George Washington » GWU Alex Tan and Blake Andrews Affirmative

GWU Alex Tan and Blake Andrews Affirmative

Last modified by Administrator on 2012/10/17 22:26
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  • Rutgers

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:


    • Tolerance Advantage: 

      Copt’s are persecuted in Egypt and failure to solve threatens the multicultural make-up of the ME

      Shea 11 (Nina, An international human-rights lawyer for over thirty years, Hudson Institute as a Senior Fellow in November 2006, she directs the Center for Religious Freedom. “Egypt’s Copts: Will the Region’s Largest Non-Muslim Religious Community Simply Disappear?” June 10, 2011, http://www.tnr.com/article/world/89737/egypt-coptic-christians-muslim-brotherhood-arabs-islam?page=0,0) KJS

      In July 2008, Bishop Thomas AND before it's too late. 

      Egypt is the model for religious tolererance in the Middle East. Religious violence is escalating and will spill over

      Bandow 11 (Doug, Senior Fellow at the Cato Institute and the Senior Fellow in International Religious Persecution at the Institute on Religion and Public Policy, “Revolution No Boon to the Copts,” September 5, 2011, http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=13637) KJS 

      As of June, 24 Christians AND go the rest of the Middle East.

      First: Violence against Coptic Christians is genocide

      Human Rights Blog 11 (“Ramifications of Deadly and Targeted Attacks against Coptic and Iraqi Christians felt world wide,” 1/4/11. http://www.thehumanrightsblog.com/?cat=204) KJS

      Earlier this week, former AND future genocidal campaign.

      We have a moral obligation to stop genocide. Failure to do so erodes the anti-genocide regime

      Beardsley 8 (Major Beardsley is a staff officer in the Lessons Learned Cell at the Canadian Forces Leadership Institute in Kingston. He was awarded the Meritorious Service Cross for his gallant actions during the Rwandan genocide. “Humanitarian Intervention,” 7/14, http://www.journal.dnd.ca/vo6/no2/human-humain-eng.asp) KJS

      The first lesson here is AND within the law, to stop it.

      Second: Sectarian wars go global

      Nasr 11 (Vali Nasr is professor at Tufts University, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution and the author of “The Shia Revival: How Conflicts Within Islam Will Shape the Future.” “If the Arab Spring Turns Ugly,” August 27, 2011. New York Times op-ed, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/28/opinion/sunday/the-dangers-lurking-in-the-arab-spring.html?pagewanted=1&_r=3&hp) KJS

      Sectarianism is an old wound AND region and the world.

      The Middle East is on the brink of a nuclear war

      Blake 11 (Heidi Blake, WikiLeaks: tension in the Middle East and Asia has 'direct potential' to lead to nuclear war, The Telegraph, Feb 2, 2011, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/wikileaks/8298427/WikiLeaks-tension-in-the-Middle-East-and-Asia-has-direct-potential-to-lead-to-nuclear-war.html)

      Tension in the Middle East AND absorbed through the skin. 

      Third: Continued instability will collapse Egyptian economy

       

      Egyptian News, 11 (Egypt.com, “Continued Strikes Threaten Egypt,” July 12, 2011, http://news.egypt.com/english/permalink/20376.html) KJS

      Continued strikes in Cairo's AND other economic sectors. 

      Egypt’s economy is key to global economic recovery

       

      Schuman 11 (Michael, TIME Magazine, 2/2, “Does the turmoil in Egypt threaten the global recovery?”  http://curiouscapitalist.blogs.time.com/2011/02/02/does-the-turmoil-in-egypt-threaten-the-global-recovery/#ixzz1TT6k4O6d) 

      At first glance, the upheaval AND such an unwelcome surprise.

      Economic recovery key to prevent nuclear World War III

       

      O'Donnell 9 (Sean, writer and Marine Corps Reserve squad leader, Feb 26, http://www.examiner.com/x- 3108-Baltimore-Republican- Examinery2009m2d26-Will-this- recession-lead-to-World-War- III)

      Could the current economic crisis AND sometimes history repeats itself. 

