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GSU Case v Georgia JS
- Tournament: GSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Georgia JS | Judge:
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1NC GSU vs Georgia JS
Case --- heg
This only works one way—Middle East can’t threaten American interests
HADAR 2000, Research Fellow in Foreign Policy Studies at the Cato Institute [Leon T., “Time for ‘Constructive Disengagement’ from the Middle East,” February 7, http://www.cato.org/dailys/02-07-00.html]
All three major …t type of assistance
No impact to hegemony – no causality between heg and peace
Fettweis 11
Christopher, Professor of Political Science @ Tulane, Dangerous Times?: The International Politics of Great Power Peace, pg. 172-174
The primary attack … that the United States was no less safe.
No impact to hegemony
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Fettweis 11
Christopher, Professor of Political Science @ Tulane, Dangerous Times?: The International Politics of Great Power Peace, pg. 168
Today’s security … makes problems worse.
Hegemony is unnecessary – the alternative is not isolationism but strategic restraint
Fettweis 11
Christopher, Professor of Political Science @ Tulane, Dangerous Times?: The International Politics of Great Power Peace, pg. 169
Military power is … of any basic beliefs.
Regional wars don’t escalate – no vacuum of power
Fettweis 11
Christopher, Professor of Political Science @ Tulane, Dangerous Times?: The International Politics of Great Power Peace, pg. 85
The trend is … seem to repel far more than they attract.
SECURITY RATIONALES FOR US HEGEMONY ARE EXAGGERATED
Christopher A. Preble, Cato Institute, 2009, The Power Problem: how American military dominance makes us less safe, less prosperous, and less free, p. 91-2
The conceptions …into total, bloody chaos.
Soft power high – US and Obama popularity remains high
Pew ’10, Pew Global Attitudes Project, Pew Research Center, 6/17/10 (“Obama More Popular Abroad Than At Home, Global Image of U.S. Continues to Benefit,” http://pewglobal.org/2010/06/17/obama-more-popular-abroad-than-at-home/1/)
Yet in most countries… predominantly Muslim nation.
US soft power relatively high now
Nye ’11, Joseph S. Nye, Jr., University Distinguished Service Professor, and former Dean, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University; top 10 most influential scholar on American foreign policy and international relations, 6/23/11 (“The Seesaw of Power,” http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/24/opinion/global/24iht-june24-ihtmag-nye-36.html?_r=4&pagewanted=all)
Nye: While ..sweeping generalizations.
India and Pakistan won’t be aggressive
Rajesh M. Basrur, Director of the Centre for Global Studies in Mumbai, India, former visiting fellow at Sandia National Laboratories, the Brookings Institution, and the Stimson Center, 2009. Strategic Analysis, Volume 33, Issue 3, p. Informaworld.
As India upsizes, …has reached its limit.
Case – Judiciary
Foreign policy shifts will be limited
Hamid 11 (Shadi Hamid, the National Interest, “Egypt in Middle of Arab Cold War,” 4/21/11) http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/egypt-middle-arab-cold-war-5208
But as much … most influential nations.
Middle East war would be short and small-scale
FERGUSON 2006 (Niall, Professor of History at Harvard University, Senior Research Fellow of Jesus College, Oxford, and Senior Fellow of the Hoover Institution, Stanford, LA Times, July 24)
Could today's quarrel … being made in Washington.
Turn—Terrorism: Middle East war solves it
A) Distracts jihadists from attacks against the US
CETRON AND DAVIES 2007 (Marvin J. Cetron president of Forecasting International Ltd and Owen Davies reader in Social History at the University of Hertfordshire, “Worst-case scenario: the Middle East: current trends indicate that Middle Eastern war might last for decades. Here is an overview of the most critical potential impacts,” The Futurist, 9/1/07, http://www.allbusiness.com/government/government-bodies-offices/5523341-1.html)
Terrorism, …the appeal of jihad.
B) War causes a crisis in Islam—results in long-term moderation and absolves the US of blame
CETRON AND DAVIES 2007 (Marvin J. Cetron president of Forecasting International Ltd and Owen Davies reader in Social History at the University of Hertfordshire, “Worst-case scenario: the Middle East: current trends indicate that Middle Eastern war might last for decades. Here is an overview of the most critical potential impacts,” The Futurist, 9/1/07, http://www.allbusiness.com/government/government-bodies-offices/5523341-1.html)
In a paper …h easier to coexist in turn.
C) Extinction
Corsi, 2005. Jerome, PhD in political science from Harvard. excerpt from Atomic Iran, http://911review.org/Wget/worldnetdaily.com/NYC_hit_by_terrorist_nuke.html.
The … on attacking one another.
Warming
A) Middle East war solves it
CETRON AND DAVIES SEPTEMBER 1 2007 (Marvin, president of Forecasting International Ltd.; Owen, former senior editor at Omni magazine and freelance writer, The Futurist)
Coal gasification. …technologies already have proven useful.
B) Extinction
Tickell 8 [Oliver, Climate Researcher, The Guardian, 8-11, “On a planet 4C hotter, all we can prepare for is extinction”, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/aug/11/climatechange]
We need to get … hothouse Earth. 2NC/1NRDemocratic peace theory is a farce
Layne 7
Christopher, Professor @ TX A&M, American Empire: A Debate, pg. 94 Wilsonian ideology …other democracies. foreign policy—much less the hope for international peace. MANY COUNTER-EXAMPLES TO THE DEMOCRATIC PEACE CLAIMS
Thomas Schwartz is Professor of Political Science at University of California, Los Angeles. Kiron K. Skinner is a Fellow at the council on Foreign Relations and the Hoover Institution and Assistant Professor of History and Political Science at Carnegie Mellon University, ORBIS, Winter 2001 v46 i1 p159(14) The Myth of the Democratic Peace. (America and the West)..
The wars below are either counter-examples to democratic pacifism or borderline cases. Each is listed with the year it started and those combatants that have some claim to the democratic label.
American Revolutionary War…
India-Pakistan, 1999 Economic development, not democracy, creates peace – cold war proves
Gartzke 10 (Erik Gartzke, associate professor of political science at UC San Diego, “Democratic peace in theory and practice,” edited by Steven W. Hook, p. 63) Some of my own work suggests that it is not democracy per se that brings peace but economic development, a common wor… raise productivity. 1NR No escalation
A) Arab states won’t escalate
COOK et al 2007 (Steven A., fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations; Ray Takeyh (fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations) Suzanne Maloney (senior fellow at Saban Center) June 28 2007 “Why the Iraq war won't engulf the Mideast”, International Herald Tribune
Finally, there is …entire Middle East. B) No economic damage and no great power intervention
KELLEY 2002 (Jack, national security writer for the Post-Gazette and The Blade of Toledo Pittsburgh Post Gazette, April 7)
During the Cold War,…would harm us.
