***2AC CITES***
case
Rapid development of centralized governance in Libya is the only way to stave off waves of instability and civil war
ICG 12-14, international crisis group – independent non-profit NGO, “holding libya together: security challenges after qadhafi”,
As the recent upsurge of violence … obligation not to become overly complacent about its promising but still fragile future.
Transition is slow and increasingly violent
BBC 1/3 (“Deadly clash of militias in Libyan capital Tripoli”, )
Four people have been killed and at … dealing with the militia problem is one of the key challenges ahead, our correspondent adds.
asked for aff
Libya asked for the aff
Allen 11 (Michael, Runs Democracy Digest, Special Assistant for Government Relations and Public Affairs at the National Endowment for Democracy, 9/13, “Libya’s factions maneuver ahead of ‘complex’
“Transition is complex, open-ended and always subject to reverses,” he notes, but insists that Libya “will be ready to meet the travails of democratic consolidation once constitution-framing is completed.”
Libya’s democratic transition … and very quickly.”
eu – russia
Russian leverage destroys EU foreign policy
Cohen, 7
(Ph.D., Heritage Foreign Policy studies Russian and Eurasian Senior Research Fellow, 11/5, "Europe's Strategic Dependence on Russian Energy," http://www.heritage.org/Research/Europe/bg2083.cfm)
From the American perspective, … on some key issues.
Extinction
Bruton, 1
(Former Irish, PM-October, “joint committee on European affairs, parliament of Ireland,” http://www.irlgov.ie/committees-02/c-european affairs/future/page1.htm)
2.5 As the Laeken Declaration put it, … forces that will otherwise overwhelm us.
nk
Cred solves North Korea war
Etzioni 11 (Amitai, professor of international relations at George Washington University and author of Security First: For a Muscular, Moral Foreign Policy, “The Coming Test of U.S. Credibility”, )
The Next Test
As I will show shortly, in recent years a large and … where U.S. credibility is most being tested and will continue to be in the near future.
Korean war goes nuclear
STRATFOR 10 5/26/10, “North Korea, South Korea: The Military Balance on the Peninsula,”
So the real issue is the potential for escalation — … escalates much further.
medical
1) perm
2) not solve = case proves demo institutions key to stability, not beuild
Dobbins = have to take responsibility for whole, 1ac cordesman doing medical now
IF CP not link plan not – not provision of aid
Wolfowitz 11/3 (Paul, a visiting scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, has served as deputy U.S. secretary of defense and U.S. ambassador to Indonesia, 2011, “America's Opportunity in Libya”, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204394804577011721031265512.html)
Those who opposed NATO action to liberate Libya … leadership the U.S. can afford. In the end, we will pay a higher price if we do nothing.
More evidence – squo proves can’t solve stability
ICG 12-14, international crisis group – independent … bureaucratic habits – are being vetted.
Privatized aid fails and undermines US credibility
Dobransky, 11
(Adjunct Professor-Poli Sci-Cleveland State University, http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/item/2011/0104/comm/dobransky_coming.html)
The argument against privatized foreign … with the contractor Blackwater (now, Xe).
Econ downturn means no one donates
Frazier 11 and Lopez-Rivera, 7/24 (Eric and Marisa, Corporate giving slow to recover as economy remains shaky, The Chronicle of Philanthropy, p. , 7/24)
The Chronicle’s findings reflect how … as cash has become tighter.
Free-riding means the CP can’t generate enough aid – also doesn’t solve cred
Markovic, 5
Law—Georgetown, http://milanpundit.blogspot.com/2005/01/private-v-public-charity.html
Moreover, Bush's proposal to have … an inexcusable abdication of responsibility.
CP Links to politics—viewed as outsourcing
Mankiw, 7
http://gregmankiw.blogspot.com/2007/10/alternative-to-foreign-aid.html
SATURDAY, OCTOBER 20, 2007
An Alternative to Foreign Aid
Justin Muzinich and Eric Werker (… third-world sweatshops tax credit."
Fails – local governments can’t keep track
Garrett 9 (Laurie, Senior Fellow for Global Health, CFR, January, “The Future of Foreign Assistance Amid Global Economic and Financial Crisis”, www.cfr.org/global-governance/future-foreign-assistance-amid-global-economic-financial-crisis/p18167)
Beyond the question of what … versus on-the-ground salary support.
