces perceptions that religious freedom requires suppression of Islam.

Shah 2011 Timothy, Associate Director of the Religious Freedom Project at the Berkley Center For Religion, Peace, and World Affairs and Visiting Assistant Professor in the Government Department, Georgetown University, A Fully Free Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/timothy-samuel-shah-on-a-fully-free-egypt

There will be no moving toward a …those convictions in the public square.

---Exclusive focus on condemnation actively exacerbates religious persecution. 

Farr 2010 Thomas, Professor of Religion and International Affairs, Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, A Freedom Deferred, America: The National Catholic Weekly, http://www.americamagazine.org/content/article.cfm?article_id=12390

What lessons can be gleaned from I.R.F…. And it will enhance international peace.

---Democracy assistance is increasing now but lacks religious engagement.

Farr 2011 Thomas, former American diplomat, is Visiting Associate Professor of Religion and World Affairs in the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service and a Senior Fellow at the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, & World Affairs at Georgetown University. He also chairs the Witherspoon Institute’s task force on International Religious Freedom, The 9/11 Collection: Tom Farr on Engaging Islam, September 12^th, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/publications/the-911-collection-tom-farr-on-engaging-islam

Incorporate religious communities in … in Muslim nations: religious communities.

---That’s key to a stable democratic transition in Egypt --- Religious freedom must be incorporated into democracy assistance to be effective.

Farr 2011 Thomas F., former American diplomat, is Visiting Associate Professor of Religion and World Affairs in the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service and a Senior Fellow at the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, & World Affairs at Georgetown University. He also chairs the Witherspoon Institute’s task force on International Religious Freedom, Preventing Another Attack: International Religious Freedom, September 23rd, http://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2011/09/4008

There are good reasons to believe …not substitute for policy action.

---Specifically, reverses anti-Islamic perceptions of American democracy assistance.

Farr & Hoover 2009  Thomas F., visiting associate professor of religion and international affairs at Georgetown University’s Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. He also directs the Religion and U.S. Foreign Policy Program at the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, where he is a senior fellow, Dennis R., vice president for research and publications at the Institute for Global Engagement (IGE). He also directs IGE’s Center on Faith & International Affairs and is the founding editor of The Review of Faith & International Affairs, The Future of U.S. International Religious Freedom Policy,

Moreover, there is a …into its operational planning or programs.

---U.S. stance on religious freedom assistance is the defining issue.

Inboden 2011 William, Assistant Professor at the LBJ School of Public Affairs and Distinguished Scholar at the Strauss Center for International Security and Law at the University of Texas-Austin & Non-Resident Fellow with the German Marshall Fund of the United States, US Religious Freedom Policy in the New Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/william-inboden-on-us-religious-freedom-policy-in-the-new-egypt

One position does not a policy …subsequent course, for good or for ill.

---That’s critical maintain Egyptian counterterrorism cooperation.

Pillar 2011 Paul, Avoiding Extremism in Egypt (and Beyond), 2/15, http://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/avoiding-extremism-egypt-beyond-4899

The United States has made …the Muslim Brotherhood played a major role.

Scenario One—Israel

---Counterterrorism cooperation repairs deteriorating relations with Israel.

Weiss 2011 Michael, Communications Director of The Henry Jackson Society, Why an Al Qaeda presence in Sinai might be good for Israeli-Egyptian relations, September 14^th, http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/michaelweiss/100104770/why-an-al-qaeda-presence-in-sinai-might-be-good-for-israeli-egyptian-relations/

Counter-intuitive thought …in security begins diplomacy.

---Egypt/Israeli relations prevent regional war.

Satloff 2011 Robert, executive director of The Washington Institute, Hanging by a Thread, September 20^th, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/opedsPDFs/4e68e438f05fd.pdf

IT’S THE GRANDDADDY OF ALL American diplomatic achievements in the Middle East. It represents one of the greatest Western victories of the Cold War. It has prevented the drift toward a region-wide Arab-Israeli military confrontation for more than 30 years. It is the foundation both …mullahs, these are mere annoyances. 

---Collapse of relations undermines Israel’s security strategy and creates multiple scenarios for escalation.

Freilich 2011 Chuck, Senior Fellow, International Security Program @ Belfer Center, "Keep the Peace Between Israel and Egypt," September 14^th, 

For more than three decades …Egypt back into confrontation with Israel.

---Goes nuclear.

Chadwick 2011 Bruce P., PhD, CFA, is principal at Chadwick Global Research and Consulting, an independent consulting firm specializing in macro strategy, including quantitative, emerging market, and SRI research. Worldview: Summer Perspectives on the Arab Spring New York Society of Security Analysts, 7/6, http:// post.nyssa.org/nyssa-news/2011/07/summer-perspectives-on-the-arab-spring.html

The United States and Israel …a hair-trigger will be considerable.