      CSOs cooperation increases religious tolerance

      Gonzales 11 (Dr. Melinda Negrón-Gonzales is lecturer of Politics and Society at the University of New Hampshire at Manchester, “Building Civil Society after the Arab Spring: Lessons from Turkey,” summer 2011, http://encompassingcrescent.com/2011/05/building-civil-society-after-the-arab-spring-lessons-from-turkey/) KJS

      Turkey's experience with democratization AND cpmfodemce-building measures to build trust. 

      No condition is more important for a successful transition that coalition building.  History proves a unified civil society is the best hope for peace and stability in Egypt
       Diamond, 11 (Transition Traps, How Egypt can avoid the most dangerous pitfalls on the way to becoming a democracy,.February 16, 2011 Larry Diamond is a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution and director of Stanford’s Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law.) KJS

      Prior to all of this AND parternship with the United States. 

      Biodiversity Advantage: 

      The development of a strong civil society is essential to push the government for the protection of ecosystems and  biodiversity in Egypt

      Daily News 10 (Egyptian Newspaper, “Egypt’s First Carbon Zero Event: World environment celebrates biodiversity,” 6/7/10, http://www.thedailynewsegypt.com/environment/egypts-first-carbon-zero-event-world-environment-day-celebrates-biodiversity.html) KJS

      It remains to be seen AND commented Leach. 

      A strong civil society is required to influence policymakers and ensure protection of unique environments and biodiversity  

       Al-Jayyousi 11 (Dr. Odeh, researcher for International Union for Conservation of Nature, 7/12/11, “The Arab Spring and Green Activism in the Middle East,” http://iucn.org/knowledge/news/focus/from_beirut_to_bahrain/opinion/?7875/The-Arab-Spring-and-Green-Activism-in-the-Middle-East) KJS

      The key role for a green movement AND protects humans and nature. 

       Egyptian ecosystems are both uniquely fragile and among the most  important vehicles of biodivesity in the world

      MSEA no date (Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, “Biodiversity in Egypt,” http://www.eeaa.gov.eg/english/main/protect_bio.asp) KJS

      Egypt lies at the northeast corner AND especially important. 

      Mangroves are the foundation of species—biggest internal link to extinction

      Hansen 10 (Dennis, Stanford University, “The Loss of Species: Mangrove Extinction Risk and Geographic Areas of Global Concern,” April 8, 2010, Study by the  IUCN Species Programme/SSC/Conservation International Global Marine Species Assessment

      http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0010095) KJS

      Mangrove species are uniquely adapted AND total land area. 

      Biodiversity loss extirpates ecosystems - causes extinction

      Young, PhD coastal marine ecology, 10 [Ruth, “Biodiversity: what it is and why it’s important”, February 9th, http://www.talkingnature.com/2010/02/biodiversity/biodiversity-what-and-why/]

      Different species within ecosystems AND maintans this service.

      Specifically, fungi is critical to life on earth and now is the key time to support CSO preservation efforts 

      Abdel-Azeem 11 (Ahmed, PhD and writer for EarthSky environmental news site, “What Will be  the Fate of the World’s Fungi, 8/21/11,

      http://earthsky.org/biodiversity/what-will-be-the-fate-of-the-worlds-fungi) KJS

      Fungi are critical to life AND Let's keep our fingers crossed.

      CSO consensus and coalition building is critical to the protection of ecosystems and biodiversity in Egypt

      MSE 98 (Ministry of State for the Environment, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, “Egypt: National Strategy and Action plan for the conservation of biodiversity,” January 98, http://www.egbch.com/strategy.pdf) KJS

      Success in the effective AND conservation of natural resources.

      Plan:  The United States Federal Government will take necessary steps to substantially increase consensus and coalition building technical training to Egyptian civil society organizations.