None of the reasons free markets are good apply to aid
Prokopijevic 5 (Miroslav, Professor of public choice in Belgrade and Podgorica and Principal fellow of the IES, Belgrade and ICER, “WHY FOREIGN AID FAILS”, )
Although this is the case, … from the usual commercial activity.
Obama needs to directly act – … of this argument:
A lot of what our job is about is understanding the point of view of others, even when we disagree with them. A lot of our job is explaining to students a wide variety of viewpoints, and allowing them to choose from among them.
I don’t think FDR worried … he "gloried in his enemies."
FDR also largely got what he wanted.
So, when pundits debate where … . He would say that too.
But Nate Silver’s critique in his is more on the mark.
If liberals are convinced that the President is too conservative and conservatives are convinced that he’s too liberal then either the President must be doing everything right or everything wrong. Lately, granted, it has seemed more like the latter…
What I think people were hoping for is that Obama would, somehow or another, be able to overcome the institutional barriers to change, probably through a hands-on approach involving a lot of public persuasion.
Put bluntly, Obama needs to … compromise and a time to fight.
For which specific issues is Obama really willing to fight and lose? He is not saying, “” Americans still have no clue what his core beliefs are. And, they are losing respect. That gives demagogues an opening and is the main reason Obama’s grass roots support has evaporated when he needs it most.
Look, if the economy regains … a true liability for the President.
pakistan
More aid now ---
Morocco
PR Newswire 12-23, “Congress, President Approve Extending U.S. Aid for Morocco Reforms to Western Sahara, Advance U.S. Policy Backing Moroccan Autonomy Solution,” http://www.marketwatch.com/story/congress-president-approve-extending-us-aid-for-morocco-reforms-to-western-sahara-advance-us-policy-backing-moroccan-autonomy-solution-2011-12-23
For the first time, U.S. program … and security across the region."
Palestine
JTA 12-30, “U.S. releases $40 million to PA”, http://www.jta.org/news/article/2011/12/30/3090961/us-releases-40-million-to-pa
The United States transferred $40 million … actions at the United Nations.
No link – doesn’t spend money – send over expert
Plan comes from the regional response fund
McInerney, 11 - is Executive Director of the Project on Middle East Democracy (Stephen, "The Federal Budget and Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2012 DEMOCRACY, GOVERNANCE, AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST”, July, )
The administration has wisely budgeted … Syria, Libya, Yemen, or elsewhere.
No ev that Pakistan is … , we wouldn’t cut their aid
Pakistan and democracy budgets are distinct WITHIN the ESF budget – no tradeoff
USAID 07 (“Economic Support Fund,” USAID overview of ESF budget, http://www.usaid.gov/policy/budget/cbj2007/an/esf.html)
For South Asia we are … the victims of trafficking ($8.5 million).
– nothing can solve that anyway – Pakistan strategic calculus
Cohen 1/14 (Michael Cohen, Senior Fellow at the American Security Project, serves on the board of the National Security Network and has taught at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs, served in the U.S. Department of State, former Senior Vice President at the strategic communications firm of Robinson, Lerer and Montgomery, bachelor’s degree in international relations from American University and a master’s degree from Columbia University, “U.S. Must Accommodate Pakistan's Interests in Afghanistan,” 1/14/11)
At the heart of the U.S. … -- supportive of the Afghan insurgents.
Pakistan instability and non-cooperation are inevitable – economy, floods and elections
Ullman 12/22 (Harlan Ullman, Advisor at …
To many observers, Pakistan has long been at the brink of an existential crisis, much of it due to a growing insurgency exacerbated by the war in Afghanistan.
But now the economy is … needed revenues for the government.
Last week's loss of a small partner -- Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam -- in the coalition for almost comedic reasons underscored the seriousness of these crises.
More shocks and warnings will follow especially after the release of the White House Afghan review last week. Eliminating so-called Taliban sanctuaries in western Pakistan was a central conclusion of that review. Chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff Adm. Mike Mullen reiterated that point in his latest visit to Pakistan. The White House will increase pressure on the Pakistani government to act.
Pakistan has a fundamentally different assessment and one that could put both countries on a collision course.
The game clock is ticking … be sustained by a different government.
