Plan: The United States federal government should provide political party assistance for the Freedom and Justice Party in the nation referenced in the United States Code Title 22, Chapter 49, Subchapter 1, Section 3403. We reserve the right to clarify.

Advantage 1 – Egypt-Israel War

Despite the initiation of high-level dialogues, no concrete policies have been established.

Karon 1/5 (Tony, senior editor at TIME, where he has covered international conflicts in the Middle East, Asia, and the Balkans since 1997, “As U.S. Explores Dialogue with Muslim Brotherhood, Israelis Urge a Tougher Line Against Islamists’ Rise”,1/5/2012

http://globalspin.blogs.time.com/2012/01/05/as-u-s-explores-dialogue-with-muslim-brotherhood-israelis-urge-a-tougher-line-against-islamists-rise/)

So the meeting of U.S. officials

AND

democracy and ensuring stability.

Engagement without assistance looks hollow and insincere --- doesn’t build credibility

Seib, Professor of Journalism and Public Diplomacy and Professor of International Relations – University of Southern California, 10

[Philip, “Public Diplomacy and the Obama Moment”, Layalina Productions, Vol. 2, Issue 3,

http://www.layalina.tv/Publications/Perspectives/PhilipSeibMarch10.html]

The larger problem here is the

AND

as a valuable antiterrorism tool.

Ascendency of the Muslim Brotherhood will cause them to turn against Israel – only sincere engagement can solve.

Halevi, Senior Researcher at the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, 12-26

(Jonathan, December 26, 2011, “Are Egypt's Islamic Parties Planning to Nullify the Peace Treaty with Israel?” Vol. 11, No. 22, Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs

http://www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DRIT=1&DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=111&FID=442&PID=0&IID=11248&TTL=Are_Egypt%E2%80%99s_Islamic_Parties_Plannin)

Senior leaders of the Freedom and Justice party have

AND

understand the implications of any such action.

Current attempts to exclude the MB from Egyptian politics empowers the Old Guard branch of the Brotherhood – guarantees a radicalized foreign policy agenda

Guseynov ‘11, Middle Eastern Affairs,

(Enver, “Muslim Brotherhood, Israel and US Intervention in Egypt”, 7-10-11 http://www.suite101.com/content/muslim-brotherhood-israel-and-us-intervention-in-egypt-a378984#ixzz1VVTJXVDL)

Today the Muslim Brotherhood is

AND

and create additional insecurity in the Middle East.

Tensions are high – Egypt-Israel conflict engulfs the entire region

Brady, PolicyMic, ’11

(Kyle, August, “A Dangerous Time For Egypt and Israel”, http://www.policymic.com/articles/a-dangerous-time-for-egypt-and-israel)

Egypt and Israel have never been friendly neighbors

AND

more so now than ever before.

It draws in major powers and causes global nuclear war

Russell, Editor of Strategic Insights, ‘9

(James- Senior Lecturer Department of National Security Affairs, Spring, “Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Escalation and Nuclear War in the Middle East” Security Studies Center Proliferation Papers,

Strategic stability in the region is thus undermined by various factors

AND

with substantial risk for the entire world.

Current diplomatic efforts must fuse itself with policy – only way to create a sustainable partnership.

Seib, Professor of Journalism and Public Diplomacy and Professor of International Relations – University of Southern California, 9

[Philip, “Connecting Public Diplomacy and Policy”, Layalina Productions, Vol. 1, Issue 5,

http://www.layalina.tv/Publications/Perspectives/PhilipSeib.html]

American public diplomats cannot do their job

AND

sustain a more balanced partnership.

Coupling talks with investments in democracy is key to preserving US interests in the region.

Satloff, Executive Director and Howard P. Berkowitz Chair in U.S. Middle East Policy, 11

[Dr. Robert, “Egypt, U.S. Strategy, and Engaging the Muslim Brotherhood”, The Washington Institute

http://www.islamdaily.org/en/world-issues/middle-east/9852.article.htm]

Secretary of State Clinton confirmed today

AND

outreach to the MB as fumbling in the dark.

All DAs are non-unique; US helping MB in Syria now.

World Tribune 8-17

[“Report: U.S. favors Muslim Brotherhood over pro-democracy Syrian opposition”, 8-17-11

http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/9825/u-s-set-to-pass-trade-deals-with-colombia-panama-and-s-korea]

WASHINGTON — The administration of President Barack Obama

AND

represent a significant portion of the Syrian people."

All DAs are non-unique; funding now.

Channel News Asia 12/31 

http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_world/view/1174163/1/.html, Egypt risks losing military aid with raids Posted: 31 December 2011, Channel News Asia,

His legislation, part of a 2012 omnibus bill signed by

AND

the transition to civilian government.

Advantage 2: US Credibility

US favoritism of liberal secularism is the root cause of Muslim resentment towards the West – providing democracy assistance to the Muslim Brotherhood signals a shift in the relationship.

Kull, Director of Program on International Policy Attitudes, ‘11

(Steven, 9-15-11, “Why Muslims are still mad at America” http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2011/09/05/why-muslims-are-still-mad-at-america/%29

On the ten-year anniversary of the 9/11 attacks

AND

the Muslim world will become more amicable.

The threat of terrorism is still high.

Pesov, ‘11 

(Eduard, September 23, “Russian FM says terrorism still going strong 10 years after 9/11” Russian Times , http://rt.com/politics/foreign-minister-10-years-191/)

Despite the ongoing fight against terrorism

AND

the general destabilization in the Middle East,” Lavrov said. 

The FBI concedes the probability of a terrorist CBW attack is 100%.

Kessler, ‘11 

(Ronald, February 14, “FBI: 100 Percent Chance of WMD Attack” Newsmax , http://www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/zawahiri-weapons-mass-destruction/2011/02/14/id/386055)

The probability that the U.S. will be hit with a weapons of mass destruction attack

AND

each year where there was intent to use WMD.

A WMD terror attack is inevitable on US soil by 2013 – our evidence assumes all their barriers to acquisition and use

Fox 8 (Fox News, “Nuclear or Bioterror Attack on U.S. Likely by 2013, Panel Warns”, 12-2-08, http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,459927,00.html)

Terrorists are likely to attack the United States using nuclear or biological weapons

AND

all roads would intersect in Pakistan," the report states.

U.S. defenses are especially vulnerable to bioterror attack – most recent evidence proves.

Hylton, ’11 

(Wil, October 26, “How Ready Are We for Bioterrorism?” The New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/30/magazine/how-ready-are-we-for-bioterrorism.html?pagewanted=1&_r=2)

Last year, two separate review boards evaluated

AND

We need a new model. This is never going to work.”

Biological weapons pose an even greater extinction risk than nuclear weapons.

Ochs ‘02 [Richard, member of the Depleted Uranium Task force of the Military Toxics Project; member of the Chemical Weapons Working Group. “Biological Weapons must be abolished immediately.” Free From Terror. June 9, 2002.]

While a "nuclear winter," resulting from a massive exchange of nuclear weapons

AND

HUMAN EXTINCTION IS NOW POSSIBLE.

Even if the attack itself doesn’t cause extinction, large casualties from an unconstrained bio-attack will ensure nuclear retaliation

Conley 3 (Lt Col Harry W. is chief of the Systems Analysis Branch, Directorate of Requirements, Headquarters Air Combat Command (ACC), Langley AFB, Virginia. Air & Space Power Journal – Spring, http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj03/spr03/conley.html)

The number of American casualties suffered due to a WMD attack

AND

would be more than just a possibility, whatever promises had been made.”48

This will cause extinction

Hirsh 5 [Jorge Hirsh, professor of physics at the University of California San Diego.05, “The Real Reason for Nuking Iran, Why a nuclear attack is on the neocon agenda” http://www.antiwar.com/orig/hirsch.php?articleid=7861]

The real reason for nuking Iran

AND

and subsequent escalation will lead to global nuclear war.  Bye-bye world,

Al Qaeda will block off access to the Suez Canal

Watkins, Oil Diplomacy Editor, ’10 (Eric, February 15, “Al-Qaeda's new oil strategy” Oil and Gas Journal, lexis)

The oil and gas industry has long heard of the various chokepoints around the globe.

AND

where two thirds of the world's oil reserves are.

Terrorist attack on the Suez Canal causes shutdown – that slams the breaks on the global economy

Sterne, Managing Partner Sterne and Co, ’11

(Paul, January 30, “Egypt's Second Suez Canal Crisis”http://www.groundreport.com/World/Second-Suez-Crisis/2933579%29

Egypt matters for one reason -- the Suez Canal.

AND

And it is just one block away.

Global economic collapse causes nuclear war

O'Donnell 9 [2009 Baltimore Republican Examiner writer and Marine Corps Reserve squad leader, 9

[Sean, 2-26-2009, The Baltimore Republican Examiner, "Will this recession lead to World War III?," http://www.examiner.com/x- 3108-Baltimore-Republican- Examiner~y2009m2d26-Will-this- recession-lead-to-World-War- III]

Could the current economic crisis

AND

However sometimes history repeats itself.

