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Binghamton 1AC

• Tournament: Binghamton | Round: 1 | Opponent: CUNY | Judge:
  
  
• 
  

• Terrorism
  _ Current Yemeni aid focuses on counter-terrorism – Pro-Saleh Policy Builds US Resentment and Support for AQAP.
  Green, fellow at The Washington Institute, 4-18-11
  [Daniel, The American Moment in Yemen
  AND
  -american-moment-in-yemen/]

  It is becoming increasingly clear that the departure
  AND
  States as well as strengthened support for AQAP.

  _ Protests provide cover for AQAP mobilization
  Reuters 9-15-11
  [Renewed clashes in Yemen capital, blasts
  AND
  /09/14/idINIndia-59348920110914]

  Sounds of explosions and gunfire shook a northern
  AND
  to launch strikes on the region and beyond.

  _ Successful AQAP attacks against the US triggers retaliation and invasion
  Terrill, Strategic Studies Institute Middle East specialist, ‘11
  [W. Andrew, The Conflicts in
  AND
  ]

  The difficulties associated with managing Yemen policy should
  AND
  of Afghanistan and Iraq look simple by comparison.

  _ AQAP is Pursuing Nuclear Terrorism
  Grossman, Global Security Newswire staffer, 6-10-11
  [Elaine, GSN, “Panetta:
  AND
  /nw_20110610_2715.php]

  Adm. Michael Mullen, chairman of the
  AND
  shown interest in obtaining chemical and biological weapons.

   Nuclear Terror Risks Extinction
  Speice, JD, 06
  [Patrick, “Negligence and nuclear nonproliferation
  AND
  , February, p. 1437-8]

  Accordingly, there is a significant and ever
  AND
  potentially triggering a full-scale nuclear conflict. 

  _ AQAP is targeting shipping lanes
  Difo, policy analyst for counterterrorism at the American Security Project, ‘10
  [Germain, Yemen and U.S
  AND
  ]

  Attacks on Strategic Shipping Lanes. Yemen’s proximity
  AND
  military vessels operating off the Yemeni coast.33

  Naval power the Lynchpin of hegemony
  Friedman, Chief Executive Officer of STRATFOR, 07
  [George, Stratfor.com, 4
  AND
  -and-necessity-naval-power]

  The argument for slashing the Navy can be
  AND
  , first and foremost, a maritime power.

  _ U.S hegemony solves extinction
  Kagan, Senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment
  AND
  transatlantic fellow at the German Marshall Fund, 07
  (Robert Kagan, senior associate at the
  AND
  /publications/policyreview/8552512.html) 

  This is a good thing, and it
  AND
  end conflict but would simply change the equation. 

   Trade Prevents Global nuclear war
  Copley News Service, 99
  [December 1, ‘99, “Commentary”]

  For decades, many children in America and
  AND
  world trade. They should be celebrating it.
  Stability
  _ Yemen is on the brink of civil war.
  Yemen Post 9-14-11 [U.N. Warns Against Civil War in Yemen, http://yemenpost.net/Detail123456789.aspx?ID=3&SubID=4056&MainCat=3]

  In its last report on Yemen, the
  AND
  Saleh does not bow to his people’s demands.

  _ Protests are escalating as parties look for a path to transition – Implementation independent of the GCC is key.
  Yemen Post 9-14-11
  [Protests continue as Revolutionary Council Rejects Authorization
  AND
  &SubID=4057&MainCat=3]

  Massive demonstrations were organized in Yemen on Wednesday
  AND
  wasting time through ordering to find other mechanisms. 

  _ Draw-In Causes a Saudi-Arabia-Iran Proxy War
  Dobriansky, former Under Secretary of State, and Johnson, former Commander, U.S. Naval Forces, Europe, ‘10
  [Paula, Gregory, Fragility and Extremism
  AND
  %20Fragility%20and%20Extremism.pdf]

  The severity of problems in Yemen—and
  AND
  disasters among an extremely impoverished and underserviced population.

  _ Saudia Arabia-Iran Proxy War escalates to nuclear exchange
  Hudson, President Emeritus of Hudson Institute and Professor Emeritus of NYU, ‘10
  [Herbert, the Coming Crisis in the
  AND
  ]

  The gathering storm in the Middle East is
  AND
  second holocaust could lead to a nuclear exchange.

   Yemen is key to global energy access
  Dobriansky, former Under Secretary of State, and Johnson, former Commander, U.S. Naval Forces, Europe, ‘10
  [Paula, Gregory, Fragility and Extremism
  AND
  %20Fragility%20and%20Extremism.pdf]

  But Yemen also has a particular geostrategic importance
  AND
  a real risk to the world’s energy supply.

  _ Supply shocks risk Asian conflicts
  Halloran, former New York Times foreign correspondent in Asia and military correspondent in Washington, ‘8
  [Richard, South China Morning Post, 2-13, lexis]

  A fresh assessment of Asia's energy outlook asserts
  AND
  be the cause of hostilities across the region.

  _ Asian Conflict Goes Nuclear
  Dibb, 01 – emeritus professor of strategic and defence studies at The Australian National University (Paul, Winter. “Strategic Trends: Asia at a Crossroads.” Naval War College Review, Vol. 54, Issue 1. Ebsco.)

  The areas of maximum danger and instability in
  AND
  to be ineffective when confronted with major crises.

  Here’s a Silver Bullet
  Plan: The United States federal government should substantially expand assistance for participation and representation in governance including elections, anti-corruption, and the judiciary for Yemen.