| 09/18/11 |
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GSU Case v Cal GW
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
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Case – Adv 2
No impact on the global economy -no exposure
Schuman 2-2
[Time, http://curiouscapitalist.blogs.time.com/2011/02/02/does-the-turmoil-in-egypt-threaten-the-global-recovery/ Michael writes about Asia and global economic issues as a correspondent for TIME based in Hong Kong]
However, my personal … should be limited. Low-risk of super terrorism (limited capabilities, inevitable mistakes, and conservative tactics)
Michael Levi, fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, January/February, 2008, Stopping Nuclear Terrorism, Foreign Affairs, p. lexis
WHEN STRATEGIES ….theoretically be evaded. A terrorist attack would not cause a US lashout
Ian Bremmer 4, president of Eurasia Group and senior fellow at the World Policy Institute, 9-13- 2004, New Statesman
What would happen … invasion of Afghanistan
Case – Adv 1
The Muslim Brotherhood is already pragmatic and moderate – this is their 1AC card
-says we should engage the ALREADY MODERATE Brotherhood
Hamid 11 (Shadi, Director of Research at the Brookings Doha Center and Fellow at the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at Brookings, “The Rise of the Islamists,” Foreign Affairs, May/June, Ebscohost) There is no … Brotherhood to the West. Embracing the Brotherhood just causes its takeover – otherwise the military will check them
Phillips 11 (James Phillips, Senior Research Fellow for Middle Eastern Affairs, analyst for the Heritage Foundation, “Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood Lurks as a Long-Term Threat to Freedom,” 2/8/11, http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2011/02/egypts-muslim-brotherhood-lurks-as-a-long-term-threat-to-freedom) To limit the … bulwark against Islamism. This only works one way—Middle East can’t threaten American interests
HADAR 2000, Research Fellow in Foreign Policy Studies at the Cato Institute [Leon T., “Time for ‘Constructive Disengagement’ from the Middle East,” February 7, http://www.cato.org/dailys/02-07-00.html]
All three … that type of assistance The Arab Spring has yet to upset the regional balance of power, but new changes to military control over Egypt could alter regional threat perceptions
Paul Salem, LAT contributor, 9 May 2011 ('Arab Spring' Has Yet to Alter Region's Strategic Balance, http://carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&id=43907&solr_hilite=Tunisia)
Despite their … could still surprise us. Democratization activates latent public opposition to Israel-forcing an abrogation of the peace treaty and independent activation of Israeli threat perceptions
Daniel Byman is a Professor in the Security Studies Program at Georgetown University andthe Research Director of the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at Brookings, Summer 2011 (Israel's Pessimistic View of the Arab Spring, Washington Quarterly, www.twq.com/11summer/docs/11summer_Byman.pdf)
Israel’s bigger problem … dominates the headlines. That derails the peace process-Israel will harden their negotiation posture to offset the loss of strategic depth provided by Egypt
Daniel Byman is a Professor in the Security Studies Program at Georgetown University andthe Research Director of the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at Brookings, Summer 2011 (Israel's Pessimistic View of the Arab Spring, Washington Quarterly, www.twq.com/11summer/docs/11summer_Byman.pdf)
Most of the above …confrontation with Israel.
| 01/03/12 |
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GSU Case v Mich CH
- Tournament: GSU | Round: 7 | Opponent: Michigan CH | Judge: Topp
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Iraq AvThis only works one way—Middle East can’t threaten American interests
HADAR 2000, Research Fellow in Foreign Policy Studies at the Cato Institute [Leon T., “Time for ‘Constructive Disengagement’ from the Middle East,” February 7, http://www.cato.org/dailys/02-07-00.html]
All three … type of assistance
SOFT POWER IS AVAILABLE IN ABUNDANCE AT PRESENT
Giacomo Chiozza, (Prof., Political Science, Vanderbilt U.), ANTI-AMERICANISM AND THE AMERICAN WORLD ORDER, 2009, 4-5.
On the one hand, … in the United States No impact to hegemony – no causality between heg and peace
Fettweis 11
Christopher, Professor of Political Science @ Tulane, Dangerous Times?: The International Politics of Great Power Peace, pg. 172-174 The primary attack …States was no less safe. Fleet AdvThe Fifth Fleet is bad—encourages allied aggression, limits US flexibility, and drains resources
JONES 2011 (Toby C. Jones is assistant professor of history at Rutgers University. He is author of Desert Kingdom: How Oil and Water Forged Modern Saudi Arabia and an editor at Middle East Report, “Time to Disband the Bahrain-Based U.S. Fifth Fleet,” The Atlantic, June 10, http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/06/time-to-disband-the-bahrain-based-us-fifth-fleet/240243/2/)
It is widely … place to start. The Fifth Fleet absorbs resources needed elsewhere—every ship trades off
GOURÉ 2005 (Dr. Daniel Gouré is vice president of the Lexington Institute, a defense-policy “think tank.” Prior to joining Lexington, he was the deputy director of the International Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, in Washington, D.C., “The Tyranny of Forward Presence,” Naval Power in the Twenty-first Century A Naval War College Review Reader)
The Navy understands the problem. In testimony before the House of Representatives in 2000, Vice Admiral Conrad Lautenbacher, Deputy … and readiness.25 The Fifth Fleet undermines democracy and keeps oil prices high
JONES 2011 (Toby C. Jones is assistant professor of history at Rutgers University. He is author of Desert Kingdom: How Oil and Water Forged Modern Saudi Arabia and an editor at Middle East Report, “Time to Disband the Bahrain-Based U.S. Fifth Fleet,” The Atlantic, June 10, http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/06/time-to-disband-the-bahrain-based-us-fifth-fleet/240243/2/)
Saudi Arabia and … reliance on the latter. No influence in Bahrain – prefer Iraqi Ayatollah and critical of Iranian hegemonic ambitions
Kaye 11. DALIA DASSA KAYE is Senior Political Scientist at the RAND Corporation. FREDERIC WEHREY is Senior Policy Analyst at the RAND Corporation. “Arab Spring, Persian Winter." Foreign Affairs 90, no. 4 (July 2011): 183-186. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed August 11, 2011). Iran is also … in the uprisings. Fifth Fleet presence in the Gulf is bad—incites Iran and causes terrorist attacks on US ships
GRESH 2010 (Geoffrey Gresh is a graduate student at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy,. Tufts University and former Rotary Ambassadorial Scholar to Turkey, “Traversing the Persian Gauntlet: U.S. Naval Projection and the Strait of Hormuz,” The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs, January, http://vlex.com/vid/traversing-gauntlet-naval-strait-hormuz-229098899)
The United States ….or instill fear.5
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GSU Case v Kansas CG
- Tournament: GSU | Round: 5 | Opponent: Kansas CG | Judge: Casey
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Democratization AdvThe will to will of the war on terrorism sustains itself by violently rejecting the vulnerability that terrorism has revealed resulting in an amorphous war on difference that escalates apocalyptically Lifton, 2k3 (Robert, Taught at Harvard, Super Power Syndrome: America’s Apocalyptic Confrontation with the World, http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Rogue_State_US/War_Terrorism_SPS.html) A superpower dominates … culture of modern evangencalism. Democratic peace theory relies on a negative conception of peace that depoliticizes structural forms of violence
BILGIN, 2K (Hatice Pinar, PhD International Politics U of Wales, “Regional Security in the Middle East: A Critical Security Studies Perspective”)
The last scenario … to free-market economy. Democracy assistance only risks undermining democratization-nonviolent progress depends on a lack of foreign interference
Stephen Zunes, Professor of Politics and Chair of Mid-Eastern Studies at the University of San Francisco, 1/31 2011 (Huffington Post, The United States and the Prospects for Democracy in Islamic Countries, www.alzaytouna.net/arabic/?c=1519&a=135572)
Western leaders …but from the people themselves. LNG AdvantageDemonization of Russia is rooted in an ontological fear of Russian subjectivity—the aff’s objectification of Russia makes violence MORE likely Browning 2001 (Christopher S. Browning Ph.D. Candidate Department of International Relations, University of Wales “The Region-Building Approach Revisited: The Continued Othering of Russia in Discourses of Region-Building in the European North”)
Despite the positive … in (West) European thought.