First, the plan discredits extremists by shutting off the recruiting pipe-line by reconciling Islam and democracy

Glenn ‘11

[Cameron Glenn, B.A. in Middle Eastern Studies and Linguistics, “The Muslim Brotherhood Can Be a Moderate Voice in Islamist Politics”, Aug. 10, 2011, ]

In a country struggling to navigate an unprecedented transition to democracy

AND

pushing Al-Qaeda further into irrelevance.

Second, beginning with the Muslim Brotherhood creates a starting point for further cooperation with other Islamist groups in the region

Stacher, Professor PolSci Kent State, ‘7 

(Joshua, March 25, “Hear Out Muslim Brotherhood” Boston Globe,http://www.merip.org/newspaper_opeds/oped032507)

According to Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice

AND

in the region than Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood

That’s the best way to challenge radical Islamic terrorism – helps win hearts and minds

Hamid, Director Project on Middle East Democracy, ‘7

(Shadi, June, “Engaging Political Islam to Promote Democracy” Progressive Policy Institute, 

http://www.mafhoum.com/press10/303S24.pdf)

In light of the growing schism between mainstream Islamists and their radical counterparts

AND

That window, however, is now closed.

Use the button to Add an Entry.

Use the second box for cites formatted with wiki syntax or plain text, such as that exported from Verbatim 4.

Saudi DA Answers

Relations resilient – security and energy interests trump democracy rhetoric.

Teitelbaum ‘11

[Joshua, senior lecturer in Middle Eastern History, and a research associate at the Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, at Bar-Ilan University, 7-17-2011, “Empty Words: Saudi Blustering and US-Saudi Realities,” BESA, http://www.biu.ac.il/SOC/besa/docs/perspectives147.pdf]

So what's going on here?

AND

threatened by some Saudi officials.

Saudi relations not harmed by Arab Spring policies because democratic revolution was initiated locally. 

AFP ‘11

[“US, Saudi relationship in good shape: top US official”, AFP, 9-16-11

http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jA_FSDO25m2rYXq51dz_ThnLtD3w?docId]

The key diplomatic relationship

AND

strategic interests, " he said.

They don’t hate the MB – perceived as opposite of liberal revolutionaries that they fear.

Riedel, Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institute, ‘11

[Bruce, 8-24, Brezhnev in the Hejaz, The National Interest

http://nationalinterest.org/article/brezhnev-the-hejaz-5733]

Saudi foreign policy is always pragmatic

AND

leaders across the Arab world.

Other issues swamp democracy assistance, the plan won’t crush relations

CNN 2011 ("Obama adviser discusses 'scratchy' ties with Arab allies" http://articles.cnn.com/2011-07-03/us/mideast_1_saudi-arabia-saudi-monarchy-washington-and-riyadh?_s=PM:US, SRM)

We did have some scratchy periods

AND

which we work with the Saudis."

Iran, not the US, will be the deciding factor in Saudi proliferation

Guzansky July 1st, 2011 (Yoel Guzansky is a research fellow at the Institute for National Security Studies at Tel Aviv University. He joined INSS after serving at Israel's National Security Council; "TEHRAN TESTS SAUDIS' NERVE ON NUKES", LEXIS, SRM)

The Saudi strategy perhaps depends most

AND

should Iran do the same.

Turn: Saudi prolif deters Iran nuclearization

Lalwani 2008 (Sameer, “Another Take on Saudi Arabia's Nuclear Agenda,” June 10/

http://www.thewashingtonnote.com/archives/2008/06/another_respons)

Finally, though it's true that nuclear assistance

AND

in to assume the role of nuclear patron.

Iranian proliferation leads to Israeli launch and nuclear war

Schoenfeld 1998 (Gabriel, the senior editor of Commentary, Commentary, LEXIS)

Now, once again, the question has arisen

AND

heavy toll on civilian morale.

No Saudi prolif – no intention and a statements by Riyadh are a ploy to attain a US security guarantee.

Jacobs 2011

[Joshua, Gulf Policy Analyst at the Institute for Gulf Affairs (Saudi's Bluff on the Bomb, Institute for Gulf Affairs, http://www.gulfinstitute.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=176:saudis-bluff-on-the-bomb&catid=16:news&Itemid=1, July 19, 2011) ]

Saudi Arabia set off alarm bells

AND

dollars and years of development.

On terrorism: cooperation over terrorism ensures relations are resilient.

Boucek ‘11

[Christopher, Ph.D. and M.A., School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London; B.A., Drew University is an associate in the Carnegie Middle East Program where his research focuses on security challenges in the Arabian Peninsula and Northern Africa. He is a leading authority on disengagement and rehabilitation programs for Islamist militants and extremists and a recognized expert on terrorism, security, and stability issues in Saudi Arabia and Yemen. Before joining the Carnegie Endowment, he was a postdoctoral researcher at Princeton University and lecturer in Politics at the Woodrow Wilson School. He was also previously a media analyst at the Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia in Washington, D.C., and worked for several years at the Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies in London http://www.carnegieendowment.org/2011/09/12/terrorism-out-of-saudi-arabia/53pw#awakening]

Will heightened tensions between the United States

AND

the importance of the relationship.

No US/China war - interdependence and Chinese in US.

Hans M. Kristensen, Director of the Nuclear Information Project at the Federation of American Scientists, Robert S. Norris, senior research associate at the NRDC nuclear program, and Matthew G. McKinzie, Ph.D. and scientific consultant to ther Nuclear Program at the Natural Resrouces Defense Council, November 2006, “Chinese Nuclear Forces and U.S. Nuclear War Planning,” The Federation of American Scientists & The Natural Resources Defense Council, p. 198

The Pentagon often depicts the Chinese military

AND

that were inconceivable in the U.S.-Soviet relationship.

China threat discourse is self-fulfilling.  Their evidence is suspect.

Pan 4 (Chengxin Pan, Lecturer in International Relations and School Honours Coordinator, Peking University and Australian National University, PhD in Political Science and International Relations, visiting scholar at the University of Melbourne, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, member of the International Studies Association, Chinese Studies Association of Australia, editoral board of Series in International Relations Classics, 2004, (The “China Threat” in American Self-Imagination: The Discursive Construction of Other as Power Politics”, Alternations 29 (2004), p. 306)

More specifically, I want to argue that

AND

this article seeks to make a contribution.

EU CP Answers

Permutation solves – US and EU should develop a common line approach.

Hamid and Kadlec ‘10

[Shadi and Amanda, January, STRATEGIES FOR ENGAGING POLITICAL ISLAM, Project on Middle East Democracy

http://pomed.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/strategies-for-engaging-political-islam.pdf]

Nonetheless, the U.S. and EU can begin

AND

domestic contexts, regional interests, and strategic objectives.

No solvency: EU framework does not allow for the engagement of moderate Islamists.

Hamid and Kadlec ‘10

[Shadi and Amanda, January, STRATEGIES FOR ENGAGING POLITICAL ISLAM, Project on Middle East Democracy

http://pomed.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/strategies-for-engaging-political-islam.pdf]

But such statements have not translated 

AND

based on individual states' interests.

No solvency: Europe won’t be able to influence the MB’s agenda

Bright ‘06

[Martin, February 20, Talking To Terrorists, New Statesman

http://www.newstatesman.com/200602200006]

Pressing for legalisation of the Brotherhood

AND

in countries such as Egypt."

EU can’t engage Muslim communities – no unified position, money, or global focus.

Nakhleh, Director of Political Islam Strategic Analysis Program at CIA, ‘10

[Emile, October, U.S.–EU Partnership and the Muslim World: How Transatlantic Cooperation Will Enhance Engagement, Chicago Council on Global Affairs

http://www.thechicagocouncil.org/userfiles/file/task%20force%20reports/Trans-Atlantic_Papers_2-Nakhleh.pdf]

Religious communities have emerged all

AND

Indonesia and Turkey - and possibly Morocco.

The CP will cause Germany to backlash against the EU

Presseurop 11 (Presseurop, Presseurop.eu is Europe's first multilingual general news portal. Launched at the behest of the European Commission, Presseurop, online since May 25th, 2009, benefits from complete editorial freedom and is managed by four press companies with long experience in handling news and current affairs from the international press, “European diplomacy disarmed”, http://www.presseurop.eu/en/content/article/562781-european-diplomacy-disarmed, 03/21/2011)

Europeans are leading the way in the fight

AND

on an issue of major global importance."

German-EU relations are critical to saving the Euro, which is key to the global economy

Khosla 11 (Tanuj, Research Analyst with 3 Degrees Asset Management, a fund management firm in Singapore, “The Only Way To Save Europe”,  http://www.businessinsider.com/the-only-way-to-save-europe-2011-8, 08/15/2011)

Going by the size of EU's previous bailouts

AND

cause the breakup of the Euro.

Extra Case Stuff

The SQUO already has destroyed US-Israel relationship.  

Elman 1/5 (Arik, Israeli political and PR consultant, “President Obama and the Muslim Brotherhood”, http://www.algemeiner.com/2012/01/05/president-obama-and-the-muslim-brotherhood/, 1/5/12)

Turns out, Senator Liberman's compliment to Israel

AND

and have a plan on how to get there. 