  Solvency
  _ US Democracy Aid is crucial – Elections, Diplomatic Ties and Decentralized Governance
  Green, fellow at The Washington Institute, 8-12-11
  [Daniel, The Persistence of President Saleh
  AND
  ]

  Although U.S. policy calls for
  AND
  Washington's understanding of the tribal dynamics outside Sana. 

  _ US Led Political Reform Solves Stability and Terrorism
  Henderson, Baker fellow and director of the Gulf and Energy Policy Program at The Washington Institute, and Green, Soref fellow at the Institute, 6-6-11
  [Simon and Daniel, Yemen in Transition
  AND
  /templateC06.php?CID=1645]

  The wounding of Yemeni president Ali Saleh during
  AND
  is a vital U.S. interest. 

  _ Representation is crucial to Stability – US Signal is key
  Green, fellow at The Washington Institute, 4-18-11
  [Daniel, The American Moment in Yemen
  AND
  -american-moment-in-yemen/]

  The United States must dramatically signal a new
  AND
  central government institutions and make them more representative.

  _ US Posture is crucial to Stability
  Green, fellow at The Washington Institute, 6-9-11
  [Daniel, A Way Forward in Yemen
  AND
  ]

  Yemen’s new president will take over a government
  AND
  include international partners such as the United Nations.

  _ Building support from the Yemeni people is key.
  Green, fellow at The Washington Institute, 4-18-11
  [Daniel, The American Moment in Yemen
  AND
  -american-moment-in-yemen/]

  If the United States adopts a new approach
  AND
  which to launch attacks against the United States.

  _ US Focus is Key – Must Expand Beyond Terrorism
  Boucek, Middle East Program Associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 7-19-11
  [Christopher, U.S. POLICY
  AND
  AND SOUTH AND CENTRAL ASIAN AFFAIRS, lexis]

  In large part, U.S.
  AND
  security will come when conditions in Yemen improve.

  _ Yemen collapse spurs regional draw-in
  Kagan, director of the AEI Critical Threats Project and a former professor of military history at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, ‘10 [Frederick W., 1/20/10, “Yemen: Confronting Al-Qaeda, Preventing State Failure” http://www.aei.org/speech/100119]

  The prospect of pushing forward with such a
  AND
  of a serious al Qaeda safe-haven.

  
  
  

Rochester- Yemen AFF

• Tournament: | Round: 5 | Opponent: CUNY | Judge:
  
  
• 
  

• Observation I: Terrorism

  _ Al Qaeda is regrouping in Yemen – gearing up for new attacks
  Al-Arashi ‘11 [Fakhri Al-Arashi, Publisher & Chief Editor “Yemen Gives Wounded Al Qaeda A Chance To Regroup”, National Yemen, http://nationalyemen.com/2011/06/07/yemen-gives-wounded-al-qaeda-a-chance-to-regroup/, June 6, 2011]

  War in Yemen would hand al Qaeda’s boldest … Shaikh Abdul Majeed al-Zandani who may support the group through al-iman university. 

  _ AQAP is the key to the future of al Qaeda

  The National 9-12-11
  [Michael Theodoulou, “Al Qaeda is in crisis but its offshoots still pose potent threat,” http://www.thenational.ae/news/worldwide/middle-east/al-qaeda-is-in-crisis-but-its-offshoots-still-pose-potent-threat]

  Leon Panetta, the US defence secretary and former CIA director … "has risen to the top of the list" as a source of terrorist threats, Mr Panetta said last week.
  We’ll isolate several impact scenarios. First, attacks on the US.

  _ AQAP will attack the US directly
  Difo, policy analyst for counterterrorism at the American Security Project, ‘10
  [Germain, Yemen and U.S. Security, June, http://americansecurityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Yemen-and-US-Security-Re-Release.pdf]

  Attacks against the U.S. Homeland. … also a matter of significant concern, raising the possibility that Yemen-trained terrorists with American passports could be used to conduct attacks in the United States.27

   A successful terrorist attack would cause full scale US intervention in Yemen – that crushes hegemony
  Terrill ’10 [Dr. W. Andrew Terrill is a research professor at the U.S. Army War College, Carlisle Barracks PA, “Preventing Yemen from Becoming Fallujah”, November 1, 2010, http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/index.cfm/articles/Preventing-Yemen-from-Becoming-Fallujah/2010/11/1]

  In the rapidly mutating world of international terrorist organizations …, and this passion goes far beyond al Qaeda sympathizers. 

  _ This risks global nuclear war
  Khalilzad 11 (Zalmay, Former US Ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the UN and Former Director of Policy Planning @ the DOD, “The Economy and National Security,” February 8th, http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/259024/economy-and-national-security-zalmay-khalilzad?page=3)

  The stakes are high. In modern history …. Either way, hostile states would be emboldened to make aggressive moves in their regions. 

  Second, WMD Terrorism.

  _ AQAP is close to engaging in nuclear terrorism and is also seeking CBWs

  Grossman, Global Security Newswire staffer, 6-10-11
  [Elaine, GSN, “Panetta: Yemeni Support for Counterterrorism Persists, Despite Instability,” http://gsn.nti.org/gsn/nw_20110610_2715.php]

  Adm. Michael Mullen, chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, … Al-Qaeda operatives have also shown interest in obtaining chemical and biological weapons.

  _ Nuclear terrorism causes extinction
  Sid-Ahmed, political analyst, 04
  [Mohamed, Al-Ahram Weekly On-Line, http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/705/op5.htm, August 26 – September 1, 2004]

  We have reached a point in human history where the phenomenon of terrorism has to be completely uprooted, … , this war will be without winners and losers. When nuclear pollution infects the whole planet, we will all be losers.

