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1. Substantial increase is 18% - context specific

Huber 8 (Daniela, MA in International Relations from the Free University of Berlin, Former Carlo Schmid Fellow at the United Nations Office for Project Services, “Democracy Assistance in the Middle East and North Africa: A Comparison of US and EU Policies,” Mediterranean Politics, 13:1, 43-62)

Whereas the much smaller HRDF programme follows a

AND

institutions, as is now evident in Iraq.

2. Total is 1 billion – aff has to increase by $180 million

Mitchell and Phillips 8 (Lincoln A., Arnold A. Saltzman Assistant Professor in the Practice of International

Politics at Columbia University’s School of International and Political Affairs, Chief of Party for the National

Democratic Institute (NDI) in Georgia, and David L., project director of the National Committee on American Foreign Policy and a visiting scholar at Columbia University’s Center for the Study of Human Rights. Former senior adviser to the US Department of State and the United Nations Secretariat. “Enhancing Democracy Assistance,” January 2008, The National Committee on American Foreign Policy, The Atlantic Council of the United States, http://acus.org/files/publication_pdfs/65/Enhancing%20Democracy%20Assistance.pdf)

In 2007, the US Government (USG

AND

to insure their rapid response to democratization opportunities.

3. “Democracy Assistance” is transfer of funds

Lappin 10 (Richard, Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven, visiting scholar at the Faculty of Political Sciences at the University of Belgrade, “What we talk about when we talk about Democracy Assistance: The Problem of Definition in Post-Conflict Approaches to Democratisation,” Central European Journal of International and Security Studies, Vol 4, Issue 1, 2010)

Democracy assistance can be most accurately defined as

AND

society groups, media groups and political parties.

Precision key in defining democracy assistance

Lappin 10 (Richard, Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven, visiting scholar at the Faculty of Political Sciences at the University of Belgrade, “What we talk about when we talk about Democracy Assistance: The Problem of Definition in Post-Conflict Approaches to Democratisation,” Central European Journal of International and Security Studies, Vol 4, Issue 1, 2010)

By the end of the 1990s, the

AND

and in practice, will ultimately be undermined.

Political capital is key to SKFTA --- solves the economy, trade leadership, and Korean war

WSJ 10 (Wall Street Journal, “A Korea-U.S. Trade Deal, At Last”, 12-6, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704767804576000542290721476.html)

The Korea pact is a step forward,

AND

the best interests of American businesses and workers.

Deal deters North Korean aggression

Gerwin 10 (Edward F., Senior Fellow for Trade and Global Economic Policy – Third Way, “5 Reasons America Needs Korea Free Trade Deal”, Wall Street Journal, 12-16, http://blogs.wsj.com/economics/2010/12/16/guest-contribution-5-reasons-america-needs-korea-free-trade-deal/)

5. China is Not a Fan.

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China and others in this vital Asian market.

So, while Fords and fillets are certainly important, the Korea FTA also includes other “beefy” benefits for American trade.

Korea war turns every impact and causes extinction

Hayes and Green 10 (Peter, Professor of International Relations – Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology and Director – Nautilus Institute, and Michael Hamel, Victoria University, “The Path Not Taken, the Way Still Open: Denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia”, Nautilus Institute Special Report, 1-5, http://www.nautil us.org/fora/security/10001HayesHamalGreen.pdf)

At worst, there is the possibility of

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that warrants priority consideration from the international community.

History proves it’ll pass

Ramsey 1-19 (Bruce, Editorial Columnist – Seattle Times, “Outdated Korean Labor Gripes Shouldn't Block Korea-U.S. Trade Pact”, Seattle Times, 2011, http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/opinion/2013969903_bruce19.html?pr mid=op_ed)

The trade agreement with South Korea is coming

AND

And on this issue they will be right.

EU CP

Solvency – 1NC

Text: The European Union should_ initiate an institutional dialogue between the government of Bahrain and opposition endorsing as a starting point for reform, agenda presented by the crown prince and accepted by Al-Wifaq, and support rights protections for opposition____________.

EU democracy assistance solves and avoids backlash

Hill, 11 (Steven, Writer at the Global Policy Institute, “The Arab Spring is an Opportunity...for Europe”, July 8, http://www.gpilondon.com/index.php?id=302)

The Arab Spring is a historic moment of

AND

Mideast power balance has tipped somewhat toward Iran.