| 09/18/11 |
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KY Security K/Case v Missouri State BR
- Tournament: KY 11 | Round: 3 | Opponent: Missouri State BR | Judge: Bankey
Democratic peace theory relies on a negative conception of peace that depoliticizes structural forms of violence Bilgin, 2k (Hatice Pinar, PhD International Politics U of Wales, “Regional Security in the Middle East: A Critical Security Studies Perspective”) The last scenario …he transition to free-market economy. The call for humanitarian intervention in Libya, championing reason and rationality on the side of the West and only passion on the side of Africans, is a depoliticizing move designed to insulate military intervention from criticism and authorizes violence Grovogui, 2k11 (Professor of International Relations and Political Theory at John Hopkins, “Looking Beyond Spring for the Season: Echoes of a Time before Tahrir Square” online) o be sure, it is still … of an immediate cease-fire. Reliance on the law exonerates the individual of responsibility and evacuates value to life by making all guilty Rozo 2k4 (Diego, MA in philosophy and Cultural Analysis, “Forgiving the Unforgivable: On Violence, Power, and the Possibility of Justice” p 19-21) Within the legal order the …. rule our most private conflicts Democratic peace theory is too young and lacking in empirical validation to maintain strict ontological status – it underreports certain types of violence and ignores how democratization itself creates violence. Lawrence ‘7 (Andrew, Lecturer in African Politics in the School of Social and Political Studies @ U. of Edinburgh, “Imperial Peace or Imperial Method? Skeptical Inquiries into Ambiguous Evidence for the “Democratic Peace””, pp. 215-218) When the …is that of the future. Democratic peace theory is a farce Layne 7 Christopher, Professor @ TX A&M, American Empire: A Debate, pg. 94 Wilsonian ideology drives...with other democracies Democracies lead to war against non-democracies Daase 6 Christopher, Chair in International Organisation, University of Frankfurt, Democratic Wars, pg. 77 In what follows, ….more general conclusions . </p>
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KY Adv CP v Wyoming FP
- Tournament: KY | Round: Rd 2 | Opponent: Wyoming FP | Judge: Andy Casey
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1NC Advantage CP
The United States federal government should end its democracy assistance for all political parties in Egypt. The United States federal government should support the establishment of transparent public opinion polls, citizen assemblies, and a standing citizen advisory panel in Egypt.
this is their Carothers evidence – Attempts to aid one group or another undermine our credibility – must end aid equally
Carothers, Democracy at Carnegie, ’11 (Thomas, February 24, “How not to promote democracy in Egypt” Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/24/AR2011022406530.html)
Former ambassador…political party support. this is their 1AC Kull evidence – starting where their card leaves off.
The CP solves US credibility – the aff looks like manipulation
Kull 11
[Steven, senior research scholar at CISSM and director of the Center on Policy Attitudes, Harvard International Review, “On Egypt: What Should America Do Now?”, March 9, p. http://www.worldpublicopinion.org/pipa/articles/brmiddleeastnafricara/682.php wyo-tjc]
But what should… the Egyptian people.
| 10/01/11 |
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USC Iran DA v Emory MR
- Tournament: USC | Round: 2 | Opponent: Emory MR | Judge: Quigley
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1NC
Engagement agenda will be successful now – if it fails, proliferation and war are likely
Barry Blechman et al, co-founder of the Henry L. Stimson Center, 12/19/2011, “TOWARD A DIPLOMATIC SOLUTION ON THE IRANIAN NUCLEAR ISSUE: LETTER TO PRESIDENT OBAMA,” States News Service, Lexis
We write to convey our strongly held view
AND
and increase the likelihood of disastrous military confrontation. Pro-democracy efforts in Syria would enrage Iran – obstruct Obama’s negotiations agenda
Matt Gurney, columnist and editor at Canada’s National Post, 4/27/2011, “Libya, Syria and Obama’s Double Standards,” http://frontpagemag.com/2011/04/27/libya-syria-and-obamas-double-standards/2/
On the other hand, the answer to
AND
, Iran and Obama could all agree on. The plan will be cast by the Iranian regime as subversive and confrontational – kills legitimacy of engagement efforts
Matthew Duss, National Security Editor at American Progress, 3/29/2011, “Don’t Taint a Victory for Iranian Human Rights,” http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/03/iran_human_rights.html
Through his engagement policy, President Obama has
AND
perceived support for the MEK could dangerously blur. Iranian prolif causes nuclear war
Wimbush 7 (S. Enders, senior fellow at Hudson Institute and director of its Center for Future Security Strategies, “The End of Deterrence: A nuclear Iran will change everything,” January 11th, http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/013/154auoqp.asp?pg=1)
Iran is fast building its position as the
AND
deterrence, once broken, cannot be restored.
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USC Case v Emory MR
- Tournament: USC | Round: 2 | Opponent: Emory MR | Judge:
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1NC Stability
Syria is stable – oppositions’ claims overstated
Sharmine Narwani, Senior Associate, St. Antony's College, Oxford University, 12/19/2011, "Stratfor Challenges Narratives on Syria," www.huffingtonpost.com/sharmine-narwani/stratfor-challenges-narra_b_1158710.html
According to the Texas-based geopolitical risk
AND
now that both sides are armed and firing? Observer mission determined that nothing’s wrong
Press TV, 12/29/2011, "'Western media exaggerate Syria unrest'," www.presstv.ir/detail/218371.html
The head of an Arab League delegation investigating
AND
giving them access to different locations without restriction. No risk of sectarian violence – fears caused by regime propaganda
Jackson Diehl, Deputy Editorial Page Editor, 5/8/2011, “Why is the West so sluggish on Syria?” http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/why-is-the-west-so-sluggish-on-syria/2011/05/05/AFmaPPTG_story.html?hpid=z2
The bloodbath of the past few weeks has
AND
are determined not to fall into that trap.” Fast collapse causes terrorist use of chemical weapons
Lawrence and Borger 11, Chris Lawrence, CNN Pentagon Correspondent, and Gloria Borger, CNN Senior Political Analyst, 8/30/2011, “Romney vs. Perry; Libya's Death Toll; Atrocities under Gadhafi's Command,” Lexis
And up next, who would control Syria's
AND
know whose hands they could get into next. US involvement only jeopardizes the opposition
Ramzy Baroud is an internationally-syndicated columnist and the editor of PalestineChronicle.com, 10/6/2011, “The Syrian Uprising: U.S. Follows a Failed Path,” http://www.foreignpolicyjournal.com/2011/10/06/the-syrian-uprising-u-s-follows-a-failed-path/
United States involvement in Syria is the second
AND
people will be determined by their own fortitude. US has very little leverage
Blake Hounshell, managing editor at Foreign Policy, 8/3/2011, “Why Obama must be cautious on Syria,” http://edition.cnn.com/2011/OPINION/08/03/hounshell.syria.obama/
There's certainly more the United States can do
AND
be the ones who show him the door. Israeli military dominance prevents wars from escalating.