  _ CBW attacks cause extinction
  John D. Steinbruner, Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution, and Vice Chair, Committee on International Security and Arms Control, National Academy of Sciences, 12/22/1997 (“Biological Weapons: A Plague Upon All Houses” – Foreign Policy) p. lexis

  Although human pathogens are often lumped with nuclear explosives and lethal chemicals as potential weapons of mass destruction, … The 1918 influenza epidemic demonstrated the potential for a global contagion of this sort but not necessarily its outer limit.

  Third, Saudi Arabia.

  _ Yemeni based AQAP will strike Saudi oil facilities
  Murphy ’10 (AQAP’s Growing Security Threat to Saudi Arabia Jun 03, 2010 Caryle Murphy Caryle Murphy is an independent journalist based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A former reporter for the Washington Post, she was awarded the 1990 Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting. She is the author of Passion For Islam. 

  AQAP is now a major security threat to Saudi Arabia… residential compounds or targeting an official as they are threatening…This is their danger.”

  _ Attack on Saudi oil causes a global oil shock
  Sokolski ‘5 (Sokolski, Executive Director of the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center, 2005 (Henry, Testimony before the House International Relations Committee, 2/16, http://www.internationalrelations.house.gov/archives/109/sok021605.pdf) 

  Iran also has a history of supporting terrorist activity in Saudi Arabia … are likely to be fortified by Tehran’s offers of oil rights to European states, Russia, and China. 

  _ Saudi oil shock causes extinction
  Henderson ‘7 (Climate Change, Peak Oil And Nuclear War By Bill Henderson 24 February, 2007 Countercurrents.org)
  
  A steep spike in the price of oil, … world war than at any time since the Cuban missile crisis in 1962 with a beginning arms race and tactical confrontation over weapons in space and even serious talk of pre-emptive nuclear attack.

  Plan

  The United States Federal Government should increase support for civil law enforcement and election assistance in Yemen.  We reserve the right to clarify.  You got questions, ask.
  Solvency
  _ Only law enforcement solves- studies and experts agree that law enforcement is key to short and long term success against AQAP
  Knoetgne ’11 [Peter Knoetgne, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, “Chaos and Terrorism: How to Fight al-Qaeda in Yemen Amid Political Turmoil”, May 16, 2011, http://www.cejiss.org/columns/chaos-and-terrorism-how-fight-al-qaeda-yemen-amid-political-turmoil, ]

  Any post-Saleh government will face a significant challenge in keeping the country from plunging into a bloody conflict. … with military or intelligence experts providing cultural, regional and international expertise. 

  _ Assistance to professionalize law enforcement is critical
  Boucek, Middle East Program Associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 7-19-11
  [Christopher, U.S. POLICY IN YEMEN; COMMITTEE: SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS; SUBCOMMITTEE: NEAR EASTERN AND SOUTH AND CENTRAL ASIAN AFFAIRS, lexis]

  Washington should also focus on other indirect measures that can help bolster security and stability in Yemen. …  Improvements in prison conditions will not only help to reduce recidivism, but it will also help decrease the number of now-infamous 'escapes'.

  _ US Democracy Aid is crucial – Elections, Diplomatic Ties and Decentralized Governance
  Green, fellow at The Washington Institute, 8-12-11
  [Daniel, The Persistence of President Saleh, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=3392]

  Although U.S. policy calls for removing Saleh peacefully, ... It would also improve Washington's understanding of the tribal dynamics outside Sana.
  _ Building support from the Yemeni people is key.
  Green, fellow at The Washington Institute, 4-18-11
  [Daniel, The American Moment in Yemen, http://fikraforum.org/2011/04/the-american-moment-in-yemen/]

  If the United States adopts a new approach to Yemen following President Saleh’s … the less likely al-Qaeda will have a safe haven within which to launch attacks against the United States.

  _ Representation is crucial to Stability – US Signal is key
  Green, fellow at The Washington Institute, 4-18-11
  [Daniel, The American Moment in Yemen, http://fikraforum.org/2011/04/the-american-moment-in-yemen/]

  The United States must dramatically signal a new relationship with the Yemeni people … central government institutions and make them more representative.

  _ Security forces have deteriorated – they have lost mission focus and the rule of law has collapsed

  Green, fellow at The Washington Institute, 6-24-11
  [Daniel, The al-Qaeda Crescent in Yemen, http://www.lebanonwire.com/1106MLN/11062404WI.asp]

  Even before the current unrest in Sana'a, … , intimidates security forces, and weakens local government. 

  _ Governmental repression from the security forces increases recruitment for al Qaeda
  Difo, policy analyst for counterterrorism at the American Security Project, ‘10
  [Germain, Yemen and U.S. Security, June, http://americansecurityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Yemen-and-US-Security-Re-Release.pdf]

  The Saleh government has largely failed to effectively address these challenges … as the most significant threat to their security and well-being.7 

  
  
  

JMU

• Tournament: JMU | Round: 4 | Opponent: Pitt | Judge:
  
  
• 
  

• Plan no longer includes election assistance

  
  
  

Politics 2ac - skfta

• Tournament: JMU | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• ____ Non-Unique – No SKFTA TAA Sequencing deal

  Cha, Georgetown Asian Studies Director, 10-5-11

  [Victor D., CSIS Korea Advisor and senior The Free Trade Agreement Could Spoil South Korea's State Visit, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68318/victor-d-cha/the-free-trade-agreement-could-spoil-south-koreas-state-visit?page=show]

   

  Congress has not yet promised to approve …… success it is a difficult bet to make.