By late summer or early fall, Washington will become obsessed with the 2012 elections. At that stage, and with economic conditions in Pakistan deteriorating, the PPP could lose a no confidence vote or the Pakistani Muslim League-N headed by twice Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif could call for a mid-year election.
An election may produce a hung … of many billions of dollars.
Indopak war won't escalate or cause extinction.
Dyer 2002 (5/24, Gwinette, Hamilton Spectator, "Nuclear war a possibility over Kashmir", Lexis, WEA)
For those who do not … be drawn into the fighting.
The detonation of a hundred or so relatively small nuclear weapons over India and Pakistan would not cause grave harm to the wider world from fallout.
People over 40 have already lived through a period when the great powers conducted hundreds of nuclear tests in the atmosphere, and they are mostly still here.
2ac – politics – payroll
Boehner can’t whip up the necessary GOP votes and the Dems will push for a millionaires tax-dooming any extension
Donna Smith, Reuters, 1/19 (Democrats to press advantage in payroll tax cut fight, )
It is unclear whether House … over the struggling middle-class.
That tax kills any chances
Huff Post 1/18 (Payroll tax cut extension: Congress revisiting bruising fight, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/18/payroll-tax-cut-extension_n_1212631.html)
Q: How long can Democrats … accused of blatantly playing politics.
Won’t pass-Riders, partisan fighting
Business Week 1/19 (U.S. Payroll tax cut conferees standing firm on differences, )
Congressional negotiators are refusing to … pay in his fiscal 2013 budget.
Keystone thumps the DA
Jennifer Rubin, WPost Politics Correspondent, 1/18 (Keystone XL decision hands the GOP a gift)
A number of House and … will have at their fingertips.\
Fights over Bush tax cuts thump the DA-even if there is no vote until later, Obama will be forced to take a stance and push now
The Hill 1/18 (Obama's tax dilemma, )
President Obama faces a difficult choice … will be up for grabs.
Libya aid empirically popular – NED proves
McInerney 11 (Stephen, Director of Advocacy … in other Arab countries soon).
Graham loves the plan
Millard 8/22 (Hal, 2011, “As Gaddafi Falls, Graham Hails Opportunity to Spread Democracy”, )
With Muammar Gaddafi's 42-year dictatorship … States' best interest, he said.
He’s key to the agenda
NPR 10 (“Sen. Lindsay Graham: Spotlight on a Dealmaker,” 3/24 http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=125063664&ft=3&f=1014,1017,1128)
In the past year, political … . 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, in civilian court.
GOP loves aid to libya
FoxNews 10-21, “Republicans Push for U.S. Role … of help in that direction.”
No spending links – plan isn’t the provision of aid and it would be already funded anyway
POMED, ‘11—Project on Middle East Democracy; nonpartisan, nonprofit organization dedicated to examining how genuine democracies can develop in the Middle East and how the U.S. can best support that process. (New FY2011 Budget Bill Released, 12 April 2011, http://pomed.org/blog/2011/04/new-fy2011-budget-bill-released.html/)
Under the bill, the funding … Middle East and North Africa.
Vote neg links to politics – plan put before congress and voted down
Winner’s Win-
Marshall and Prins 11 (BRYAN W, Miami University and BRANDON C, University of Tennessee & Howard H. Baker, Jr. Center for Public Policy, “Power or Posturing? Policy Availability and Congressional Influence on U.S. Presidential Decisions to Use Force”, Sept, Presidential Studies Quarterly 41, no. 3)
Presidents rely heavily on Congress … political capital at home (Fordham 2002).
Issues are compartmentalized – political capital has no effect on legislation
Dickinson, 09 – professor of political science at Middlebury College and taught previously at Harvard University where he worked under the supervision of presidential scholar Richard Neustadt (5/26/09, Matthew, Presidential Power: A NonPartisan Analysis of Presidential Politics, “Sotomayor, Obama and Presidential Power,” http://blogs.middlebury.edu/presidentialpower/2009/05/26/sotamayor-obama-and-presidential-power/, JMP)
As for Sotomayor, from here the path toward almost certain confirmation goes as follows: the Senate Judiciary Committee is slated to hold hearings sometime this summer (this involves both written depositions and of course open hearings), which should lead to formal Senate approval before Congress adjourns for its summer recess in early August. So Sotomayor will likely take her seat in time for the start of the new Court session on October 5. (I talk briefly about the likely politics of the nomination process below).
