The juridical war language of their impact claims mask the species war at the foundation of the law.
Kochi 9
species war: law, violence, and animals”, 353-359In everyday speech … resides species war, LIBERAL PEACE THEORY IS BUILT ON A DISCURSIVE SEPARATION BETWEEN THE CIVILIZED AND THE BARBARIAN. Buchan 02 Bruce Buchan  B Arts (Hons), M Arts, PhD winner of B Arts (Hons), M Arts, PhD Senior Lecturer, School of Humanities Senior Lecturer, School of Humanities “Explaining War and Peace: Kant and Liberal IR Theory” Alternatives v. 27
The assumption in liberal IR theory...distinction between war and crime.

and, the impact is an unending political genocide which captures the apparatus of life and death
Kochi and ordan 2k8
An argument for the global suicide of humanity”, vol 7, no 4
Within the picture … is an “external Treblinka.”

rejection enables an understanding of the species-being that solves the ethical exceptionalism of their survival politics
Hudson 4
The Political Animal: Species-Being and Bare Life, meditations journal 

We are all equally … politics and society? 

Block Cites
AND, refusal of extinction in the name of survival abandons the incommunicable forms of life. the only ethical move is that which refuses to abandon bare life
Dr. Noys 2K7 Benjamin, Professor Literature/Critical Theory at Chichster University, The Culture of Death, 96-97]
Agamben is arguing that there is no forget our exposure to death

THE US GOVERNMENT HAS BEEN COMMITTING ORCHESTRATED THE ANNUAL ANNIHILATION OF MILLIONS OF BIRDS AND ENCOURAGES PRIVATE FARMERS TO DO THE SAME.
CSM 1/20 http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Society/2011/0120/Bye-Bye-Blackbird-USDA-acknowledges-a-hand-in-one-mass-bird-death
It's not" fallout from a secret US weapon lab... efficiently and out of sight Agamben. 2004 Professor of Philosophy at the , the  in Paris, and the  in Saas-Fee, Switzerland. The Open: Man and Animal.  15-16
It is hardly necessary to mention... separates us from the animals

The delineation of the foreigner is a move of the anthropological machine that creates a zone of indistinction surrounding the human/inhuman binary Giorgio Agamben
2004 Professor of Philosophy at the , the  in Paris, and the  in Saas-Fee, Switzerland.The Open: Man and Animal. 37

The contradiction that... be able to stop them

AND, THEIR LIBERALISM ENSURES A WEAK FORM OF NONHUMAN INCLUSION THAT CAUSES SUBORDINATION UNDER THE GUISE OF CONSIDERATION
STEINER 2K10 gary, prof philosophy at Bucknell, Anthropocentrism and its Discontents, 201-4] 

The claims of liberalism are significant,... beings and the rest of nature.
ONLY THE ALT ALONE CAN SOLVE - REFORMISM FAILS.
Best 6 (Steven, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Texas El Paso, “Revolutionary Environmentalism: An Emerging New Struggle for Total Liberation” 2006) George W. Bush’s feel-good talk of progress and democracy... as the root of the problems. 

AND, THE JUSTIFICATION OF THE PLAN UPON LIBERAL PEACE THEORY AND ITS CIVILIZATIONAL DISCOURSE ENSURES THE ENDLESS CONTINUATION OF LEGITIMATE VIOLENCE WHICH COMPLETELY CAPTURES THE APPARTUSES OF LIFE AND DEATH.
KOCHI 2K9
[tarik, lecturer in law and international security @ U of Sussex, Doctorate in Law from Griffith, “species war: law, violence, and animals”, ‘law, culture, and the humanities’, 353-359]
This reflection need not be seen as carried out by every individual... thus a critic of war's normalization. 

REPRESENTATIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAST ARE DEPENDENT ON WESTERN NOTIONS OF SECURITY THAT REFLECT IMPERIALISTIC INTERESTS. BILGIN 2K5

Pinar, , Prof. of IR @ Bilkent, , (Regional Security in the Middle East, p. 125)

Throughout the twentieth century….. into analyses on regional security in the Middle East.
AND, THESE SECURITY POLITICS CAUSE SERIAL POLICY FAILURE.  Dillon and Reid 2k < [Alternatives vol. 25, issue 1, spring, EbscoHost 

As a precursor to global … problematized by it

AND, THE AFFIRMATIVE'S IMPACT CLAIMS ENGAGE IN A FORM OF HISTORICAL AMNESIA WHICH GUARANTEES PLANETARY ANNIHILATION. SPANOS 2K8  
[William V., Professor of English at Binghamton University, State University of New York, American Exceptionalism in the Age of Globalization: The Specter of Vietnam, , p. ix-x]
In this book I...rethinking the very idea of America.

*BENJAMIN - DIVINITY MODULE
AND, THE AFFIRMATIVE UNITES THE DEFENSE OF BIOPOLITICAL REASON WITH THE TRANSCENDENT IDEALS OF CHRISTIANITY – WHAT RESULTS IS A FORM OF BIOPOLITICAL DOUBLE – JEOPARDY,
DILLON 2007 [Michael, Governing Terror: The State of Emergency of Biopolitical Emergence, International Political Sociology, 2007, 1, 1, pg 7-28, ebscohost]

A further twist to this becoming-dangerous of Being is added by the... Christian idioms. (Benjamin 1998). 