The US has tried to increase low-level contacts with the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt – however it was only a rhetorical gesture

Mozgovaya, 6-30-11(Lauren Serpe is a Research Officer at the International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES). She conducts public opinion surveys and focus groups focused on issues related to democracy in the Middle East and North Africa and other regions of the world. March 8, 2011. www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/opinion/110307/gender-issues-should-be-yemen-reform)

United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton

AND

that we would like to see.

Suez closure causes US intervention and escalatory nuclear war

Nazemroaya 11 (Mahdi Darius Nazemroaya, Research Associate of the Centre for Research on Globalization (CRG), February, 13, 2011, “THE DIVISION OF EGYPT: THREATS OF US, ISRAELI, AND NATO MILITARY INTERVENTION?” http://www.setyoufreenews.com/2011/02/division-of-egypt-threats-of-us-israeli.html)

There is also the chance of renewed war

AND

through militarism overseas and domestic militarization.

Middle East tense now – Egypt-Israel conflict spills over.

Lynfield, 12-6

[Ben, 12-6-11, “What a change in Egypt’s leadership means for Israel”, Egypt Independent

http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/537256]

In Alpher's view, there has already been

AND

The problem is not just Egypt, it's the whole region.

Democracy assistance outweighs other sources of Anti-Americanism. 

Hamid ‘10

[Shadi, Deputy Director of the Brookings Doha Center and a fellow at the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution, Winter, 2010, “The Cairo Conundrum”, The Democracy Journal

http://www.democracyjournal.org/pdf/15/Hamid.pdf]

Anti-American anger, and the violence

AND

interests and ideals-particularly in Egypt.

The MB, despite a perception of moderation, will attack Israel. The US is needed to moderate them.

Foxman, National Director of the Anti-Defamation League, 12-13

[Abraham, 12-13-11, “Letter: The Muslim Brotherhood ”, New York Times

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/13/opinion/the-muslim-brotherhood.html?_r=1]

Nicholas D. Kristof may have been impressed

AND

will affect peace and stability in the region.

Even a failed nuclear terrorism attack causes extinction.

Mohamed Sid-Ahmed, Political Analyst for Al-Ahram Newspaper, 2004.“Extinction!” http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/705/op5.htmWhat would be the consequences of a nuclear attack by terrorists? 

Even if it fails, it would further exacerbate the negative features

AND

we will all be losers. 

Bioterrorist attack most likely most severe extinction risk

Matheny 7 (Jason G. Matheny, Health Economist, Risk analysis 27 November 5, 2007)

Of current extinction risks, the most severe may be

AND

to respond to pandemics (Lam, Franco, & Shuler, 2006). 

Tradeoff DA Answers

All DAs are non-unique; funding now. Post-dates their evidence.

Channel News Asia 12/31 http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_world/view/1174163/1/.html, Egypt risks losing military aid with raids Posted: 31 December 2011, Channel News Asia, 

His legislation, part of a 2012 omnibus bill

AND

the transition to civilian government. 

Won’t tradeoff: DA is the same cost as one-tenth of the budget for California’s Department of Transportation.

National Resource Council ‘08

[Improving Democracy Assistance: Building Knowledge Through Evaluations and Research, The National Academies Press]

This means that direct funding for democracy assistance

AND

highway maintenance and construction (State of California 2007).

Israel DA Answers

Relations are the worst they’ve ever been – new levels of resentment from Israel.

Rubin ‘11

(Jennifer, Freelance writer for the Washington Post’s Right Turn blog, The Weekly Standard, Labor Lawyer/Journalist, “It’s a face: U.S.-Israel relations at low ebb”, Washington Post Opinions, p. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/right-turn/post/its-a-fact-us-israel-relations-at-low-ebb/2011/03/29/gIQAtHov8H_blog.html)

There were perhaps worse moments in U.S.-Israel relations.

AND

Kessler seems to confirms just that when he recounts:

Only joint cooperation can stop the collapse of U.S.-Israel relations.

Miller 1-4

[Aaron David Miller, a public policy scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, served as a Middle East negotiator in Republican and Democratic administrations. “MILLER: Obama, Netanyahu don't like each other — and it shows”. The Sacramento Bee. January 4, 2012. <http://www.sacbee.com/2012/01/04/4163890/miller-obama-netanyahu-dont-like.html >]

In the end, Barack-Bibi relationship is likely headed south because

AND

any remaining hope for a two-state solution. 

Turn: Israel will support a plan that increases U.S. influence over the Muslim Brotherhood – Israeli foreign ministers want to engage the MB.

The Economist 12/10

[The Economist. “Israel and the Islamists: Oh no! But let’s talk, maybe”. December 10, 2011.  <http://www.economist.com/node/21541441>]

In a sign of things to come

AND

then government reined him in. 

No impact: Israel will not be the first country to attack. It will be the MB meaning Case solves the DA.

Ravid ‘11

[Barak, 12-13, “Israel's new Cairo envoy: Egypt peace treaty will be preserved”, Haaretz

http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/israel-s-new-cairo-envoy-egypt-peace-treaty-will-be-preserved-1.401168]

Israel's new ambassador to Egypt

AND

from the Ambassador's residence.

No impact: Israel will not attack Iran – Arab Spring has changed their risk calculus.

Mozgovaya ‘11

[Natasha, 7-18, “Former State Department spokesman: Israel will not attack Iran anytime soon”, Haaretz

http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/former-state-department-spokesman-israel-will-not-attack-iran-anytime-soon-1.373921]

Former State Department spokesman P.J. Crowley said

AND

to show restraint in the immediate term."

Turn: Israel security calculus is shifting – they see rise of Democracies are beneficial for them.

Harel ‘11

(Amos, Military Correspondent and Defense Analyst @ Haaretz, “Arab Spring.  Bad for Israel?  Not Necessarily.”  Alarabiya (English Edition), July 6, p. http://english.alarabiya.net/views/2011/07/06/156338.html) ]

In Israel, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu

AND

"track two" channel of discussion.

Salafists DA Answers

Muslim Brotherhood wants U.S. engagement and international legitimacy, and U.S. engagement will change its current opposition to the Camp David treaty.

Khoury 1/2

[Jack Khoury. Haaretz. “Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood plans to put treaty with Israel to a referendum”. January 2, 2012. <http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/egypt-s-muslim-brotherhood-plans-to-put-treaty-with-israel-to-a-referendum-1.404987>]

The Muslim Brotherhood, the overwhelming victor

AND

is discussing a referendum, he said. 

The MB will say yes to US assistance creating influence with Islamist groups around the world – Say no arguments are based on an outdated monolithic understanding of the MB.

Husain, Senior Fellow at CFR, ‘11

[4/5, Feuding Brothers, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/04/05/feuding_brothers?page=full]

I was in Cairo to understand that confusing silence

AND

It can be done, Islamists can change.

T - Consent of Host Country Answers

We meet: Egyptian government won’t oppose the plan.

Hamid, Director of Brooking Institute’s Doha Center, ‘10

[Shadi, Winter, The Cairo Conundrum, The Democracy Journal

http://www.democracyjournal.org/15/6726.php?page=all]

Assuming the political will is present

AND

than would otherwise be the case.

Counter-interpretation: Democracy assistance must use measures from the inside that work from the bottom-up; 5 categories of DA do this.

Collins, Kennesaw State University, 2009

[Stephen, Can America Finance Freedom? Assessing U.S. Democracy Promotion via Economic Statecraft, Foreign Policy Analysis, Vol 5, No 4, p. 378-379]

Top-down democracy incentive strategies have not

AND

lacks a commitment to democracy.

Russian Oil DA Answers

Corruption collapses Russian economy now

[Sergei Aleksashenko, former deputy minister of finance of the Russian Federation and former deputy governor of the Russian central bank, is a scholar-in-residence in the Carnegie Moscow Center’s Economic Policy Program. “Russia: Stable but Critical”, July 21, 2011, http://carnegieendowment.org/2011/07/21/russia-stable-but-critical/419w,

wyo-bb]

In the medium term, however, Russia's

AND

and the pursuit of foreign investment.

Low oil prices usher necessary economic and political reforms.

[Andrew E. Kramer, New York Times, “Rise in Oil Price Eases Push for Reform in Russia”, 6/3/2009, <http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/04/business/global/04ruble.html>]

The two previous major oil price slumps

AND

and a crackdown on corruption.

Low oil prices improve Russian currency policy

[Kommersant (Russian Newspaper), “Low Oil Prices May Push Up Russia’s Economy”, September 15, 2006, <http://www.kommersant.com/p705040/r_500/Low_Oil_Prices_May_Push_Up_Russia’s_Economy/>]

Yet, a fall in natural resources prices may

AND

to slow down as smoothly as possible.

Oil has lost its Impact on the economy

Devyatoy 11

[Alexei Devyatov, Business New Europe, “Reduced Impact of Oil on Russian Economic Growth”, June 15, 2011, <http://www.bne.eu/story2735/Reduced_Impact_of_Oil_on_Russian_Economic_Growth,

wyo-bb>]

After remaining flat at about 

AND

the private sector share the same concerns.