---Israel will respond by turning the world into a parking lot.

Morgan 2009 Dennis Ray, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin Campus, World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race, Futures 41, 683–693

Israeli leaders and Zionist supporters have, …the environment and fragile ecosphere as well.

Scenario Two—Al Qaeda

---Counterterrorism cooperation with Egypt is the key to defeat al Qaeda.

Agency France Press 2011 US anxious to retain Egypt in fight against terror, 2/6, http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/5070/Egypt/Politics-/US-anxious-to-retain-Egypt-in-fight-against-terror.aspx

Even without the Mubarak regime, …Al-Qaeda," a US official said.

---Egypt is the cornerstone for intelligence in the region.

Sheridan & Warrick 2011 Mary Beth, Joby, U.S.-Egyptian anti-terror partnership in question, Washington Post, http://articles.sfgate.com/2011-02-13/news/28532470_1_muslim-brotherhood-egyptian-government-islamist

With the ouster of President Hosni Mubarak, …Jane's intelligence information service.

---Loss of cooperation will be disastrous --- The Arab Spring has created a unique intelligence gap.

United Press International 2011 Arab revolts jolt Western intelligence, http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2011/05/31/Arab-revolts-jolt-Western-intelligence/UPI-96301306867145/

The toppling of the pro-Western rulers …be potentially disastrous for the West.

---Al Qaeda will attack the United States with nuclear weapons.

Mowatt-Larssen 2011 Rolf, Senior Fellow at Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, and former Director of Intelligence and Counterintelligence at the U.S. Department of Energy, he served for 23 years as a CIA intelligence officer in various posts, to include Chief of the Europe Division in the Directorate of Operations, Chief of the Weapons of Mass Destruction Department, Counterterrorist Center, and Deputy Associate Director of Central Intelligence for Military Support, April 18^th, http://www.rahimkanani.com/2011/04/18/a-career-u-s-intelligence-officer-on-al-qaeda-nuclear-terrorism-and-the-nuclear-threat/

Rahim Kanani: In assessing and analyzing …on sufficient fissile material. 

---Extinction.

Toon et al 2007 Owen B., chair of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at CU-Boulder, et al., April 19, “Atmospheric effects and societal consequences of regional scale nuclear conflicts and acts of individual nuclear terrorism,” http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/acp-7-1973-2007.pdf

To an increasing extent, …scenarios and physical outcomes.

Advantage Two – International Religious Freedom

---Adopting a policy of religious freedom promotion in Egypt revitalizes American religious freedom diplomacy.

Farr 2008 Thomas, "Diplomacy in an Age of Faith: Religious Freedom and National Security," Foreign Affairs, March/April,  http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/publications/diplomacy-in-an-age-of-faith-religious-freedom-and-national-security

U.S. aid has helped, but …establishment blinded by secularism.

---Assisting Egyptian religious freedom restores credibility --- Overcomes other issues.

Weigel 2011 George, distinguished senior fellow of the Ethics and Public Policy Center where he holds the William E. Simon chair in Catholic Studies, Egypt’s Coptic Christians Deserve a Word from President Obama, National Review Online, http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/258498/egypts-coptic-christians-deserve-word-president-obama-george-weigel

While the current upheaval in …defend religious freedom in full.

---Egypt’s prominence makes it a key litmus test for American religious freedom efforts.

Halim 2007 Cameel, Coptic Assembly of America Chairman, Testimony of Cameel Halim Coalition for Defense of Human Rights Conference, http://www.copticassembly.com/showart.php?main_id=233

We have a job to expose …that destroys the world now.

---Revitalized religious freedom diplomacy preserves global security --- Religion defines every major scenario for conflict & transnational issue --- All your impacts are belong to us.

Farr 2009 Thomas F., Professor of Religion and International Affairs, Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. B.A., Mercer University; Ph.D., University of North Carolina, THE WIDOW'S TORMENT: INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND AMERICAN NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY, 57 Drake L. Rev. 851

However, an exclusively humanitarian …HIV/AIDS to economic globalization. 9

Scenario One—Global Conflict

---Lack of religious freedom is the root of the world’s most violent conflicts.

Haynes 2009

Charles C., senior scholar at the First Amendment Center, Around the globe, religious freedom under assault, 5/16, http://tucsoncitizen.com/morgue/2009/05/16/116697-around-the-globe-religious-freedom-under-assault/

At a time when religious …commissioners who did their homework. 

---Religion makes these uniquely dangerous --- Five reasons.

Toft, Philpott & Shah 2011 Monica Duffy, Daniel, Timothy Samuel, God’s Century: Resurgent Religion and Global Politics, Pg 150

The basic facts concerning religious …have equally “glocalized” dimensions.

---Billions are at risk.