      Solvency

      An overwhelming majority of CSOs have identified technical assistance as needed to increase CSO effectiveness and promote new civil networks and synergies  
      Brookings 11 (On Thursday March 24, the Brookings Institution, the International Youth Foundation, and the Egyptian NGO Nawill hdet El Mahrousa co-hosted a roundtable entitled “A Multi-Stakeholder Approach to Egypt’s Development: The Role of Civil Society and the Way Forward.” The participants represented a wide variety of sectors including think tanks, universities, Egyptian civil society organizations (CSOs), U.S. based international NGOs, U.S. government, donors, and U.S. based philanthropic foundations and social investment funds. The roundtable was convened to create a clear roadmap of support for Egyptian civil society which will be filling a vital role in the country’s political and economic development in post-Mubarak Egypt) KJS
      Coordinate: Support coordination efforts among Egyptian CSOs: An overwhelming majority of respondents cited the need for better networking and coalition building among CSOs. More
      ………….

      themselves from human rights groups, but now these actors have the opportunity to create linkages and achieve greater synergies and impact. 

      Technical assistance for consensus and coalition building promotes a culture of collaboration, invigorates a sustainable civil society, and would attract CSOs that would otherwise decline US assistance
      Brookings 11 (Global Economy and Development, How Can the U.S. and International Finance Institutions Best Engage Egypt’s Civil Society? Ehaab Abdou, Co-founder, Nahdet El Mahrousa & the Federation of Egyptian Youth NGOs Noha Hussein, Dire ctor, Education Programs,Save the Children, Washington DC Mona Atia, Assistant Professor, Geography and InternationalAffairs, George Washington University, Homi Kharas, Deputy Director and Senior Fellow, Global Economy and Development, Brookings Institution, Amira Maaty
      Program Officer, Middle East and North Africa (MENA), National Endowment for Democracy) KJS

      A survey of 50 leading Egyptian CSOs conducted post-revolution suggests how donors can help invigorate a sustainable Egyptian civil society: First, donors can promote a culture of collaboration
      …………
       be partly achieved through donors utilizing funding mechanisms that encourage, emphasize and incentivize collaborative programs and joint proposals between local CSOs.

      Coalition building promotes a more inclusive growth process by giving voice to traditionally disempowered communities
      Brookings Institute Roundtable 11 (Official summary of the Global Economy and Development Roundtable on The Role of Civil Society and the Way Forward in Egypt, March 24, 2011, http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/events/2011/0324_egypt_development/0324_egypt_roundtable_recommendations_post_event_page.pdf) KJS
      It is high time for donors to develop a more inclusive process by actively engaging Egypt’s civil society, a sector that has long been neglected and restricted from domestic decision-making and oversight. CSOs play a critical role in Egypt’s development. Given the opportunity and proper
      …………
      enforcing accountability and reducing the scope for corruption across all sectors of society.

      Consensus building is the most important factor in the development of an effective civil society
      Poskitt / DuFranc ,11 (Civil Society Organisations in Situations of Conflict, Adele Poskitt & Mathilde DuFranc, April 2011, http://www.civicus.org/view/media/cso_conflict_complete_report.pdf) KJS
      It is very difficult for CSOs to address this challenge to their legitimacy in a hostile conflict-ridden
      …………
      mutual learning and the sharing of knowledge. During a period of conflict, the increase in competition for funds among CSOs often overtakes the desire to work in coalition with others.

      Plan avoids the perception the US is trying to engineer Egyptian affairs to exclude disfavored groups.
      Strasser 11 (Can USAID Be a Force for Good In Egypt?, Max Strasser, July 22, 2011, http://www.thenation.com/article/162239/can-usaid-be-force-good-egypt)
       As USAID and its American NGO partners proceed with their democracy and governance programming in the run-up to the first legitimate elections in most Egyptians’ lifetimes, they
      ………
      elections,” McInerney says. Support must be provided to “the system,” rather than any individual actors.



12/05/11
  • If We Build It They Will Come

    • Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:

    • Contention One: The Framework

       

      Over the last 40 years, debaters have caused literally millions of nuclear wars and extinction events. Trade policy? We’re all going to die.  Prison reform?  All dead.  Investment in basic scientific research?  We’re all going to die, probably by robots.