EU solves Bahrain and boosts EU soft power – perceived as a credible actor

Fakhro, 9 (E. A., LLB from Queen Mary College, University of London, and is currently studying for an LLM in international human rights law at Harvard Law School,  “The European Union and Islam: Democracy Promotion in Bahrain and the Arab World”, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, http://www.idea.int/resources/analysis/upload/Fakhro_low_2.pdf)

This paper addresses the role of the EU

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term ally and  partner of the Arab world.

EU action in Bahrain restores EU-Iran relations and resolves the nuclear crisis

Afrasiabi, 11 (Kaveh L., PhD, is the author of After Khomeini: New Directions in Iran's Foreign Policy, “EU In A Bind over Bahrain”, April 15, http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/EU_In_A_Bind_over_Bahrain.htm)

The EU prides itself on a wealth of

AND

will grow

Counterplan boosts EU soft power

Martin, 11 (David, Scotland's senior Member of the European Parliament, “‘Soft Power’ Supporting Democracy – in Tanzania – and throughout the World”, June 14, http://www.blogmartinmep.eu/?p=94)

I believe that election observation and assistance goes

AND

foreign policy objectives, in particular peace building.

EU soft power key to prevent climate change

Rocabert, 10 (Jofre M., “International Climate Policy Post-Copenhagen: what role for the EU?”, May 4, http://www.thenewfederalist.eu/International-Climate-Policy-Post-Copenhagen-what-role-for-the-EU)

The United Nations Climate Change Conference held in

AND

won’t be much hope left for the climate.

Extinction

Tickell 8 (Oliver, Climate Researcher and Author – Kyoto2, “On a Planet 4C Hotter, All We Can Prepare For is Extinction”, The Guardian, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/aug/11/climatechange)

We need to get prepared for four degrees

AND

degenerated into a squabble over national emission rights.

EU democracy assistance builds influence and soft power in the Middle East

Fakhro, 9 (E. A., LLB from Queen Mary College, University of London, and is currently studying for an LLM in international human rights law at Harvard Law School,  “The European Union and Islam: Democracy Promotion in Bahrain and the Arab World”, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, http://www.idea.int/resources/analysis/upload/Fakhro_low_2.pdf)

At the policymaking level, the EU could

AND

term ally and partner of the Arab  world.

Increased EU soft power in the Middle East is key to resolve the peace process

Pawlak, 11 (Justyna, “EU struggles to win influence in Middle East”, August 8, Reuters, http://www.jordantimes.com/?news=40220)

BRUSSELS - The European Union is working to

AND

of the Centre for European Reform in London.

Failed peace process results in global nuclear war.

Primakov 9 (Yevgeny, President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry – Russian Federation, Member – Russian Academy of Science, “The Middle East Problem in the Context of International Relations”, Russia in Global Affairs, 3, July/September, http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/n_13593)

The Middle East conflict is unparalleled in terms

AND

does not completely rule out such a possibility.

Security is a social construct. Framing immigration as an objective matter of security performs a violent construction of identity and ignores our own role in provoking aggression

Shepherd 8 (Laura, Lecturer in International Relations – University of Birmingham, UK and Jutta Weldes, Senior Lecturer in International Relations – University of Bristol, “Security: The State (of) Being Free From Danger?”, Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace, 3(6), p. 531-535)

Immigration provides a further example of the complexity

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organizational matrix of the ‘international’ system.21

Disorder and insecurity are inevitable. Attempting to control danger is the impetus for global destruction

Der Derian 98 (James, Professor of Political Science – University of Massachusetts, On Security, Ed. Lipschutz, p. 24-25)

No other concept in international relations packs the

AND

, and identities calcifying into a fearful sameness.

Vote Neg to reject the dominant framing of security. This critical praxis is a prerequisite to effective policy solutions

Bruce 96 (Robert, Associate Professor in Social Science – Curtin University and Graeme Cheeseman, Senior Lecturer – University of New South Wales, Discourses of Danger and Dread Frontiers, p. 5-9)

This goal is pursued in ways which are

AND

choose not to understand them, and why?