JCSS Bulletin 01 Jaffe Center for Strategic Studies at Tel Aviv University, “Israeli Strategic Dominance: A Deterrent to Regional Conflict” No. 27, http://www.tau.ac.il/jcss/bulletin/bulletin27.pdf Presenting this year's volume, Prof. Feldman
AND
against Israel- is yet to become operational." 1NC Regional Hege
Fast regime collapse causes instability – Turkey solves in long-run
Samia Nakhoul, Reuters, 12/16/2011, "Analysis: Turkey and allies want Syria's Assad out, just not yet," www.reuters.com/article/2011/12/16/us-syria-turkey-idUSTRE7BF0P820111216
Turkey, with strong backing from its Arab
AND
resumed support for Kurdish insurgents in the southeast. Russia is a net benefit to the status quo – fast regime collapse boxes Russia out of the region – slow process now better
Walid Choucair, columnist and political commentator for Al-Arabiya, 12/25/2011, "Syria Faces a New, Long-Term Phase," english.alarabiya.net/views/2011/12/25/184422.html
This means the Arab League initiative marks a
AND
the deployment of a missile shield in Europe. US action causes Turkey to back off – reduces Turkish regional influence
The National, 8/17/2011, “Continuing violence in Syria prompts Turkey to consider tougher stance,” Lexis
Mr Orhan of Orsam said a statement by
AND
senior government and military officials during the meeting. Even if the plan causes regime change, Turkish leadership hurts Iran disproportionately – breaks Iranian regional power
Michael Weiss is the Communications Director of The Henry Jackson Society, a London-based think tank that promotes democracy and human rights abroad, 10/26/2011, “Turkey's Hand in the Syrian Opposition,” http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/10/turkeys-hand-in-the-syrian-opposition/247330/
The Muslim Brotherhood, which belatedly joined the
AND
certainly ending the Hamas politburo's residence in Damascus. Turkey is a good conduit for US influence in the Middle East – no tradeoff
Scott Peterson, CSM, 11/2/2011, "Turkey's rising clout leaves Iran fuming on sidelines of Arab Spring," http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2011/1102/Turkey-s-rising-clout-leaves-Iran-fuming-on-sidelines-of-Arab-Spring/(page)/2
But the Arab Spring has changed Turkey's calculation
AND
basic security interests are anchored to the West." Threat of losing cred is exaggerated and wrong – focusing on cred leads to free-riding and US weakness
Walt 11 (Stephen M. Walt, Professor of International Affairs at Harvard, “Does the U.S. still need to reassure its allies?” 12/05/11, http://walt.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/12/05/us_credibility_is_not_our_problem) A perennial preoccupation of U.S.
AND
, and to resent what we do less. Heg resilient
Kaplan and Kaplan 2011 – *national correspondent for The Atlantic, senior fellow at CNAS, 30-year CIA vet, vice chairman of the National Intelligence Council (2/23, Robert and Stephen, The National Interest, “America primed”, http://nationalinterest.org/article/america-primed-4892, WEA)
But in spite of the seemingly
AND
and Russia enjoy nothing comparable.
| 01/08/12 |
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Fullerton Badiou v ELAC AP
- Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 6 | Opponent: ELAC | Judge: Cameron Ward
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We must reassert the Communist Hypothesis as the starting point for a new political project. Our ethical obligation is to highlight the structural contradictions of capitalism, emphasizing exclusion of those parts-of-no-part of society
Žižek ‘10 (Slavoj, Prof. of European Graduate School, Intl. Director of the Birkbeck Inst. for Humanities, U. of London, and Senior Researcher @ Inst. of Sociology, U. of Ljubljiana, president of the Society for Theoretical Psychoanalysis, Ljubljana, Visiting Prof. @ New York U., The Idea of Communism, “How to Begin from the Beginning,” pgs. 209-224 bb)
After enumerating the achievements and the failures of
AND
capitalist power and the dynamic of resistance.6 Race framing directly tradesoff with a prioritization of class—vote negative to move past the politics of racial difference into a radical critique of the material conditions of racial oppression
McLaren and D’Anniballe, 2k4 (Peter, Professor at the Graduate School of Education at UCLA, and Valerie “Class Dismissed? Historical materialism and the politics of ‘difference’”, Philosophy of Education Society of Australasia)
A radical political economy framework is crucial since
AND
working class as the fundamental agent of change. Capitalist growth is not sustainable without repression, starvation, environmental devastation, and violent wars. The timeframe is five years
Harvey ‘10 (David, Distinguished Prof. of Anthropology @ Graduate Center of City U. of New York, Top-20 Most Cited Authors in the Humanities, The Enigma of Capital, pgs. 215-223 bb)
At times of crisis, the irrationality of
AND
So what, then, are the alternatives? Differentiations between the ontological worlds of democracy assistance. These differentiations are central to violence and extermination and necessitate unending war
Balibar ‘1 (Etienne, Emeritus Prof. of Philosophy @ U. of Paris X Nanterre and U. of Cal., Irvine, “Outlines of a Topography of Cruelty: Citizenship and Civility in the Era of Global Violence,” Constellations, Vol. 8.1)
This paper is based on a talk which
AND
instance, seem to be mainly “economic.” Vote negative to affirm the Communist Hypothesis. This is a prerequisite to calculations, rejecting it rejects the meaning of human life in calculation
Badiou ‘9 (Alain, Prof. @ European Graduate School, Former chair of Philosophy @ École Normale Supérieure, The Meaning of Sarkozy, pgs. 97-103 bb)
I would like to situate the Sarkozy episode
AND
find ourselves in the history of this hypothesis.
| 01/08/12 |
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GSU Turkey CP
- Tournament: GSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Georgia JS | Judge:
Text: The government of the Republic of Turkey should substantially increase its assistance in legal education and civil society building for the Arab Republic of Egypt
The counterplan solves best—the US model is bankrupt and crowds out Turkish regional leadership BAROUD 2011 (Ramzy, internationally syndicated journalist, “Arabs Should Follow Turkish Model,” Gulf News, June 22, http://gulfnews.com/opinions/columnists/arabs-should-follow-turkish-model-1.824859)</p></div><div><p>The third consecutive ….and military ambitions.
Turkish leadership is key to peace, stability, and democracy in the Middle East—it also causes EU accession DJAVADI 2009 (Abbas, associate director of broadcasting at Radio Free Europe, “Turkish Involvement Could Stimulate Middle East Development,” RFE/RL, March 17, http://www.rferl.org/content/Turkish_Involvement_Could_Stimulate_Middle_East_Development/1511616.html)</p></div><div><p>Turkish efforts over ….concerns closer to home.
Turkish EU accession is key to prevent war in Europe AKARCALI 2005 (Motherland Party (ANAP) Deputy Chairman Bulent Akarcali, “Cyprus PIO: Turkish Press and Other Media,” 2-3-2005, http://www.hri.org/news/cyprus/tcpr/2002/02-03-05.tcpr.html) Answer: The EU … it would turn its back on Turkey. Global nuke war GLASER 1993 (Charles, Professor at the University of Chicago, International Security, Summer)</p></div><div><p>However, …unconcerned about Europe’s future.