       

      The problem was that debate rounds came to be judged by the Cheney Doctrine

      Suskind 7

      [Ron Suskind, “The One Percent Doctrine: Deep Inside America’s Pursuit of Its Enemies Since 9/11” (Simon & Schuster, May 15, 2007, p. 62)]:

       

      The Cheney Doctrine. Even if there’s just

      AND

      low that the word itself almost didn’t apply.

       

      Debate became the one-millionth of a percent doctrine. Events of extreme horror, however absurdly unlikely – won the day.

       

      Eventually, some revolted. Many participants took a hard turn toward the outer reaches of the academic spectrum.  Debate became about Marxian ontology and Lacanian analysis.  This philosophical onanism was equally irrelevant to real-world policy making.

      McClean 1

       

      [David McClean, philosopher w/ PhD, 2001, “The Cultural Left and the Limits of Social Hope,” presented at the 2001 Annual Conference of the Society for the Advancement of American Philosophy, online at http://www.american-philosophy.org/archives/past_conference_programs/pc2001/Discussion%20papers/david_mcclean.htm]

       

      There is a lot of philosophical prose on

      AND

      inauthentic" state into something called "reality."

       

       

      Both of these approaches fail to allow interscholastic debate to be a microcosm of the actual policy world. The avid pursuit of utter nonsense is not just a waste of time, it is counterproductive.

      Ham 11

      [Shane Ham, a former policy analyst at the Progressive Policy Institute and now an attorney with Osborn Maledon, September 28, 2011, interviewed by Kevin Bertram, former CEO of Distributive Networks and former Senate staffer, http://www.zinterviews.com, interviewed by Kevin Bertram, former CEO of Distributive Networks, former Senate staffer, and former policy debater at GWU and UDC-CC]

       

      It would be one thing if the gamesmanship

      AND

      to the success of a modern democratic society.

       

      For this round we advocate a difference framework that honors its academic nature but would not make us the objects of mockery and dismay in any classroom or legislature.  One that acknowledges ethics but would be comprehensible and relevant to a policy maker.  We will explore the question: Would it be a good idea or a bad idea to implement this plan in the real world?

       

      Thus, the plan:

      The United States Federal Government should conduct a non-profit transfer of funds, expertise, and material to foster a leadership exchange program for Tunisia.

      Contention Two: The Way Things Are

      Islamophobia is the worst in the US

      Martin 10 (Dick, PR Expert, author of three books about American image abroad, “Americans on Muslims,” August 5, 2010, http://brandrepair.typepad.com/brand_repair_shop/public_diplomacy/) KJS

      The Gallup World Religion Survey, just out

      AND

      eight million Muslims in the U.S.

       

      Middle Eastern Muslims also have misperceptions of the West

      CNN 11 (Joe Sterling, “Pew Survey: Western, Muslim tensions persist, but there's a tiny thaw,” 7/21/11, http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2011/07/21/western-muslim-tensions-persist-but-theres-a-tiny-thaw/) KJS

      Westerners and Muslims continue to harbor negative attitudes

      AND

      and other Western nations as an undisputed fact.

       

      The US exceptionalist foreign policy created culture wars with the middle east and distorted the views of policymakers

      Ezell 10 (Darrell, PHD candidate at University of Birmingham in American and Religion Studies, “Diplomacy and US-Muslim Relations,” February 2010, http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/1035/1/ezell_10_PhD.pdf) KJS

      In this respectwhat could have been

      AND

      fundamentalism shaped the Bush administration’s foreign policy agenda.

       

      This corrupt foreign policy creates conflict in two ways

       

      1. It cultures the perception of a clash of civilizations and creates incentives for pre-emptive wars

      Ezell 10 (Darrell, PHD candidate at University of Birmingham in American and Religion Studies, “Diplomacy and US-Muslim Relations,” February 2010, http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/1035/1/ezell_10_PhD.pdf) KJS

      Though confrontationalism did not start with the Bush

      AND

      communal, social, political and economic relations.

       

       

      2. Misunderstanding of the causes of Middle Eastern wars create more violent military action

      Ezell 10 (Darrell, PHD candidate at University of Birmingham in American and Religion Studies, “Diplomacy and US-Muslim Relations,” February 2010, http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/1035/1/ezell_10_PhD.pdf) KJS

      Or, if we acknowledge Lawrence Davidson’s position

      AND

      involved in re-Islamising the Muslim world.

