1NC – Fiat & Demands Framework

(A) Intepretation – The Affirmative must defend US Federal government action or a demand for US Federal government Action – they should read a plan that defends this. We have resolutional basis for this:

1. ―Resolved‖ before a colon reflects a legislative forum Army Officer School, ‗4 (5-12, ―# 12, Punctuation – The Colon and Semicolon‖, http://usawocc.army.mil/IMI/wg12.htm) The colon introduces … That this council petition the mayor.

2. USFG is the national government in DC.

Encarta Online Encyclopedia, 2k

(http://encarta.msn.com) ―The federal government of the United States is centered in Washington DC‖

3. Should means that there is a practical reason for the USFG to do something.

WordNet in ‗97

Princeton University, 1.6 Should v 1 : be expected to: ―Parties should be fun‖ 2 : expresses an emotional, practical, or other reason for doing something: ―You had better put on warm clothes‖; ―You should call your mother-in-law‖; “The State ought to repair bridges‖ [syn: had better, ought]

(

B) Violations –

(C) Reasons to Prefer –

1. Predictable Ground – There are hundreds of theoretical investigations of the resolution and debate in general. The Negative can‘t be prepared for the litany of philosophical positions the AFF can take that are disconnected from considerations of specific actions or demands on the USFG. Fair division of ground is necessary for meaningful switch-side debate – this is important for moral tolerance and education.

2. Grammar – Grammatically, the only way you can interpret ―United States Federal Government should‖ is a policy established by governmental means. Ericson, ‗3 (Jon M., Dean Emeritus of the College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., et al., The Debater‘s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4) The Proposition of Policy: Urging Future Action In policy propositions, each topic contains certain key elements, although they have slightly different functions from comparable …future action that you propose.

Grammar is the gateway to all other standards – Predictability is impossible if we do not establish what the resolution means.

And, fair division of ground is necessary for meaningful switch-side debate – switch-side debating cultivates a civic attitude which threatens fundamentalism and turns debate into a training ground for progressive politics.

Mitchell et al. 07

(Gordon, Eric English, Stephen Llano, Catherine E. Morrison, John Rief, and Carly Woods, Pitt Comm Studies Grad Students, Gordon Mitchell is an Associate Comm Studies Professor @ Pitt, Communication & Critical/Cultural Studies 4)

The problem for Greene…weapon of mass destruction.‘‘

2. The best middle ground – You can still run the 1AC arguments if you link them to government action or a demand on the government. If the arguments criticize the resolution, they can be run on the Neg.

(D) Voting Issue – Fairness and Education.

Limits on what can be debated protect subversion and meaningful debate.

Shively, 2K

(Former Assistant Politics Professor – Texas A&M, Partisan Politics and Political Theory, pp. 181-4, We have the full text of the card if you want to see it) At the very least, we … and other forms of tyranny.

(__) Extra-Topicality is a Voting Issue -- The Affirmative‘s claims lie outside of the questions posed by the resolution. Extra-topicality uniquely prevents fair debate, since the negative can never predict the extra-topical advocacies of the affirmative and it allows the affirmative to spike negative arguments.

1NC

The affirmatives particular politics can never build the universal collation to challenge capitalism - the affirmative is the end of all real politics
 Slavoj Zizek. 2001. Have Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri Rewritten the Communist manifesto for the Twenty-First Century? Rethinking Marxisim. No. ¾ http://lacan.com/zizek-empire.htm

Today we see the…spark in it worth saving..

Their academic criticism is one that inevitabloy gives into cultural “studies chic” and makes their activism simply apart of living a cozy life in the towers of academia – they fit perfect with the vision of global capital

Zizek 02 (Slavoj, professor of philosophy at the Institute for Sociology, Ljubljana, Revolution at the Gates, pg 167-172)

If standard Cultural Studes criticize…”radical” American academia.

Capital accelerates violence threatening extinction.

Meszaros 95 (Istvan, Philosophy professor at Sussex University, “Beyond Captial: Toward a Theory of Transition” P 115)

Yet, despite the intellectual…combined on a global scale.

We have an ethical responsibility to reject capitalism

Zizek and Daly 2004 (Slavoj and Glyn, Coversations with Zizek, http://www.lacan.com/zizek-daly.htm)

For Zizek it is…an otherwise sound matrix.