REJECTING THE AFF’S CONCEPT OF DEMOCRACY AND POLITICIZING BARE LIFE IS THE BEST STRATEGY OF RESISTANCE.
Hussain and Ptacek 2K0
Nasser and Melissa, Professor of Law, Jurisprudence and Social Thought at Amherst University, Law &amp; Society Review, Vol 34, No 2, JStor]
As Agamben says:...its politicization of bare life.  

AND, ONLY TOTALLY ESCHEWING THE LOGIC OF SECURITY SOLVES.
 NEOCLEOUS 8.
 Mark, Prof. of Critique of Political Economy @ Brunel, Critique of Security, 185-6]

The only way out of such a dilemma, … be brave enough to return the gift."'

The affirmative’s fear of death, of bodily destruction, represses the deeper existential anxiety by constantly externalizing or finding causes of our discomfort with the worldPark 2k6
James, “Our Existential Predicament: Loneliness, Depression, Anxiety, &amp; Death”, p. 123-124
When our free-floating … danger or problem

AND, THIS CONFRONTATION WITH ANXIETY OUTWEIGHS THEIR EXTINCTION SCENARIOS BECAUSE DESTRUCTION HAS ALREADY occurred IN THE INNER-SPACE.
davis 2k1 walter a., derascination: historocity, hiroshima, and the tragic imperative, p. 103-4
We begin with an effort to describe what is the deepest experience—the one most deeply denied. Catastrophic anxiety is that fear that haunts us from within,7… because the breakdown has already occurred.8

in response to the 1ac, we advocate that the judge engage existential anxiety essentially. the affirmative’s concern with escalating war is more than a pragmatic concern. it is an expression of existential anxiety. we ought to refuse politically polemic contestation in favor of an existential realization of anxiety.  
SWAZO 2K2
Norman k, “Worth Order and Crisis Theory: Heideggerian Reflections, 12-3
Such philosophical work is a focus clearly… normative basis for our values we can hope to overcome the destructive proliferation of violently opposing ways of life.3’

*PRE-SHIRLEY 2NC/1NR cites
NEW LINK – THE CATEGORICAL PRIVLEDGING OF EMPIRICS REPRESSES ONTOLOGICAL ANXIETY ABOUT DEATH. ONLY AN ESSENTIAL EMBRACE OF ANXIETY CAN ENGAGE DEATH IN AN AUTHENTIC WAY.
Park 2k6
James, “Our Existential Predicament: Loneliness, Depression, Anxiety, &amp; Death”, p. 205, Professor of Religious Studies and Ethics at University of Minnesota]

Instead of proclaiming the empirical certainty...greater than the empirical certainty of biological death

DISPLACED EXISTENTIAL ANXIETY LOWERS COGNITIVE COMPLEXITY AT ALL DECISION MAKING LEVELS
HYMANS 6
[Jacques, e. c., “the psychology of nuclear proliferation: identity, emotions, and foreign policy”, p. 31, assistant professor of International Relations at the University of Southern California]
In particular, fear has several... producing quick final action.

ONTOLOGY COMES FIRST - POSITIVIST POLITICAL SCIENCE INEXTRICABLY RELIES ON THEIR ONTOLOGICAL ASSUMPTIONS. ONLY THE ALTERNATIVE'S EXPERIENCE OF ANXIETY CAN RESIST THEIR CALCULATIVE THOUGHT.
SWAZO 2k2
norman k., prof. philosophy and biomedical ethics, u of fairbanks alaska, crisis theory and world order scholarship: heideggerian reflections, p. 75-6]  
World order studies are, properly speaking, non-philosophical BEARS</ins></em><ins>&nbsp;</ins></strong>upon contemporary world order thinking

REPRESENTATION IS THE MOST IMPORTANT QUESTION IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS. THE WAY WE FRAME POLITICS CREATES THE ONTOLOGIES THAT PREVENT OR SANCTION EVERY TYPE OF VIOLENCE.

DER DERIAN 2K2
[james, professor of international relations at brown university,;“the war of networks”, theory and event, 5:4
Without falling into the trap... science, practice semiology.

INTERNAL LINK TURN: THE AFFIRMATIVE’S ATTEMPT TO CREATE STABLE SUBJECTIVITY IS WHAT CAUSES TO THE POWER-DRIVEN ESCALATORY NUCLEAR POLITICS THEY SEEK TO RECTIFY
Wyschogrod 90 [edith, professor of philosophy at Rice,&nbspSpirit in Ashes: Hegel, Heidegger, and Man-Made Mass Death, pg. 29]

We can gain additional perspective... war lie along the same gradient. 

their extinction scenarios are a relationship with death as work that makes extinction-level violence possible
Davis 2k1
walter a., walter a., professor emeritus of comparative literature at ohio state, derascination: historocity, hiroshima, and the tragic imperative, p. 109-10]
In mania the most violent... the need for self-undoing.

at: perm
EACH INSTANCE TO PURSUE EXISTENTIAL FREEDOM IS UNIQUE.
Park 2k6
[James, “Our Existential Predicament: Loneliness, Depression, Anxiety, &amp; Death”, p.22]  
After this period of the initial inflooding of Existential Freedom...constant renewal of existential freedom

DA - Fallen Others
THE PERM SACRIFICES THOUGHT IN THE NAME OF A PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT WHICH DIVESTS US FROM OURSELVES.
Pianalto 2k2
[matt, professor of philosophy at u of Arkansas, “What do I do now: Heidegger and Existential Anxiety”, p. 5, dec. 9]
The problem with publicness...reveals to Dasein about itself. 