Grieboski 2011  Joseph K., founder of the Institute on Religion and Public Policy. Huffington Post: “It is Time to Prioritize Religious Freedom in U.S. Policy” June 8 2011 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/joseph-k-grieboski/it-is-time-to-prioritize-_b_872758.html

The issue of religious liberty is …pray or not to pray.

---Specifically, lack of religious freedom inevitably triggers nuclear war between Indian & Pakistan. 

Bonney 2004 Richard, Director of the Institute for the study of Indo-Pakistan relations, University of Leicester, Religious Radicalism and Nuclear Confrontation in South Asia, www.policyarchitects.org/pdf/nuclear%20south%20asia.pdf

It is with very great pleasure ,,,nuclear danger in its own right.

---Even a limited exchange will blot out the sun.

Robock & Toon 2010 Alan, Professor II Department of Environmental Sciences School of Environmental and Biological Sciences @ Rutgers University, Owen Brian, professor of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and a fellow at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) @ the University of Colorado, South Asian Threat? Local Nuclear War = Global Suffering, Scientific America, January, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=local-nuclear-war 

Nuclear bombs dropped on cities …confidence that the models are correct.

Scenario Two—AIDS

---Religious freedom is the most significant tool in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS.

Pusateri 2010 David P., managing partner at the Pittsburgh Office of McGuireWoods, LLP. He is also a member of the ABA AIDS Coordinating Committee, Faith-Based Organizations and the HIV/AIDS Pandemic, Human Rights, Spring, Vol. 37, No. 2, http://www.americanbar.org/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/irr_hr_spring10_pusateri.html

Among a host of controversial …affect the severity of the disease.

---Extinction.

Muchiri 2000  Michael Kibaara, Staff Member at Ministry of Education in Nairobi, “Will Annan finally put out Africa’s fires?” Jakarta Post, March 6, https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2000/03/06/will-annan-finally-put-out-africa039s-fires.html

Statistics show that AIDS is …and maybe the human race. 

Scenario Three—Value to life

---Intervention is inevitable --- Only a policy of religious freedom promotion can ensure stability by politicizing those relationships via democratic contestation & debate.

Baumeister 2011 Andrea, University of Stirling, The Role of Religion in the Public Sphere: The Use Of Public Reason By Religious and Secular Citizens, Constellations, Volume 18, Issue 2, pages 222–243, June 2011

After all the strict separation of …his new ethics of citizenship.

---That’s the only way to avoid transforming religion into a nationalist tool of the state & preserve a life worth living.

Shah 2011 Timothy, Associate Director of the Religious Freedom Project at the Berkley Center For Religion, Peace, and World Affairs and Visiting Assistant Professor in the Government Department, Georgetown University, A Fully Free Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/timothy-samuel-shah-on-a-fully-free-egypt

The demand for religious freedom… rate, not pleasing to God.

Aff: Kentucky CW

Round #4   Tournament: Shirley

vs: Mary Washington MM

Judge: Jadon Marianetti

Plan Text

Same as wiki

1ac Advantages

Co-operation

            -regional stability

            -Israel strikes

            -military authority kills US leadership

            -Egypt prolif

Religious Freedom

            -Tajikistan stability

            -Indo-Pak war

            -Religious violence plus death          

2ac Offense

Politics:

-IR cred solves china war

            -Plan Bipartisan

EU Cp:

            -International fiat bad

            -EU leads to back lash

            -EU burden sharing collapses stability

Asia DA:

            -Only IRF solves--> Crushes stability --> extinction

            -Fiat solves the link (bottom of the docket)

            -China Ad-on

1ar Strategy

2ar Strategy

Plan --- The United States federal government should provide assistance for the promotion of religious freedom in Egypt.

Advantage One – Egypt

---The United State’s religious freedom policy in Egypt is failing --- Focus on religious minority persecution reinforces perceptions that religious freedom requires suppression of Islam.

Shah 2011

Timothy, Associate Director of the Religious Freedom

AND

on-a-fully-free-egypt

There will be no moving toward a truly

AND

recognition of those convictions in the public square.

---Exclusive focus on condemnation actively exacerbates religious persecution.

Farr 2010

Thomas, Professor of Religion and International Affairs, Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, A Freedom Deferred, America: The National Catholic Weekly, http://www.americamagazine.org/content/article.cfm?article_id=12390

What lessons can be gleaned from I.

AND

date. And it will enhance international peace.

---Democracy assistance is increasing now but lacks religious engagement.

Farr 2011

Thomas, former American diplomat, is Visiting

AND

tom-farr-on-engaging-islam

Incorporate religious communities in U.S.-

AND

society in Muslim nations: religious communities.

---That’s key to a stable democratic transition in Egypt --- Religious freedom promotion must be incorporated into democracy assistance to be effective.