What is of more interest … present Sotomayor as his nominee.
If we want to measure Obama’s “power”, then, we need to know what his real preference was and why he chose Sotomayor. My guess – and it is only a guess – is that after conferring with leading Democrats and Republicans, he recognized the overriding practical political advantages accruing from choosing an Hispanic woman, with left-leaning credentials. We cannot know if this would have been his ideal choice based on judicial philosophy alone, but presidents are never free to act on their ideal preferences. Politics is the art of the possible. Whether Sotomayer is his first choice or not, however, her nomination is a reminder that the power of the presidency often resides in the president’s ability to dictate the alternatives from which Congress (or in this case the Senate) must choose. Although Republicans will undoubtedly attack Sotomayor for her judicial “activism” (citing in particular her decisions regarding promotion and affirmative action), her comments regarding the importance of gender and ethnicity in influencing her decisions, and her views regarding whether appellate courts “make” policy, they run the risk of alienating Hispanic voters – an increasingly influential voting bloc (to the extent that one can view Hispanics as a voting bloc!) I find it very hard to believe she will not be easily confirmed. In structuring the alternative before the Senate in this manner, then, Obama reveals an important aspect of presidential power that cannot be measured through legislative boxscores.
PC doesn’t solve --- GOP won’t … on spending issues pre-election
Reuters 9-15, “Analysis: Happy talk doesn't mean compromise in Congress”, http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/15/us-usa-congress-compromise-idUSTRE78E0SO20110915
Republicans in Congress may have dialed back their rhetoric, but that does not mean they are any more likely to yield to an unpopular Democratic president.
Coming off a bruising debt-ceiling debate that spooked investors, unnerved Americans and took the country to the edge of default, Republican leaders have promised to lower the temperature on Capitol Hill and try to work with President Barack Obama wherever possible.
But Republicans have little incentive … and political guns," Siegal said.
at: econ
Won’t have an economic stimulus effect-five reasons
Bruce Bartlett held senior policy roles in the Reagan and George H.W. Bush administrations, 11 (The Case Against a Payroll Tax Cut, economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/08/30/the-case-against-a-payroll-tax-cut/)
In theory, the payroll tax … included in the tax wedge.
CBO agrees
Bruce Bartlett held senior policy roles in the Reagan and George H.W. Bush administrations and served on the staffs of Representatives Jack Kemp and Ron Paul, 12/27 (How Politics came to dominate payroll tax debate, )
In August, The Wall Street … tax cut extension played out.
No effect – Keynesianism wrong
Louis Woodhill 12-21, columnist for Forbes, “… for the Republicans to start.
Alt cause china
New York Times 12-26
(“Dealing With China’s Troubles”, )
China’s economy seems to be … China’s currency has slowed markedly.
Heg solves inevitable economic decline
Mandelbaum 2005 – Professor and Director of the American Foreign Policy Program at Johns Hopkins – 2005
[Michael, The Case for Goliath: How America Acts As the World’s Government in the Twenty-First Century, p. 192-195]
Although the spread of nuclear … a fleet of cars without gasoline.
Fed will step in
Jon Hilsenrath, WSJ, 9/8 (Fed Prepares to Act, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111904103404576556943051259236.html?mod=googlenews_wsj)
Federal Reserve officials are considering … expressing support for additional action.
No impact—last recession proves … doesn’t determine conflict or instability
Barnett 2009 – senior managing director of Enterra Solutions LLC and a contributing editor/online columnist for Esquire magazine, columnist for World Politics Review (8/25, Thomas P.M. “The New Rules: Security Remains Stable Amid Financial Crisis,” World Politics Review, , WEA)
When the global financial crisis … advising and training local forces.
So, to sum up:
No significant uptick in mass … like Greece, Moldova and Latvia?);
The usual frequency maintained in civil conflicts (in all the usual places);
Not a single state-on-state war … powers (despite all that diplomacy);
A modest scaling back of international policing efforts by the system's acknowledged Leviathan power (inevitable given the strain); and
No serious efforts by any rising great power to challenge that Leviathan or supplant its role. (The worst things we can cite are Moscow's occasional deployments of strategic assets to the Western hemisphere and its weak efforts to outbid the United States on basing rights in Kyrgyzstan; but the best include China and India stepping up their aid and investments in Afghanistan and Iraq.)
