| 1 |
-
Cap K
- Tournament: Sample Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: | Judge:
<p>Missions for “democracy assistance” only serve to further neoliberal capitalist agendas in the region… monopolizing knowledge production and extending the imperial reach<br class="lineBreak">Dixon 11 <br class="lineBreak">doctoral candidate, Department of Development Sociology, Cornell University<br class="lineBreak">Marion, Review of African Political Economy, "An Arab Spring,” 2011 ,<br class="lineBreak">The ‘imperial reach’ ... rooted in social and economic justice.</p><p>The affirmatives impact scenarios are only true if we accept the logic of capitalism. Their claims are epistemologically suspect and only prove the hegemony of capitalist thought. <br class="lineBreak">Zizek 97 <br class="lineBreak">(Slavoj, “Multiculturalism, or, the cultural logic of multinational capitalism,” New Left Review # 224 p. 34-35)<br class="lineBreak">So, back to the recent Labour ... doing X, Y effectively ensues.</p><p>This drive to accumulate is the root cause of exploitation, imperialism, war and eco-doom – threatens our extinction<br class="lineBreak">Foster 2007<br class="lineBreak">John Bellamy Foster, University of Oregon, “The Ecology of Destruction,” MONTHLY REVIEW, February 2007, www.monthlyreview.org/0207jbf.htm, accessed 3-27-08.<br class="lineBreak">My intention here is ... encompassing the planet as a whole.3</p><p>THE ALTERNATIVE IS TO COMPLETELY WITHDRAW FROM THE IDEOLOGY OF CAPITAL</p><p>This act is essential to destroy the fetish that allows capital to exist – the alternative stops belief in this system which collapses its ability to steer our existence<br class="lineBreak">Johnston in 4 <br class="lineBreak">(Adrian, interdisciplinary research fellow in psychoanalysis at Emory University Psychoanalysis, Culture & Society, December v9 i3 p259 page infotrac)<br class="lineBreak">Perhaps the absence of a ... ("Capitalist commodity fetishism or the truth? I choose fetishism"). </p>
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| 09/16/11 |
| 2 |
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Spanos K
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
The affirmative’s glorification of us action in the face of unending atrocity takes the rhetorical form as a jeremiad. Just as the puritans recorded their benevolent treatment of natives only to justify atrocity towards those who resist, the us will use the plan as a justification for colonial gain
SPANOS 2008 [William V, Professor at Binghamton, American Exceptionalism in the Age of Globalization: The Specter of Vietnam, SUNY Press 2008, 207-209] Daniel Webster's Bunker Hill ... Battle of Bunker Hill accomplished. Specifically, us democratic assistance is done to sustain the imperial global reach of the us. Creating more democratic states improves our oil interests and allows us to manipulate governments in our favor.
Mohamad G. Alkadry, West Virginia University 2002. RECITING COLONIAL SCRIPTS: COLONIALISM, GLOBALIZATION AND DEMOCRACY IN THE DECOLONIZED MIDDLE EAST. Found in Administrative Theory & Praxis Vol. 24, No. 4, 2002: 739–762 P 750-752 The foreign aid ... even after achieving national independence Vietnam ruptured the american national identity - we occupied a world that resisted the spontaneous consent to the “truth” of liberal democracy. This way of forgetting being has led us to a point where american exceptionalism will destroy the planet.
SPANOS 2008 [William V, Professor at Binghamton, American Exceptionalism in the Age of Globalization: The Specter of Vietnam, SUNY Press 2008,] In this book I contend that ... very idea of America. There knowledge production strengthens hegemony; as object truth becomes a tool of dominant culture to certify it’s power. This means authors write in favor of imperialism because they can sell more copies.
Spanos, 8 (William, V. Prof. of English @ Binghampton) “American Exceptionalism in the Age of Globalization.” P 58-60 As this brief summary suggests by way of stressing ... side of the myth of American exceptionalism. Our alternative is to do nothing in the face of the affirmative‘s imperial strategy. This frustrates the logic of imperialism by refusing to be answerable to american exceptionalism. This praxis enables us to place ontological questions about the world as a prior concern to the aff‘s demands thus making a rethinking of imperialism possible.