Farr 2011

Thomas F., former American diplomat, is Visiting Associate Professor of Religion and World Affairs in the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service and a Senior Fellow at the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, & World Affairs at Georgetown University. He also chairs the Witherspoon Institute’s task force on International Religious Freedom, Preventing Another Attack: International Religious Freedom, September 23rd, http://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2011/09/4008

There are good reasons to believe that the

AND

but words do not substitute for policy action.

---Specifically, reverses anti-Islamic perceptions of American democracy assistance.

Farr & Hoover 2009

Thomas F., visiting associate professor of religion

AND

829_IRFpolicyreport_final_lowres.pdf 

Moreover, there is a widespread perception in

AND

religious freedom into its operational planning or programs.

---U.S. stance on religious freedom assistance is the defining issue.

Inboden 2011

William, Assistant Professor at the LBJ School of Public Affairs and Distinguished Scholar at the Strauss Center for International Security and Law at the University of Texas-Austin & Non-Resident Fellow with the German Marshall Fund of the United States, US Religious Freedom Policy in the New Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/william-inboden-on-us-religious-freedom-policy-in-the-new-egypt

One position does not a policy make,

AND

subsequent course, for good or for ill.

---That’s critical maintain Egyptian counterterrorism cooperation.

Pillar 2011

Paul, Avoiding Extremism in Egypt (and

AND

avoiding-extremism-egypt-beyond-4899

The United States has made similar mistakes in

AND

which the Muslim Brotherhood played a major role.

Scenario One—Israel

---Counterterrorism cooperation repairs deteriorating relations with Israel.

Weiss 2011

Michael, Communications Director of The Henry Jackson Society, Why an Al Qaeda presence in Sinai might be good for Israeli-Egyptian relations, September 14^th, http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/michaelweiss/100104770/why-an-al-qaeda-presence-in-sinai-might-be-good-for-israeli-egyptian-relations/

Counter-intuitive thought it may seem,

AND

, for Israel, in security begins diplomacy.

---Egypt/Israeli relations prevent regional war.

Satloff 2011

Robert, executive director of The Washington Institute

AND

washingtoninstitute.org/opedsPDFs/4e68e438f05fd.pdf

IT’S THE GRANDDADDY OF ALL American diplomatic achievements

AND

the Iranian mullahs, these are mere annoyances. 

---Collapse of relations undermines Israel’s security strategy and creates multiple scenarios for escalation.

Freilich 2011

Chuck, Senior Fellow, International Security Program @ Belfer Center, "Keep the Peace Between Israel and Egypt," September 14^th,  http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/21302/keep_the_peace_between_israel_and_egypt.html?breadcrumb=%2Fexperts%2F870%2Fchuck_freilich

For more than three decades the Egyptian-

AND

and draw Egypt back into confrontation with Israel.

---Goes nuclear.

Chadwick 2011

Bruce P., PhD, CFA, is

AND

on-the-arab-spring.html

The United States and Israel can only be

AND

on a hair-trigger will be considerable.

---Israel will respond by turning the world into a parking lot.

Morgan 2009

Dennis Ray, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin Campus, World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race, Futures 41, 683–693

Israeli leaders and Zionist supporters have, likewise

AND

upon the environment and fragile ecosphere as well.

Scenario Two—Al Qaeda

---Counterterrorism cooperation with Egypt is the key to defeat al Qaeda.

Agency France Press 2011

US anxious to retain Egypt in fight against

AND

in-fight-against-terror.aspx

Even without the Mubarak regime, Egypt's core

AND

Al-Qaeda," a US official said.

---Egypt is the cornerstone for intelligence in the region.

Sheridan & Warrick 2011

Mary Beth, Joby, U.S.-Egyptian anti-terror partnership in question, Washington Post, http://articles.sfgate.com/2011-02-13/news/28532470_1_muslim-brotherhood-egyptian-government-islamist

With the ouster of President Hosni Mubarak,

AND

dimensions," according to Jane's intelligence information service.

---Loss of cooperation will be disastrous --- The Arab Spring has created a unique intelligence gap.

United Press International 2011

Arab revolts jolt Western intelligence, http://

AND

-Western-intelligence/UPI-96301306867145/

The toppling of the pro-Western rulers

AND

states could be potentially disastrous for the West.

---Al Qaeda will attack the United States with nuclear weapons.

Mowatt-Larssen 2011

Rolf, Senior Fellow at Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, and former Director of Intelligence and Counterintelligence at the U.S. Department of Energy, he served for 23 years as a CIA intelligence officer in various posts, to include Chief of the Europe Division in the Directorate of Operations, Chief of the Weapons of Mass Destruction Department, Counterterrorist Center, and Deputy Associate Director of Central Intelligence for Military Support, April 18^th, http://www.rahimkanani.com/2011/04/18/a-career-u-s-intelligence-officer-on-al-qaeda-nuclear-terrorism-and-the-nuclear-threat/

Rahim Kanani: In assessing and analyzing the

AND

could get their hands on sufficient fissile material. 