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| 01/09/12 |
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GSU SKFTA DA
- Tournament: GSU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Georgia JS | Judge:
South Korea will pass now-momentum and bipartisan agreement on TAA WSJ 9/13 (Kirk working with the Senate on Trade Bills, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111904265504576567244253741086.html?mod=googlenews_wsj)</p></div><div><p>U.S. Trade Representative …from developing countries. DA drains Obama’s capital ECarol Lancaster June 2008 (George Bush's Foreign Aid: Transformation or Chaos? Chapter 2, online)</p></div><div><p>No matter how …drive a change.8
Political capital is key to passage-necessary to compel and agreement on TAA Doug Palmer, Reuters contributor, 9/2 (Obama's trade legacy in a crucible this fall, http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/02/us-usa-obama-trade-idUSTRE7814CZ20110902) Still, Congress' approval … the trade pacts. Failure to pass SKFTA collapses the economy, our alliance with South Korea, and turns the case</p></div><div><p>Robert D. Hormats, Under Secretary for Economic, Energy and Agricultural Affairs, 9/13 (US economic policy and the Asia Pacific, www.state.gov/e/rls/rmk/2011/172307.htm) n line with these … its foreign policy influence. Economic collapse triggers global nuclear war Friedberg & Schoenfeld 2008 [Aaron, professor of politics and international relations at Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School, Gabriel, Visiting Scholar @ Witherspoon Institute, The Dangers of a Diminished America, WSJ, 10/21, Proquest Protectionist sentiments are … external adventures.</p></div><div><p>
Demise of the alliance causes a nuclear war, ending in extinction </p></div><div><p>Hayes and Green, 2010 - *Victoria University AND **Executive Director of the Nautilus Institute (Peter and Michael, “-“The Path Not Taken, the Way Still Open: Denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia”, 1/5, </p></div><div><p>http://www.nautilus.org/fora/security/10001HayesHamalGreen.pdf)</p></div><div><p>The … from the international community.</p></div>
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GSU Security K v Cal GW
- Tournament: GSU | Round: 3 | Opponent: Cal GW | Judge:
<div><p><span style="line-height: 20px;">=Security K=</span></p></div><div></div><div><p><span style="line-height: 20px;">The affirmative assistance to the Middle East takes place upon the backdrop of a technological ontology that attempts to create certainty and stability through the imposition of military strategy—however, the affirmative’s enframing of the Middle East is doomed to fail</span></p></div><div><p><span style="line-height: 20px;">BURKE, 2K5 (Anthony, Hoss, “Iraq: Strategy’s burnt offering”, Global Change, Peace and Security, 17:2)</span></p></div><div><p><span style="line-height: 20px;">Such a system … abandoned or rethought.</span></p></div><div></div><div><p><span style="line-height: 20px;">Our alternative is to refuse the politics of the 1AC – this act of criticism is crucial to rupturing the aff’s hegemonic enframing and allowing a space for politics outside of security</span></p></div><div><p><span style="line-height: 20px;">BURKE, 2K2 (Anthony, School of Political Science and International Studies, University of Queensland, Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 27.1)</span></p></div><div><p><span style="line-height: 20px;">It is perhaps easy … possibilities might be.</span></p></div><div></div>
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| 01/09/12 |
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GSU Bahrain CP
- Tournament: GSU | Round: 7 | Opponent: Mich CH | Judge: Topp
Text: The United States federal government should threaten to terminate the U.S. Defense Cooperation Agreement with the Bahraini government unless the Bahraini governmentinitiates an institutional dialogue with the opposition, where it accepts, as a starting point for reform, the agenda presented by the crown prince and accepted by Al-Wifaq, and provides human rights protections for the opposition. The CP solves the entire case and avoid the net benefit-leveraging the U.S. defense cooperation agreement will pressure the regime to make the necessary reforms to solve the plan action, maintain popular support for the base presence, and boost regional democratization Joost R. Hiltermann is Deputy Program Director for Middle East and North Africa at the International Crisis Group, 9/7 (Pushing for Reform in Bahrain, International Crisis Group) Ever since the …o show the way.
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| 01/09/12 |
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GSU Security K v Kansas CG
- Tournament: GSU | Round: 5 | Opponent: Kansas CG | Judge:
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Security KThe affirmative assistance to the Middle East takes place upon the backdrop of a technological ontology that attempts to create certainty and stability through the imposition of military strategy—however, the affirmative’s enframing of the Middle East is doomed to fail
BURKE, 2K5 (Anthony, Hoss, “Iraq: Strategy’s burnt offering”, Global Change, Peace and Security, 17:2)
Such a system ….abandoned or rethought. Democracy assistance is entrenched in the ideology of the war on terror which imagines the US as outside of history, capable of reducing the Middle East to a series of objects to be manipulated and reshaped in its own image—depoliticizing intervention
Noorani, 2k5 (Yaseen, Assistant Professor in Near Eastern Studies @ U of Arizona, “The Rhetoric of Security”, CR: The New Centennial Review, 5.1)
The Bush ….or the foreseeable future. The invocation of realism and the rhetoric of “regional stability” is a thinly veiled attempt to maintain US control over world politics and can only result in violence and failed intervention Hoover, 2k11 (Joe, Fellow in the International Relations Dept at the LSE, “Egypt and the Failure of Realism”, Journal of Critical Globalisation Studies, Issue 4) Recent upheavals in …its own analytical failings.
The affirmative remains locked within a puritanical quest to stabilize the globe through its projection of exceptionalism. Modeling claims reduce the world to a series of passive objects enthralled by democracy.
NAYAK AND MALONE ‘9 (Meghana and Christopher, “American Orientalism and American Exceptionalism: A Critical Rethinking of US Hegemony”, International Studies Review, Vol.11, issue 2)
The myth that the …t it will withdraw” (Kristol and Kagan 1996). Furthermore, A policy making rooted in a violent ontology can ONLY manifest in violent policies
BURKE, 7 ( Anthony, Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at UNSW, Sydney, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, Muse)
My argument here, … violence? Will our thought? Our alternative is to refuse the politics of the 1AC – this act of criticism is crucial to rupturing the aff’s hegemonic enframing and allowing a space for politics outside of security
BURKE, 2K2 (Anthony, School of Political Science and International Studies, University of Queensland, Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 27.1)
It is perhaps easy … possibilities might be.
| 01/09/12 |
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KY T Increase
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Interpretation -- Increase means to make larger American Heritage Dictionary 2000, http://www.thefreedictionary.com/increase in•crease (n-krs) v. in•creased, in•creas•ing, in•creas•es v.intr. 1. To become greater or larger. 2. To multiply; reproduce. v.tr. To make greater or larger. Violation – plan claims to trade off with existing funding Ground – allowing them to repurpose current funding gets out of all spending and politics links – key core generics Bidirectional – allows them to claim benefits off of changing any combination of existing funding priorities, makes them unpredictable and steals neg K & CP ground Voter for fairness and education – evaluate under a competing interpretations framework
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KY Egypt Military Aid CP
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
1NC Condition Mil Assistance CP CP Text: The United States federal government should condition existing military aid to Egypt on the Egyptian government offering the Freedom and Justice Party of Egypt a substantial amount of assistance for political party development. It solves the whole case and the advantages-absent conditioned military aid Egyptian generals will reject the plan David A. Super, a law professor at Georgetown University, is active in Voices for a Democratic Egypt, 23 August 2011 (Time for the U.S. to use its influence in Egypt) Americans like to … the Arab world.