SPANOS 2000 [William, America‘s Shadow, p 197-202] If, however, we forcibly dislocate the pervasive, ... "against theory" because it is foreign to American culture.19
| 09/16/11 |
| 3 |
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Democracy T
- Tournament: Emporia/Harvard | Round: Neg Ones | Opponent: | Judge:
A. Definition: Democracy refers solely to the principle of popular sovereignty
Gilbert 2009 [Jeremy, Teaches Cultural Studies at the University of East London, “Liberalism Does Not Imply Democracy,” http://www.opendemocracy.net/blog/ourkingdom/jeremy-gilbert/2009/09/26/liberalism-does-not-imply-democracy]
There is one assumption enacting in the world B. Violation: The affirmative promotes the values of political liberalism toward . This is not topical because liberalism and democracy have distinct grounding principles. C. Reasons to Prefer
Limits Topic directionality: allowing the promotion of a specific political tendency means they also justify any other values which could potentially be expressed democratically. This makes the topic multidirectional.
Schmitt 1988 [Carl, Professor of Law, The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy, p.24-5]
If all political tendencies those who themselves decide. Education: the confusion of liberalism with democracy constrains political debate and promotes ideological escapism
Mouffe 2000 [Chantal, Prof of Politics & International Relations, The Democratic Paradox, p.92-3]
So we have to conclude recognition of the pluralism
| 10/30/11 |
| 8 |
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Speaking For Others
- Tournament: Wake | Round: 8 | Opponent: Cal Berk HP | Judge: Krik Evans
<p><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">We are privileged, but our entitlement to speak is not natural. It is the product of certain “rituals of speaking” present in a given situation. Factors such as the positionality of the speaker and the nature of the discursive context predetermine the truth-value of what gets said.</span></p><p class="Cite"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Alcoff 92 [Linda, Prof of Philosophy, “The Problem of Speaking for Others,” <em>Cultural Critique</em> 20, p.12-3]</span></p><p class="SmallText"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">A plethora of sources have argued ….in the eyes of the same milieu.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p class="Tag"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">Many teams read evidence from John Rawls to justify their policy simulations. Rawls argues that “citizens are to think of themselves as if they were legislators and ask themselves what statutes … they would think most reasonable to enact.” Always glossed over when debaters read this evidence is the subject of Rawls’s sentence: it is the citizen who acts as if; it is the citizen who thinks reasonably; it is citizens who “view themselves as ideal … legislators.” I get to speak because I am a citizen and my speech forms the “social basis of liberal democracy.”</span> It is my nation that validates my speech.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p class="Tag"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">US visions of “freedom” rely on the concrete experiences of the subaltern… viewing women and men in the region as oppressed, backwards, and in need of saving. This ventriloquism of the other is the strategy of capitalist neocolonialism.</span></p><p class="Cite"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Spivak 99 [Gayatri, Prof of English at Columbia, <em>A Critique of Postcolonial Reason</em>, p.254-5]</span></p><p class="SmallText"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">It is not surprising ….occluding the native once again.</span></p><p class="CardText"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></p><p class="CardText"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Rituals of speaking are part of a genocidal geo-politics of knowledge production. National borders mark cultural and epistemic boundaries that disqualify non-European epistemologies and justify the eradication of difference. </span></p><p class="Cite"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Mignolo & Tlostanova 06</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> [Walter & Madina, Prof of Literature & Prof of the History of Culture, “Theorizing from the Borders,” <em>European Journal of Social Theory</em>, p.205-6, 208]</span></p><p class="CardText"><span class="Underline" style="font-size: 10pt;">The modern foundation of </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">…. </span><span class="Underline">by the globalization of culture.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p class="Tag"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">This silencing of oppressed voices ensures the continuation of oppression – our attempts help are doomed to failure as long as we don’t heed their perspectives</span></p><p class="Cite"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Henze 2000 [Brent, Associate Prof of English, “Who Says Who Says?” <em>Reclaiming identity: Realist Theory and the Predicament of Postmodernism</em>, ed. Moya and Hames-Garcia]</span></p><p class="SmallText"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Though I argue against efforts ….</span><span class="Underline">particular effect of power.