       

       

       

      *We must do our best to reject the blantanantly racist and flawed view of Islamophobia–the alternative is genocide.

      Munjid, 2011 (3/27, Achmad, president of the Nahdlatul Ulama community in North America, “Overcoming Islamophobia in the United States”

      Remember, as institutionalized hatredIslamophobia has

      AND

      enemy. Everybody knows what the consequences are

       

      Racism justifies all other forms of violence. It must be rejected in every instance

      Memmi 2k (MEMMI Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ Unv. Of Paris Albert-; RACISM, translated by Steve Martinot, pp.163-165)

      The struggle against racism will be long

      AND

      a wager, but the stakes are irresistible.

       

       

      Contention Three: Solvency

      Tunisia’s Ennabda party will shape how the US views Islam and democracy

      Shkolnik 12/10/11 (Michael, Security and Defense officer for the UN in Canada, “Tunisia’s Renaissance,” Dec 10, 2011, http://www.unac.org/en/news_events/statements/20111210-TunisiaRenaissance.pdf) KJS

      “We are in the sixth caliphate,

      AND

      the future composition of the new Middle East.

       

      Now is the key time to connect with Tunisia—they seek a new foreign policy

      Willis 11 (Michael J., fellow at Oxford University in Middle Eastern Studies, professor of politics at Al Akhawyan University in Morocco. “Tunisia: The Trailblazer and the Benchmark,” October 2011, http://cmec.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/CMEC-Arab-Spring.pdf) KJS

      The revolution has already transformed the country in

      AND

      this pattern and diversify the country’s foreign relationships.

       

       

      The Arab Spring shifted Western perception, but failure in Tunisia could turn the tide

      Khalidi 11 (Rashid, Professor of Arab Studies at Colombia University, “The Arab Spring, March 21, 2011, http://www.thenation.com/article/158991/arab-spring) KJS

      Suddenly, to be an Arab has become

      AND

      , Morocco, Oman, Iraq and elsewhere.

       

       

      The citizen diplomacy that comes out of leadership exchanges fundamentally alters our understanding of the Muslim world and our own selves

      Hudome and Grand 10, (Randa and Stephen, President of Fahmy Hudome International / Director, Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World @ The Brookings Institute, Developing Partnerships with Predominantly Muslim Nations, November 16, 2010)

      In comparison with many other regions of the

      AND

      exchange program return with their perspectives fundamentally altered.

       

      These leadership exchange programs solve Islamaphobia

      Hudome and Grand 10, (Randa and Stephen, President of Fahmy Hudome International / Director, Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World @ The Brookings Institute, Developing Partnerships with Predominantly Muslim Nations, November 16, 2010)

      One of the most important strategic challenges facing

      AND

      predominantly Muslim societies may be the most vital.

       

       

      Creating people-to-people diplomacy will improve the US relationship with Muslim societies

      Ezell 10 (Darrell, PHD candidate at University of Birmingham in American and Religion Studies, “Diplomacy and US-Muslim Relations,” February 2010, http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/1035/1/ezell_10_PhD.pdf) KJS

      It seemed that in 2001 the Bush administration

      AND

      displaying an unreasonable level of scepticism towards it.

       

      This kind of person-to-person engagement can create a more peaceful world and strengthen relations

      Layalina ‘10 (Layalina Review, November 18, 2010, http://www.layalina.tv/Publications/Review/PR_VI.23/article7.html)

      While in the UAE, [Undersecretary of

      AND

      path to a more peaceful and prosperous future.”

       

      Our perception of other cultures are influenced by our experiences. Person-to-person engagement can alter these perceptions and create a new relationship

      Ezell 10 (Darrell, PHD candidate at University of Birmingham in American and Religion Studies, “Diplomacy and US-Muslim Relations,” February 2010, http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/1035/1/ezell_10_PhD.pdf) KJS

      Based on our findings, it is clear

      AND

      the familiar and ‘filling’ with the new.

       




01/23/12

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