GSU ROUND 3 – 1nc
Democracy Assistance is assistance conditioned on democratic reforms
Collier 94 (Ellen C., Specialist in U.S. Foreign Policy Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, “Democracy Building: The Foreign Policy Budget Request, Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, 4-12-94, http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PCAAA490.pdf)  

Another issue is which countries to assist in
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, this was a major reason.' 7 

Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood wants control of the country during the post-Mubarak era, but division is costing them political leverage
Nelson 11 (Soraya Sarhadii, “Rifts Develop In Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood”, NPR, July 13, http://www.npr.org/2011/07/13/137790425/rifts-develop-in-egypts-muslim-brotherhood)

In Egypt, theonce-bannedMuslim Brotherhood is
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run in parliamentary elections being planned for September.

US assistance to Egypt unites the brotherhood and brings them political victory

Meir-Levi 11 (David, “Obama, Al-Qaeda, and the Muslim Brotherhood”, Assyrian International News Agency, 8-1-2011, http://www.aina.org/news/20110801102431.htm)

Elliot Abrams, a deputy national security adviser
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-awaited goal: "Islam uber Alles."

MB takeover risks Iran prolif, terrorism, oil disruption, Egypt/Israel Conflict, and Middle East Instability
Choksy 11 (Jamsheed K., professor of Iranian, Central Eurasian, international, and Islamic studies and former director of the Middle Eastern Studies Program at Indiana University. He also is a member of the National Council on the Humanities at the U.S. National Endowment for the Humanities. The views expressed are his own., “An Iranian Shadow on Arab Spring”, February 26, 2011, Real Clear World, http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2011/02/26/an_iranian_shadow_on_the_arab_spring.html)

Events inLibya, Tunisia, Egypt and the
AND
and fairly elected governments based on secular politics.
After all, true stability is not the result of a choice between democracy and security but the affirming and sustaining of both.

Global nuclear war

Steinbach 2 (John, Center for Research on Globalization, 3-3, http://www.globalresearch.ca/articles/STE203A.html)

Meanwhile, the existence of an arsenal of
AND
could trigger a world conflagration." (44)

Status quo solves
Peters 11 (Anne Mariel, assistant professor in the department of government at Wesleyan University, “Why Obama shouldn't increase democracy aid to Egypt,” Foreign Policy, 2-14, http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/02/14/why_obama_shouldn_t_increase_democracy_aid_to_egypt)

The United States should promote democracy in Egypt
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little that democracy and governance funding can do.

Democracy aid fails
Peters 11 (Anne Mariel, assistant professor in the department of government at Wesleyan University, “Why Obama shouldn't increase democracy aid to Egypt,” Foreign Policy, 2-14, http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/02/14/why_obama_shouldn_t_increase_democracy_aid_to_egypt)

Returning to the big picture, the most
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" will not mean more democracy in Egypt.
US will pick winners
Cook 11 (Steven A. - Hasib J. Sabbagh senior fellow for Middle Eastern studies at the Council on Foreign Relations, America Shouldn’t Hijack Egypt’s Revolution, Foreign Policy, 3-9, p. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/03/09/america_shouldnt_hijack_egypts_revolution)

Even if Washington pledges its total neutrality in
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" about the Muslim Brotherhood's democratic bona fides.

That destroys democracy
Carothers 11 (Thomas, vice president for studies at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, “How Not To Promote Democracy In Egypt,” Washington Post, 2-24, http://carnegieendowment.org/2011/02/24/how-not-to-promote-democracy-in-egypt/156)

As the U.S. government assesses
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or parties during the various elections since 2005. 

Evaluate consequences – allowing violence for the sake of moral purity is evil

Isaac 2 (Jeffrey C., Professor of Political Science – Indiana-Bloomington, Director – Center for the Study of Democracy and Public Life, Ph.D. – Yale, Dissent Magazine, 49(2), “Ends, Means, and Politics”, Spring, Proquest)

As writers such as Niccolo Machiavelli, Max
AND
promotes arrogance. And it undermines political effectiveness.
Utility maximizes value to life and precludes zeroing anyone out
Dworkin 77 (Ronald, Professor of Law and Philosophy – New York University, Taking Rights Seriously, p. 274-275)
Utilitarian arguments of policy, however, would
AND
less worthy of respect, than any other.