Turkey CP Answers

No solvency: MB says no to Turkey – perceived as secular bias.

Kessler ‘11

[Oren, 9-15-2011, Brotherhood angry at Erdogan call for secular Egypt, The Jerusalem Post

http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=238021]

Egypt's most powerful Islamist group warned

AND 

talking about secularism, it was all over." 

No solvency: Turkey vehemently hates Israel – they’ll take no steps to protect them.

Schleifer 11

[Yigal, 9-02-11, “Dead in the Water” Foreign Policy

http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/09/02/dead_in_the_water?page=0,0]

With the report's leak and Israel's continuing refusal

AND

to get out of this current impasse

Orientalism K Answers

Turn: Distinguishing moderate from violent forces within Islamic groups reshapes the relationship between the West and Islam while also preventing extremist violence

Etzioni, Professor Sociology George Washington, ‘7 (Amitai, “Security First: For a Muscular, Moral Foreign Policy” p 164-166)

This formulation of the U.S. position

AND

support, primarily by the Saudis.)

They can’t indict our authors with charges of Orientalism – Arab critiques prove our epistemology

Lewis 94—Near Eastern Studies, Princeton (Bernard, Islam and the West, 116-7, AMiles)

Some help in answer this question may be found

AND

that others make of us."

Alt fails. Their rejection of European intellectual domination does not create the possibility of understanding – difference is ineradicable. The attempt to eliminate difference requires the eradication of the Other.

Bruckner 1986

[Pascal, Tears of the White Man, p. 151-152]

It might seem that I have undertaken

AND

human race to itself is an unrealizable dream.

Turn: The way they criticize Orientalism makes them complicit with Anti-Semitism.

Teitelbaum and Litvak 6 (Senior Fellows, Moshe Dayan Center for Middle East and African Studies, Tel Aviv University, Joshua and Meir, Senior Fellow at the Moshe Dayan Center for Middle East and African Studies at Tel Aviv University, "Students, Teachers and Edward Said: Taking Stock of Orientalism," Middle East Review of International Affairs, Vol 10, No 1, p. 38]

Henry Munson criticized the fact that many

AND

or an agent of American imperialism. 

Must reject complicity with anti-Semitism – no instance is too small

Gordon, senior lecturer in the Department of Education at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and Gordon, general director of the Foundation for Education, 1995

[Haim and Rivca, Sartre and Evil: Guidelines for a Struggle, p. 118]

One conclusion can already be mentioned.

AND

overcome him or her immediately, on the spot.

T - Elections Answers

Counter-interpretation: Democracy assistance must use measures from the inside that work from the bottom-up; 5 categories of DA do this.

Collins, Kennesaw State University, 2009

[Stephen, Can America Finance Freedom? Assessing U.S. Democracy Promotion via Economic Statecraft, Foreign Policy Analysis, Vol 5, No 4, p. 378-379]

Top-down democracy incentive strategies

AND

lacks a commitment to democracy.

Payroll DA Answers

Payroll tax cuts won’t pass – Republicans won’t compromise

Benen 12/31 (Steve, contributing writer to the Washington Monthly, "blogger in chief" of the Monthly's blog, Political Animal, background includes writing for Talking Points Memo, The American Prospect, the Huffington Post, Salon, and The Guardian, 2011, “Enjoy the payroll tax break while it lasts” http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/political-animal/2011_12/enjoy_the_payroll_tax_break_wh034436.php, MV)

Last week, after a needlessly-contentious process

AND

"both sides" failed to reach an agreement.

Powerful GOP members support democracy assistance

Inboden 10 [Distinguished Scholar at the Strauss Center for International Security and Law at the University of Texas-Austin and a Non-Resident Fellow with the German Marshall Fund, William, “Across the aisle and across the Atlantic, a consensus on democracy,” 11-18, http://blog.gmfus.org/2010/11/across-the-aisle-and-across-the-atlantic-a-consensus-on-democracy/]

Meanwhile, notwithstanding the fact that

AND

commitment to human rights and democracy.

And, Turn: Plan is key to political capital – would force Republican compromise

Lane 11 (Charles, Washington Post, “Obama can reap political capital from revolt in Egypt”, http://www.thenewstribune.com/2011/02/15/1545321/obama-can-reap-political-capital.html, 2/15/2011)

Still, even after the resignation

AND

advance except, possibly, in Iraq.

And, Turn: Bipartisan consensus AND no cost links to democracy assistance

Democracy Digest ‘11 [http://www.demdigest.net/blog/2011/09/911-restored-bipartisan-consensus-on-strategic-value-of-democracy-assistance/, 2011]

9/11 restored Bipartisan consensus on

AND

division here at home is worthy of note."

Obama is spending all of his political capital on delaying the XL pipeline; thumps payroll

Patterson 12/17

Tom Patterson, retired physician and former state senator, December 17, 2011 “Patterson: Obama on wrong side of energy arguments” http://www.eastvalleytribune.com/opinion/article_d5a4e7a6-284b-11e1-bba6-001871e3ce6c.html

Multiple pipelines already criss-cross our fair land.

AND

There's leadership for you.

Won’t have any effect on the economy – too short term

National Journal, Updated: October 11, 2011 | 10:50 p.m.

October 11, 2011 | 10:30 p.m. FULL TRANSCRIPT: Bloomberg/Washington Post GOP Debate in N.H.http://www.nationaljournal.com/2012-presidential-campaign/full-transcript-bloomberg-washington-post-gop-debate-in-n-h--20111011

Romney: No one likes to see tax increases.

AND

about the question of disparity in America.

Non-unique: US supporting MB in Syria.

World Tribune 8-17-2011

[“Report: U.S. favors Muslim Brotherhood over pro-democracy Syrian opposition”

http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/9825/u-s-set-to-pass-trade-deals-with-colombia-panama-and-s-korea]

WASHINGTON - The administration of President Barack Obama

AND

significant portion of the Syrian people.

"Egypt" Word PIC Answers

Perm: do both.

Their certainty about the effects of language belies the nature of human agency and the importance of context, making us powerless in the face of language – Extricating the language from the plan doesn’t make the words “go away” – Confrontation via the permutation solves best

Butler 97 (Judith, Excitable Speech, UC-Berkeley, p. 13)

Indeed, recent effort to establish the

AND

and restaged at the moment of utterance.

They can’t solve the case--Censoring words transforms politics into a fight over language rather than the institutions that generate true violence. Perm solves

Brown 1 [Wendy Brown, professor at UC-Berkeley, 2001 Politics Out of History, p. 35-36]JFS

"Speech codes kill critique," Henry Louis Gates remarked

AND

our clamor over words and names. Don't mourn, moralize.

Punishing offensive language makes it worse—censorship only drives it underground where its effects are more acutely felt.

Matthew Roskoski and Joe Peabody, “A Linguistic and Philosophical Critique of Language ‘Arguments,’” 1991, http://debate.uvm.edu/Library/DebateTheoryLibrary/Roskoski&Peabody-LangCritiques, accessed 10/17/02

If language "arguments" become a dominant trend

AND

further dialogue can take place.

Perm : Use the word Misr formally, and use Egypt colloquially when referring to the plan

Colloquialisms trump formal legislation – the CP’s net benefit is solved back and solved better through the perm.

Devan 07 [janadas, journalist, the strait times. april 3^rd. “It's official: Wiki is an English word;Wiki, malware, techopreneur - and Singapore's very own kiasu, make it to the Oxford English Dictionary's latest update. CHUA HIAN HOU gets behind the words.” accessed via lexis.]

The Straits Times senior writer Janadas Devan

AND

was first seen in an Internet newsgroup.

No net benefit – renaming doesn’t work unless institutions are challenged

Sanford F. SCHRAM 95, Associate Professor of Political Science at Macalester College, former Visiting Professor at the La Follette Institute of Public Affairs at the University of Wisconsin and Visiting Affiliate at the Institute for Research on Poverty at the University of Wisconsin, 1995

[“Discourses of Dependency: The Politics of Euphemism,” Words of Welfare: The Poverty of Social Science and The Social Science of Poverty, Published by The University of Minnesota Press, ISBN 0816625778, p. 21-23]

The deconstruction of prevailing discursive structures

AND

what isolated instances of renaming can accomplish.

Cap K Answers

//No prior questions

Our problem-solution framework is good—their ontological criticism does nothing to confront the real harms of the status quo.

Darryl S. L. Jarvis, Director of the Research Institute for International Risk and Lecturer in International Relations at the University of Sydney, 2k (International Relations and the Challenge of Postmodernism: Defending the Discipline, Published by the University of South Carolina Press, ISBN 1570033056, p. 128-129)

Perhaps more alarming though is the outright violence

AND

those who struggle at marginal places. 

The ballot should prefer the advocacy that avoids the fastest and most probable internal link to extinction

Bostrom Prof at Oxford, 02

Nick Bostrom, PhD and Professor at Oxford University, March, 2002 [Journal of Evolution and Technology, vol 9] http://www.nickbostrom.com/existential/risks.html

Previous sections have argued that the combined

AND

especially if we play our cards right.