</span></p><p class="Tag"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></p><p class="Tag"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal;">Failure to heed the perspectives is ethnocidal – turns case</span></p><p class="Cite"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Mignolo 2000 [Walter, <em>Local Histories/Global Designs</em>, 68-70]</span></p><p class="SmallText"><span class="Underline" style="font-size: 10pt;">“An other thinking” ….center and the periphery</span></p><p class="Tag"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; font-weight: normal;"> </span></p><p class="Tag"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; font-weight: normal;">the criteria for evaluation must be whether the <em>effects</em> of their speech help to reconfigure the rituals of speaking in debate in such a way as to ally it with resistance to oppression</span></p><p class="Cite"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Alcoff 92 [Linda, Prof of Philosophy, “The Problem of Speaking for Others,” <em>Cultural Critique</em> 20, p.14-5]</span></p><p class="SmallText"><span class="CardTextChar" style="font-size: 10pt;">Let me return now to …. </span><span class="ReadingTextChar" style="font-size: 10pt;">the politics of the situation.</span></p><div><p><br class="lineBreak"></p><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%"><div id="ftn1"><p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span style="font-size: 9pt;"> Rawls 99 [John, Philosophy Professor, <em>Law of Peoples</em>, p.56-7]</span></p></div></div>
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| 11/13/11 |
| 15 |
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Round Reports
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
<h5 id="HNeg:ConcordiaBW"><span><span class="Underline">Neg: Concordia BW</span></span></h5><h5 id="HRound23Tournament:Shirley"><span><span class="Underline">Round # Tournament: Shirley</span></span></h5><h5 id="HVsTeam:unknown"><span><span class="Underline">Vs Team: unknown</span></span></h5><h5 id="HJudge:Roberts"><span><span class="Underline">Judge: Roberts</span></span></h5><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="Underline" style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="Underline" style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></p><h6 id="HOffCaseArgs:T2013democracy3Dpopularsovereignty28onwiki292Cspanos2Fbaudrillard2FDillon201CQuietAmerican201D"><span><span class="Underline">Off Case Args: T – democracy= popular sovereignty (on wiki), spanos/baudrillard/Dillon “Quiet American”</span></span></h6><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="Underline" style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="Underline" style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></p><h6 id="HCaseArgs:realismbad2Cthreatsbad2Csecuritybad"><span><span class="Underline">Case Args: realism bad, threats bad, security bad</span></span></h6><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="Underline" style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="Underline" style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></p><h6 id="HBlockStrategy:"><span><span class="Underline">Block Strategy:</span></span></h6><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="Underline" style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="Underline" style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></p><h6 id="H2nrStrategy:caseandk"><span><span class="Underline">2nr Strategy: case and k</span></span></h6><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="Underline" style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></p>
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| 11/13/11 |
| 7 |
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Egypt PIC
- Tournament: Wake | Round: 8 | Opponent: Cal | Judge: Krik Evans
-
The United States federal government should offer political party support for political parties that don’t reject violence Labelling places according to national borders underwrites and reproduces dominant relations of power, justifying intervention Stetter 08 [Stephan, Prof of International Politics, “Territories we make and unmake,” Harvard International Review, http://hir.harvard.edu/territories-we-make-and-unmake?page=0,2] The accuracy of each spatial narrative …”, as Julie Peteet once noted. National borders are drawn between the self and enemy and validate security practices Lipschutz, Assistant Professor of Politics and Director of the Adlai Stevenson Program on Global Security at UC Santa Cruz, the most attractive campus ever and home of the banana slugs, 2000
(Ronnie D., After Authority: War, Peace, and Global Politics in the 21st Century, SUNY Press, pg. 59) Thus, conventionally …one side from the other.24 National borders operate as a permanent state of exception mediated by mechanisms of control.
Salter 06 [Mark, Assoc Prof of Political Studies, “The Global Visa Regime and the Political Technologies of the International Self,” Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 31.2, p.169-70]
At the border, one …The traveler is not simply in between states, but also denationalized.
| 11/13/11 |
| 4 |
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Ethics PIC (Derrida)
- Tournament: Wake | Round: 8 | Opponent: Cal Berk | Judge: Kirk Evans
-
The Link:
The aff frames ethical decision-making as the concern of the sovereign political institution. By framing ethics as the conjunction of practical action and the political and theoretical justification of the plan, the Aff divests the ballot of any notion of responsbility. The claim that the judge has an ethical responsbility to vote AFF is mired in the fundamental paradox. The more ethics is subordinated to knowledge, theories, and rules, the less the individial agent appears as a responsible actor.
[Thurschwell, Assistant Prof of Law at Cleveland State University, 2001... Adam, Law/Test/Culture, 2001, 5. L.T.C. 271].
Derrida addresses the consequences...guide this decision. The paradox of ethical action pervades the realm of international politics. The language of diplomacy, war, and politics is incapable of investing an aff ballot with ethical significance because of this paradox.