---Extinction.

Toon et al 2007

Owen B., chair of the Department of

AND

acp-7-1973-2007.pdf

To an increasing extent, people are congregating

AND

well for the present scenarios and physical outcomes.

Advantage Two – International Religious Freedom

—Two internal links—

(1.) “Freedom of worship” rhetoric has tanked American credibility on religious freedom diplomacy.

Liaugminas 2010

Sheila, Emmy award-winning Chicago-based journalist, Serious threat to religious freedom? Sheila Reports,  http://www.mercatornet.com/sheila_liaugminas/view/7528

The first signs of national withdrawal from concern

AND

testifies to the compatibility of modernity and religion.

---Religious freedom promotion in Egypt restores credibility --- This card is reverse causal.

Weigel 2011

George, distinguished senior fellow of the Ethics

AND

word-president-obama-george-weigel

While the current upheaval in Egypt cannot be

AND

global struggle to defend religious freedom in full.

(2.) Integrating religious freedom into Egyptian political efforts provides US diplomats with the religious vocabulary necessary to revitalize the American model.

Farr 2008

Thomas, "Diplomacy in an Age of Faith: Religious Freedom and National Security," Foreign Affairs, March/April,  http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/publications/diplomacy-in-an-age-of-faith-religious-freedom-and-national-security

U.S. aid has helped,

AND

to a foreign policy establishment blinded by secularism.

---Egypt is key --- Regional prominence makes it an important litmus test.

Halim 2007

Cameel, Coptic Assembly of America Chairman,

AND

showart.php?main_id=233

We have a job to expose the Coptic

AND

and the flame that destroys the world now.

---Revitalized religious freedom diplomacy preserves global security --- Religion defines every major scenario for conflict & transnational issue --- All your impacts are belong to us.

Farr 2009

Thomas F., Professor of Religion and International Affairs, Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. B.A., Mercer University; Ph.D., University of North Carolina, THE WIDOW'S TORMENT: INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND AMERICAN NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY, 57 Drake L. Rev. 851

However, an exclusively humanitarian view of religious

AND

from HIV/AIDS to economic globalization. 9

---Lack of religious freedom is the root of the world’s most violent conflicts.

Haynes 2009

Charles C., senior scholar at the First

AND

-religious-freedom-under-assault/

At a time when religious persecution is at

AND

leadership of 10 commissioners who did their homework. 

---Religion makes these uniquely dangerous --- Five reasons.

Toft, Philpott & Shah 2011

Monica Duffy, Daniel, Timothy Samuel, God’s Century: Resurgent Religion and Global Politics, Pg 150

The basic facts concerning religious civil wars reveal

AND

conflicts that have equally “glocalized” dimensions.

---Billions are at risk.

Grieboski 2011

Joseph K., founder of the Institute on

AND

to-prioritize-_b_872758.html

The issue of religious liberty is not a

AND

they choose to pray or not to pray.

Scenario One – Tajikistan

---Specifically, lack of religious freedom collapses Tajikistan.

Quinn & Paxton 2011

Andrew, Robin, Clinton disfavours efforts to crackdown on religious freedom, Financial Express, http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/more.php?date=2011-10-24&news_id=153850

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary

AND

threaten the stability and security of the country." 

---Tajikistan instability draws in regional powers & escalates to nuclear war.

Richter 1994

Anthony H., Special Advisor to the President

AND

stream/developmentsinta00unit/developmentsinta00unit_djvu.txt

Tajikistan affects an entire region that is vital

AND

each of which possess weapons of mass destruction. 

Scenario Two – AIDS/HIV

---Religious freedom is the most significant tool in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS.

Pusateri 2010

David P., managing partner at the Pittsburgh Office of McGuireWoods, LLP. He is also a member of the ABA AIDS Coordinating Committee, Faith-Based Organizations and the HIV/AIDS Pandemic, Human Rights, Spring, Vol. 37, No. 2, http://www.americanbar.org/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/irr_hr_spring10_pusateri.html

Among a host of controversial issues that envelop

AND

that directly affect the severity of the disease.

---Extinction.

Muchiri 2000

Michael Kibaara, Staff Member at Ministry of

AND

put-out-africa039s-fires.html

Statistics show that AIDS is the leading killer

AND

of theblack race and maybe the human race. 

USAID spending new money for Women participation in Egyptian elections

Wittes 11/2 (Tamara C., Deputy Assistant Secretary, Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs. Senate Foreign Relations Committee: “Women and the Arab Spring” Nov 2 2011 http://www.state.gov/p/nea/rls/rm/176603.htm)

and Deputy Special Coordinator for Middle East Transitions

In Egypt, the United States is working

AND

to receive about 60 percent of these loans.