1nc - Anthro (on the wiki)

Polyarchy K

-The aff’s so called democracy assistance promotes a polyarchic society, depoliticizes resistance to hegemonic exploitation. The transition to “democracy” is only a means to maintain U.S. interests and ensures elite control

Yaylaci 2007

Ismail, A democratic realist foreign policy, google, political science and international relations

The hegemonic order operates…is aiming to promote.

-U.S. democracy assistance fosters growing social inequity based on the convalescence of a form of hegemony and that depoliticizes social conditions in favor of structural political change forcing new populations into social cleansing and destroy the globe.

Robinson 1996

William, promoting polyarchy: globalization, us intervention, and hegemony, pg 376-7

The dramatic worldwide increase in poverty…feature of the new world order?

-And the 1ac is an act of intellectual production with proports to give an objective, value-neutral description of events towards the end of increasing democracy assistance. This focus on structural policy change a unique historic bloc which allows debaters as expert legitimizers to use the backwards linkage between academia and policy to solidify exploitative hegemony through self-deceptive ideology.

The alternative is an act of performing critique by rejecting the 1ac

Robinson 1996

William, promoting polyarchy: globalization, us intervention, and hegemony, pg 41-44

intellectual production cannot be separated from…effectively carrying out this intervention.

---2nc Turns the Case

-Extend our yaylaci 2007 evidence; by extending the ruse of democratic assistance, the aff ensures the perpetuation of a gramscian hegemony, securing u.s. interests by forcibly explorting a particular democratic model which ensures control is in the hands of elites. All of the affirmative’s rhetoric of democratizing is just a cover for the promotion of a polyarchy which ensures a more violent and co-optive response to all democratic resistance.

-And that turns the case because that type of hegemonic control ensures expansive u.s. imperialism and precludes substantive political change by consolidating a historic bloc in which democratic ideology sustains economic exploitation causes political upheavals.

Harris 1999

Jerry, review: robinson’s promoting polyarchy, cyRev, Issue 6, Spring/Summer, p. Google.

Hegemony is that of a “social relation which binds…engender political upheavals.

-And democratic assistance is a guise for more neoliberal social ordering programs which are originally the cause of the discontent that made revolution necessary – that turns the case

Armbrust 2011

Watler, the revolution against neoliberalism,

the Egyptian and Tunisian revolutions potentially…(may you be next).

---2nc Link Cards

-And U.S. funding of ngos creates a network of elite-funded activists which interests directly competing with the majority of Egyptians to create a polyarchy society.

Hassan 2011

Bassem, Egypt: the continuing legacy of the Mubarak-sadat regime, al-jazerra network, june 8^th,

The business community was the main beneficiary…in Haiti and the Philippines

-And their realist principles of IR ensure perpetual domination. Their claims that we fail to engage real politics naturalizes a social ontology of perpetual violence. Only refusing both the position of the problemsolver and their realist ideology can create new methods of politicization.

Hoover 2011

Dr. joe, Egypt and the failure of realism, journal of critical globalization studies, issue 4,

Their apologia for imperial arrogance is…order of things too much.

---1nc Case

-The plan is perceived as enabling the u.s. to maintain autocratic structures of government and failing to bring democracy

Strasser 2011

Max, Egypt warns of foreign meddling as US pushes on with democracy programs.

the Egyptian government and a public stigma…real democracy in Egypt

-Any US-Backed support for secular forces backfire

Carpenter 2011

Ted Galen, What should U.S. do about Egypt? Very Little,

U.S. policymakers understandably want…death for those movements.

-No Iranian aggression

Kaye 2010

Dangerous but not Omnipotent,

exploration of Iranian strategic thinking…the United States is trying to mitigate.

--

//


//THE AFFIRMATIVE IS BUILT ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF A SUBJECTIVITY OF INNOCENCE USING THE DELINEATION BETWEEN WAR AND PEACE.

MANSFIELD 2K6

[nick, “war and its other: between bataille and derrida”, theory and event, 9:4]

with the long war of terror.... war is fought and to be fought.

SACRIFICE YOURSELF AS THE FALSELY PRESUMED INNOCENT - REFUSE TO BECOME THE BESTOWER OF PEACE.

MANSFIELD 2K6

[nick, “war and its other: between bataille and derrida”, theory and event, 9:4]

Innocence and war would be part.. innocence within, and even as it.

Rd. 1 - 

v. Iowa

1nc:

Schmitt

Polyarchy

Anthro

2nr:

Schmitt

Rd 3 -

West georgia

"Social Death"

Anthropocentrism

Durkheim

2nr: anthro

Rd 5

Michigan AL

Durkheim

Polyarchy

Schmitt

2nr: durkheim

Rd 7

Wayne

Schmitt

Human Security

Case [internet promotion -> authoritarianism]

2nr:

human security

//

////


////

////


////

////


////

////


//THE AFFIRMATIVE’S WILL TO KNOW – TO PLAY THE CORRECTIVE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION IN THE FEEDBACK LOOP OF POLICY FORMATION - INEVITABLY FAILS AND LEAVES US ALL VIDEO ZOMBIES AND PRECLUDEs RECOGNIZING THAT THE OWLS AREN’T WHAT THEY SEEM. PATTON 95

[Paul, Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Sydney, The Gulf War Did Not Take Place, p. 13-15]

However, once the live phase... democracy and the New World Order.