The alternative is to completely withdraw from the ideology of capital

The alternatives allow us to see through the ideological fantasides that inform the plan

Johnson 4 (Adrian, PhD Emory University, “The Cynic’s Fetish: Slavoj Zizek and the Dynamics of Belief” Psychoanalysis, Culture, and Society (2004)9, 259-283, Scribd)

Perhaps the absence of a….I choose fetishism”).

Block

Our violence is nothing compared to that of the capitalist system.

Zavarzadeh 94 (Mas’us, Transformation: Marxist Boundary Work in Theory, “The Stupidity that Consumption is Just as Productive as Production” The Alternative Orange Vol. 4, No. 1, Fall/Winter, 1994-1995)

What is obscured in this….are aimed at arriving at a consensus by

Black liberation theology is concerned about what happens in the material world and should be focused on political action

Corbett 99

Michael Politics and Religion in the United States p. 309

The them of liberation has…in this world.

Their celebration of the excluded cultural Other is really a victory for Capitalism- it may appear as a new universality but in reality it is a particularity that informs capitalism’s will.

Yegenoglu, 03 (Postern Culture, 19:2)

Slavoj Zizek, in his…of the globe.

Regardless of the results - our alternative allows us to be truly alive

Zizek 3 (Slavoj, The Puppet and the Dwarf)

This excessive “taking sides,”…or strictly controlled.10

Class oppression is uniquely terrible - and structures other forms of oppression

Kovel 02 (Alger, Prof of social studies at Bard, Fellow at John Guggenheim foundation, The Enemy of Nature, pages 123-124)

If, however, we ask the question…cannot be conjured away.

Capitalism is destroys agency

Wright 6 (Eric, professor of sociology at UW-Madison, Envisioning Real Utopias, http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~wright/Published%20writing/Taking%20the%20social.pdf)

This market and property….realization of this value.

The rhetorical and ideological frame of Social Death only entrenches individuals in inescapable despair.

Brown 09 (Vincent; AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW DECEMBER 2009 http://history.fas.harvard.edu/people/faculty/documents/brown-socialdeath.pdf)

Slavery and Social Death was…decidedly toward despair.

The affirmative frames this debate about who does the best job of evaluating social death - the rhetoric and methodology of the 1AC is inherently flawed. Agency and culture are tools to be manipulated as a form of political resistance.

Brandom 10 (EricBrown v Agamben V. Brown, ‘Social Death and Political Life in the Study of Slavery’, The American Historical Review, 114, (2009) pp 1231-1249.

This essay is most straightforwardly a…that he is entirely correct.

Positing every person experiencing “Social Death” as hopeless pays homage to the forms of violence and oppression they seek to prevent while precluding liberation. Don’t let “socially dead” become an individual'

Muhwati 05

Itai Muhwati, University of Zimbabwe, http://ir.uz.ac.zw:8080/jspui/bitstream/10646/515/1/Muwati-Mass-Neurosis.pdf

The African image in…helplessness and mass neurosis.

We should take a stand against prison-industrial complex

And our advocacy should be understood as part of an intellectual struggle against the racialized practices that justify colonialism, imperialism and fascism, and hence allow for the existence of the prison system. A failure to confront contemporary displays of the state’s history of sovereign domination threatens the entire world.

Nikhil singh 2006,

Professor of History at the Universty of Washington,

South atlantic Quarterly “The afterlife of fascism”

The philosopher Giorgio Agamben has. . .  placed the entire world in danger.

We must seek to understand imprisonment as a practice of social ordering that creates the conditions underwhich exceptional examples of US domination can occur.

Dylan Rodriquez, Professor University of California Riverside, November 2007

Kritika Kultura “American Globality and the U.S. prison regime: state violence and white supremacy from Abu Graib to Stockton to Bagong Diwa” Available online at http://www.ateneo. edu/ateneo/www/UserFiles/121/docs/KK09.pdf

To consider the U.S. prison. . . simultaneously mobilized, proliferating, and global.

Our focus on a kritik of the white supremacist prison system allows an understanding of the ways in which difference is produced and regulated across the entire reach of the united states. This is key to ending the practices that manage and enslave people of color all over the world.

Dylan Rodriquez, Professor University of California Riverside, November 2007

Kritika Kultura “American Globality and the U.S. prison regime: state violence and white supremacy from Abu Graib to Stockton to Bagong Diwa” Available online at http://www.ateneo. edu/ateneo/www/UserFiles/121/docs/KK09.pdf