Derrida – director of studies @ the school for The Advanced Social Science – 1995 (Gift of Death, trans. Davil Willis)
This applies all the more…display of good conscience. Our Alternative –
Our argument engages the aff decision to calculate ethical action. Our alternative conception of the ballot locates ethical justification for the plan as a leap of faith and represents the condition for the possibility of ethics itself. Our alternative captures 100% of plan and its pragmatic effects and competes by critiquing their decision to link the justification of the plan to a claim of knowledge, theory, or rule. Our argument cannot be reduced to a simple call for the rejection of all calculation, knowledge, theories, or rules. To the contrary, calculation is inevitable and necessary for most of our activities. [Thurschwell, Assistant Prof of Law at Cleveland State University, 2003... Adam, Cardozo Law Review, 2001, 1193]. Only the neg conception of the ballot can give ethical content to the decision to act. The aff strips action of its claim to ethics and responsibility – it is irresponsible and anti-ethical to the core.
Derrida – Director of Studies @ School for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences – 1995
(Gift of Death, tans. David Willis)
to subordinate responsibility…and for the decision The logic of the Aff’s ethical appeal treats the future as a plannable event that can be known and mastered. This move decouples ethics from its messianic potential and cuminates in catastrophe. Only the Neg conception of the ethical decision has the capacity to resist the most horrid forms of historical teleology.
John. D Caputo, Cook Prof of Philosophy at Villanova University, 1997. [Deconstruction in a Nutshell: A Conversation with Jacques Derrida, ed. With commentary by Cputo, pages 156-164]
It is clear to anyone…of some chosen people.
| 11/13/11 |
| 14 |
| 11/13/11 |
| 9 |
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Guilt K
- Tournament: TX Swings | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
<p><br class="lineBreak"></p>
Anti-Western rhetoric stems from an ontology of guilt – it is not objective and trivializes atrocities committed by non-Western peoples
Bruckner 10 (Pascal, French writer and public intellectual, maître de conférences at the Institut d’Études Politiques de Paris and collaborator at the Nouvel Observateur. The Tyranny of Guilt: An Essay on Western Masochism p. 1-3)
A great city in northern … intervenes and meddles in everything. The ontology of guilt causes us to hate ourselves – the world becomes a morality play where the Exploitative Westerner preys upon the Helpless and Innocent Other. This self-hatred replicates racism and makes progressive reform impossible
Bruckner 10 (Pascal, French writer and public intellectual, maître de conférences at the Institut d’Études Politiques de Paris and collaborator at the Nouvel Observateur. The Tyranny of Guilt: An Essay on Western Masochism p. 100-104)
One part of the world … rejoin the human family? A politics of shame is necessary to counteract the masochism of the ontology of guilt – we must accuse the accusers. The gift is poisoned, but humanity is at stake.
Bruckner 10 (Pascal, French writer and public intellectual, maître de conférences at the Institut d’Études Politiques de Paris and collaborator at the Nouvel Observateur. The Tyranny of Guilt: An Essay on Western Masochism p. 220-221)
Naturally, we will continue … the survival of humanity.
| 01/06/11 |
| 5 |
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Wargames
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
<p><br class="lineBreak"></p>
War is a simulacrum – the terror of deterrence is spread through virtual war that unfolds in an abstract, electronic, and informational space. The 1AC participates in the reproduction of the system of simulation.
Patton, 1995 [Paul, Lecturer in Philosophy, “Introduction,” in Jean Baudrillard, The Gulf War Did Not Take Place, p. 7-9]
Rhetoric aside, Baudrillard's … third order of reality. The threat of nuclear war is only a pretext designed for a system of control that blackmails us into submission
Baudrillard 1994 [Jean, Prof of Sociology, Simulacra and Simulation, p. 32-3]
The apotheosis of simulation … because it risks annihilation. The AFF’s attempt to speculate about war is the product of mass media stupidity, a proliferation of phony and unaccountable commentary & information
Baudrillard 1995 [Jean, Prof of Sociology, The Gulf War Did Not Take Place, p. 51]
By the force of the media, … insignificance of the images.