Democracy assistance does not entail an imposition of neoliberal exploitation – states can de-link the two from each other so democracy assistance can encourage economic empowerment

Youngs, Director-General FRIDE, ’11 (Richard- Professor Politics University of Warwick, February 11, “Misunderstanding The Maladies Of Liberal Democracy Promotion” http://www.fride.org/publication/884/misunderstanding-the-maladies-of-liberal-democracy-promotion)

Third, central to critical perspectives is the

AND

captured by incumbent autocratic regimes.

Capitalism is inevitable due to the industrial nature of human society – any alt will fail

Stromberg 4 [Joseph Stromberg, historian in residence at the Mises Institute July 9 2004 http://mises.org/article.aspx?Id=1562]

In addition, he may have been the first

AND

is therefore virtually inevitable.

Perm: do both. Capitalism is not monolithic, but their K makes it so. Instead, we should affirm everyday experiences of alterity and smaller actions like the plan as a way to create ethical connections and cultivate subjectivities not already-interpolated by capital. 

Po-Keung Hui, assistant professor dept of cultural studies at Lingnan University, Remaking Citizenship in Hong Kong: Community, nation and the global city, 2004, pg. 217-223

Gibson-Graham and colleagues have engaged in

AND

independence/freedom of the individual.

No rational alternative to capitalism even exists.

Rorty 98 (Richard, Stanford Philosophy Professor, Achieving Our Country, pp. 78-80)

The academic, cultural Left approves

AND

most clearly visible in the United States.

Capitalism is human nature

Nick Davis assistant Professor of English and Gender Studies at Northwestern University Libertarian International 1989 http://www.libertarian.co.uk/lapubs/polin/polin038.pdf

Individual rights over one's mind are

AND

I am the warrant and sanction."

Capitalism isn’t the root of anything.

Aberdeen 3 [Richard Aberdeen 2003 “THE WAY A Theory of Root Cause and Solution” http://freedomtracks.com/uncommonsense/theway.html]

A view shared by many modern activists 

AND

to avoid profit-crippling strikes and outright revolution. 

Security K Answers

Only the perm includes pragmatic action that avoids millions of deaths while distancing ourselves from objective “roots of war”

Booth 5 (Ken, Professor of International Politics at the University of Wales-Aberystwyth, Critical Security Studies and World Politics 2005. Pg. 299)

If critical theorizing about security is to advance

AND

in the death, disease, poverty and oppression of millions.

AND

And we don’t have to be completely right to justify action – inability to understand Egypt encourages a policy making process that makes all of their links inevitable

George, 2k3(Alexander George is the Graham H. Stuart Professor of International Relations, Emeritus "The Need for Influence Theory and Actor-Specific Behavioral Models of Adversaries∗"http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/cpc-pubs/know_thy_enemy/george.pdf)

When the assumption of a unitary actor is incorrect

AND

when their acts of terrorism are highly destructive.

The alt fails - even if they win threats aren’t real, other nations will still construct the U.S. as a threat. Failure to recognize security competition results in war.

Snyder 1 (Glenn, Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, “Mearsheimer’s World— Offensive Realism and the Struggle for Security,” International Security, 27(1), AD: 7-10-9) BL

Mearsheimer draws from Herz's analysis the "implication"

AND

essential to a full explanation of outcomes.

Politics precedes epistemology and ontology

Jarvis 2k

[Darryl, Senior Lecturer in International Relations – University of Sydney, International Relations and the Challenge of Postmodernism, p. 128-9]

More is the pity that such irrational

AND

who struggle at marginal places. 

SCAF Backlash DA Answers

Turn: Empowering the MB checks SCAF and allows for a peaceful transition.

Fadel 12-18

[Leila, “Muslim Brotherhood criticizes Egypt's military crackdown on protests”, The Washington Post, 12-18-11

http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/muslim-brotherhood-criticizes-egypts-military-crackdown-on-protests/2011/12/18/gIQA9ERE3O_story.html]

CAIRO - On the third day of clashes between hundreds

AND

between the military council and the Islamist party. 

Congress will condition aid to the SCAF – triggers the link.

Revkin 12-19-11

[Mara, Assistant director of the Rafik Hariri Center for the Middle East and editor of EgyptSource, “Congress Moves to Condition Egypt's Military Aid on Power Transfer to Civilians,” http://www.acus.org/egyptsource/congress-moves-condition-egypts-military-aid-power-transfer-civilians]

The U.S. Congress is seeking to impose restrictions 

AND

upholding the 1979 peace treaty with Israel (see pages 1092-93 of HR3671).

SCAF’s unsustainable, meaning impacts are inevitable.

Mallat 12-27-11

[Chibli, Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Visiting Professor of Islamic Legal Studies at Harvard Law School, “Saving the Egyptian Revolution from the Military,”

http://jurist.org/forum/2011/12/chibli-mallat-egypt-military.php]

It is probably too late. Too many people have already died

AND

continue leading the Middle East nonviolent revolution. 

SCAF crackdown and instability inevitable --- only electoral pluralism solves.

Trager 11-8

[Eric, Weiner Fellow – Washington Institute and Ph.D. Candidate in Political Science – University of Pennsylvania, “Tensions Grow between Egypt's Military Leaders and the Muslim Brotherhood”, Washington Institute PolicyWatch #1868, 2011, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=3419]

Although Washington has no interest in an Islamist-dominated

AND

that could drive Egypt towards further chaos. 

The MB has condemned the escalating violence.

Sheffer 12-19

[Sarah, “Egypt: Freedom and Justice Party condemns escalating violence”, Bikyamasr News, 12-19-11

http://bikyamasr.com/51167/egypt-freedom-and-justice-party-condemns-escalating-violence/]

CAIRO: The Muslim Brotherhood-affiliated Freedom and Justice Party

AND

to destroy Egypt, its facilities and its people, " the statement reads. 

No link: The Egyptian military will embrace democracy.

Westervelt 11 (Eric, writer for NPR, “For Egyptians, Trust is Key as Army Takes Lead,” http://www.npr.org/2011/02/14/133740008/doubts-persist-egypts-army-will-turn-over-power) CLS

Despite a lower profile in the past 

AND

So I'm starting to trust in them."

Their own link author says the US can promote democratization in Egypt and keep good relations with SCAF.

Jeffrey Martini is a Middle East research project associate at the RAND Corporation, and Julie E. Taylor is a political scientist at the RAND Corporation, “Commanding Democracy in Egypt: The Military's Attempt to Manage the Future,” Foreign Affairs, August 25, 2011, http://www.rand.org/commentary/2011/08/25/FA.html

That said, the United States can still promote democratization

AND

This subdued response was a missed opportunity.

Non-unique: The current protests in Egypt have forced the US to take tough actions against SCAF, hurting our relationship.

Werthmuller 12-23 (Kurt, Research Fellow @ the Hudson Institute Center for Religious Freedom, “On State Violence, the Cost of Escalation, and Egypt's Descent Into Chaos ,” The Huffington Post http://www.huffingtonpost.com/kurt-j-werthmuller/on-state-violence-the-cos_b_1160441.html)

It is time that the SCAF is finally held accountable

AND

are one and the same with American interests.

Plan: The United States federal government should provide political party support for the Freedom and Justice Party in the nation referenced in the United States Code Title 22, Chapter 49, Subchapter 1, Section 3403. We reserve the right to clarify.

Advantage 1: Egypt-Israel War

SQUO doesn’t solve - U.S. engagement of the Muslim Brotherhood is limited.  No coherent policy of cooperation.

Hamid, Director of Research at the Brooking Institution’s Doha Center and fellow at its Saban Center for Middle East Policy, 1-6

[Azmat Khan. PBS Frontline. Interview with Shadi Hamid, Director of Research at the Brookings Institution’s Doha Center and fellow at its Saban Center for Middle East Policy. “Why Is America Reaching Out to Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood?” January 6, 2012. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/foreign-affairs-defense/revolution-in-cairo-foreign-affairs-defense/why-is-america-reaching-out-to-egypts-muslim-brotherhood/>]

What kind of US-Brotherhood engagement is happening

AND

What does this all lead to?

Engagement without assistance looks hollow and insincere --- doesn’t build credibility

Seib, Professor of Journalism and Public Diplomacy and Professor of International Relations – University of Southern California, 10

[Philip, “Public Diplomacy and the Obama Moment”, Layalina Productions, Vol. 2, Issue 3,

http://www.layalina.tv/Publications/Perspectives/PhilipSeibMarch10.html]

The larger problem here is the gap

AND

among them, as a valuable antiterrorism tool.

MB will say yes.

Hamid 1-6

[Azmat Khan. PBS Frontline. Interview with Shadi Hamid, Director of Research at the Brookings Institution’s Doha Center and fellow at its Saban Center for Middle East Policy. “Why Is America Reaching Out to Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood?” January 6, 2012. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/foreign-affairs-defense/revolution-in-cairo-foreign-affairs-defense/why-is-america-reaching-out-to-egypts-muslim-brotherhood/>]

We've talked about why you believe it's in the

AND

part of what it's doing now.

Ascendancy of the MB will cause them to turn against Israel – only US engagement can solve.