AND, THE AFFIRMATIVE ALLOWS EXPLOITATIVE POWER TO STAGE ITS OWN MURDER IN THE VALUE-BASED THREATRE OF DEMOCRATIC ASSISTANCE POLICY-MAKING.  CHANDLER 2K7

(Dr. David, Professor of International Relations, Centre for the Study of Democracy, University of Westminster.  ‘Baudrillard and IR’ Panel: The EU’s Promotion of Democracy in the Balkans: The Power of Simulation and the Simulation of Power.  Draft paper prepared for the British International Studies Association Annual Conference 2007 Cambridge 17-19 December.)

For Baudrillard, the framework of theoretical understanding.... perfers the discourse of crisis.

This attempt to extend the hegemony of the Western global order is doomed to failure – its implosion is inevitable and will only become more catastrophic as it expands. Baudrillard 2k7 [Jean, In the Shadow of the Silent Majorities, p.73-5]

In their triangular affinity, the masses... an implosion in slow motion. 

HEGEMONY OPERATES THROUGH THE ABSORBTION OF THE WORK OF THE NEGATIVE – the aff’s CRITICAL THOUGHT IS APORETIC AND REINFORCES ENDOGAMY. ABSORPTION OF RADICAL NEGATIVITY PUSHES HEGEMONY TOWARDS SELF-DESTRUCTION through auto-cannabalization.

Baudrillard 2k10

[jean, prof sociology, the white terror of world order, in the agony of power 59-61]

Absorbing the negative continues to be the problem ... ostensible mechanisms of its reproduction.

//

////


//

THE AFFIRMATIVE’S INCREASE IN DEMOCRACY ASSISTANCE IS JUST A NEW FORM OF EPISTEMIC HEGEMONY OVER ITS CONSTRUCTED OTHER WHICH DENIES THE ONTOLOGICAL STRUCTURING PRINCIPLE OF ENMITY
Bishai and Behnke 2K7

[Linda S. Bishai is Senior Program Officer in the Education Program at the United States Institute of Peace where she focuses on university education in international relations, conflict resolution, human rights and peace studies. Andreas Behnke is a Lecturer in the Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Reading.  Writing in The international political thought of Carl Schmitt: Terror Liberal War and the Crisis of Global Order pg 115-118]
‘The ... behavioural distinctions between liberal democracies and other...votes for the incumbent's list.

AND, THIS RESULTS IN MORE DOMINATION, WAR AND VIOLENCE. TURNS THE CASE.
Odysseos 2K7  
*Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the University of Sussex, UK (*Louiza, “The International Political Thought of Carl Schmitt: Terror, Liberal War, and the Crisis of Global Order” p. 124-26]
 Importantly, Schmitt's analysis of Westphalia as... Odysseos and Petito 2006).

THE ALTERNATIVE IS TO REJECT THE 1AC’S LIBERALISM.

THIS OPPOSITIONAL ANTAGONISM IS KEY TO AFFIRM THE ONTOLOGICAL STRUCTURING PRINCIPLE OF ENMITY. HOOKER 2K9
(Carl Schmitt’s International Thought, pg 209-211, William, professor of political theory at the London School of Economics)
In recent years, some... of the political position he presents.

HUMAN SECURITY PRODUCES POPULATIONS AND PHENOMENA TO CREATE APORIAS OF MEANING TO BE FILLED WITH GOVERNMENTALITY BY MEANS OF A SCOPIC REGIME WHICH MANAGES POTENTIAL THREATS BY PRE-EMPTIVE AGGRESSION UNDER THE GUISE OF PROMOTING HUMAN SECURITY AND DIGNITY.
Grayson 2k11
[kyle, lecturer in International Politics at Newcastle University, “human security: sovereignty and disorder” in “critical perspectives on human security: rethinking emancipation and power in international relations” ed. Chandler,  Hynek, p. 173-5]
In orthodox narratives of the genesis of human security…….. engagement anywhere in the world where human life and dignity were understood to be under threat (UNDP 1995).

AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THIS GOVERNMENTAL SCOPIC REGIME ENSURES ENDLESS ADDICTION TO TARGET SURVEILLENCE AND KILLINGS THAT BECOME THE MASCULINIZED EXTENSION OF HEGEMONIC IDEOLOGY. GRAYSON 2K11
[kyle, lecturer in International Politics at Newcastle University, “Targeted Killing and the Scopic Regime of Counter-Terrorism”]

While the centrality of vision to practices of power has been identified by the likes……… produces a form of pleasure that can be addictive for the one with privilege of viewing (Feldman 1997, p. 41).
THE ALTERNATIVE IS TO VOTE NEGATIVE TO REJECT HUMAN SECURITY. 

THE ACT OF REJECTION IS A POLITICIZATION OF THE POTENTIALITY LEFT DISCARDED AND CAPTURED BY THE AFFIRMATIVE’S HUMAN SECURITY APPROACH WHICH SECRETLY PRESERVES THE AUTHORITY WHICH PRODUCES THE CRISIS IT ATTEMPTS TO SOLVE. ONLY TOTAL REJECTION CAN SOLVE.
Alt 2k11
[suvi, professor of political science, university of Lapland, finland, “problematizing life under biopower” in “critical perspectives on human security: rethinking emancipation and power in international relations” ed. Chandler,  Hynek, 150-1]
In contrast to Doucet and de Larrinaga's chapter in this volume, which starts……… a passion for intrigue, it may be less satisfying for those looking for practical political guidance.