   

  ___ Won’t Pass Now – Vote Counts Prove

  Snyder, adjunct senior fellow for Korea studies at the Council on Foreign Relations, 10-7-11

  [Scott A., Will South Korea Finally Win Free Trade Deal from U.S.?, http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/10/will-south-korea-finally-win-free-trade-deal-from-us/246334/]

   

  The spectre of Lee Myung-bak's state ….. centripetal force of China's growing economic influence.

   

  ___ Non-Unique – Won’t Pass in Korea

  Chosun Ilbo, 10-5-11

  [Korea-U.S. FTA Still Stuck in Political Mire, http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2011/10/05/2011100501193.html]

   

  U.S. President Barack Obama on Monday ……further renegotiations should be held.

   

  ___ Yemen Funding Fight Now – Child Soldiers

  Fortenberry, House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee of Africa, Global Health and Human Rights Vice Chairman, 10-5-11

  [Fortenberry, House Foreign Affairs Committee strengthen U.S. child soldiers policy, http://fortenberry.house.gov/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3574%3Afortenberry-house-foreign-affairs-committee-strengthen-us-child-soldiers-policy&catid=41%3Apress-releases&Itemid=72]

   

  Congressman Jeff Fortenberry, the author of ….. Sudan (via the new country of South Sudan), and Yemen. 

   

  ___ China Bashing Kills Pol Cap

  The Hill 9-28-11 [Alexander Bolton, Reid playing for leverage with jobs bill, http://thehill.com/homenews/senate/184289-china-currency-reid-playing-for-leverage-with-jobs-bill]

   

  Senate Majority Leader ……manufacturing jobs to China.

   

  ___ No link – The plan wouldn’t be controversial – our evidence assumes the current climate

  Gard 9-7

  [Lt. General Robert Gard's op-ed, "A funding cut that endangers America" was originally published in The Baltimore Sun on September 7, 2011, http://armscontrolcenter.org/policy/nuclearterrorism/a_funding_cut_that_endangers_america/]

   

  In a time of great political gridlock….. actively seeking nuclear weapons.

   

  ___ Congress backs the plan

  Al-Azaki ‘10 (Mohammed, "Closely Observing Country's Situation, US Administration to Give Hand to Yemen," YemenPost, April 10, access via google cache: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:XeyiEgNtZ3YJ:www.yemenpost.net/Detail123456789.aspx%3FID%3D3%26SubID%3D1177%26MainCat%3D6+Closely+Observing+Country%27s+Situation,+US+Administration+to+Give+Hand+to+Yemen%22&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us, access 9-30-11)

   

  The American delegation’s visit came ….. terrorist groups in Yemen and Somalia.

   

  ___ Winners win

  Singer 9 – editor of MyDD.com, J.D. candidate (Jonathan, 3/3. “By Expending Capital, Obama Grows His Capital.” http://mydd.com/2009/3/3/by-expending-capital-obama-grows-his-capital)

   

  Peter Hart gets at a key point. Some believe ….. energy reform to ending the war in Iraq.

   

  ___ Turn – Leahy loves the plan

  Ken Dilanian, USA Today, “Yemen hasn't received as much U.S. aid as its neighbors” 1/5/2010, http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2010-01-05-yemen-aid_N.htm

   

  Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt., who has pushed …. find effective ways to support them."

   

  ___ Controls the agenda

  Laws, No Date

  [“ Who Is Patrick Leahy”, http://government-programs.laws.com/congress/senate/state-senator/patrick-leahy]

   

  Patrick Leahy is a Democratic ….chairman of the Foreign Operations subcommittee.

  
  
• 
  
  

Topicality - we're democracy assistance - Law Enforment Verison

• Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• ___ Counter interpretation – American democracy assistance includes aid for rule of law, civil society, elections and good governance

  McMahon ‘2, -Director, Center on Democratic Performance Department of Political Science Binghamton University-2 The Impact of U.S. Democracy and Governance Assistance in Africa: Benin Case Study 

  http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PCAAB068.pdf

   

  U.S. Democracy Assistance Donor agencies may differ …. across-the-board improvements as a result of U.S. assistance.

   

  ___ We meet the counter-interp

  rule of law

  Timothy E. Wirth, Under Secretary Of State For Global Affairs, Prepared Statement Before The House International Relations Committee, December 1, 1995, http://www.archive.org/stream/democracyruleofl00unit/democracyruleofl00unit_djvu.txt

   

  At times, Mr. Chairman, the daily ins and outs ….. market economy or protect the rights of its citizens.

   

  governance

  The National Committee on American Foreign, Saltzman Institute of War and Peace at Columbia, The Atlantic Council-‗2008 ENHANCING DEMOCRACY ASSISTANCE http://www.acus.org/files/publication_pdfs/65/Enhancing%20Democracy%20Assistance.pdf

   

  For illiberal democracies, this report ….. democratic policing and human rights training.  