Pluralism is dangerous – it sets up ideals to incorporate all of humanity and annihilates political distinctions creating reformations of the other that makes them easier to eliminate
Rasch, 2004, Professor of Germanic Studies at Indiana University [William, Sovereignty and its Discontents, on the primacy of Conflict and the Structure of the political, 32-33]

In Schmitt’s view, then, the sovereignty
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to the most extreme inhumanity’ (Schmitt, 1976, p 54).11

And this danger is worse because its embedded within a hierarchichizing of democratic ideals assuming that democracy can just be exported that escalates violence and furthers otherization for those who still refuse to join us
Hobson 9
(Christopher, Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Department of International Politics, Aberystwyth University, Alternatives 34, “The Limits of Liberal-Democracy Promotion,” p. 393-397, ebsco)

There are serious shortcomings and difficulties in the
AND
than those still seeking to make this transition.

And the problem is one of power – politics folds the other into itself for its own sake creating new judgements and new anihilations – the alternative isnt to repeat the same liberal inclusionism that anyone politician can call for but to directly mess with the circuits of power
Symons, 2006, works for the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research and the University of Leuven [Stephane, “Deleuze and the Various Faces of the Outside”, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Project Muse]

II.
2. In what follows
AND
in the name of universal values and laws. 

The alternative is to refuse to adopt the affirmative and disrupt instead the stories that make empire possible
Dabashi, 2011 (Hamid, Professor of Iranian Studies at Columbia, “Brown Skin White Mask”, pgs 63-4)

EMPIRES DO NOT LAST
If empires were permanent,
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end. Then he can tell Alan Dershowitz.

____Allows tiny affs – like holding a conference or shunning a country

GAO 6 (United States Government Accountability Office, “U.S. Democracy Assistance for Cuba Needs Better Management and Oversight,” Report to Congressional Requesters, GAO-07-147, http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d07147.pdf) 

Dissidents we interviewed in Cuba said that they

AND

substantial assistance in 2005 (see table 5).

___Makes ending terrorism designation topical – guts neg ground

Stahn and van Hüllen 7 (Andreas, Research Associate with the Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) 700 and Vera, CDDRL Visiting Scholar at Stanford University, Research Associate at the Center for European Integration Otto Suhr Institute of Political Science, “Different actors, different tools?:Approaching EU and US democracy promotion in the Mediterranean and the Newly Independent States,” Free University Berlin, Paper prepared for the European Union Studies Association (EUSA) Tenth Biennial International Conference, May 17-19, 2007, Montreal, Canada, http://aei.pitt.edu/7911/1/hullen-v-03e.pdf)

The US might has a much longer history

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for cooperation on political and economic issues. 27

___Limits outweigh – they’re the vital access point for any theory impact – its key to fairness – huge research burdens mean we can’t prepare to compete – and its key to education – big topics cause hyper-generics, lack of clash, and shallow debate – and it destroys participation

Rowland 84 (Robert C., Debate Coach – Baylor University, “Topic Selection in Debate”, American Forensics in Perspective, Ed. Parson, p. 53-54)

The first major problem identified by the work

AND

led some small schools to cancel their programs.

__Precision key in defining democracy assistance

Lappin 10 (Richard, Centre for Peace Research and Strategic Studies at the University of Leuven, visiting scholar at the Faculty of Political Sciences at the University of Belgrade, “What we talk about when we talk about Democracy Assistance: The Problem of Definition in Post-Conflict Approaches to Democratisation,” Central European Journal of International and Security Studies, Vol 4, Issue 1, 2010)

By the end of the 1990s, the

AND

and in practice, will ultimately be undermined. 

Our impacts outweigh theirs…

-- Precise limits outweigh ground – even if ground loss is minimal, applying exacting standards is necessary to deter worse violators

Ehrlich and Posner 74 (Issac, Assistant Professor of Business Economics, University of Chicago, and Richard A., Professor of Law, University of Chicago, “An Economic Analysis of Legal Rulemaking,” : The Journal of Legal Studies, Vol. 3, No. 1 (Jan., 1974), pp. 257-286)

It does this by increasing the (subjective

AND

elimination of risk discourages both kinds of investment.