Sure, we've finally seen global defense spending surpass the previous world record set in the late 1980s, but even that's likely to wane given the stress on public budgets created by all this unprecedented "stimulus" spending. If anything, the friendly cooperation on such stimulus packaging was the most notable great-power dynamic caused by the crisis.
Can we say that the … connecting evangelicalism as disconnecting fundamentalism.
At the end of the day, the economic crisis did not prove to be sufficiently frightening to provoke major economies into establishing global regulatory schemes, even as it has sparked a spirited -- and much needed, as I argued last week -- discussion of the continuing viability of the U.S. dollar as the world's primary reserve currency. Naturally, plenty of experts and pundits have attached great significance to this debate, seeing in it the beginning of "economic warfare" and the like between "fading" America and "rising" China. And yet, in a world of globally integrated production chains and interconnected financial markets, such "diverging interests" hardly constitute signposts for wars up ahead. Frankly, I don't welcome a world in which America's fiscal profligacy goes undisciplined, so bring it on -- please!
Add it all up and it's fair to say that this global financial crisis has proven the great resilience of America's post-World War II international liberal trade order.
Do I expect to read any analyses along those lines in the blogosphere any time soon?
Absolutely not. I expect the fantastic … what the Internet is for.
Libya key to SAM plolif
DOYLE 2011 (John, Washington area defense and homeland security writer, “COUNTER TERRORISM: Potential MANPADS Boom on Black Markets (Update)” March 4, http://4gwar.wordpress.com/2011/03/04/counter-terrorism-potential-manpads-boom-on-black-markets/)
Forget rising oil prices, defense … $2.1 billion a year in operating costs.
That kills the Economy
EHRENFELD 12-9-11 (Rachel Ehrenfeld, director of New York-based American Center for Democracy and its Economic Warfare Institute, “Libya's missing missiles: a threat to US airline passengers,” Christian Science Monitor, http://www.csmonitor.com/Business/new-economy/2011/1209/Libya-s-missing-missiles-a-threat-to-US-airline-passengers)
If terrorists get hold of … the dangers to commercial carriers.
U.S. isn’t key to the global economy --- its decoupled
Caryl 10 (Christian, Contributing Editor – Foreign Policy and Senior Fellow at the Center for International Studies – Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Crisis? What Crisis?”, Foreign Policy Magazine, 4-5, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/04/05/crisis_what_crisis?print=yes&hidecomments=yes&page=full)
So what's different this time … directly in the economy itself."
Heg will survive econ decline – also overall resilience
Ferguson 2009 – Laurence A. Tisch Professor at Harvard University and a member of the AI editorial board (Niall, The American Interest, Jan-Feb 09, “What “Chimerica” Hath Wrought”, http://www.the-american-interest.com/article.cfm?piece=533, WEA)
Yet commentators should hesitate before … politically disruptive to America’s rivals.
Overwhelming resilience takes out their impact—3 distinct warrants
Zakaria 2009 – PhD in political science from Harvard, editor of Newsweek International, former managing editor of Foreign Affairs (12/12, Fareed, Newsweek, “The Secrets of Stability”, http://www.newsweek.com/id/226425/page/2, WEA)
One year ago, the world … not seen since the 1930s.
Pundits whose bearishness had been vindicated predicted we were doomed to a long, painful bust, with cascading failures in sector after sector, country after country. In a widely cited essay that appeared in The Atlantic this May, Simon Johnson, former chief economist of the International Monetary Fund, wrote: "The conventional wisdom among the elite is still that the current slump 'cannot be as bad as the Great Depression.' This view is wrong. What we face now could, in fact, be worse than the Great Depression."
Others predicted that these economic shocks would lead to political instability and violence in the worst-hit countries. At his confirmation hearing in February, the new U.S. director of national intelligence, Adm. Dennis Blair, cautioned the Senate that "the financial crisis and global recession are likely to produce a wave of economic crises in emerging-market nations over the next year." Hillary Clinton endorsed this grim view. And she was hardly alone. Foreign Policy ran a cover story predicting serious unrest in several emerging markets.
Of one thing everyone was sure: nothing would ever be the same again. Not the financial industry, not capitalism, not globalization.
One year later, how much … have not materialized at all.