| 01/06/12 |
| 6 |
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Security/Terror
- Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
<p>Terrorism Args<br class="lineBreak"><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Using terrorism as a floating signifier is essential to militantly enforcing neoliberal hegemony- presupposes the legitimacy of the war on terror and leads to the devaluation of populations.</strong><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Gorelick in 2008.</strong> [Nathan. “Imagining Extraordinary Renditions: Terror, Torture, and the Possibility of an Excessive Ethics in Literature.” Theory & Event Vol. 11:2]<br class="lineBreak">The problem with … turn itself terroristic."<br class="lineBreak"><br class="lineBreak"><strong>The drive for security necessitates the extermination of difference</strong><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Gorelick in 2008</strong>. [Nathan. “Imagining Extraordinary Renditions: Terror, Torture, and the Possibility of an Excessive Ethics in Literature.” Theory & Event Vol. 11:2]<br class="lineBreak">Aimé Césaire noted this phenomenon … or exterminated with impunity.<br class="lineBreak"><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Furthermore, the desire for order is the foundation of relations of violence- representations of terror are self fulfilling.</strong><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Gorelick in 2008</strong>. [Nathan. “Imagining Extraordinary Renditions: Terror, Torture, and the Possibility of an Excessive Ethics in Literature.” Theory & Event Vol. 11:2]<br class="lineBreak">Extraordinary rendition contains … draws the terror ever closer.38<br class="lineBreak"><br class="lineBreak">Security Cards We Frequently Read<br class="lineBreak"><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Security Discourse in national policy ensures endless threat construction against perceived threats</strong><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Campbell 07 </strong><br class="lineBreak">(David, prof of international politics at the University of Newcastle, "Performing security: The imaginative geographies of current US strategy" Stuart Elden, Stephen Graham, Alex Jeffrey, Alison J. Williams, and Luiza Bialasiewicz Political Geopgraphy 26 (2007)<br class="lineBreak">Again, it is essential... "Rogue states."<br class="lineBreak"><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Construction of endless threats is a self-fulfilling prophecy leading to the constant creation of more threats.</strong><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Lipshutz 1998</strong><br class="lineBreak">Ronnie, Director - Politics PhD Program, UC Santa Cruz, On Security, p. 8<br class="lineBreak">Security ism to put... relationship is intersubjective. <br class="lineBreak"><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Security requires an emeny in order to guarantee it having any meaning - the herd mentality created by this makes fascistic violence inevitable as everything is leveled to standing reserve.</strong><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Mitchell 2005</strong><br class="lineBreak">(Andrew J., Stanford University, "Heidegger and Terrorism" Research in Phenomenology)<br class="lineBreak">There can be no security... enframed within the plan.<br class="lineBreak"><br class="lineBreak"><strong>First, invoking the threat of apocalypse legitimates any use of foce not short of annihilation.</strong><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Coviello, 2k</strong><br class="lineBreak">PhD English from Cornell, Queer Frontiers, p 40-41<br class="lineBreak">Perhaps. But to claim that American... scarcely be done without.<br class="lineBreak"><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Securitization has throughout history been the justification for WMDs, the death of millions, and the suppression of intellectual dissent. </strong><br class="lineBreak"><strong>Der Derian 1998</strong><br class="lineBreak">James, research prof of internation studies at the Watson Institute, 1998. "The Value of Security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard. On Security edited by Ronnie D. Lipshutz. p 18<br class="lineBreak">No other concept in international relations ... at bay anarchy, chaos, and difference.<br class="lineBreak"></p>
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| 01/06/12 |
| 16 |
| 01/06/12 |
| 12 |
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Prolif K
- Tournament: UTD | Round: 5 | Opponent: Wyoming FP | Judge: Andy Casey
<p><br class="lineBreak"></p>
FIRST, THE METAPHOR OF PROLIFERATION BORROWS FROM A BIOLOGICAL VESTIGE: THINKING OF PROLIFERATION AS THE OUTWARD SPREAD OF WEAPONS, INTERNALLY DRIVEN BUT EXTERNALLY CONTROLLED IS THE ULTIMATE EMBRACE OF THE PROLIFERATION METAPHOR. ADHERANCE TO THE METAPHOR REQUIRES THINKING OF PROLIFERATION AS A TECHNOLOGICAL AND AUTONOMOUS PROBLEM, DIVERTING ATTENTION AWAY FROM HUMAN AGENCY AND SOCIAL FACTORS THAT DRIVE INTEREST IN THE ACQUISITION OF WEAPONS.