Satloff and Trager 1-23

[Robert and Eric, Satloff is the executive director of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and Trager is a fellow at the same institute, “How the U.S. Should Handle the Islamist Rise in Egypt ”, The Wall Street Journal, 1-23-12,

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204468004577167074109741812.html?mod=googlenews_wsj]

But enough with theoretical arguments. Islamist's words

AND

use both these tools to advance its interests.

Current attempts to exclude the MB from Egyptian politics empowers the Old Guard branch of the Brotherhood – guarantees a radicalized foreign policy agenda

Guseynov, B.A. in Middle Eastern Affairs from EWU, ‘11

[Enver, “Muslim Brotherhood, Israel and US Intervention in Egypt”, 7-10-11, Suite101 http://www.suite101.com/content/muslim-brotherhood-israel-and-us-intervention-in-egypt-a378984#ixzz1VVTJXVDL]]

Today the Muslim Brotherhood is arguably the most

AND

and create additional insecurity in the Middle East.

Tensions are high – Egypt-Israel conflict engulfs the entire region

Brady, PolicyMic, ’11

[Kyle, August, “A Dangerous Time For Egypt and Israel” http://www.policymic.com/articles/a-dangerous-time-for-egypt-and-israel]

Egypt and Israel have never been friendly neighbors

AND

given more so now than ever before.

It draws in major powers and causes global nuclear war

Russell, Editor of Strategic Insights, ‘9

[James- Senior Lecturer Department of National Security Affairs, Spring, “Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Escalation and Nuclear War in the Middle East” Security Studies Center Proliferation Papers, http://www.analystnetwork.com/articles/141/StrategicStabilityReconsideredProspectsforEscalationandNuclearWarintheMiddleEast.pdf]

Strategic stability in the region is thus undermined

AND

with substantial risk for the entire world. 

Current diplomatic efforts must fuse itself with policy – only way to create a sustainable partnership.

Seib, Professor of Journalism and Public Diplomacy and Professor of International Relations – University of Southern California, 9

[Philip, “Connecting Public Diplomacy and Policy”, Layalina Productions, Vol. 1, Issue 5,

http://www.layalina.tv/Publications/Perspectives/PhilipSeib.html]

American public diplomats cannot do their job as

AND

must develop and sustain a more balanced partnership.

Coupling talks with investments in democracy is key to preserving US interests in the region.

Satloff, Executive Director and Howard P. Berkowitz Chair in U.S. Middle East Policy, 11

[Dr. Robert, “Egypt, U.S. Strategy, and Engaging the Muslim Brotherhood”, The Washington Institute

http://www.islamdaily.org/en/world-issues/middle-east/9852.article.htm]

Secretary of State Clinton confirmed today that the

AND

to the MB as fumbling in the dark.

All DAs are non-unique; US helping MB in Syria now.

World Tribune ‘11

[“Report: U.S. favors Muslim Brotherhood over pro-democracy Syrian opposition”, 8-17-11

http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/9825/u-s-set-to-pass-trade-deals-with-colombia-panama-and-s-korea]

WASHINGTON - The administration of President Barack Obama

AND

who represent a significant portion of the Syrian people."

All DAs are non-unique; funding now.

Channel News Asia 12/31

[“Egypt risks losing military aid with raids” Posted: 31 December 2011, Channel News Asia,

http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_world/view/1174163/1/.html]

His legislation, part of a 2012 omnibus

AND

military leaders back the transition to civilian government.

Advantage 2: US Credibility

US favoritism of liberal secularism is the root cause of Muslim resentment towards the West – providing democracy assistance to the Muslim Brotherhood signals a shift in the relationship.

Kull, Director of Program on International Policy Attitudes, ‘11

[Steven, 9-15-11, “Why Muslims are still mad at America”, CNN 

http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2011/09/05/why-muslims-are-still-mad-at-america/]

On the ten-year anniversary of the 

AND

with the Muslim world will become more amicable. 

The threat from Al Qaeda is still high despite Awlaki’s death.

Kagan, scholar at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), and a former professor of military history at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, 11

[Frederick, “Targeted Killings Can’t Be Total Strategy to Defeat al Qaeda”, The American, 9-30-11 http://blog.american.com/2011/09/targeted-killings-cant-be-total-strategy-to-defeat-al-qaeda/] 

The killing of al Qaeda leader Anwar al 

AND

defeat that network than we have yet done.

Risk of an Al Qaeda bioterror attack is high – scientists have already created super bugs and terrorists can easily access the research and materials to replicate the experiment.

Garrett , senior fellow for global health at the Council on Foreign Relations and recipient of the 1996 Pulitzer Prize for her coverage of the Ebola epidemic in what was then Zaire, 12/15

[Laurie, “The Bioterrorist Next Door”, Foreign Policy, 12-15-11

http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/12/14/the_bioterrorist_next_door]

In September, an amiable Dutchman stepped up

AND

feat and an accidental byproduct of legitimate research.

Release of the Super Avian Flu causes extinction.

Daily Mail UK 11/28 2011

[“'Anthrax isn't scary at all compared to this': Man-made flu virus with potential to wipe out many millions if it ever escaped is created in research lab”, Daily Mail Reporter, 11-28-11

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2066624/Anthrax-isnt-scary-compared-Man-flu-virus-potential-wipe-millions-created-warns-frightened-scientist.html]

A group of scientists is pushing to publish

AND

scary as this one.' - Daily Mail

Even if the attack itself doesn’t cause extinction, large casualties from an unconstrained bio-attack will ensure nuclear retaliation

Conley 3

[Lt Col Harry W. is chief of the Systems Analysis Branch, Directorate of Requirements, Headquarters Air Combat Command (ACC), Langley AFB, Virginia. Air & Space Power Journal – Spring, http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj03/spr03/conley.html]

The number of American casualties suffered due to

AND

possibility, whatever promises had been mad." 48

This will cause extinction

Hirsh 5

[Jorge, professor of physics at the University of California San Diego, 2005, “The Real Reason for Nuking Iran, Why a nuclear attack is on the neocon agenda” http://www.antiwar.com/orig/hirsch.php?articleid=7861]

The real reason for nuking Iran, however

AND

world, including the United States of America.

First, the plan discredits extremists by shutting off the recruiting pipe-line by reconciling Islam and democracy

Glenn ‘11

[Cameron, B.A. in Middle Eastern Studies and Linguistics, “The Muslim Brotherhood Can Be a Moderate Voice in Islamist Politics”, Aug. 10, 2011,

http://www.policymic.com/articles/the-muslim-brotherhood-can-be-a-moderate-voice-in-islamist-politics]

In a country struggling to navigate an unprecedented transition

AND

pushing Al-Qaeda further into irrelevance.

Second, beginning with the Muslim Brotherhood creates a starting point for further cooperation with other Islamist groups in the region

Stacher, Professor PolSci Kent State, ‘7

[Joshua, March 25, “Hear Out Muslim Brotherhood” Boston Globe, http://www.merip.org/newspaper_opeds/oped032507]

According to Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice,

AND

Islamist group in the region than Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood.

That’s the best way to challenge radical Islamic terrorism – helps win hearts and minds

Hamid, Director Project on Middle East Democracy, ‘7

[Shadi, June, “Engaging Political Islam to Promote Democracy” Progressive Policy Institute, 

 http://www.mafhoum.com/press10/303S24.pdf]

In light of the growing schism between mainstream 

AND

That window, however, is now closed.

Advantage 3: Gaza Instability

MB radicalism destabilizes Gaza --- risks smuggling and open conflict.

Rubin, Professor – Interdisciplinary Center (Herzliya, Israel) and Director – Global Research and International Affairs (GLORIA) Center, 12-18

[Barry, “Coming War Threat: Terrorists Developing a Safe Haven in Egypt to Attack Israel”, Rubin Reports, 2011,

http://pjmedia.com/barryrubin/2011/12/18/a-coming-war-threat-terrorists-are-developing-a-safe-haven-in-egypt-to-attack-israel/?singlepage=true]

First, a word on contingencies. Governments

AND

becoming a safe haven zone for international terrorists.

Gaza’s uniquely destabilizing --- goes nuclear

Zitun, Staff Writer – YNet, 11

[Yoav, “IDF General: Likelihood of Regional War Growing”, YNet, 9-5, http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4118220,00.html]

Senior IDF officer warns of 'radical Islamic winter'

AND

remarks were approved for publication by censorship officials. 

This results in extinction.

Beres, Professor of Political Science and International Law – Purdue University, 11

[Louis Rene, “Israel, Anarchy, and Global Chaos”, Jerusalem Post, 8-18,

http://postonpolitics.blogspot.com/2011/08/israel-anarchy-and-global-chaos.html]

In history, there is a powerful difference

AND

corollary effects would be correspondingly immediate and overwhelming. 

Only US democracy assistance is enough to temper MB radicalization.

Friedman, NY Times columnist and Pulitzer Prize winning author, 1-17

[Thomas, “Trust, but Verify ”, The New York Times, 1-17-12

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/18/opinion/trust-but-verify.html]

American policy needs to be based on the

AND

with multiple players - seven days a week. 