  
  
• 
  
  

EU CP frontline

• Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ No Solvency – The EU lacks experience and Commitment to Yemen (% class="MsoNormal" %) Huber, FRIDE research analyst and PhD Candidate at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, ‘08 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Daniela, Mediterranean Politics, “Democracy Assistance in the Middle East and North Africa: A Comparison of US and EU Policies,” ebsco] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) All in all, similar to the US ….. of high priority for the EU’s DA so far. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Turn – CP trades-off with a Euro-focus by Poland (% class="MsoNormal" %) The Economist 7-7-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Poland's foreign policy: "For our freedom and yours", http:~/~/www.economist.com/blogs/easternapproaches/2011/07/polands-foreign-policy] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) A legitimate fear is that Poland may be overstretching …… Husák’s normalization,” says Mr Kwaśniewski. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) New Euro-Focus Stops Russian Expansionism (% class="MsoNormal" %) AP, 9-30-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [VANESSA GERA, Summit aims to renew push for democracy east of EU, http:~/~/www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hhrE2D1R4MgGTSvQV996XwmB8hxA?docId=52865bd0214849cda404bf38245fb0b1] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) These are frustrating times for those yearning ….. mobilize Ukraine's neighbors to embrace greater reforms. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Russian Expansionism Causes Nuclear War (% class="MsoNormal" %) Cohen, Research Fellow in International Studies at The Heritage Foundation, 6 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Ariel, The NEW "GREAT GAME": OIL POLITICS IN THE CAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA, January 25, 2006, http:~/~/www.heritage.org/Research/RussiaandEurasia/BG1065.cfm] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Much is at stake in Eurasia ….. Iran, and Afganistan will increase. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ Turn: CP collapses the EU (% class="MsoNormal" %) Laqueur, Founder and Editor of Journal of Contemporary History, 11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Walter, University of Chicago, Fellow Harvard Russian Research Center and Middle East Research Center, Two Guggenheim fellowships, former chairman International Research Council,CSIS Washington, The National Interest, “The Slow Death of Europe,” 8-16, http:~/~/nationalinterest.org/commentary/why-the-euro-the-least-europes-worries-5767] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) For the present debacle is also one of an apparent lack …… stop preaching to the world about human rights, freedom and democracy. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ The EU can’t fiat foreign policy action (% class="MsoNormal" %) Grevi, Fundación para las Relaciones Internacionales y el Diálogo Exterior senior researcher, 11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Giovanni, The Trio Presidency and EU Foreign Policy: muddling through, June, http:~/~/www.fride.org/publication/927/the-trio-presidency-and-eu-foreign-policy-after-lisbon] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The complex institutional design of …… chemistry than one of obligation. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ The EU fails – multiple reasons (% class="MsoNormal" %) Bicchi, London School of Economics and Political Science professor of international relations, ‘10 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Federica, Democratization, “Dilemmas of implementation: EU democracy assistance in the Mediterranean,” Oct, informaworld] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) This issue is worth exploring from the perspective …… the policy cycle, namely implementation.4 (% class="MsoNormal" %)

  
  
• 
  
  

Israel relations Ans

• Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• (% class="MsoNormal" %) Non-Unique – Relations Down and Commitment to Democracy Now (% class="MsoNormal" %) AP, 9-29 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [U.S. presses wary ally Egypt on Israel, democracy, http:~/~/www.sltrib.com/csp/cms/sites/sltrib/pages/printerfriendly.csp?id=52653875] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The fraying of relations with Israel ….. ongoing democratic transition.” (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~_~_~_ Link Non-Unique and Turn – Israel is Freaked Now, only Successful Transitions Save Relations (% class="MsoNormal" %) Dromi, Jerusalem based columnist, 9-2-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Uri, Israelis watch ‘Arab Spring,’ with fingers crossed, http:~/~/www.jewishjournal.com/opinion/article/israelis_watch_arab_spring_with_fingers_crossed_20110902/] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Watching the masses in Tunisia, Egypt, ….. against the usual suspect: Israel. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~_~_~_ No Internal – Israel Views Democracies as beneficial. (% class="MsoNormal" %) Harel, Military Correspondent and Defense Analyst at Haaretz, 11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Amos, “Arab Spring. Bad for Israel? Not Necessarily.” Alarabiya (English Edition), July 6, p. http:~/~/english.alarabiya.net/views/2011/07/06/156338.html) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) In Israel, Prime Minister Benjamin …. “track two” channel of discussion. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~_~_~_ Relations High and Inevitable – Military Co-Operation and Domestic Politics (% class="MsoNormal" %) Goodman, National Post Staff, 9-7-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Hirsh, Why the United States still supports Israel, http:~/~/www.nationalpost.com/news/United+States+still+supports+Israel/5361593/story.html= (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Key to Israel's survival is its relationship with…… between the two countries would be vastly different. (% align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;" %)

  
  
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Saudi Rels DA ans

• Tournament: JMU outrounds | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~_~_~_ Non-Unique – Saudi Rels Down Now – Different Long-Term Interests (% class="MsoNormal" %) Al Jazeera, 4-20-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Gregg Carlstrom, staff, Backing away from Saleh, slowly, http:~/~/english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2011/04/2011418193643493286.html] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Whatever influence the US has in Yemen, …. development of a democratic state." (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~_~_~_ Unique Turn – Plan Demonstrates US Commitment to Saudi Security Concerns (% class="MsoNormal" %) Paikin, JINSA research associate, 8-29-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Zach, JINSA = Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs, W(h)ither Yemen?, http:~/~/www.yementimes.com/DefaultDET.aspx?SUB_ID=36529] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) While various tribes and the secessionist ….. remain a part of the new governing coalition. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~_~_~_ No Link – Saudi Arabia Supports a Democratic Yemen (% class="MsoNormal" %) VOA, 10-3-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Voice of America, Elizabeth Arrott, Cairo, Saudis Worried About Instability in Yemen, http:~/~/www.voanews.com/english/news/middle-east/Saudis-Worried-About-Instability-in-Yemen-131014973.html] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) That GCC initiative could eventually …… alternatives would be far worse. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~_~_~_ No Link and Turn – Instability gives the US space to act and takes out generic links. (% class="MsoNormal" %) Terrill, SSI Middle East specialist, 8-2-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Dr. W. Andrew, Strategic Studies Institute, The Arab Spring and the Future of U.S. Interests and Cooperative Security in the Arab World, http:~/~/www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/index.cfm/articles/The-Arab-Spring-and-the-Future-of-US-Interests/2011/8/2#yemen] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The United States has a significant aid ….. more effective war on Saudi Arabia.