Even if there’s some backlash- our signaling arguments outweigh

Gedmin et al., 11 (Jeffrey Gedmin, Chief Executive Officer, The Legatum Institute SPEAKERS: Uri Dadush, Senior Associate, International Economics Program, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Michele Dunne, Director, Rafik Hariri Center for the Middle East, The Atlantic Council Marina Ottaway, Senior Associate, Middle East Program, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, EGYPT IN TRANSITION: THE CURRENT ECONOMIC SITUATION AND THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE FRIDAY, JUNE 22, 2011,

And there are some disturbing trends here,

AND

is – and also – that’s number one.

Must universally include all parties to maintain US credibility- even if they refuse aid

Carothers 2011 (Thomas, vice president for studies at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Washington Post: “How not to promote democracy in Egypt” Feb 24 2011 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/24/AR2011022406530.html)

A perennial tension in supporting democracy abroad is

AND

fruitful dialogues between Arab political Islamists and Americans.

---Specifically, lack of religious freedom inevitably triggers nuclear war between Indian & Pakistan.

Bonney 2004

Richard, Director of the Institute for the study of Indo-Pakistan relations, University of Leicester, Religious Radicalism and

Nuclear Confrontation in South Asia, www.policyarchitects.org/pdf/nuclear%20south%20asia.pdf

It is with very great pleasure that the

AND

becomes a nuclear danger in its own right.

---Even a limited exchange will blot out the sun.

Robock & Toon 2010

Alan, Professor II Department of Environmental Sciences

AND

cfm?id=local-nuclear-war 

Nuclear bombs dropped on cities and industrial areas

AND

phenomena provide confidence that the models are correct.

Advantage One --- Egypt

---The United States is increasing democracy assistance to all parties in Egypt including the Muslim Brotherhood --- No unique links.

Allen November 4th 2011

Michael, Special Assistant for Government Relations and Public Affairs at the National Endowment for Democracy, US will be ‘satisfied’ if Islamists win Egypt’s election, http://www.demdigest.net/blog/2011/11/us-will-be-satisfied-if-islamists-win-egypts-election/

The United States would be “satisfied”

AND

a nonpartisan basis, not to individual parties.”

---These efforts will fail and destabilize the region absent the integration of religious freedom promotion into Egyptian democracy assistance programs.

Farr 2011

Thomas F., former American diplomat, is

AND

thepublicdiscourse.com/2011/09/4008

There are good reasons to believe that the

AND

“engaging Islam,” and internationalizing gay rights.

---However, the administration continues to sideline the promotion of religious freedom --- Focusing exclusively instead on religious minorities which creates the perception that American assistance mandates a secular muzzle on Islam.

Shah 2011

Timothy, Associate Director of the Religious Freedom Project at the Berkley Center For Religion, Peace, and World Affairs and Visiting Assistant Professor in the Government Department, Georgetown University, A Fully Free Egypt, 6/3, http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/timothy-samuel-shah-on-a-fully-free-egypt

There will be no moving toward a truly

AND

recognition of those convictions in the public square.

---Integrating religious freedom into democracy assistance programs reverses those perceptions.

Farr & Hoover 2009

Thomas F., visiting associate professor of religion

AND

829_IRFpolicyreport_final_lowres.pdf 

Moreover, there is a widespread perception in

AND

religious freedom into its operational planning or programs.

---Generates Egyptian support for American democracy assistance --- Overcomes alternate causalities.

Mogahed 2011

Dalia, Senior Analyst and Executive Director, Abu Dhabi Gallup Center and Gallup Center for Muslim Studies, U.S. Must Understand the Constructive Role of Faith in Egypt's Democratic Aspirations, February 1^st, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/dalia-mogahed/us-must-understand-the-co_b_816915.html

The majority of Egyptians want democracy and see

AND

clerics. They seek the rule of law.

---Changing U.S. stance on religious freedom assistance is the defining issue for reducing religious violence.

Inboden 2011

William, Assistant Professor at the LBJ School

AND

In Egypt one of these foremost issues is

AND

subsequent course, for good or for ill.

Scenario One --- Israeli War

---Exclusive focus on rhetorical condemnation of sectarian violence actively exacerbates religious persecution.

Farr 2010

Thomas, Professor of Religion and International Affairs, Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, A Freedom Deferred, America: The National Catholic Weekly, http://www.americamagazine.org/content/article.cfm?article_id=12390

What lessons can be gleaned from I.

AND

date. And it will enhance international peace.

---Religious violence in Egypt destabilizes the region.