//


//THE ARAB SPRING DISCOURSE IS BUILT ON AN ORIENTALIST GRAMMAR WHICH PROMOTES AN ETHNOCENTRIC EVALUATION OF ANTI-AUTHORITARIAN MOVEMENTS.
MARMOT 2K11

[angry, Eyes on Egypt and the region, Orientalism, Modernity, and the Arab Spring, apr 7, p google]
A strong component of nineteenth-century … made, applied and guarded.

and, orientalist discourse employed to justify u.s. policy enables racial superiority culminating in war and genocide.

batur 2k7
[pinar vassar college, handbook of the sociology of racial and ethnic relations, “heart of violence: global racism, war, and genocide”]

Albert Memmi argued that “We have no idea … with genocide, in Darfur.

And, rejection of arab spring discourse is key to creating emancipatory geographies which challenge essentialized Oriental identities.
Kearns 2k11
[Oliver, Pambazuka News, March 31, Cote D’Ivoire, Libya, and the Arab Spring, http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/features/72169]
Virgil Hawkins, author of 'Stealth Conflicts', … a Spring across all continents.


2nc cards


EVEN TACIT ACCEPTANCE OF THEIR ARAB SPRING DISCOURSE IS AN ACT OF EXTREME INTELLECTUAL RACISM WHICH NORMALIZES IMPERIAL TAXONOMIES AND FORGETS COLONIAL VIOLENCE.



Alik Shahadah 2K5
[Owen director, African academic, writer, musician, photographer and music producer, www.itzcaribbean.com/linguistics_african.php]

The notion of some invisible … (which it annexed in antiquity).


the term arab spring is depoliticizing and homogenizes an inherently benevolent concept of liberal democracy.
Rooksby 2K11
[“Summer Here and it’s time to call the Arab Spring a Revolution,” June 14th http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/jun/14/arab-spring-revolution

But there is a rather coy quality to the media … tyranny known as Saudi Arabia.

AND, IT'S BAD. DON'T USE IT ANYMORE.

KHOURI 2K11
[rami, “drop the orientalist term ‘Arab Spring’, http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Opinion/Columnist/2011/Aug-17/Drop-the-Orientalist-term-Arab-Spring.ashx#axzz1VWpIH3H6]

A fascinating aspect of the current wave of ... Dropping the term “Arab Spring” for something more accurate is my suggested starting point.

DISCURSIVE STARTING POINT FOR CRITIQUE SOLVES.
Taylor & Hardman, 04 (Anita Taylor & M.J. Hardman, “War, Language and Gender, What New Can be Said? Framing the Issues” Women & Language, Fall2004, Vol. 27 Issue 2, p3-19, Database: Communication & Mass Media Complete)

Whatever might have caused the initial shift… upholding patriarchal hierarchies.


policymaking requires awareness about how these narratives function.
Dryzek 2006
[John S., Policy analysis as critique, Professor of Political Science and Australian Research Council Federation Fellow, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University. He is a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia, former Head of the Departments of Political Science at the Universities of Oregon and Melbourne and the Social and Political Theory program at ANU, and former editor of the Australian Journal of Political Science, Oxford Handbook of Public Policy, pg 194-5]
Narrative analysis (Roe 1994) focuses … story would be vastly different.

the 1ac's invocation of queer is a performative belonging, filtered through the non-neutral lens of race. papering over the role of race only bolsters domination and turns the aff.

THOMPSON 2K7
 [Julie M., “On the Development of Counter-Racist Quare Public Address Studies.” Queering Public Address. Ed. Charles E. Morris. Page 128-129]

The ideological pressure placed on Riggs to speak with a different voice ...

is to find community across differences."42

instead, you should quar the 1ac.

Thompson 2k

[Julie M.. “On the Development of Counter-Racist Quare Public Address Studies.” Queering Public Address. Ed. Charles E. Morris.. Page 121-123]

Those artifacts warranting inclusion ...in various public spheres.   

the aff's increase of democracy assistance as a productive relationship produces new sexual identities. it's transformative potential is a ruse for consolidating exploitative sexual fascisms.

Noys 2k8

[Benjamin, professor of ethics and philosophy ‘the end of the monarchy of sex: sexuality and contemporary nihilism”, theory, culture, and society, vol 25, 5, 104-122]

In his autobiographical work The Farewell Symphony (1998), Edmund White describes a... a mutual re-enforcement takes place.

NORMALIZED EXPRESSION OF SEXUAL DESIRE IN SPECIFIC FORMS DESTROYS THE UNIQUE EXPERIENCES OF ATTACHMENT, CO-EXISTENCE, AND PLEASURE.