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| 01/09/12 |
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Fullerton T Directly Political
- Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northwestern MW | Judge:
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1NC “Directly Political” A. Interpretation:
“Democracy assistance” must be the direct advancement of democratic institutions Burnell, ‘1
(Peter, PhD, Professor of Politics and International Studies at University of Warwick, Democracy Assistance: International Cooperation for Democratization, pg 4) Thus the notions of democracy that lie at
AND
are judged too risky to entertain at home. This primary political goal is the advancement of democracy
Burnell, ‘1
(Peter, PhD, Professor of Politics and International Studies at University of Warwick, Democracy Assistance: International Cooperation for Democratization, pg 5) When defining democracy assistance there are three sets
AND
qualify as assistance can involve somewhat arbitrary judgments. B. Violation: the Aff is only indirectly political – focused on reconciliation and memory not on building political structures of democracy C. Vote Neg: - Limits: the infinite number of economic and social programs makes the Neg research burden impossibly large and unpredictable
2. Ground: there are no common generics across the different forms of foreign aid with other goals—we lose core Ks of democracy, politics links, and coup DAs 3. Topical education – only way to learn about democracy in MENA countries instead of other goals
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Fullerton Framework v Northwestern MW
- Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northwestern MW | Judge:
1NC 1 Definitional support: a) USFG is the central government in Washington USLegal, Acc 2010, http://definitions.uslegal.com/u/united-states-federal-government/ The United States Federal Government is established by AND reserved to the States or to the people. b) The topic is defined by the phrase following the colon – the USFG is the agent of the resolution, not the individual debaters Webster’s Guide to Grammar and Writing – 2000, http://ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/marks/colon.htm Use of a colon before a list or AND clause after the colon with a capital letter. d) “Should” denotes an expectation of enacting a plan American Heritage Dictionary – 2000 [www.dictionary.com] 3 Used to express probability or expectation Reasons to vote aff must stem from the theoretical implementation of the plan text - Reasons to vote aff external are extra-topical stances unconnected to the resolution. Reject the team— 1. Stasis—the plan is a the only stable entry point, shifting this lets them choose the focus and keep us from engaging them. Equal division of ground and stable research focus are impossible this way. Predictability – infinite number of critical approaches they could ask the judge to endorse – endorsing plan action key to predictability Ground – destroy neg ground – get out of links to our DAs, CPs, and Ks by shifting focus from plan action 2. Turns case Feaver 2001 (Peter, Asst. Prof of Political Science at Duke University, Twenty-First Century Weapons Proliferation, p 178) At the same time, virtually all good AND work in the proliferation field already does so. 3. Independently—if they shift explanation you should vote them down, even if we don’t extend framework we can’t debate when the role of the plan shifts. They had 9 minutes to explain before we could respond, if it wasn’t clear by then don’t cut them any slack.
1NC 1 Definitional support:
a) USFG is the central government in Washington
USLegal, Acc 2010, http://definitions.uslegal.com/u/united-states-federal-government/
The United States Federal Government is established by
AND
reserved to the States or to the people. b) The topic is defined by the phrase following the colon – the USFG is the agent of the resolution, not the individual debaters
Webster’s Guide to Grammar and Writing – 2000, http://ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/marks/colon.htm
Use of a colon before a list or
AND
clause after the colon with a capital letter. d) “Should” denotes an expectation of enacting a plan
American Heritage Dictionary – 2000 [www.dictionary.com]
3 Used to express probability or expectation Reasons to vote aff must stem from the theoretical implementation of the plan text - Reasons to vote aff external are extra-topical stances unconnected to the resolution. Reject the team— - Stasis—the plan is a the only stable entry point, shifting this lets them choose the focus and keep us from engaging them. Equal division of ground and stable research focus are impossible this way.
Predictability – infinite number of critical approaches they could ask the judge to endorse – endorsing plan action key to predictability
Ground – destroy neg ground – get out of links to our DAs, CPs, and Ks by shifting focus from plan action
2. Turns case
Feaver 2001 (Peter, Asst. Prof of Political Science at Duke University, Twenty-First Century Weapons Proliferation, p 178) At the same time, virtually all good
AND
work in the proliferation field already does so. 3. Independently—if they shift explanation you should vote them down, even if we don’t extend framework we can’t debate when the role of the plan shifts. They had 9 minutes to explain before we could respond, if it wasn’t clear by then don’t cut them any slack.
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Fullerton Case v Cal HP
- Tournament: Fullerton | Round: 4 | Opponent: Cal HP | Judge:
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Adv 2
Indo Pak war is low risk – Mumbai proves both sides react to crises with caution Bruce London, South Asia Correspondent, 2008. The Australian, “Doomsday Dread,” http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/doomsday-dread/story-e6frg6t6-1111118216188
THE doomsayers' published assessments tell the grim story
AND
by the intense secrecy that surrounds their arsenals.
\
No impact to hegemonic decline
Preble 8/3/2010 (Christopher Preble, director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, taught history at St. Cloud State University and Temple University, was a commissioned officer in the U.S. Navy, Ph.D. in history from Temple University. “U.S. Military Power: Preeminence for What Purpose?” 8/3/10) http://www.cato-at-liberty.org/u-s-military-power-preeminence-for-what-purpose/) Most in Washington still embraces the notion that
AND
and in the security of their respective regions. Case Israeli military dominance prevents wars from escalating.
JCSS Bulletin 01 Jaffe Center for Strategic Studies at Tel Aviv University, “Israeli Strategic Dominance: A Deterrent to Regional Conflict” No. 27, http://www.tau.ac.il/jcss/bulletin/bulletin27.pdf Presenting this year's volume, Prof. Feldman
AND
against Israel- is yet to become operational." Middle East war won’t escalate.
Zey Chafets 02, columnist for The New York Daily News, September 29, 2002, Daily News, p. Lexis Maybe Saddam’s missiles will be armed with unconventional
AND
regimes are stable to the point of fossilization. The SCAF will say no to IMET-doing everything it can to buck subordination to civilian rule
Glen Johnson, New Internationalist, 11/
AND
-protests-tahrir-square-military/)
The military’s proposals put its budget beyond civilian
AND
annual $2 billion in US military aid. ZERO data exists demonstrating E-IMET’s effectiveness
Defense Security Cooperation Agency 2008 (IMET Assessment
AND
)
Currently, approximately $88 million is budgeted
AND
the effort to assess some part of it. Long time frame for solvency-literally decades before there is any spill over or institutionalization
Defense Security Cooperation Agency 2008 (IMET Assessment
AND
)
Sixth, the question of time further complicates
AND
progress in their careers over years or decades. Takes decades to solve and zero direct correlation between E-IMET and any CMR change
Defense Security Cooperation Agency 2008 (IMET Assessment
AND
)
Although many interviewees had no hesitation in making
AND
, something which can take years or decades. No risk Israel starts a Middle East war-internal and external pressure checks
CSM 12/9 (Air strikes against
AND
-nuclear-program-Israel-reconsiders)
Israel’s stance toward archrival Iran, which it
AND
war in which Israel would sustain heavy damage.
The status quo solves the case- plan causes the SCAF to overreact and exercise complete control
Carnegie Endowment 11/10 (Is Military
AND
-egypt-really-temporary/71dj)
The end of Hosni Mubarak’s regime marks a
AND
a new posture in this time of uncertainty. Israeli military dominance prevents wars from escalating.