No double solvency – joint action is ineffective and poorly coordinated

Wittes, 4 (Tamara Cofman, Research Fellow in the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the

Brookings Institution, “Promoting Democracy in the Arab World: The Challenge of Joint Action”, http://www.brookings.edu/views/articles/fellows/wittes20041231.pdf)

The above points on liberals and Islamists are

AND

European investments in democracy programs in the region.

More evidence – no coordination results in redundancy

GMF, 11 (German Marshall Fund, “Europe's Response to the Arab Spring”, June 9, http://www.gmfus.org/events/event_view?event.id=1409)

The conversation ended on the U.S

AND

contribution of external actors to the transatlantic response.

No double solvency – joint action is ineffective and poorly coordinated

Wittes, 4 (Tamara Cofman, Research Fellow in the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the

Brookings Institution, “Promoting Democracy in the Arab World: The Challenge of Joint Action”, http://www.brookings.edu/views/articles/fellows/wittes20041231.pdf)

The above points on liberals and Islamists are

AND

European investments in democracy programs in the region.

More evidence – no coordination results in redundancy

GMF, 11 (German Marshall Fund, “Europe's Response to the Arab Spring”, June 9, http://www.gmfus.org/events/event_view?event.id=1409)

The conversation ended on the U.S

AND

contribution of external actors to the transatlantic response.

Education – it teaches foreign policy. International politics are crucial in a globalized world

Dauenhauer 96 (Bernard P., Professor of Philosophy – University of Georgia, Citizenship in a Fragile World, p. 195)

In the past, the citizen's sphere of

AND

been substantially narrowed, if not completely closed.

US Assistance to MENA is conditional

Stahn and van Hüllen 7 (Andreas, Research Associate with the Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) 700 and Vera, CDDRL Visiting Scholar at Stanford University, Research Associate at the Center for European Integration Otto Suhr Institute of Political Science, “Different actors, different tools?:Approaching EU and US democracy promotion in the Mediterranean and the Newly Independent States,” Free University Berlin, Paper prepared for the European Union Studies Association (EUSA) Tenth Biennial International Conference, May 17-19, 2007, Montreal, Canada, http://aei.pitt.edu/7911/1/hullen-v-03e.pdf)

In contrast to the EU, the US

AND

received support in 2006 under the Threshold Program.

No link - funding wouldn’t be deficit spending – it would tradeoff from other areas

Behr, 11 (Timo, Researcher at the Finnish Institute of International Affairs, “Europe and the Arab World: Towards a Principled Partnership”, Center for Applied Policy Research, No. 2 · March 2011, http://www.cap.lmu.de/download/2011/CAPerspectives-2011-02.pdf)

To start with, the EU will have

AND

the UfM as an alternatives channel of assistance.

European economy resilient

The Economist, 10 (“Little triggers: Recovery has been surprisingly strong but is now threatened by the euro crisis”, December 9, http://www.economist.com/node/17675950

THE euro area is under siege. Two

AND

to tackle its budget deficit will not last.

Even if their intent is to desecuritize democracy – their discourse of national security depoliticizes the structural-representational questions that generate violence

Case 6 (C.A.S.E. Collective, “Critical Approaches to Security in Europe: A Networked Manifesto”, Security Dialogue, 37(4), p. 460)

Nowadays, matters of ‘peace and security’

AND

most difficult to handle (Huysmans, 1998a).  

Authoritarianism inevitable –opposition voices have been silenced and the king has locked in his authority

Black, 8/8 (Ian, “Bahrain's prospects for democracy look bleak, as divisions deepen”, http://www.uruknet.info/?new=80346)

The drama peaked in mid-March when

AND

world's longest serving prime minister – since 1971.

More evidence – Bahrain is extremely polarized – dialogue fails

Washington Post, 9/9 (“Bahrain needs U.S. attention now”, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/bahrain-needs-us-attention-now/2011/09/09/gIQAjoH9FK_story.html)

Rather than moving toward reconciliation, Bahrain is

AND

could spread to Saudi Arabia and even Iraq.

Can’t solve – groups refuse dialogue

Stahnke, 9/16 (Tad, Director of policy and programs at Human Rights First, “Bahrain’s progress — or not”, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/bahrains-progress--or-not/2011/09/13/gIQAYyKcYK_story.html)

The decision of opposition groups to remove themselves

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who would rather settle disputes in the streets.