Noys 2k8

[Benjamin, professor of ethics and philosophy ‘the end of the monarchy of sex: sexuality and contemporary nihilism”, theory, culture, and society, vol 25, 5, 104-122]

Michel Houellebecq has offered the most ... attachments, loves, intensities.

the affirmative's corrective political imagination however limited it may be, is the imagination of a world of apparent weakness, a denial of life and vitality as forces.

turanli 2k3

[aydan, “nietzsche and the later wittgenstein”, journal of nietzsche studies, issue 26, p. 61-2, muse]

The craving for absolutely general... out of the fly bottle.

the plan, panama, key largo, secret tunnels and the doomsday bunker. the 1ac performance, that powerful, persuasive, perhaps eloquent? speech act  might have compelled you to fill one infinitely small corner of your infinitely wide excel document but it also compels you to measure the world by its heuristic of indifference. refuse and instead, expel and conquer your own internal micro-fascisms. if not for any other reason than fighting yourself is better than fighting external opponents because we all need an enemy we can respect.

seem 83

[mark, intro to anti-oedipus, xvi-xvii]

In confronting and finally overturning...relationship with the outside world.

 role of the ballot: the ballot should not be used to judge this debate. instead you should evaluate our arguments as dramatized symptoms of our perspective towards vitality and elect that which best affirms life. their insistence on judgement in line with the best policy option is an obvious slavish denial, their abandonment of that form only confirms the initial suspicion of their weakness, it does not "not link".

smith 2k7

daniel w., deleuze and the question of desire, parrehesia, 2:66, 66-78

Now according to Deleuze...active affections in Spinoza. 

block

2nc link wall -

HUMAN EFFORTS TO ALLEVIATE SUFFERING ONLY ARE ATTEMPTS TO IMPOTENTLY MANAGE IT, LIKE TRYING TO CARRY WATER WITH CUPPED HANDS. EVEN IF THEIR CLAIMS TO RID OF US OF A FORM OF SUFFERING ARE TRUE, IT IS ONLY A TEMPORARY MEANINGLESS MOMENT. INSTEAD OF TRYING TO PERFECT THE WORLD, THE COSMOS AND OUR SUFFERING WE SHOULD LET THEM COME AT US AND EMBRACE THEIR TRAGIC HARDNESS. 

KAIN 2K7

[phillip j., “nietzsche, eternal recurrence, and the horror of existence”, journal of nietzsche studies, 33, 49-63] 

One might find all this unacceptable. After all, isn't it just obvious that we can change things, reduce suffering, improve existence, and make progress? Isn't it just obvious that modern science and technology have done so? ... Whatever progress we might think we are making in reducing suffering, whatever change we think we are bringing about, it may all amount to nothing more than a brief and accidental moment in biological time, whose imminent disappearance will finally confirm the horror and meaninglessness of existence.

THE AFF’S APPEAL TO THE JUDGE IS IN ATTEMPT TO INTERNALIZE THE SUFFERING OF THEIR IMPACT SCENARIO. PAIN AND SUFFERING ARE INHERENT CONDITIONS OF LIFE, NOT ARGUMENTS AGAINST THE ALTERNATIVE’S AFFIRMATION OF IT.

deleuze 83

[Gilles, “Nietzsche and Philosophy”, ‘The Dicethrow’, Pg 129-130]

In order to understand the nature of this invention we must assess the importance of a more general problem: what is the meaning of pain? The meaning of existence is completely dependent on it: existence is meaningful only to the extent that the pain of existence has a meaning (UM III, 5). ... tragedy dies at the same time as drama becomes an inward conflict and suffering is internalised. But who invents and wills the internal meaning of pain?

FIAT AS REACTIVE 1/1

(            ) RESSENTIMENT IS PASSIVITY THAT IS FELT BUT NOT ACTED. the plan's political solution, their imagined but not felt, always near-future tense, plan of utopian reign of the most ugly UTILITARIAN AND MORAL ANALYSIS NECESSITATES THE NEED FOR EVIL. of course the 1ar will bemoan the loss of your diligent focus on that ever so central plan(focus). but this is the weakest longing of all - the desire to reclaim the argumentative space to ever so seriously convince others of their own powers of imagination, a power hat is totally passive, felt, but not acted.

deleuze 83

[Gilles, “Nietzsche and Philosophy”, p. 117-119]

“Passivity”. In ressentiment happiness “appears essentially as a narcotic drug, rest, peace, ‘sabbath’, slackening of tension and relaxing of limbs, in short passively” (GM 110 p. 38). In Nietzsche “passive” does not mean “non-active”; “non-active” means “reactive”; but “passive” means “non-acted”. The only thing that is passive is reaction insofar as it is not acted. The term “passive” stands for the triumph of reaction, the moment when, ceasing to be acted, it becomes a ressentiment... The difference between the two measures the revolt of the slave and his triumph: “This inversion of the value- positing eye… . is of the essence of ressentiment: in order to exist, slave morality always first needs a hostile world” (GM 110 pp. 36—37). The slave needs, to set the other up as evil from the outset.

perm impossible: NIETZSCHE’S THOUGHT CANNOT BE PUT TO THE USE OF A POLITICS.

BATAILLE 37

[Georges, “Nietzsche and the fascists” in “visions of excess”, p. 184-185]

The very movement of Nietzsche’s thought implies a destruction of ... Thus it would have to be impossible to use his teachings in any given orientation.

and, all of the 2ac's hard work winning offense against the alternative completely misunderstands the nature and role of thought in our role of the ballot - only an experiential philosophy of becoming can overcome their limited imagination of political actions as ontic realities manifest within time and space. this eventual politics ignores the counter role of becoming larger and smallr simultaneously. we must be pulled in all directions at once. they've hung on too long.  

BELL 95

[Allen, "Philosophizing the Double-Bind: Deleuze Reads Nietzsche," Philosophy Today, Vol. 39, No. 4]

This notion of a non-identifiable differential element which is perhaps the most “central” notion of Deleuze's work, and he will use a number of different terms ... 

It pertains to the essence of becoming to move and pull in both directions at once: Alice does not grow without shrinking, and vice versa.24

I'm pretty sure I put these up once already. The Internet seems to have eaten that previous entry.