  
  
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Liberty-Round 1

• Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  

• (% class="MsoNormal" %) {{id name="_GoBack"/}}China Rels (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ Relations low now – China Bashing and Taiwan (% class="MsoNormal" %) Carpenter 11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Ted Galen Carpenter, “An Especially Delicate Phase in U.S.-China Relations”, The National Interest, 10-11-2011, [[http:~~/~~/nationalinterest.org/blog/the-skeptics/especially-delicate-phase-us-china-relations-5999>>http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-skeptics/especially-delicate-phase-us-china-relations-5999]]] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Issues that could disrupt U.S.- (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) would seriously impact relations between Washington and Beijing. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ US is encroaching on China now, China won’t go to war – Australia Proves (% class="MsoNormal" %) FT 9/14 (Foreign Times, US and Australia tighten military ties, [[http:~~/~~/www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/11a19e2a-dee6-11e0-9130-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1Y0RiR7a1>>http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/11a19e2a-dee6-11e0-9130-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1Y0RiR7a1]]) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) China’s military has repeatedly warned Washington not to (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) , China is not going to express concern.” (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ No Link – China Only Cares about Middle Eastern Oil (% class="MsoNormal" %) Ford, 3-2-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Peter, staff writer for CSM (Libya unrest tests China's interests in the Middle East, Christian Science Monitor, [[http:~~/~~/www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-Pacific/2011/0302/Libya-unrest-tests-China-s-interests-in-the-Middle-East>>http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-Pacific/2011/0302/Libya-unrest-tests-China-s-interests-in-the-Middle-East]], MCL) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) China’s key concerns in the Middle East are (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) help ensure the security of any regional allies. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ Non-Unique – HR, Taiwan, and Deficit All Overwhelm the Plan (% class="MsoNormal" %) Tai-Hwan, Sejong Institute (Seoul) Asian Studies Program director and senior research fellow, 09 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Lee, president of the Korean Association of Area Studies, Korea Herald, Sino-U.S. relations critical for peace building in Asia, February 6, Lexis] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Challenges to Sino-U.S. (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) prominent roles in countering terrorism and global warming. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~_~_~_ Turn – only plan solves AQAP Attacks on Saudi Oil Fields (% class="MsoNormal" %) Murphy, independent journalist based in Riyadh, 10 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Caryle, former Washington Post reporter, AQAP’s Growing Security Threat to Saudi Arabia Jun 03, Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting (1990)] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) AQAP is now a major security threat to (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) they are threatening…This is their danger.” (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ Supply shocks risk Asian conflicts (% class="MsoNormal" %) Halloran, former New York Times foreign correspondent in Asia and military correspondent in Washington, ‘8 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Richard, South China Morning Post, 2-13, lexis] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) A fresh assessment of Asia's energy outlook asserts (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) be the cause of hostilities across the region. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Jobs N/U (% class="MsoNormal" %) Jobs Agenda is Dead – Multiple Warrants (% class="MsoNormal" %) The Washington Post, staff, 11-4-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Rosalind S. Helderman, U.S. Senate blocks $60 billion infrastructure plan, http:~/~/www.denverpost.com/nationworld/ci_19261415] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The Senate shot down another piece of President (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) impasse with a Nov. 23 deadline looming. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ No deal – politics trumps agreement (% class="MsoNormal" %) Sydney Morning Herald 11-5-11 [Simon Mann, Tide of history may run out for Obama, http:~/~/www.smh.com.au/world/tide-of-history-may-run-out-for-obama-20111104-1mzwj.html#ixzz1clFb2akr] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Wait on. The election is still a (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) 9 trillion America owes the world linger still. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ Status quo solves – Jobs Report Proves (% class="MsoNormal" %) NYT 11-4-11 [Report Shows Gain in Jobs but Growth Still Sluggish, By CATHERINE RAMPELL, http:~/~/www.nytimes.com/2011/11/05/business/economy/us-added-80000-jobs-in-october.html?_r=1&pagewanted=print] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The United States economy created a modest number (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) double-dip recession are lower at least.” (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ Obama has no capital and doesn’t know how to use (% class="MsoNormal" %) Chicago Tribune 10-12-11 [Clarence Page, Barack Obama's lonely presidency, http:~/~/articles.chicagotribune.com/2011-10-12/news/ct-oped-1012-page-20111012_1_obama-supporters-obama-barnstormed-president-barack-obama] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Most damaging to Obama's narrative is Wilson's depiction (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) too cautious" and "pre-compromised." (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ Turn – Plan’s massively popular – zero opposition (% class="MsoNormal" %) CSM, 6-15-11 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Howard LaFranchi, Staff writer, US covert attacks in Yemen: A better template for the war on terror?] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The new campaign follows US concerns about a (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) concerns about Libya would suddenly be quite different." (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ Turn – Congress backs the plan (% class="MsoNormal" %) Al-Azaki ‘10 (% class="MsoNormal" %) (Mohammed, "Closely Observing Country's Situation, US Administration to Give Hand to Yemen," YemenPost, April 10, access via google cache: [[http:~~/~~/webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:XeyiEgNtZ3YJ:www.yemenpost.net/Detail123456789.aspx%3FID%3D3%26SubID%3D1177%26MainCat%3D6+Closely+Observing+Country%27s+Situation,+US+Administration+to+Give+Hand+to+Yemen%22&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us>>http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:XeyiEgNtZ3YJ:www.yemenpost.net/Detail123456789.aspx%3FID%3D3%26SubID%3D1177%26MainCat%3D6+Closely+Observing+Country%27s+Situation,+US+Administration+to+Give+Hand+to+Yemen%22&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us]], access 9-30-11) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The American delegation’s visit came shortly after discussions (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) empowering the terrorist groups in Yemen and Somalia. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Canada (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~__ The plan would be a shift to a more comprehensive approach – that’s critical to successful international cooperation (% class="MsoNormal" %) Boyle and Scmid ‘9 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by the The New Ideas Fund, 2009, http:~/~/www.newideasfund.org/proposals/NIF_Global%20Compact.pdf] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) One of the greatest challenges currently facing the (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) have bedevilled counter-terrorism cooperation thus far. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) ~_~_~_~_ This shift is critical to larger multilateral cooperation – there is a unique spillover effect (% class="MsoNormal" %) Boyle and Scmid 09 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by The New Ideas Fund] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The war on terror has failed to become (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) more difficult than it would have otherwise been. (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) Only multilateral cooperation prevents great power wars that make extinction inevitable (% class="MsoNormal" %) Dyer, former senior lecturer in war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, 04 (% class="MsoNormal" %) [Gwynne, The End of War, The Toronto Star, p. lexis, 12/30] (% class="MsoNormal" %) (% class="MsoNormal" %) The "firebreak" against nuclear weapons use (% class="MsoNormal" %) AND (% class="MsoNormal" %) then history will repeat itself and everybody loses. (% class="MsoNormal" %)