Bandow 2011

Doug, senior fellow at the Cato Institute

AND

co.jp/text/eo20110905db.html

Ugly reality has dashed the high hopes of

AND

ultimately go the rest of the Middle East. 

---Specifically, Egyptian religious violence escalates tensions and emboldens Turkey & Hamas to provoke a military confrontation with Israel.

Bishop 2011

Julie, Deputy Leader of the Opposition in Australia, Shadow Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade and a board member of the West Coast Eagles, Egyptian violence has global implications, October 12^th, http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/blogs/the-bishops-gambit/egyptian-violence-has-global-implications-20111012-1ljr2.html

The outbreak of sectarian violence in Egypt this

AND

highly volatile and unpredictable for the foreseeable future.

---Israeli perception of encirclement & regional resource disputes make the probability for escalation high.

Cagaptay 2011

Soner, Senior Fellow at the Washington Institute

AND

/cagaptay-israel-turkey-conflict/

The Arab Spring and recent dramatic deterioration of

AND

-Israeli Winter are churning up the Mediterranean.

---Goes nuclear.

Chadwick 2011

Bruce P., PhD, CFA, is principal at Chadwick Global Research and Consulting, an independent consulting firm specializing in macro strategy, including quantitative, emerging market, and SRI research. Worldview: Summer Perspectives on the Arab Spring New York Society of Security Analysts, 7/6, http:// post.nyssa.org/nyssa-news/2011/07/summer-perspectives-on-the-arab-spring.html

The United States and Israel can only be

AND

on a hair-trigger will be considerable.

---Israel will respond by turning the world into a parking lot.

Morgan 2009

Dennis Ray, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies

AND

human race, Futures 41, 683–693

Israeli leaders and Zionist supporters have, likewise

AND

upon the environment and fragile ecosphere as well.

Scenario Two --- Military Purges

---Religious violence tanks the Egyptian military’s domestic & international authority and ends the U.S./Egyptian partnership.

Trager 2011

Eric, The Washington Institute's Ira Weiner fellow, is a doctoral candidate in political science at the University of Pennsylvania, where he is writing his dissertation on Egyptian opposition parties, Action by Egypt's Military Rulers against Copts Endangers Transition, October 17^th, http://www.sapulse.com/new_comments.php?id=3571_0_1_0_M13

The use of violence by Egypt's military rulers

AND

government-sponsored pogroms against Egypt's Coptic Christians.

---This is the only scenario for a collapse of the U.S.-Egyptian military relationship.

Dunne 2011

Scholar-Middle East Institute and former staff

AND

/02/12/after-mubarak/

First, the ability of the United States

AND

this program and retrenchment if it does not.

---Protests over religious violence escalate to civil/military confrontation & Iranian style military purges.

Abaza 2011

Khairi, senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies and a former senior official in Egypt's secular liberal Wafd Party, Egypt's Army is failing to build consensus for democracy, CNN, October 22^nd, http://www.cnn.com/2011/10/22/opinion/abaza-egypt-government/

Egypt's position is precarious enough as it is

AND

now be leading itself in the same direction.

---Tens of thousands of military personnel will be executed.

Wood 2011

David, Winner of the Gerald Ford Prize

AND

www.cnas.org/node/5654 

In all of these worse-case scenarios

AND

That should serve as a cautionary tale.'

---Causes Egypt nuclear weapons development and exports sparking an arms race.

Windrem 2011

Robert, Senior investigative produce for NBC News, Concerns grow over Egypt's WMD research, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/41452744/ns/world_news-mideast_n_africa/t/concerns-grow-over-egypts-wmd-research/#.TrsDCvQr230

With Egypt in revolt and the country’s future

AND

losses by developing and exporting more weapons technology. 

---Results in worldwide middle power nuclear weapons acquisition.

Peña 2007

Charles V., Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute’s Center on Peace and Liberty, Nuclear Nonproliferation in the 

Post-9/11 World, Independent

AND

2007-06-12-nuclear.pdf

Alarmist statements from key Japanese politicians might indicate 

AND

nuclear  option back on the agenda for consideration.

---Global nuclear war.

Taylor 2008

Theodore B.-, Fellow of the American Physical Society - Deputy Director of the Defense Nuclear Agency, Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons,

Nuclear proliferation - be it among nations or

AND

could easily escalate into a global nuclear war.

Advantage Two --- International Religious Freedom

—Two internal links—

(1.) “Freedom of worship” rhetoric has tanked American credibility on religious freedom diplomacy.

Liaugminas 2010

Sheila, Emmy award-winning Chicago-

AND

com/sheila_liaugminas/view/7528

The first signs of national withdrawal from concern

AND

testifies to the compatibility of modernity and religion.

---Religious freedom promotion in Egypt restores credibility --- This card is reverse causal.