THE 1AC’S FAILED STATES DISCOURSE IS AHISTORICAL, CREATES COLONIAL MYTHS OF PROPER STATE GOVERNANCE BASED ON ATOMISTIC ONTOLOGIES OF EQUIVALENCE. IT FAILS AS AN EXPLANATORY METHOD AND ENTRENCHES INEQUITY.

Jones 2k8

[branwen, the global political economy of social crisis: towards a critique of the failed state ideology, dept of politics Goldsmith College, review of internal political economy, 15:2, 180-205]

Three defining features of the ‘failed states’ discourse... is legitimized and normalized.

and, failed state discourse creates perpetual others against whom to define the western norm of responsible governance.
 Hill 2k5
 [jonathon, beyond the other? a postcolonial critique of the failed state thesis, african identities, vol 3, no 42, p139-154, lecturer in defense studies at joint services command and staff college]

The state failure literature’s promotion of African states as the deviant Other stems from how it identifies ... . The identification process of failed states is therefore analytically unhelpful in explaining why states are experiencing the political, economic and social problems that have resulted in their description as failed.

REJECTION OF THEIR FAILED STATE DISCOURSE IS KEY TO CONTEST THEIR IMPERIAL MYTHS. Hill 2k5
 [jonathon, beyond the other? a postcolonial critique of the failed state thesis, african identities, vol 3, no 42, p139-154, lecturer in defense studies at joint services command and staff college]

Since the late 1980s, descriptions of African states as... only by abandoning such terms as weak state, quasi state, failed state and collapsed state can representations of African states and societies as imperfect copies of West European and North American states be countered.

2nc cites

Short-term IMPACT FRAMING CAUSES epistemological flaws.  Only with a focus shift to the long term FOCUS FOR policy BASED ON THE “failed” states THESIS can we solve the PROXIMATE CAUSES of instability. THAT LONG-TERM THINKING CONCLUDES THAT REJECTION IS BETTER THAN ANY POSSIBLE SHORT-TERM BENEFITS DERIVED FROM ITS USE.  
Bilgin and Morton ‘4

[Pinar IR @ Bilikent AND Adam David Senior Lecturer and Fellow of the Centre for the Study of Social and Global Justice IR @ Nottingham ‘4  “From ‘Rogue’ to ‘Failed’ States? The Fallacy of Short-termism” Politics 24 (3) p. Wiley Interscience/)

Calls for alternative approaches to the phenomenon of state failure are often met with the criticism that such alternatives could only work in the long term whereas 'something' needs to be done here and now. ... in relation to'failed states', the latter time frame entails reflecting on the very structural conditions shaping the problems of 'failure' raised throughout the present discussion, which will demand lasting and delicate attention from practitioners across the academy and policymaking communities alike.

NORMATIVE DIALECTICS ON DEMOCRACY ASSISTANCE LITERATURE WHICH FOCUS ON JUSTIFICATIONS ARE KEY.

LAPPIN 2K9
 [Richard, what democracy? Exploring the absent centre of postconflict democracy assistance, journal of peace, conflict, and development, issue 14, july]

However, whilst the literature on democracy assistance to post-conflict states  has   mushroomed     in recent years, very few writers have scrutinised the underlying  assumptions... ... The strategic rationale behind post-conflict democratic assistance is threefold;  encompassing security, development and human rights justifications. A review of the  key arguments in each of these domains will now be outlined.

THE FAILED STATE THESIS MASKS AND EXPLOITS COLONIAL HISTORIES IN AN AHISTORICAL CONDEMNATION OF  SUPPOSED FAILURE TO UPHOLD GOVERNMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY.  Hill 2k5 [Jonathon, beyond the other? A postcolonial critique of the failed state thesis, African identities, vol 3, no 42, p139-154, lecturer in defense studies at Joint Services Command and Staff College]

The failed state thesis relies on the assumption of a failure or unwillingness to assuse the duties of governance but this is denied by the masked colonial history which created colonial states arbitrarily and then returned independence to states not created by its inhabitants.    ...  The (in)capacity of a colonial people for self-government was no longer a legitimate reason to deny them independence and sovereign statehood. In short, most colonial territories achieved independence in the name of national self-determination despite their populations not actually constituting nations and their incapacity for self-government.    

AND FAILED STATES DISCOURSE PATHOLOGIZES ITS OBJECT AND JUSTIFIES ENDLESS LIMITLESS GENOCIDES OF THE GLOBAL PERIHPERY. MORTON 2K5
 [Adam David, ESRC Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of International Politics, University of Wales, September, “The ‘Failed State’ of International Relations” (New Political Economy, Vol. 10 No. 3, Ebsco]

This policy-making approach represents a pathological view of conditions in postcolonial states as characterised by deviancy, aberration and breakdown from  the norms of Western statehood....  Beyond the phenomenal form of state failure – with which much of the above  focus on state failure is enamoured – what needs to be given greater consideration  is how the different logics of sovereignty and capitalism are intertwined and shape  the structural conditions confronting postcolonial states. However, this is not to  recommend the view that states have a simplistically predetermined structural  position within the world economy where ‘the world-economy develops a  pattern where state structures are relatively strong in the core areas and relatively  weak in the periphery’.

WE MUST DISENGAGE FIAT AND INSTEAD AFFIRM THE INDETERMINACY OF JUDGMENT THROUGH IMAGINATIVE ACTS OF JUSTICE BEYOND THE LAW'S, READING HARRY POTTER AS AN ANALOG FOR EXTRA-LEGAL DEMOCRATIC RADICAL SKEPTICISM.