  
  
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Wake 1AC

• Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  
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• Observation I: Terrorism

  _ Al Qaeda is regrouping in Yemen – gearing up for new attacks
  Al-Arashi ‘11 [Fakhri Al-Arashi, Publisher & Chief Editor “Yemen Gives Wounded Al Qaeda A Chance To Regroup”, National Yemen, http://nationalyemen.com/2011/06/07/yemen-gives-wounded-al-qaeda-a-chance-to-regroup/, June 6, 2011]

  War in Yemen would hand al Qaeda’s boldest
  AND
  support the group through al-iman university. 

  AQAP Physical Strong; wants to attack US even more
  Stewart, 10-6
  [Scott Stewart, Stratfor Global Intelligence, “Yemen: Fallout from the al-Awlaki Airstrike”, http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/20111005-yemen-fallout-al-awlaki-airstrike?utm_source=freelist-f&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=20111006&utm_term=sweekly&utm_content=readmore&elq=8660a4136d144954b1fe85c0961a578f,  10-6-2011, Date Accessed 10-6-2011]

  This brings us to the ideas of leadership
  AND
  , despite the loss of two ideological leaders.

  We’ll isolate several impact scenarios.
  First, WMD Terrorism.

  _ Al Qaeda is on the verge of massive WMD attacks with CBWS and nukes –intel prove they have the capability
  Blake et al. 11 [Heidi Blake et al. is an investigative reporter for The Daily Telegraph. She was nominated for Young Journalist of the Year and Scoop of the Year in the 2010 British Press Awards Daily Telegraph, “WikiLeaks: al-Qaeda 'is planning a dirty bomb'”, February 2011, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/wikileaks/8296956/WikiLeaks-al-Qaeda-is-planning-a-dirty-bomb.html]
  
  Al-Qaida is on the verge of
  AND
  potential to cause “extraordinary loss of life”.
  _ AQAP is close to engaging in nuclear terrorism and is also seeking CBWs

  Grossman, Global Security Newswire staffer, 6-10-11
  [Elaine, GSN, “Panetta: Yemeni Support for Counterterrorism Persists, Despite Instability,” http://gsn.nti.org/gsn/nw_20110610_2715.php]

  Adm. Michael Mullen, chairman of the
  AND
  shown interest in obtaining chemical and biological weapons.

  _ Nuclear terrorism causes extinction
  Sid-Ahmed, political analyst, 04
  [Mohamed, Al-Ahram Weekly On-Line, http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/705/op5.htm, August 26 – September 1, 2004]

  We have reached a point in human history
  AND
  whole planet, we will all be losers.

  _ CBW attacks cause extinction
  John D. Steinbruner, Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution, and Vice Chair, Committee on International Security and Arms Control, National Academy of Sciences, 12/22/1997 (“Biological Weapons: A Plague Upon All Houses” – Foreign Policy) p. lexis

  Although human pathogens are often lumped with nuclear
  AND
  this sort but not necessarily its outer limit.

  Second is India.
  _ AQAP will launch attacks on India
  Roychowdhury 9/6 [Gen. Shankar Roychowdhury is a former Chief of Army Staff and a former member of Parliament, “India needs a 360° terror appraisal”, September 6, 2011, Deccan Chronicle, http://www.deccanchronicle.com/editorial/dc-comment/india-needs-360%C2%B0-terror-appraisal-659]

  . In this context, Al Qaeda and
  AND
  threats as well and exercise the requisite caution. 

  _ A new terrorist attack sparks Indo-pak nuclear war and causes extinction
  Zarate ’11 [Juan C. Zarate, Sunday, February 20, 2011, “An alarming South Asia powder keg”, Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/18/AR2011021805662.html]

  In 1914, a terrorist assassinated Archduke Franz
  AND
  be the greatest threat we face from terrorism. 