JCSS Bulletin 01 Jaffe Center for Strategic Studies at Tel Aviv University, “Israeli Strategic Dominance: A Deterrent to Regional Conflict” No. 27, http://www.tau.ac.il/jcss/bulletin/bulletin27.pdf Presenting this year's volume, Prof. Feldman
AND
against Israel- is yet to become operational." Middle East war won’t escalate.
Zey Chafets 02, columnist for The New York Daily News, September 29, 2002, Daily News, p. Lexis Maybe Saddam’s missiles will be armed with unconventional
AND
regimes are stable to the point of fossilization.
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Coast Unemployment Benefits DA
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
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Year long unemployment insurance extension will pass-momentum from two month extension, and Obama push
Voice of America news service 12/31
AND
)
President Barack Obama says he is hopeful that
AND
repeat throughout his 2012 re-election campaign.
<link> Political capital is key-prior wins don’t matter – only a sustained and focused push can get it done
Allister Bull and Caren Boha, Gulf News
AND
)
For US President Barack Obama, it was
AND
into the pockets of American households in 2012. It’s key to the economy-failure to extend for a full year collapses recovery and future growth
NPR 12/22 (What's the economic
AND
-the-tax-break-dies)
For the full year, the average household
AND
program and consumer spending," the firm concluded. Global nuclear war
Friedberg & Schoenfeld 2008 [Aaron, professor
AND
, WSJ, 10/21, Proquest]
Protectionist sentiments are sure to grow stronger as
AND
None of this is good news if the authorit
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Fullerton SCAF DA v Cal HP
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
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1NC DA The SCAF hates the plan-will backlash and crack down on civilians turning the case
POMED 2011 (U.S. Military
AND
)
Responding to a question from Graefe, Cook
AND
time but is essential to bringing real reform. Plan fails to promote democracy, but it does kill relations withthe SCAF, which kills US freedom of action
Martini and Taylor September 2011. JEFF MARTINI
AND
,” Foreign Affairs, 90.5, Ebsco
Yet the United States' capacity to advance democratization
AND
the United States can do little to change. That kills hegemony
David Wood, Chief Military Correspondent, Politics
AND
-to-the-middle-e/
Whatever the outcome of the tumult wracking Egypt
AND
Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments in Washington.
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Fullerton Egypt PIC v Cal HP
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
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The United States federal government should offer military education democracy programming for Maşr to substantially increase Maşrian participation in military education democracy programming. Use of the name “Egypt” sustains colonialism Maşr” affirms an alternative conception which prevents violence
KHAIR 2005 (Tabish, Tabish Khair's titles
AND
critical companion, p. 83-85)
Rather than viewing colonialism as a response to
AND
one we have come to regard as inevitable. The impact is genocide
BERNAUER 1990 (James, Professor of Philosophy
AND
Force of Flight, pp 22-23)
This study of Foucault contains many agreements with
AND
begin where it does: in a nightmare.
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KY End Aid CP v Pitt ML
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
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1NC CP Text: The United States federal government should end its democracy assistance for all political parties in Egypt. Attempts to aid one group or another step over the line –should end aid equally. This your own evidence
Carothers, Democracy at Carnegie, ’11 (Thomas, February 24, “How not to promote democracy in Egypt” Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/24/AR2011022406530.html)
Former ambassador…political party support. Case Consequences key—moral focus is politically ineffective and causes evil
Isaac, Prof. of Political Science @ Indiana Univ., 2002, Jeffery, DISSENT, Spring, v49, n2, ProQuest
As writers such as Niccolo …. And it undermines political effectiveness. They don’t resolve all their impacts through the plan – means you can’t weigh them as advantages. And, US democracy assistance is inevitably and inalterably tied to convergence. Because of US imperial ambitions, its programs attempt to impose an orthodox version of neoliberal democracy, disabling all of the various alternatives. Alison J. Ayers ‘9 Simon Fraser University “Imperial Liberties: Democratisation and Governance in the ‘New’ Imperial Order” POLITICAL STUDIES: 2009 VOL 57, 1–27 Transformation in the three ‘spheres’ …. triumphalism’ (Comaroff and Comaroff, 1997, p. 141). Revitalizing democratic experimentalism is the most important and effective way of energizing programmatic imagination of alternatives around the globe David Slater ‘9 Dept. Geog, Loughborough University, Human Geography Volume 2, Number 3 2009, EXPORTING IMPERIAL DEMOCRACY: CRITICAL REFLECTIONS ON THE US CASE In the global context of a …. flourish in an open and creative manner. Democracy assistance is the passport to a capitalist future – it allows absolute violence to spread across the globe.
Badiou ’11 (Alain, Democracy in What State?, pp. 6-8)
Well, I say this: before …. the Romans, and either way it was servitude, not emancipation. Resist the urge to shape new institutions into our mold – only an ethics that insists upon the people’s control of the direction of new movements solves
Badiou ’11 (Alain, Prof. @ European Graduate School, Former chair of Philosophy @ École Normale Supérieure, “The Universal Reach of Popular Uprisings” the symptom, http://www.lacan.com/thesymptom/?page_id=1031)
The Wind of the East …. to assemble themselves. Util is key to policymaking
Goodin, Research School of Social Sciences @ Australian National Univ., 1995, Robert, Utilitarianism as a public philosophy, p. 26-7
The great advantage of …. thus understood is, I would argue, a uniquely defensible public policy.
| 01/09/12 |
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USC T DA v Fresno EK
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
-
1NC Democracy assistance requires transfers of funds, expertise and material Lappin ‘9
(Richard, Ph .D . candidate at the Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven in Belgium, "What We Talk About When We Talk About Democracy Assistance: The Problem of Definition in Post-Conflict Approaches to Democratisation,” http://www.cejiss.org/sites/default/files/8.pdf) Democracy assistance can be most accurately defined as
AND
society groups, media groups and political parties . Violation –
the plan provides elements that are not democracy assistance – particularly redirecting other funds, shifts in the US’s entire stance toward the Middle East and North Africa, and “encouraging” solutions instead of providing aid Standards Predictability – providing democracy assistance within the literature key for the neg to predict affs, which is key to neg strategy and ground – can’t win links to things not in the lit Education – key to learn about democracy assistance, which is distinct from other international policy policies like diplomacy – topic education outweighs Extratopicality is an independent voter - Unpredictable: There is no way to predict actions outside the bounds of the resolution, we cant engage non topical plan planks
2. Ground- They get unlimited advantage ground that we won’t have links to our defense against. 3. Aff says the answer to the resolution is no: they concede resolution insufficient and that’s a neg ballot 4. Must reject the entire plan- just dropping extra-t planks makes it a NO-RISK OPTION which means the neg has to deal with extra topical cases EVERY round Voter for fairness and education – evaluate T under a competing interpretations framework
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USC Russian Arms Sales DA v Emory MR
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
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1NC 2
Russia’s support of Arab League resolution protects its interests when Assad eventually falls
Bridget Kendall, Diplomatic correspondent, BBC, 12/16/2011, “Syria unrest: Russia pulled two ways,” http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-16223754
Remember what happened with Libya. Once it
AND
whatever it can salvage for the longer term. That’s key to Russian arms sales
Nicholas Blanford, CSM Correspondent, 9/19/2011, “Why Russia is blocking international action against Syria,” http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2011/0919/Why-Russia-is-blocking-international-action-against-Syria/(page)/2
Russian-Syrian ties are perhaps strongest in
AND
of business deals reached with the Qaddafi regime. Arms sales key to Russian economy
RIVLIN 2005 – Senior Research Fellow at the Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies, Tel Aviv University (Dr. Paul, “The Russian Economy and Arms Exports to the Middle East,” The Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies)
In the years 1994-98, Russian
AND
on fluctuating income from oil and gas sales. Russian economic decline causes nuclear war
FILGER 2009 (Sheldon, author and blogger for the Huffington Post, “Russian Economy Faces Disastrous Free Fall Contraction” http://www.globaleconomiccrisis.com/blog/archives/356)
In Russia historically, economic health and political
AND
Global Economic Crisis is its least dangerous consequence.
