The ballot creates norms/limitations on discussions.
Debate = Gendered for a few reasons
1. Argument emphasis
2. Debate Personas
Schwartz-Dupre '6(Rae Lynn. "Women in Debate: From Virtual to Material," Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, 27, 2006)
"As debaters, women are....argument construction and coaching.9"
3. Sexual violence
CONSTITUTION OF THE CROSS EXAMINATION DEBATE ASSOCIATION '11 (http://cedadebate.org/files/2011%20Spring%20Constitution.pdf 3/9/11)
4. Limitation of participation
Schwartz-Dupre '6(Rae Lynn. "Women in Debate: From Virtual to Material," Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, 27, 2006)
"When outsiders ask about....are not mutually exclusive. 10"
Bruschke & Matz '6 (Jon & S. Irene. "Gender Inequity in Debate, Legal, and Business Professions," Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, 27, 2006. http://commfaculty.fullerton.edu/imatz/research_articles/gender_inequity/gender_inequity_in_debate.htm)
"Both previous and current....participation in preliminary rounds."
The 1AC should be evaluated as an expression of solidarity with those who resist masculinist oppression.
Reflective solidarity is democratic and based on dissent. Questioning and critique create the basis for solidarity as a communicative practice
Weir '8 (Allison. "Global Feminism and Transformative Identity Politics," Hypatia 23.4, Fall 2008)
"In her Solidarity of.....to working through, together."
Even though there are differences between women, there are shared interests. We must identify with those interests, which informs our practices, in order to achieve solidarity
Weir '8 (Allison. "Global Feminism and Transformative Identity Politics," Hypatia 23.4, Fall 2008)
"For example, to what....with conflicts and hostilities.)"
Personal reflection on radical organizations and social movements reveals tolerance and advocacy of gender violence. It is dismissed as "personal" or not as important as other impacts. This leads to destruction of political community
Anarcha '10 ("Why Misogynists Make Great Informants: How Gender Violence on the Left Enables State Violence in Radical Movements," Anarcha, Oct 20, 2010. http://anarchalibrary.blogspot.com/2010/10/why-misogynists-make-great-informants.html)
"Reflecting on the radical....kinds of political community."
Gender violence destroys movements. Speaking out the to the community solves
Anarcha '10 ("Why Misogynists Make Great Informants: How Gender Violence on the Left Enables State Violence in Radical Movements," Anarcha, Oct 20, 2010. http://anarchalibrary.blogspot.com/2010/10/why-misogynists-make-great-informants.html)
Radical movements cannot afford....be destroyed from within."