A key measure of fear and fragility is the ability of poor and unstable countries to borrow money on the debt markets. So consider this: the sovereign bonds of tottering Pakistan have returned 168 percent so far this year. All this doesn't add up to a recovery yet, but it does reflect a return to some level of normalcy. And that rebound has been so rapid that even the shrewdest observers remain puzzled. "The question I have at the back of my head is 'Is that it?' " says Charles Kaye, the co-head of Warburg Pincus. "We had this huge crisis, and now we're back to business as usual?"
This revival did not happen because markets managed to stabilize themselves on their own. Rather, governments, having learned the lessons of the Great Depression, were determined not to repeat the same mistakes once this crisis hit. By massively expanding state support for the through central banks and national treasuries—they buffered the worst of the damage. (Whether they made new mistakes in the process remains to be seen.) The extensive social safety nets that have been established across the industrialized world also cushioned the pain felt by many. Times are still tough, but things are nowhere near as bad as in the 1930s, when governments played a tiny role in national economies.
It's true that the massive state interventions of the past year may be fueling some new bubbles: the cheap cash and government guarantees provided to banks, companies, and consumers have fueled some irrational exuberance in stock and bond markets. Yet these rallies also demonstrate the return of confidence, and confidence is a very powerful economic force. When John Maynard Keynes described his own prescriptions for economic growth, he believed government action could provide only a temporary fix until the real motor of the economy started cranking again—the animal spirits of investors, consumers, and companies seeking risk and profit.
Beyond all this, though, I believe … more deeply connected global system.
Managers in Arkansas can work with suppliers in Beijing on a real-time basis. The production of almost every complex manufactured product now involves input from a dozen countries in a tight global supply chain. And the consequences of connectivity go well beyond economics. Women in rural India have learned through satellite television about the independence of women in more modern countries. Citizens in Iran have used cell phones and the Internet to connect to their well-wishers beyond their borders. Globalization today is fundamentally about knowledge being dispersed across our world.
This diffusion of knowledge may … . And they know the price.
No double dip-best economic forecasting proves
Brian O'Connell 12/8 (No Double-Dip Recession in 2012: Study, )
Analysts at UCLA say the U.S. … to generate faster growth in 2013."
***1AR cites***
stabiilty
Libya unstable now – militia fights
Karon 1/4 (Tony Karon, journalist, senior editor for Time.com, “In Post-Gaddafi Libya, Freedom is Messy—and Getting Messier,” 1/4/12)
“I fear this looks like a civil war”, one Libyan … that the NTC granted them 40% of its seats.
turns
aid isn’t governance aid
Peter Burnell 2k is Professor of Politics in the Department of Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick, UK. He is the author or editor of thirteen books, and has authored over 35 articles and many book chapters on democratisation, the political economy of foreign aid, and politics in Zambia. He is founding editor of the journal Democratization., Democracy Assistance: International Co-operation for Democratization 17-8
In principle democracy assistance can …* in the Development Assistance Committee's terms.
Burnell 11 Peter Burnell, Topic Guru and Professor @ University of Warwick "Lessons of Experience inInternational Democracy Support" Working Paper No. 2011/84 www.wider.unu.edu/publications/working-papers/2011/en_GB/wp2011-084/_files/86687158764241318/default/wp2011-084.pdf
Contemporary discourse is … compared to international development assistance and debt relief.
Assistance key to check foreign interference
Grygiel 11 (Jakub, Senior Fellow at the Center for European Policy Analysis and the George H.W. Bush Associate Professor of International Relations at Johns Hopkins-SAIS, October 3 , “Great Powers and Democracy Promotion”, http://www.cepa.org/ced/view.aspx?record_id=319)
Alas, reality is different. … geopolitical consequences of their actions.
pakistan
New Foreign Ops bill passed
USGLC, 12/21/’11
()
On December 17, Congress … expected to sign the package into law today or tomorrow.
That’s the cash for the plan
USGLC, 12/21/’11
()
Overseas Contingency … thereby freeing up additional funding under the base budget.
And the megabus funded several democracy assistance programs including flexible accounts that fund the plan---right before the payroll tax cut passed
USGLC 12-21 – U.S. Global Leadership Coalition, December 21, 2011, “International Affairs Budget Update,” online: http://www.usglc.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/USGLC-IAB-Budge-Update-12-21-11-FINAL.pdf
Months after the White House had …owed to the United States.