MACNEIL 2K2

[William, Fall.  BA, MA, LLB, LLM, JSD, senior lecturer in law at the Faculty of Law, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia. Teaches Jurisprudence, Criminal Law and Legal Fictions: Representations of Law in Cinema, Philosophy and Literature]

This imaginative vision is realised, as much in the novel's scenic … Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, in my opinion, may well constitute a minor classic of the law-and-literature movement.

and, harry potter provides an analogue for recognizing democracy’s internal fascisms.

yudowski 2k11

[eliezer, harry potter and the methods of rationality, page undetermined]

Twelve terrible voids floating down a metal corridor, tarnishing the metal around them, light dimmed and temperature falling as the emptiness tried to suck all life out of the world … Like it or not, Mr. Potter, you have seen this day that your own will conflicts with the will of this country’s populace, and that you do not bow your head and submit to their decision when that occurs. So to them, whether or not they know it, and whether or not you acknowledge it, you are their next Dark Lord.” 

AND, HARRY POTTER IS A SUPERIOR METHOD OF CRITIQUE WHICH FORMS A SLIPPAGE TO DISRUPT SOCIALLY CALCIFIED AND HISTORICALLY AMNESIATIC VIOLENCE BOTH MATERIALLY AND IN COMMUNICATION OF HISTORY. THE AFF'S METHOD OF DIRECT CRITIQUE ONLY SOLIDIFIES SOCIAL ANTAGONISM  

MACNEIL 2K2

[William, Fall.  BA, MA, LLB, LLM, JSD, senior lecturer in law at the Faculty of Law, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia. Teaches Jurisprudence, Criminal Law and Legal Fictions: Representations of Law in Cinema, Philosophy and Literature. “Kidlit” as “Law-and-Lit”: Harry Potter and the Scales of Justice”]

What complicates this strategy of immunisation is that, in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Hogwarts itself is exposed as always/already infected by injustice, …. the "deep denial" in which Hogwarts seems to be about its complicity. Evidencing this denial is the omission in "one thousand pages" (p. 209) of its official Hogwarts: A History, of any reference to the elves, a silence that Hermione condemns as the worst sort of revisionism, "biased" and "selective" (p. 209).

the affirmative's democracy, the city on the hill, has a funny smell to our nose. the impulse to beautify the city, to rid it of its excessive waste, to purify the waste of the population into the usable, symbolic currency of city's coffers. the 1ac purifies the city, but they would have you work tirelessly to cook shit into gold, believing themselves to be alchemists. 

LaPorte 2k0

[domnique, history of shit, MIT Press, out of print, p. undetermined, a psychoanalyst and the coauthor of Français national: Politique et practiques de la langue nationale sous la Révolution Française]

Although the city is cleansed through the elimination of dung… in the purifying value of waste- so long as it is human.

their belief in the state's ability to wipe the collective shit from the space of the city into the vast open gates beyond. through the successive purification of their solvency claims, power offers you a royal turd. their pinker, wolforth, and owen evidence are ahistorical myths which based not on money, credibility, or any symbolic value but rather to the trade of bodily fluids. secular economics are entirely fallacious - fecal economics observe the holy trinity - blood, sex, and money.

LaPorte 2k0

[dominique, history of shit, MIT Press, out of print, p. undetermined, a psychoanalyst and the coauthor of Français national: Politique et practiques de la langue nationale sous la Révolution Française]

The laws of both production and reproduction persist in subjecting the city… to rout through its citizens' waste to unearth the treasure of sedition. 

Scatology can't save you but it can tell you a little bit about bathrooms in the Balkans. Think about that.

Bjelic 2k6

[Dusan I., professor of criminology at the University of Southern Maine in Portland, "The Balkans, Europe's Cesspool", Cultural Critique, 62, 33-66]

One does not have to be religious to see the "mouth of hell" in the Balkan restrooms… Between the dark hole and the nun's face, between demonic shit and virgin purity, lies the terror of the cesspool's abyss and of confronting the "mouth of hell," our own desire. 

WE ARE UNCIVILIZED. LEAVE US ALONE.  THE AFF IS A SPACE ELEVATOR THAT ONLY GOES ONE WAY. I WOULD RATHER BE A ROCK BURIED IN THE SOIL.

the dark mountain manifesto 2k9

["uncivilization", http://www.dark-mountain.net/]

Increasingly, people are restless. … have all trained themselves not to see.

AND, THEIR BRILLIANT SOLUTIONS TO THE FACTS OF LIVING IGNORES THAT THE EARTH HAS BEEN EATEN FROM THE INSIDE . YOU SHOULD look down in admiration of how beautiful our blood and bones look streaking down the precipice AS WE FALL INTO ITS ABSENT CENTER[e].

the dark mountain manifesto 2k9

["uncivilization", http://www.dark-mountain.net/]

We imagined ourselves isolated from the source of our existence. … We believe it is time to look down.

SO, BECOME UNCIVILIZED. STOP LISTENING TO THE AFFIRMATIVE TEAM. REFUSE TO EVALUATE THEIR REMAINING SPEECHES.

the dark mountain manifesto 2k9

["uncivilization", http://www.dark-mountain.net/]

It might perhaps be just as useful to explain what Uncivilised writing is not. … This is the challenge for writing — for art — to meet. This is what we are here for.