Extra Case Stuff

Current U.S. assistance looks biased and hurts its credibility. Also, aid will not hurt MB’s credibility – current credibility overwhelms any negatively perceived assistance.

Hamid 1-6

[Azmat Khan. PBS Frontline. Interview with Shadi Hamid, Director of Research at the Brookings Institution’s Doha Center and fellow at its Saban Center for Middle East Policy. “Why Is America Reaching Out to Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood?” January 6, 2012. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/foreign-affairs-defense/revolution-in-cairo-foreign-affairs-defense/why-is-america-reaching-out-to-egypts-muslim-brotherhood/>]

Are there any costs for the Brotherhood to engaging

AND

Brotherhood has more leeway in this respect. 

Russia DA Answers

Russia will not attack the United States over affairs in the Middle East. Russia cares more about its relations with the United States than the situation in the Middle East. 

Von Eggert 7

[Konstantin von Eggert, Moscow Bureau Editor of the BBC Russian Service, “Back to the Middle East”, March 22, 2007 < http://www.bitterlemons-international.org/inside.php?id=707>]

Speaking in Munich recently, Putin stressed

AND

from doing what it wants in the region.

No Link: The United States can ease Russian concerns through dialogue.

Hill 11

[Fiona Hill, director of the Brookings Institution's Center on the United States and Europe, “How Russia and China See the Egyptian Revolution”, Foreign Policy, February 15, 2011, <http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/02/15/how_russia_and_china_see_the_egyptian_revolution?page=0,0>]

Before Mubarak's ouster, Russia, China and the United States

AND

a goal of U.S. policy moving forward. 

Disagreement prevents Russian expansionism.

Cohen ‘9 (Ariel, Senior Research Fellow in Russian and Eurasian Studies and International Energy Security in the Douglas and Sarah Allison Center for Foreign Policy Studies, Heritage Foundation, “How the Obama Administration Should Engage Russia,” 3-19,http://foreign.senate.gov/testimony/2009/CohenTestimony090319a.pdf)

President Obama should now provide the firm foundation

AND

enjoy the benefits of being part of the club.

Relations are resilient – mutual deterrence prevents escalation of war.

Fenenko 6/21 [Alexei Fenenko is a Leading Research Fellow, Institute of International Security Studies of RAS, “The cyclical nature of Russian-American relations,” 6/21/11, http://en.rian.ru/valdai_op/20110621/164739508.html]

There is nothing special or unusual about the

AND

to a state of low intensity confrontation. 

Payroll DA Answers

PTC won’t pass – no agreement on funding

Bloomberg 1/19 (U.S. Payroll Tax-Cut Conferees Standing Firm on Differences

January 25, 2012, 11:34 AM EST, http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-01-25/u-s-payroll-tax-cut-conferees-standing-firm-on-differences.html)

Congressional negotiators are refusing to budge

AND

a lot of them aren't easily solved." 

PTC won’t pass – Republicans crossed a red line

The Hill 1/26 (Waxman: GOP 'so stupid' to include Keystone pipeline in payroll tax package

By Mike Lillis - 01/26/12 05:15 PM ET , http://thehill.com/homenews/house/206905-waxman-gop-so-stupid-to-include-keystone-pipeline-in-payroll-tax-package)

Waxman listed three "red lines" he said would likely

AND

complicate the process and threaten the underlying bill.

Turn: Democracy assistance is bipartisan – it’s key to the economy.

Nides 11

[Thomas R., Deputy Secretary of State, “Pursuing U.S. Values and Self-Interest”, Politico, 10-6, http://dyn.politico.com/printstory.cfm?uuid=CE6938AE-1919-44C5-8377-6A6FFD169A56]

As these positive changes emerge in the Middle East

AND

the additional benefit of also being the right thing to do. 

Democracy aid to Egypt is safe from debates on cutting foreign aid.

McArthur 11

[Shirl, congressional correspondent for the Washington Report on Middle East Affairs,” July 2011, http://washington-report.org/component/content/article/370-2011-july/10551-congress-watch-congress-finally-passes-bill-to-fund-government-through-current-fiscal-year.html]

After months of non-productive partisan haggling

AND

the bill earmarks $300 million in military aid. 

Payroll tax cuts won’t stimulate the economy

Bartlett 11 (Bruce Bartlett held senior policy roles in the Reagan and George H.W. Bush administrations and served on the staffs of Representatives Jack Kemp and Ron Paul., The Case Against a Payroll Tax Cut, August 30^th, http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/08/30/the-case-against-a-payroll-tax-cut/)

However, there is no evidence that the lower payroll tax

AND

nothing to increase aggregate demand or economic output. 

Should PIC Answers

Should” denotes an expectation – this means the resolution shows expectation that its agent will enact the plan

American Heritage Dictionary – 2000 [www.dictionary.com]

3 Used to express

AND

or expectation.

PERM DO BOTH: IF LANGUAGE SHAPES REALITY, REALITY CAN IN TURN CHANGE LANGUAGE – THE PERMUTATION ALLOWS THE TRANSFORMATION OF MEANING WHILE THE CP CEMENTS THE MEANING OF THE WORD IN OPPRESSION.

KIDNER, 2000

David W, Nature and Psyche: Radical Environmentalism and the Politics of Subjectivity, pg 26-27

In the absence of a language that is

AND

such industrialized views of nature.

No Solvency and Turn: The refusal to reappropriate exclusionary language is politically paralyzing dogmatism

Butler 97 (Chair of the Rhetoric Department at U.C.-Berkley, 1997 [Judith, Excitable Speech, p. 162) Nisarg

Such dogmatism appears as well

AND

that we keep in question?

EU-NED CP Answers

Privatization doesn’t solve credibility or implementation- too chaotic and unmanageable for recipient countries- also links to politics because Congress can’t see where their money is going.

Garrett, Senior Fellow for Global Health at CFR, ‘9

[Laurie, January, “The Future of Foreign Assistance Amid Global Economic and Financial Crisis”, Council on Foreign Relations

http://www.cfr.org/global-governance/future-foreign-assistance-amid-global-economic-financial-crisis/p18167]

Beyond the question of what America buys with taxpayer money

AND

government strategies, and utterly lacking in sustainability. 

Turn: Allowing private aid would create a laundry list of problems – shattering solvency.

CDDRL ‘8

[Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law, May, “REORGANIZING U.S. GOVERNMENT

DEMOCRACY PROMOTION EFFORTS”, Conference Held at Stanford University

http://iis-db.stanford.edu/res/2329/Reorganizing.pdf]

The argument that USAID maintains excessive control over civil society

AND

between the departments that already exist (i.e. USAID and the State Department).

CP links to the net benefit and doesn’t solve- causes backlash MORE backlash than the aff- seen as trying to deceive foreigners

Conry 93 - Foreign policy analyst @ Cato Institute [Barbara Conry, “Loose Cannon: The National Endowment for Democracy,” Cato Institute Foreign Policy Briefing No. 27, November 8, 1993, pg. http://www.cato.org/pubs/fpbriefs/fpb027.pdf]

The NED structure also distorts accountability 

AND

to "run the show" around the world. 

Plan: The United States federal government should provide political party support for the Freedom and Justice Party in the nation referenced in the United States Code Title 22, Chapter 49, Subchapter 1, Section 3403. We reserve the right to clarify.

Advantage 1 - Egypt-Israel War

SQUO doesn’t solve – direct engagement is necessary for reconciliation with the people.

Hussein, Secretary-General of the Muslim Brotherhood, 2-19

[Mahmoud, “Muslim Brotherhood Secretary General: If the People Chose Us to Rule, We Cannot Let Them Down”, Ikhanweb, 2-19-12

http://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=29684]

I do not believe there is any change

AND

in order to secure its own interests.

Engagement without assistance looks hollow and insincere --- doesn’t build credibility

Seib, Professor of Journalism and Public Diplomacy and Professor of International Relations – University of Southern California, 10

[Philip, “Public Diplomacy and the Obama Moment”, Layalina Productions, Vol. 2, Issue 3,

http://www.layalina.tv/Publications/Perspectives/PhilipSeibMarch10.html]

The larger problem here is the

AND

as a valuable antiterrorism tool.

MB says yes – disputes in the SQUO only highlight the need for US aid.

Schenker, Director at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2-15

[David, LA Times, 2-15-12, “Egypt’s Cold Shoulder”

http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-schenker-egypt-20120215,0,3548288.story]

Despite the prevalent view that the

AND

antagonize Washington and keep the aid.

Ascendancy of the MB will cause them to turn against Israel – only US engagement can solve.

Satloff and Trager 1-23

[Robert and Eric, Satloff is the executive director of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and Trager is a fellow at the same institute, “How the U.S. Should Handle the Islamist Rise in Egypt ”, The Wall Street Journal, 1-23-12,

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204468004577167074109741812.html?mod=googlenews_wsj]

But enough with theoretical arguments.

AND

these tools to advance its interests.