| 01/09/12 |
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Fullerton Case v Northwestern MW
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
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Transitional justice fails—structural flaws Call, 2k4 (Charles, “Assistant Professor Watson Institute for International Studies”, Brown Journal of World Affairs Vol. XI, Issue 1) Unfortunately, when examined carefully, ….misuse as “victors’ justice. The plan’s affective focus fails—any attempt at creating a new collective memory fail Stevens et al, 2k7 (Garth, Institute for Social Health Sciences, U of South Africa, and Clint van der Walr, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, and Vije Franchi, Institute of Psychology, U of Lyon, “The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission: ‘Race’, historical compromise and transitional democracy”, Internationl Journal of Intercultural Relations, 27) In this section it is argued that … concrete change [Italics added]. (p. 102) The TRC wont solve the advantage—they have historically favored victim testimony and been coopted by perpetrators to prevent society wide reconciliation Call, 2k4 (Charles, “Assistant Professor Watson Institute for International Studies”, Brown Journal of World Affairs Vol. XI, Issue 1) Truth Commissions. Over two-dozen …best complements to retributive justice. TRCs have historically produced collective amnesia in an attempt to mediate trauma—the aff’s rationalization of US human rights abuses DEPOLITICIZES dissent and prevents radical challenges to authority Stevens et al, 2k7 (Garth, Institute for Social Health Sciences, U of South Africa, and Clint van der Walr, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, and Vije Franchi, Institute of Psychology, U of Lyon, “The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission: ‘Race’, historical compromise and transitional democracy”, Internationl Journal of Intercultural Relations, 27) These compromises, made … wealth and land, on the other. The aff’s reconciliation will result in an internalized form of victimization—turns the case Saunder, 2k5 (Rebecca, Teaches in Dept of English at Illinois State, “Disgrace in the Time of a Truth Commission”, Parallax, vol. 11, no 3) But this visceral ‘opening up’ …to find little rest. The aff’s focus on violations of human rights DIRECTLY facilitates a depoliticization of everyday forms of violence
Stevens et al, 2k7 (Garth, Institute for Social Health Sciences, U of South Africa, and Clint van der Walr, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, and Vije Franchi, Institute of Psychology, U of Lyon, “The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission: ‘Race’, historical compromise and transitional democracy”, Internationl Journal of Intercultural Relations, 27)
The TRC’s focus was … of physical violence. The result is a depersonalization of the victims of US abuse—turns their affect arguments
Stevens et al, 2k7 (Garth, Institute for Social Health Sciences, U of South Africa, and Clint van der Walr, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, and Vije Franchi, Institute of Psychology, U of Lyon, “The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission: ‘Race’, historical compromise and transitional democracy”, Internationl Journal of Intercultural Relations, 27)
Two central arguments emerge … achieve a complete history and a complete truth. And this human rights based form of victimization locks the oppressed into a hierarchal subjectivity—kills ethics
Kapur, Director of the Centre for Feminist Legal Research New Dehli, 2006 Ratna, 28 Sydney L. Rev. 665, lexis
Finally, a major … in the global present.
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USC Libya PIC v MoState BR
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
-
LIBYA 1NC The United States federal government should provide support for transparent democratic governance in Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica. Use of the name “Libya” supports a racist scheme of colonialist genocide—rejecting the imposition of foreign names allows resistance
MEGALOMMATIS 2010 (Dr. Muhammad Shamsaddin Megalommatis, PhD, “Fake Sudan (Real Ethiopia) and Fake Ethiopia (Real Abyssinia): what is at stake?” American Chronicle, Feb 16, http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/141807)
As it happens with the ….Egypt, i.e. today´s Sudan. The CP is the same area that the plan affects
MUHAMMOD 2011 (Salem, “Ghost of King Idris Fighting Gaddafi in Libya,” Middle East Newswire, Feb 22, http://www.mideastnewswire.com/idris-gaddafi)
To understand what … tribal areas don’t really like each other so much.
| 01/09/12 |
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USC Loans v MoState BR
- Tournament: USC | Round: 4 | Opponent: MoState BR | Judge: Cronen
-
Loans avoid the spending links and solve better by creating a sense of Libyan financial responsibility for reconstruction
Zeigler ‘11
(Tate, Contact for press release on Lindsey Graham’s website, “American Assistance to Libya Should be Loans, Not Grants,” 10-31, http://lgraham.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=PressRoom.PressReleases&ContentRecord_id=5ac8faf8-802a-23ad-4ac2-c90dd319d193)
U.S. Senator Lindsey …. nation will not make the same mistake twice."
2NC Competition
A. “Democracy assistance” excludes market transactions—allowing loan-based plans devolves into arbitrary judgments about what qualifies as concessionary
Burnell, ‘1
(Peter, PhD, Professor of Politics and International Studies at University of Warwick, Democracy Assistance: International Cooperation for Democratization, pg 5)
When defining …arbitrary judgments. B. Even if they provide concessionary loans, that’s functionally the same
Clements ‘4
(Benedict Clements, Sanjeev Gupta, Alexander Pivovarsky, and Er win R. Tiongson, Benedict Clements is a Deputy Division Chief, Sanjeev Gupta an Assistant Director, and Alexander Pivovarsky an Economist in the IMF’s Fiscal Affairs Department. Erwin R. Tiongson is an Economist in the World Bank’s Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Unit, “Foreign Aid: Grants versus Loans,” Finance & Development September, http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2004/09/pdf/clements.pdf)
TO MEET the Millennium … roughly equivalent to grants. 1NC Politics Link
Political capital is required to make Congress accept grants rather than loans, due to rough fiscal conditions
Shields et al 03, Margaret Warner and syndicated columnist Mark Shields and New York Times columnist William Safire, 10/17/2003, “The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer,” Lexis
WILLIAM SAFIRE: First …. votes as a big deal
2NC Politics Links
Oil and fiscal climate
Economists for Democrats, 10/24/2004, “Bush Threatens to Veto $87 Billion Iraq Bill,” http://www.deltronweb.com/hcovitz/politics/blog/2007/06/bush-threatens-to-veto-87-billion-iraq.html
Loan supporters … other projects. Loans are more popular for Democrats and conservative Republicans
FOX News, 10/19/2003, “House, Senate OK $87 Billion for Iraq,” http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,100405,00.html
"I'm sure it will be … assistance as a loan.
AT: All Foreign Aid = Unpopular
Supporting loans rather than grants blunts unpopularity of foreign aid
Robert Behre, The Post and Courier, 10/27/2011, “Graham pushes foreign aid,” Lexis
Graham said he … bombs can," he said.
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