  Modeling Advantage
  _ Plan is modeled in other counter-insurgency operations – including Afghanistan
  Mitchell, Foreign Service Officer with USAID, 11
  [Robert, "Yemen: Testing a New Coordinated Approach to Preventive Counterinsurgency," Small Wars Journal, August 1, smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/yemen-testing-a-new-coordinated-approach-to-preventive-counterinsurgency]

  An American-designed strategy attempts to link
  AND
  this country will be aborted or significantly amended.

  _ Successful Afghani National Police key to stability
  Caldwell, Lieutenant General, and Finney, Captain Commanding General of the NATO Training Mission in Afghanistan and Strategist serving with the NATO Training Mission, 11
  [William and Nathan, , "Building Police Capacity in Afghanistan: The Challenges of a Multilateral Approach," National Defense University, Prism2, No. 1,  www.ndu.edu/press/building-police-capacity-in-afghanistan.html]

  Successful counterinsurgency operations and the transition of security
  AND
  critical to the peace and stability of Afghanistan. 

  _ Collapse of Afghanistan spills over to Pakistan and goes nuclear
  Morgan, former member of the British Labour Party National Executive Committee, 7
  [Stephen, Author, Political Analyst and Psychologist, "Better another Taliban Afghanistan, than a Taliban NUCLEAR Pakistan!?" YoursDaily, June 3, www.yoursdaily.com/different_views/better_another_taliban_afghanistan_than_a_taliban_nuclear_pakistan]

  However events may prove him sorely wrong.
  AND
  with China and Russia pitted against the US. 

  Plan

  The United States Federal Government should increase support for civil law enforcement in Yemen.  We reserve the right to clarify.  You got questions, ask.
  Solvency
  _ Only law enforcement solves- studies and experts agree that law enforcement is key to short and long term success against AQAP
  Knoetgne ’11 [Peter Knoetgne, Central European Journal of International & Security Studies, “Chaos and Terrorism: How to Fight al-Qaeda in Yemen Amid Political Turmoil”, May 16, 2011, http://www.cejiss.org/columns/chaos-and-terrorism-how-fight-al-qaeda-yemen-amid-political-turmoil, ]

  Within a diplomatic context, the US should
  AND
  experts providing cultural, regional and international expertise. 

  Civil Law Enforcement Ends the Current CIA Approach
  The Observer 10-5-11 [Mel Flanagan, Professor calls killing of al-Qaeda leader 'illegal', http://www.ndsmcobserver.com/news/professor-calls-killing-of-al-qaeda-leader-illegal-1.2630698]

  The killing of al-Qaeda leader Anwar
  AND
  with the hostage-taker," she said. 

  _ Security forces have deteriorated – they have lost mission focus and the rule of law has collapsed

  Green, fellow at The Washington Institute, 6-24-11
  [Daniel, The al-Qaeda Crescent in Yemen, http://www.lebanonwire.com/1106MLN/11062404WI.asp]

  Even before the current unrest in Sana'a,
  AND
  intimidates security forces, and weakens local government. 

  _ Governmental repression from the security forces increases recruitment for al Qaeda
  Difo, policy analyst for counterterrorism at the American Security Project, ‘10
  [Germain, Yemen and U.S. Security, June, http://americansecurityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Yemen-and-US-Security-Re-Release.pdf]

  The Saleh government has largely failed to effectively
  AND
  to their security and well-being.7

  _ Only US action solves – key to reverse Anti-Americanism, critical to defeating AQAP
  Green ’11 (Daniel Green, Soref fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, focusing on Yemen, al-Qaeda, counterinsurgency, and stability operations, “The American Moment in Yemen”, http://fikraforum.org/2011/04/the-american-moment-in-yemen/, April 18, 2011, LEQ)

  If the United States adopts a new approach
  AND
  which to launch attacks against the United States.
  _ The plan solves terrorism better than the military option

  Boyle and Schmid ‘9 [A Global Compact for Counter-Terrorism: Towards a Robust Multilateral Counter-Terrorism Regime Dr. Michael J. Boyle and Professor Alex P. Schmid Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence University of St. Andrews Sponsored by the The New Ideas Fund, 2009, http://www.newideasfund.org/proposals/NIF_Global%20Compact.pdf]

  The first model is characterized by police work
  AND
  higher on the agenda of counter-terrorism.

  _ Democracy Assistance to MENA will increase

  POMED 10-12-11
  [Project on Middle East Democracy, Strengthening Arab Democracy: U.S. Assistance after the Uprisings, http://pomed.org/strengthening-arab-democracy-u-s-assistance-after-the-uprisings/, notes: Leslie Campbell, Regional Director for the Middle East and North Africa at the National Democratic Institute; POMED Executive Director Stephen McInerney]

  McInerney spoke about budget concerns, saying that
  AND
  , democracy assistance to the region will increase.

  _ State focus on the Middle East now

  BBC 10-21-11 [Mark Mardell, Gaddafi killed: A new kind of US foreign policy success, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-15393497]

  But let's not go over the top.
  AND
  the success or failure of Barack Obama's policy.

  _ Non-unique: pledge to aid to Libya - yesterday

  Democracy Digest 10-20-11 [With Gadhafi’s end, Libya’s power struggle begins, http://www.demdigest.net/blog/2011/10/with-gadhafis-end-libyas-power-struggle-begins/]

  “One year ago, the notion of
  AND
  US assistance to facilitate the country’s democratic transition.

  
  
  

• Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
  
  
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