Current attempts to exclude the MB from Egyptian politics empowers the Old Guard branch of the Brotherhood – guarantees a radicalized foreign policy agenda

Guseynov, B.A. in Middle Eastern Affairs from EWU, ‘11

[Enver, “Muslim Brotherhood, Israel and US Intervention in Egypt”, 7-10-11, Suite101 http://www.suite101.com/content/muslim-brotherhood-israel-and-us-intervention-in-egypt-a378984#ixzz1VVTJXVDL]]

Today the Muslim Brotherhood is arguably

AND

create additional insecurity in the Middle East.

Tensions are high – Egypt-Israel conflict engulfs the entire region

Brady, PolicyMic, ’11

[Kyle, August, “A Dangerous Time For Egypt and Israel” http://www.policymic.com/articles/a-dangerous-time-for-egypt-and-israel]

Strategic stability in the region is thus

AND

with substantial risk for the entire world.

Current diplomatic efforts must fuse itself with policy – only way to create a sustainable partnership.

Seib, Professor of Journalism and Public Diplomacy and Professor of International Relations – University of Southern California, 9

[Philip, “Connecting Public Diplomacy and Policy”, Layalina Productions, Vol. 1, Issue 5,

http://www.layalina.tv/Publications/Perspectives/PhilipSeib.html]

American public diplomats cannot do their job

AND

sustain a more balanced partnership. 

Only US democracy assistance is enough to temper MB radicalization.

Friedman, NY Times columnist and Pulitzer Prize winning author, 1-17

[Thomas, “Trust, but Verify ”, The New York Times, 1-17-12

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/18/opinion/trust-but-verify.html]

American policy needs to be based on the

AND

sophisticated diplomacy with multiple players - seven days a week. 

All DAs are non-unique; US helping MB in Syria now.

World Tribune ‘11

[“Report: U.S. favors Muslim Brotherhood over pro-democracy Syrian opposition”, 8-17-11

http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/9825/u-s-set-to-pass-trade-deals-with-colombia-panama-and-s-korea]

WASHINGTON - The administration of President Barack Obama

AND

who represent a significant portion of the Syrian people." 

All DAs are non-unique; funding to Egypt now.

Strobel 1/25

[Warren, Former foreign affairs correspondent for McClatchy Newspapers, “Obama set to speed aid to Egypt: official”, Reuters, 1/25/2012

http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/01/25/us-davos-usa-egypt-idUSTRE80O24G20120125]

U.S. President Barack Obama plans to accelerate

AND

shifted to quick-impact projects, he said. 

Advantage 2: US Credibility

US favoritism of liberal secularism is the root cause of Muslim resentment towards the West – providing democracy assistance to the Muslim Brotherhood signals a shift in the relationship.

Kull, Director of Program on International Policy Attitudes, ‘11

[Steven, 9-15-11, “Why Muslims are still mad at America”, CNN 

http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2011/09/05/why-muslims-are-still-mad-at-america/]

On the ten-year anniversary of the 9/11

AND

Muslim world will become more amicable.

Scenario 1: Bioterrorism

Risk of Al-Qaeda bioterror attack this year is high – major experts agree that the research and materials are easy to access.

Ramstack, 2-15

[Tom, 2-15-12, “Congress seeks more protections against bioterrorism”, All Headline News 

http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/90072660?Congress%20seeks%20more%20protections%20against%20bioterrorism]

Director of National Intelligence James Clapper

AND

supporters who know microbiology and chemistry.

Al-Qaeda is going after the recently created strain of avian flu – it’s a highly potent bioweapon.

Schorow, 2-16

[Stephanie, “Fears of bioterrorism or an accidental release”, The Harvard Gazette, 2-16-12

http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2012/02/fears-of-bioterrorism-or-an-accidental-release/]

Panelists at The Forum at Harvard School of Public Health

AND

chemistry to develop of weapons of mass destruction.

Release of the Super Avian Flu causes extinction.

Daily Mail UK 11/28 2011

[“'Anthrax isn't scary at all compared to this': Man-made flu virus with potential to wipe out many millions if it ever escaped is created in research lab”, Daily Mail Reporter, 11-28-11

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2066624/Anthrax-isnt-scary-compared-Man-flu-virus-potential-wipe-millions-created-warns-frightened-scientist.html]

A group of scientists is pushing to publish

AND

that is as scary as this one. 

Even if the attack itself doesn’t cause extinction, large casualties from an unconstrained bio-attack will ensure nuclear retaliation

Conley 3

[Lt Col Harry W. is chief of the Systems Analysis Branch, Directorate of Requirements, Headquarters Air Combat Command (ACC), Langley AFB, Virginia. Air & Space Power Journal – Spring, http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj03/spr03/conley.html]

The number of American casualties suffered due to a WMD attack

AND

just a possibility, whatever promises had been made." 

This will cause extinction

Hirsh 5

[Jorge, professor of physics at the University of California San Diego, 2005, “The Real Reason for Nuking Iran, Why a nuclear attack is on the neocon agenda” http://www.antiwar.com/orig/hirsch.php?articleid=7861]

The real reason for nuking Iran, however, is

AND

Bye-bye world, including the United States of America.

Scenario 2: Gaza Smuggling

Tensions in Sinai now – smuggling and lawlessness are at new high points.

Sherwood, 2-14

[Harriet, “Sinai explodes into violence after years of chronic poverty and alienation”, The Guardian, 2-14-12

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/feb/14/sinai-violence-poverty-alienation-bedouin-egypt?newsfeed=true]

Smuggling across the border has become an

AND

the iron grip of its security forces. 

Smuggling causes terrorism and escalating war

Almog 4

[Doron, Major General, Former Head of Israel’s Southern Command, and Visiting Military Fellow – Washington Institute for Near East Policy, “Tunnel-Vision in Gaza”, Middle East Quarterly, Summer, http://www.meforum.org/630/tunnel-vision-in-gaza]

The term "smuggling" does not do justice to

AND

border area or the Gaza Strip itself. 

First, Gaza destabilization results in all-out nuclear war and extinction.

Zitun, Staff Writer – YNet, 11

[Yoav, “IDF General: Likelihood of Regional War Growing”, YNet, 9-5, http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4118220,00.html]

Senior IDF officer warns of 'radical Islamic winter'

AND

approved for publication by censorship officials. 

Second, Hamas will strike the Dimona reactor.

Ceren 9

[Omri, Ph.D. Candidate in Rhetoric – University of Southern California, “Hamas’s “Big Surprise” – An Attack On Dimona That Will Trigger A Full-Blown Regional War?”, Mere Rhetoric, 1-2, http://www.mererhetoric.com/2009/01/02/hamass-big-surprise-an-attack-on-dimona-that-will-trigger-a-full-blown-regional-war/]

Hamas and their Iranian patrons keep alluding

AND

considered as one of their potential endgames.

Causes a catastrophic meltdown.

IPC 3

[International Press Center, “Dimona Reactor… a Mystery Threatening the Middle East”, 9-18, http://stgvisie.home.xs4all.nl/VISIE/dimona.html]

Preface "The Israeli nuclear reactor of Dimona

AND

region and on a large geographical scale. 

The impact is extinction.

Lendman, Research Associate of the Centre for Research on Globalization, ‘11

[Stephen, 03/ 13, “Nuclear Meltdown in Japan,”, The People’s Voice http://www.thepeoplesvoice.org/TPV3/Voices.php/2011/03/13/nuclear-meltdown-in-japan]

Reuters said the 1995 Kobe quake caused

AND

"It could be, literally, an apocalyptic event."

Solvency

First, the plan discredits extremists by shutting off the recruiting pipe-line by reconciling Islam and democracy

Glenn ‘11

[Cameron, B.A. in Middle Eastern Studies and Linguistics, “The Muslim Brotherhood Can Be a Moderate Voice in Islamist Politics”, Aug. 10, 2011,

http://www.policymic.com/articles/the-muslim-brotherhood-can-be-a-moderate-voice-in-islamist-politics]

In a country struggling to navigate an unprecedented 

AND

pushing Al-Qaeda further into irrelevance.

Second, beginning with the Muslim Brotherhood creates a starting point for further cooperation with other Islamist groups in the region

Stacher, Professor PolSci Kent State, ‘7

[Joshua, March 25, “Hear Out Muslim Brotherhood” Boston Globe, http://www.merip.org/newspaper_opeds/oped032507]

According to Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice

AND

in the region than Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood. 

That’s the best way to challenge radical Islamic terrorism – helps win hearts and minds

Hamid, Director Project on Middle East Democracy, ‘7

[Shadi, June, “Engaging Political Islam to Promote Democracy” Progressive Policy Institute, 

 http://www.mafhoum.com/press10/303S24.pdf]

In light of growing schism between mainstream Islamists

AND

That window, however, is now closed. 

Third, moderating the MB is key to moderating Hamas and solving the violence.

Zaman 2-5

[Today’s Zaman, “Muslim Brotherhood will determine future of Hamas”, 2-5-12, http://www.todayszaman.com/news-270497-muslim-brotherhood-will-determine--future-of-hamas.html]

Hamas, which has left its mark

AND

have organic ties with the Muslim Brotherhood. 

Due to frustration with the wiki and other reasons. Full text of all 2ACs/1ARs will be attached.