Mutimer, 1994. (David, Reimagining Security: The Metaphors of Proliferation, YCISS Occasional Paper Number 25, August, http://www.yorku.ca/yciss/publications/OP25-Mutimer.pdf)
The 'proliferation' metaphor, … the acts of supply and acquisition. THEIR IMPACT IS GROUNDED IN THE RACIST IDEOLOGY THAT SOME NATIONS ARE COMPETENT ENOUGH TO HAVE NUCLEAR WEAPONS, WHILE OTHERS ARE NOT. THIS DISCOURSE IS PART OF A LARGER PRODUCTION OF OTHERNESS WHICH SEEKS TO CREATE THE FANTASY OF A PERFECT AMERICA THROUGH THE DEMONIZATION OF OTHERS.
GUSTERSON, 1999. (HUGH, NUCLEAR WEAPONS AND THE OTHER IN THE WESTERN IMAGINATION, CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY, 14:1)
Thus in Western discourse nuclear … First World institutions and states. THEIR SIGNIFICANCE CLAIMS ARE HOLLOW: THE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH PROLIFERATION ARE MERELY THE CONSTRUCTIONS RESULTING FROM THE CONCEPT OF PROLIFERATION
MUTIMER 2000. (DAVID, THE WEAPONS STATE: PROLIFERATION AND THE FRAMING OF SECURITY, BOULDER: LYNNE RIENNER, P 157)
Objects are constructed … recipients, and rogues. IN ORDER TO AVOID FALLING INTO THE TRAP OF IDENTIFYING FALSE PROBLEMS, AND CONSTRUCTING COUNTERPRODUCTIVE SOLUTIONS, THE PERNICIOUS METAPHOR OF PROLIFERATION MUST BE UNMASKED. WE ARE NOT CALLING FOR A REJECTION OF PROLIFERATION DISCOURSE, AS THIS IS IMPOSSIBLE. INSTEAD, WE ARE ENDORSING AN IMMINENT CRITIQUE OF SUCH DISCOURSE
MUTIMER, 1997. (DAVID, REIMAGINING SECURITY: THE METAPHORS OF PROLIFERATION, IN CRITICAL SECURITY STUDIES: CONCEPTS AND CASES, ED. KEITH KRAUSE AND MICHAEL WILLIAMS, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA PRESS: MINNEAPOLIS, BORDERLINES, VOL 8, P 215-216)
First, we must recognize that the … assumptions of the traditional approaches.
| 01/08/12 |
| 13 |
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Fem IR
- Tournament: Augg | Round: 3 | Opponent: Wayne, Libya | Judge:
Theoretical and practical approaches for assisting democracy in the MENA region wrongly assume that democracy is a gender neutral institution – history proves that democratic transitions leave masculinity as the norm
Moghadam 11 [Valentine, Professor of Sociology and Women’s Studies at Purdue University, “Engendering Democracy: Women and the Mass Social Protests in the Middle East and North Africa,” Delivered at Boston University, March 5]
The first decade of the 21century was...democratic transition in the region. The state perpetuates masculinist social control, structural violence, and the necessity to secure people and women. Blanchard 03 [Eric M. Blanchard "Gender, International Relations, and the Development of Feminist Security Theory" Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 28: 4 The University of Chicago, Summer 2003: 1297]
Like Tickner, many ... exercising society's violence." (367).
sovereignty rests upon masculine domination and patriarchy
Goldstein 01[Joshua, American University IR prof,. War and Gender, 2001 p. 53-4]
Realism. Realism, the dominant... modern Western states.
The concept of "peace" itself is a gendered concept that defines itself only in relation to state-based wars - keeping "peace" while ignoring the ongoing war against women is a political act of exclusion.
Ray 97 [Feb, American University Law Review. lexis]
Because, as currently constructed ... constructed to exclude and silence women. The aff's view of national security is only a techno-strategic partial view of reality
Tickner 92 [Ann, prof of International relations at South Carolina University. Gender in International Relations]
Feminist perspectives on national ... multidimensional perspective on security.
Assumptions of masculine superiority inevitably result in self-perpetuating cycles of war, arms races, and violence.
Peterson and Runyan 93 [V. Spike - assistant prof of poli sci at the University of Arizona, Sisson - associate prof of poli sci at the State University of New York. Global Gender Issues. Potsdam p. 36]
A willingness to engage ... violence because the actual costs are very great.
Our methodology matters. Gender analysis must precede other conclusions and calculations.
Peterson and Runyan 93 [V. Spike - assistant prof of poli sci at the University of Arizona, Sisson - associate prof of poli sci at the State University of New York. Global Gender Issues. Potsdam].
Gender issues surface now because ... partial and distorted than conventional accounts.
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| 02/12/12 |
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| 03/31/12 |