Weigel 2011

George, distinguished senior fellow of the Ethics and Public Policy Center where he holds the William E. Simon chair in Catholic Studies, Egypt’s Coptic Christians Deserve a Word from President Obama, National Review Online, http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/258498/egypts-coptic-christians-deserve-word-president-obama-george-weigel

While the current upheaval in Egypt cannot be

AND

global struggle to defend religious freedom in full.

(2.) Integrating religious freedom into Egyptian political efforts provides US diplomats with the religious vocabulary necessary to revitalize the American model.

Farr 2008

Thomas, "Diplomacy in an Age of

AND

religious-freedom-and-national-security

U.S. aid has helped,

AND

to a foreign policy establishment blinded by secularism.

---Only the American model has sufficient resources & capital to promote religious freedom globally.

Patterson et. al. 2011

Eric, Associate Director of the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs and has a visiting appointment in the Department of Government at Georgetown University, Transcending Traditional U.S. Foreign Policy: Track Two Diplomacy and the Challenge of Global Religious Diversity, http://repository.berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/TrackTwoDiplomacy.pdf

Among all the Western nations, the United

AND

of security threats and/or terrorist attacks.

---Egypt is key --- Regional prominence makes it an important litmus test.

Halim 2007

Cameel, Coptic Assembly of America Chairman,

AND

showart.php?main_id=233

We have a job to expose the Coptic

AND

and the flame that destroys the world now.

---Revitalized religious freedom diplomacy preserves global security --- Religion defines every major scenario for conflict & transnational issue --- All your impacts are belong to us.

Farr 2009

Thomas F., Professor of Religion and International Affairs, Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. B.A., Mercer University; Ph.D., University of North Carolina, THE WIDOW'S TORMENT: INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND AMERICAN NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY, 57 Drake L. Rev. 851

However, an exclusively humanitarian view of religious

AND

from HIV/AIDS to economic globalization. 9

---Lack of religious freedom is the root of the world’s most violent conflicts.

Haynes 2009

Charles C., senior scholar at the First

AND

-religious-freedom-under-assault/

At a time when religious persecution is at

AND

leadership of 10 commissioners who did their homework. 

---Religion makes these uniquely dangerous --- Five reasons.

Toft, Philpott & Shah 2011

Monica Duffy, Daniel, Timothy Samuel, God’s Century: Resurgent Religion and Global Politics, Pg 150

The basic facts concerning religious civil wars reveal

AND

conflicts that have equally “glocalized” dimensions.

---Our impact is systemic --- Hundreds of millions risk death because of their faith every day.

Grieboski 2011

Joseph K., founder of the Institute on

AND

to-prioritize-_b_872758.html

The issue of religious liberty is not a

AND

they choose to pray or not to pray.

---Specifically, lack of religious freedom collapses Tajikistan.

Quinn & Paxton 2011

Andrew, Robin, Clinton disfavours efforts to crackdown on religious freedom, Financial Express, http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/more.php?date=2011-10-24&news_id=153850

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary

AND

threaten the stability and security of the country." 

---Tajikistan instability draws in regional powers & escalates to nuclear war.

Richter 1994

Anthony H., Special Advisor to the President

AND

stream/developmentsinta00unit/developmentsinta00unit_djvu.txt

Tajikistan affects an entire region that is vital

AND

each of which possess weapons of mass destruction. 

---Religious freedom is the most significant tool in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS.

Pusateri 2010

David P., managing partner at the Pittsburgh Office of McGuireWoods, LLP. He is also a member of the ABA AIDS Coordinating Committee, Faith-Based Organizations and the HIV/AIDS Pandemic, Human Rights, Spring, Vol. 37, No. 2, http://www.americanbar.org/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/irr_hr_spring10_pusateri.html

Among a host of controversial issues that envelop

AND

that directly affect the severity of the disease.

---Extinction.

Muchiri 2000

Michael Kibaara, Staff Member at Ministry of

AND

put-out-africa039s-fires.html

Statistics show that AIDS is the leading killer

AND

of theblack race and maybe the human race. 

---Lack of religious freedom inevitably triggers nuclear war between Indian & Pakistan.

Bonney 2004

Richard, Director of the Institute for the study of Indo-Pakistan relations, University of Leicester, Religious Radicalism and

Nuclear Confrontation in South Asia, www.policyarchitects.org/pdf/nuclear%20south%20asia.pdf

It is with very great pleasure that the

AND

becomes a nuclear danger in its own right.

---Even a limited exchange will blot out the sun & kill everything.

Robock & Toon 2010

Alan, Professor II Department of Environmental Sciences

AND

cfm?id=local-nuclear-war 

Nuclear bombs dropped on cities and industrial areas

AND

phenomena provide confidence that the models are correct.

PLAN - The United States federal government should provide assistance for the promotion of religious freedom in Egypt.